448:
Decision to the parties and Virgin withdrew its complaint on 16 March 2011, Ofcom therefore closed the case. On 13 December 2010, Ofcom also opened an investigation to consider a complaint submitted by BT against Sky concerning the requirement on BT to provide Sky with information on BT Visions total number of pay subscribers and total number of customers. On 29 March 2011, Ofcom concluded its assessment of BT's complaint, issuing a decision to give a direction to Sky in respect of compliance with
Condition 14A of each of the Television Licensable Content Service licences for Sky Sports 1 and Sky Sports 2. The direction states that a clause in Sky's agreement for the wholesale supply of Sky Sports 1 and Sky Sports 2 to BT, requiring BT to provide Sky with BT Vision's total number of pay subscribers and total number of customers is in breach of Condition 14A(1)(d) and required that clause to be removed forthwith.
344:"The company has lots of technological innovation that only a robust entrepreneur could to bring to British society, but it has also often been profoundly anti-competitive. I believe that the bundling of channels so as to increase the profit and make it impossible for others to participate in the market is anti-competitive. I believe that the way in which the application programming interface—the operating system—has been used has been anti-competitive and that Sky has deliberately set about selling set-top boxes elsewhere, outside areas where they have proper rights. If one visits a flat in Spain where a British person lives, one finds that they mysteriously manage to have a Sky box there even though it is registered to a house in the United Kingdom."
379:
competition caused by Sky's film domination meant that consumers were paying £50m to £60m a year more than would otherwise be the case. Among a number of recommendations from the
Competition Commission, the regulator said Sky should be restricted from signing exclusivity deals with all of the major Hollywood film studios for film rights in the so-called "first subscription pay-television window", exclusivity deals with the film giants should be weakened so rival operators can buy the rights to other distribution methods and competitors would be able to rival Sky Movies by offering their own selection of new releases.
395:
dropped any proposal to act against BSkyB, it said that competition in the overall pay-TV retail market was ineffective. However, the
Competition Commission said it could not act on this as the scope of the investigation was limited to the first subscription pay-TV window only. On 2 August, the Competition Commission filed its final report, upholding its revised assessment. The decision marked the first time that the Competition Commission had reversed its initial decision in a market investigation.
375:
that Sky has a case to answer. The commission found that the prices at which Sky wholesales its film channels to other broadcasters is too high, Sky's contracts with the six major
Hollywood studios mean no rival operators can afford to risk bidding for them and that Sky prevented BT and Virgin Media from developing a business selling films on demand via subscription by warehousing – or buying without using – the exclusive right to let viewers watch films on demand via subscription.
432:. The agreement between Sky and Ofcom results in the three named Sky competitors having access to Sky Sports 1 and 2 at an Ofcom-mandated "wholesale must-offer" price for carriage on digital terrestrial and cable. However, while the interim agreement is in effect, the three named competitors will effectively continue to pay the existing rate card price, with the difference between that and the wholesale must-offer price paid into
440:, subject to Real agreeing contractual terms with BSkyB. On 1 July 2010, BT revealed plans to undercut Sky's own prices by £10 a month. Sky immediately said it would raise its own prices by £3 a month from 1 September, driving up the wholesale cost to BT and potentially forcing it to provide the channels at a loss. Sky had attempted to block Top Up TV from distributing Sky Sports 1 and 2 via a
814:
451:
On 8 August 2012, the
Competition Appeal Tribunal ruled that Ofcom's core competition concern about the way BSkyB sold its sports channels wholesale to competitors was "unfounded", namely that BSkyB had deliberately withheld wholesale supply of its premium channels from other retailers, preferring to
390:
to extend its rental-by-post model to offer a similar online service to customers. On 20 April 2012, Ofcom told the
Competition Commission to stick to its guns and break Sky's hold on the pay-TV film market, arguing that the arrival of Netflix and LoveFilm had not altered the broadcaster's dominance.
