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of our lifelong friendship." Cristóbal
Mendoza died in Caracas on 8 February 1829. Mendoza's funeral took place on 9 February 1829 in the Church of San Pablo (now Santa Teresa). He was initially buried in the "Brothers of San Pedro" (Corner of Canons). Years later, he was buried in the Church of Altagracia (Iglesia de Altagracia). In October 2014, a legislator of the Legislative Council of Trujillo state proposed that Mendoza's remains be moved to the
482:, with Mendoza making his entrance into the city of Caracas on 6 August 1813. In Caracas, Mendoza formally proposed holding the Open Meeting held on 14 October 1813 where Bolivar was granted the title Liberator. A popular assembly on 2 January 1814 ratified Bolivar as the supreme commander of the Liberation Army (Ejército Libertador) fighting for independence from Spanish rule. In July 1814, the forces of
389:
his brother Luis
Ignacio Mendoza were among those elected to represent the province of Barinas when the Constituent Congress of Venezuela was founded on 2 March 2011. Mendoza was not given the opportunity serve in the congress, however, before he was informed he had been appointed as president of the
425:
and was unanimously elected by the other two as the first to go in rotation on 5 March 1811. With Manuel Moreno de
Mendoza serving as the interim first president in his absence, Mendoza arrived in Caracas to begin serving his first week-long term on 25 April 1811. As part of the triumvirate, Mendoza
593:
With ailing health, in the middle of 1828 he resigned from his post as intendant, retiring to the outskirts of
Caracas. On his deathbed, he wrote his political will in a letter to Bolívar where he stated his possessions as being "the remembrance of my weak services for the republic and the memories
565:
that was opposed to
Bolivar's unification movement in South America. While in his new position, Mendoza tried and failed to quell tensions between opposing parties in Venezuela, in an effort to avoid more conflict and civil war. He also failed in convincing Caracas not to join the insurrection plan
402:
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elite against the
Spanish crown. In May 1810, he was elected the secretary of the newly created Board of Local Government of Barinas, and he also led a movement among Caracas' wealthy citizens with the slogan "Peace and tranquility are our desires. Die or be free is our currency." Both Mendoza and
231:
in 1796 to practice law, and in 1807 was elected Mayor of
Barinas. In 1810, Mendoza joined the insurgent movement started by wealthy Caracan citizens against the Spanish crown, and in 1811 was elected to represent the province of Barinas in the newly founded Constituent Congress of Venezuela. Days
528:
and
Caracas as an alternative to the railway, although the project failed to materialize. Although not a candidate, he was the most voted person to serve as the vice president of the Department of Venezuela (Vicepresidencia del Departamento de Venezuela) in 1825. In 1826, he and
577:
After
Bolivar again secured power in Caracas and conflict between the factions abated, Bolivar invited Mendoza to return to Venezuela. Bolivar appointed Mendoza Mayor of the Department of Venezuela, a role Medoza kept until resigning in the middle of 1828. According to essayist
516:(now Venezuela), a title which can also be translated president of the Superior Court of Justice of the department of Venezuela (Corte Superior de Justicia del departamento de Venezuela). While in this role, Mendoza continued to study law and history, while also editing
289:, in 1827 Bolivar re-appointed him Mayor of the Department of Venezuela, a role Medoza kept until resigning in the middle of 1828. In commemoration of Mendoza, in 1972, Venezuela enacted National Lawyer Day (Día Nacional del Abogado) on Mendoza's birth date of 23 June.
688