394:
On 23 May 2012, the
Competition Commission revised its provisional findings indicating that video on demand rivals such as LoveFilm and Netflix provide a vibrant market for consumers and that BSkyB should face no action from regulators over its monopoly of UK pay-TV film rights. While the regulator
374:
service. The media regulator was particularly concerned that Sky's near exclusive control over first-run films from the six major
Hollywood studios has given the firm an "incentive and ability to distort competition". The Competition Commission's preliminary findings published over the summer found
130:
leadership that was brutal in its simplicity. Their aim was to cut the BBC licence fee, to force BBC online to charge for its content, for the BBC to sell off its commercial activities, to open up more national sporting events to bids from BSkyB and move them away from the BBC, to open up the cable
40:
channels, and was ordered in 2010 to reduce its charges for these channels. Its terms for supplying the sports channels to other companies were also challenged in 2010–11; some of the complaints were upheld by the regulatory authorities, others were not. Another challenge, in 2009, concerned Sky's
366:
studios to broadcast films for the first time on pay TV. And the second concerned the wholesale supply of pay TV packages containing films channels, which are based on those rights. The
Competition Commission had a maximum of two years to investigate and reach a decision on the concerns raised by
361:
to investigate concerns regarding the sale and distribution of subscription premium Pay TV films. Ofcom was concerned in particular that the way in which these films are sold and distributed created a situation in which Sky had the incentive and ability to distort competition. The end result for
403:
On 31 March 2010, Ofcom ordered BSkyB to cut the price of its premium sports channels. Sky must offer Sky Sports 1 and 2 to rival operators at 23.4% below its own monthly price per subscriber. The wholesale price for service bundles was also to be reduced by 10.5%. Sky must also offer the high
447:
On 13 December 2010, Ofcom opened an investigation to consider a complaint submitted by Virgin Media in relation to the terms of wholesale supply by Sky to Virgin of Sky Sports 1 and Sky Sports 2 HD, namely that it is calculated on a per-device basis. On 24 February 2011, Ofcom issued a Draft
378:
In a provisional decision published on 19 August 2011, the
Competition Commission said BSkyB's contracts with the six major Hollywood studios present a significant barrier to entry to potential competitors and that prices charged by Sky are too high. The commission said the adverse effect on
362:
consumers is less choice, less innovation and higher prices. Ofcom couldn't address these concerns fully using its powers and referred them to the Competition Commission. The referral related to two specific films markets. The first concerned the rights to films sold by the major
523:, when he stated "Sky pays nothing for re-transmitting the PSB channels, despite the fact that taken together, they are by far the most watched channels they offer. On the contrary, the PSBs pay an EPG charge for the privilege of being on the satellite platform."
491:'s listing if it ever broadcast unencrypted) discovered "something that would have been deeply embarrassing to BSkyB if it became public". The EPG dispute was subsequently settled by BSkyB "before the ITC adjudication on our dispute was published."
174:). Ofcom stated in its report that "Ofcom’s duty to be satisfied that a licensee is fit and proper is ongoing. Should further relevant evidence become available in the future, Ofcom would need to consider that evidence in order to fulfill its duty."
82:) in December 2016 to acquire the 61% share of Sky that it did not already own led to concerns again being raised as to whether it would give the Murdoch family too dominant an influence over British media. American media conglomerate
246:
Although the bid was "dropped after only five weeks" some media commentators presumed it had been done to "bide time" and that News Corp were "still confident" they could prove their bid was not "a serious threat to competition".
27:
began in 2006. It was claimed at various times that Sky was operating in an anti-competitive way in the British pay TV market. Similar concerns arose about Sky's procurement, distribution and charging levels of films on its
62:
for the remaining shares in the company. There was widespread opposition to the bid, on the grounds that it would give NewsCorp too dominant a position in the British media. The bid was withdrawn in July 2011 following the
412:
to address concerns regarding the sale and distribution of subscription video-on-demand premium movie rights. British Sky Broadcasting immediately confirmed its intention to challenge Ofcom’s conclusions before the
162:
took the decision on 8 July 2011 to be kept informed of the phone hacking investigation and to launch a "fit and proper" test, as a result of BSkyB's majority News Corp ownership (part of its obligations under the
219:
in an editorial, who stated "a merger would give Mr Murdoch unfettered power to direct its management and cash flows" and that, consequently, this would "lock out challengers and stifle the diversity of debate."
258:, the Business Secretary, to lay out their reasons for the BSkyB share bid being a breach of media plurality. The BBC's contribution to the letter was subsequently attacked in a (News International owned)
792:
718:
505:
concerning Sky charging free-to-air channels for the benefits of "Pay TV" listings on its EPG, despite separate carriage networks being used and free-to-air channels gaining no Pay TV benefit.
404:
definition versions of Sky Sports 1 and 2 to rivals, but Ofcom will not set the prices after accepting that HD is a relatively new innovation. Instead, Sky must make the channels available on "
239:, arguing that News Corporation (and Murdoch's) proposed shareholding would stifle a "free and diverse UK media" and affect UK broadcasting impartiality rules. Global campaigning organisation,
204:'s bid for the 60.9% of BSkyB they don't own would dilute media plurality and exercise "too much political influence". She also stated any such shareholder arrangement would represent a ""
167:), in order to remain "satisfied that any person (which will include controlling directors and shareholders) holding a broadcasting licence remains fit and proper to hold those licences."
892:
71:) launched an enquiry that same month to determine whether BSkyB should continue to hold a licence to broadcast. In September 2012, Ofcom ruled that BSkyB could retain its licence.
126:, which included his cold assertion that profit not standards was what mattered in the media, underpinned an ever more aggressive News International and BSkyB agenda under his and
459:
Despite these restrictions, Sky's £1 billion budget and the collapse of Setanta Sports in 2009, left it best-placed to buy any sport not considered a free-to-air "crown jewel".
1065:
1309:
317:
service, considered by some to be a delaying tactic in order to promote its own services, especially considering its failure to complain about other services, such as
370:
On 8 February 2011, a working paper published on the Competition Commission website, entitled "Profitability of Sky", said Sky is making "excessive profits" from its
707:
456:. However, BSkyB was unable to convince the tribunal that Ofcom misinterpreted its powers when it ordered a reduction in wholesale prices for Sky Sports 1 and 2.
729:
532:
306:
to launch an investigation into the "features of the market, including control over content, ownership of distribution platforms, retail subscriber bases and
661:
1257:
1283:
196:
was highlighted as part of media ownership concerns in September 2010 by Claire Enders, founder of media consultancy Enders Analysis, when she wrote to
984:
556:
512:
98/94 should only cover boxes which are offered to non-Sky subscribers and Pay TV subscribers on the same terms (which was disputed by Rapture TV).
382:
In March 2012, the commission signalled a change of heart after deciding it needed to extend the investigation to take into account the impact of
764:
1434:
1412:
51:
stated in 2011 that during his term as prime minister (2007–2010), News Corporation attempted to affect government policy with regard to the
890:
720:, Telegraph.co.uk, "Phone hacking scandal: News Corp forces government to refer BSkyB deal to Competition Commission," Monday 11 July 2011
696:
520:
452:
be entirely absent and that in doing so had been acting on strategic incentives unrelated to normal commercial considerations of revenue/
405:
1091:
1335:
635:
1002:
420:
On 29 April 2010, BSkyB reached an interim agreement with Ofcom to offer its flagship sports channels at a lower wholesale cost to
155:
64:
1630:
508:
This included the criticism that Sky charges all digital broadcasters a fee to subsidise their set top boxes, which according to
183:
170:
On 20 September 2012, BSkyB was found "fit and proper" to retain a licence to broadcast by the British Office of Communications (
59:
1575:
1413:"Investigation into a complaint by Virgin against Sky in relation to the contract for wholesale supply of Sky Sports 1 and 2 HD"
966:
712:
582:
1557:
1069:
609:
1313:
1043:
516:
103:
1435:"Investigation into a complaint by BT against Sky in relation to the contract for wholesale supply of Sky Sports 1 and 2"
1114:
740:
839:
1390:
870:
709:, Independent.co.uk, "Rupert on the run: News Corp's UK future in doubt as MPs turn on Murdoch," Thursday 14 July 2011
1539:
1514:
751:
480:
118:
in pursuit of BSkyB's own commercial interests. He went further, in a speech in Parliament on 13 July 2011, stating:
1480:
1137:
852:
1625:
1044:"Hansard, House of Commons Debates 13 July 2011:Rupert Murdoch and News Corporation Bid for BSkyB (Column 416-417)"
781:
333:
209:
201:
189:
148:
131:
and satellite infrastructure market, and to reduce the power of their regulator, Ofcom. I rejected those policies."
111:
79:
1235:
921:
243:, also opposed the deal, with hundreds of thousands of its members signing petitions targeting the UK government.
1163:
1261:
1605:
1591:
1287:
1021:
803:
698:, Hansard: "Opposition Day - Rupert Murdoch and News Corporation Bid for BSkyB," 13th July 2011 - Column 400
742:, Guardian.co.uk, "BSkyB shares fall £1.8bn on fears about 'fit and proper' Ofcom test," Friday 8 July 2011
734:
701:
1186:
988:
414:
363:
225:
1368:
509:
441:
944:
828:
794:, The Daily Telegraph - Enders Analysis founder urges Vince Cable to block Murdoch's BSkyB takeover
42:
1457:
731:, Telegraph.co.uk, "Phone hacking: Murdoch pulls News Corp bid for BSkyB," Wednesday 13 July 2011
164:
783:, Guardian Article - 'Rupert Murdoch's Sky Takeover should be blocked, Monday 13 September 2010
687:, BBC News, "Brown accuses News International of using 'known criminals,'" Tuesday 12 July 2011
498:
409:
358:
144:
33:
797:
841:, The Guardian: David Puttnam - Our Democracy is under threat if Murdoch wins control of Sky
307:
1342:
90:
no longer has any stake in the company. As of October 2018, Sky UK is now wholly owned by
8:
1006:
453:
318:
679:
1635:
1584:
1572:
1535:
1510:
970:
723:
1554:
805:, The New Statesman - Cable under pressure to block Murdoch's "Berlusconi" takeover
775:
468:
283:
87:
75:
685:
583:"Fox News Scandals, Political Influence Concerns Cast Long Shadow Over Sky Review"
1579:
1561:
896:
856:
662:"Comcast Closes Deal for Fox's Sky Stake, Owns Over 75% of European Pay-TV Giant"
216:
1208:
908:
329:
291:
127:
1592:"BBC - Press Office - Mark Thompson speech: James MacTaggart Memorial Lecture"
313:
Sky repeatedly used its lawyers to lodge complaints with the soon-to-be-rival
1619:
850:
286:
call Sky's plan "bad news for consumers," combined with representations from
279:
228:'s desire to alter broadcast regulation and its links with News Corporation.
140:
136:
123:
24:
1555:
Rapture TV's OfCom submission with regard to unfair channel carriage charges
871:"Avaaz – the online activist network that is targeting Rupert Murdoch's bid"
437:
429:
325:
299:
251:
221:
107:
48:
1022:"BSkyB makes 11th-hour submission to Ofcom and OFT in bid to halt YouView"
967:"Consumer Panel asks Ofcom to step in to resolve Virgin and BSkyB dispute"
536:
472:
386:
launching a UK-subscription VoD movie service in January and the move by
255:
236:
197:
143:
agreeing on a motion to block the bid and the deal being referred to the
250:
In October 2010, a group of media companies – accounting for a third of
1369:"War breaks out between BT and Sky over pricing of Sky Sports channels"
494:
371:
232:
205:
37:
29:
786:
476:
425:
421:
295:
259:
753:, FT.com, "Investors’ faith shaken in BSkyB bid," Friday 8 July 2011
745:
387:
328:
stated to the House of Commons, in the Parliamentary Debate on the
287:
1606:"BBC News - e-cyclopedia - Tax free: Rupert Murdoch's zero status"
1458:"BSkyB wins appeal against Ofcom over Sky Sports wholesale prices"
383:
314:
91:
83:
830:, FT urges Vince Cable to investigate News Corp's BSkyB takeover
433:
20:
1336:"Competition Appeals Tribunal rules in favour of REAL Digital"
985:"NCC demands action on dispute between Virgin Media and BSkyB"
922:"British media join forces against Murdoch takeover of BSkyB"
535:, a British holding company, BSkyB was part of a group which
502:
484:
444:
but was forced to allow access by Ofcom on 15 December 2010.
354:
337:
303:
275:
240:
193:
171:
159:
68:
1187:"BSkyB's hold on pay-TV movies should be broken, says Ofcom"
436:. On 9 November 2010, the agreement was extended to include
1548:
886:
884:
192:– which has a large ownership of the UK newspaper market –
114:, attempted to affect government policy with regard to the
636:"Sky takeover battle must go to auction, orders regulator"
515:
This concern was highlighted by the BBC Director General,
200:, UK Business Secretary, in a 20-page letter stating that
36:
in August 2012. Sky was found to have overcharged for its
1598:
1115:"BSkyB stranglehold on Hollywood movies could be at risk"
488:
278:
complained that Sky's plan to operate pay TV services on
151:
takeover proposal for BSkyB was dropped on 13 July 2011.
115:
86:
entered a rival bid in April 2018, and after an auction,
52:
1209:"Sky's movie strength cleared by Competition Commission"
881:
1138:"BSkyB told to weaken stranglehold on Hollywood movies"
265:
1066:"Ofcom refers Pay TV movies to Competition Commission"
945:"The Times hits out at BBC over BSkyB takeover letter"
690:
1129:
902:
824:
822:
177:
1566:
549:
282:
was "generating serious consumer detriment" and the
1157:
1155:
844:
765:"British Regulator Declares BSkyB 'Fit and Proper'"
899:, Rupert Murdoch's News Corp bides time on Sky bid
819:
763:Chozick, Amy; Somaiya, Ravi (20 September 2012).
1617:
1152:
487:'s control of its EPG (and threats to alter the
215:This was followed by the same argument from the
55:in pursuit of BSkyB's own commercial interests.
41:charges for listing free-to-air channels on its
1573:Rapture TV = EU Directive on Conditional Access
1341:. Real Digital. 9 November 2010. Archived from
1164:"BSkyB to face no action over TV film monopoly"
1003:"Market investigation into the pay TV industry"
610:"Comcast launches rival £22bn Sky takeover bid"
1456:Halliday, Josh; Sweney, Mark (8 August 2012).
1455:
762:
519:, in the 2010 James MacTaggart Media Guardian
224:also argued the same thing, referring to the
1092:"Sky making 'excessive profits' from movies"
1481:"Sky Sports' big budget dwarfs competitors"
910:, Ofcom to 'review' News Corp bid for BSkyB
521:Edinburgh International Television Festival
1500:
1498:
1391:"Ofcom allows CAM reception of Sky Sports"
868:
808:
208:moment" for the UK", referring to Italy's
58:In June 2010, News Corporation launched a
1534:. London: Harper Perennial. p. 191.
1509:. London: Harper Perennial. p. 190.
1189:. London: Guardian News and Media Limited
1166:. London: Guardian News and Media Limited
1140:. London: Guardian News and Media Limited
1117:. London: Guardian News and Media Limited
1024:. London: Guardian News and Media Limited
859:, 38 Degrees: Vince - Stand up to Murdoch
1258:"Delivering consumer benefits in Pay TV"
1135:
942:
816:, FT - Cable should call Murdoch to heel
633:
406:fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory
67:. The British Office of Communications (
65:News International phone hacking scandal
1523:
1495:
1483:. London: Guardian News & Media Ltd
1478:
1460:. London: Guardian News & Media Ltd
1371:. London: Guardian News & Media Ltd
1112:
919:
833:
340:that the company was anti-competitive:
184:News Corporation takeover bid for BSkyB
110:, claimed that BSkyB's majority owner,
97:
1618:
1312:. BSkyB. 14 April 2010. Archived from
1286:. BSkyB. 31 March 2010. Archived from
1260:. Ofcom. 31 March 2010. Archived from
1236:"Sky escapes pay-TV film restrictions"
1233:
1184:
1161:
1068:. Ofcom. 4 August 2010. Archived from
1019:
659:
607:
462:
1393:. Broadband TV News. 15 December 2010
947:. London: Guardian News and Media Ltd
924:. London: Guardian News and Media Ltd
1529:
1504:
1366:
1310:"BSkyB reaches agreement at the CAT"
557:"21st Century Fox Agrees to Buy Sky"
266:Competition and vertical integration
139:– including all main parties in the
19:Controversy over Sky's operation of
1284:"BSkyB responds to Ofcom statement"
943:Robinson, James (13 October 2010).
634:Waterson, Jim (20 September 2018).
32:service. Sky was exonerated by the
13:
1113:Garside, Juliette (25 July 2011).
660:Clarke, Stewart (9 October 2018).
178:News Corporation takeover bid 2010
14:
1647:
1136:Halliday, Josh (19 August 2011).
481:Independent Television Commission
1479:Sabbagh, Dan (11 October 2010).
1234:McCabe, Maisie (2 August 2012).
1020:Sweney, Mark (13 October 2010).
920:Sabbagh, Dan (11 October 2010).
869:Pilkington, Ed (24 April 2011).
526:
497:lodged complaints with both the
210:concentration of media ownership
1472:
1449:
1427:
1405:
1383:
1360:
1328:
1302:
1276:
1250:
1227:
1201:
1178:
1106:
1084:
1058:
1036:
1013:
1005:. 20 March 2007. Archived from
995:
977:
969:. 14 March 2006. Archived from
959:
936:
913:
862:
756:
254:and the BBC – jointly wrote to
135:As a result of the furore over
1631:Politics of the United Kingdom
1185:Sweney, Mark (20 April 2012).
1094:. Digital Spy. 8 February 2011
987:. 1 March 2007. Archived from
653:
627:
608:Sweney, Mark (25 April 2018).
601:
575:
483:in the early 1990s, regarding
1:
1367:Wray, Richard (1 July 2010).
1046:. Parliament.uk. 13 July 2011
542:
408:terms". Ofcom also asked the
270:
1162:Sweney, Mark (23 May 2012).
539:over the decade up to 1999.
7:
471:Director of Programmes and
415:Competition Appeal Tribunal
10:
1652:
479:, an investigation by the
181:
855:17 September 2010 at the
442:conditional-access module
398:
284:National Consumer Council
158:, the UK media regulator
156:phone hacking revelations
348:
102:On 12 July 2011, former
43:electronic program guide
1626:Criticisms of companies
1578:29 October 2009 at the
1560:29 October 2009 at the
1532:Greg Dyke: Inside Story
1507:Greg Dyke: Inside Story
499:Competition Commission
410:Competition Commission
359:Competition Commission
346:
145:Competition Commission
133:
104:British Prime Minister
34:Competition Commission
342:
120:
895:24 July 2010 at the
533:Newscorp Investments
467:According to former
324:On 13 July 2011, MP
308:vertical integration
235:began a petition to
226:Coalition Government
98:Political corruption
1530:Dyke, Greg (2004).
1505:Dyke, Greg (2004).
1348:on 14 December 2010
463:BSkyB's EPG charges
454:profit maximisation
165:UK Broadcasting Act
769:The New York Times
353:On 4 August 2010,
78:(the successor to
1009:on 20 April 2010.
563:. 9 December 2016
475:Chief Executive,
1643:
1610:
1609:
1602:
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1326:
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1306:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1290:on 23 April 2010
1280:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1264:on 6 August 2010
1254:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1238:. Brand Republic
1231:
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1205:
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1072:on 6 August 2010
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579:
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553:
334:News Corporation
202:News Corporation
190:News Corporation
154:In light of the
149:News Corporation
112:News Corporation
88:21st Century Fox
80:News Corporation
76:21st Century Fox
1651:
1650:
1646:
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1642:
1641:
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1580:Wayback Machine
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1562:Wayback Machine
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589:. 29 June 2017
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430:Virgin Media
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222:Lord Puttnam
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108:Gordon Brown
101:
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60:takeover bid
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619:2 September
567:11 December
537:avoided tax
531:As part of
473:Pearson PLC
262:editorial.
256:Vince Cable
237:Vince Cable
198:Vince Cable
188:As part of
128:Mrs Brooks’
16:Media focus
1620:Categories
1487:11 October
1375:9 November
1352:9 November
1098:8 February
1028:14 October
951:13 October
928:13 October
543:References
495:Rapture TV
372:Sky Movies
357:asked the
271:Television
233:38 Degrees
206:Berlusconi
38:Sky Sports
30:Sky Movies
1636:Sky Group
1441:17 August
1419:17 August
1144:19 August
877:. London.
671:29 August
477:Greg Dyke
426:Top Up TV
422:BT Vision
364:Hollywood
319:Google TV
296:Top Up TV
1576:Archived
1558:Archived
1464:9 August
1242:2 August
1219:2 August
1213:BBC News
1076:4 August
893:Archived
853:Archived
388:LoveFilm
336:Bid for
280:Freeview
25:Freeview
1437:. Ofcom
1415:. Ofcom
1320:14 June
1294:14 June
1268:14 June
1121:28 July
1050:14 July
666:Variety
593:29 June
587:Variety
384:Netflix
367:Ofcom.
315:YouView
302:caused
292:Setanta
92:Comcast
84:Comcast
45:(EPG).
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1170:23 May
434:escrow
399:Sports
298:, and
147:– the
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503:Ofcom
485:BSkyB
355:Ofcom
349:Films
338:BSkyB
304:Ofcom
276:Ofcom
260:Times
241:Avaaz
194:BSkyB
172:Ofcom
160:Ofcom
69:Ofcom
1536:ISBN
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673:2019
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595:2017
569:2016
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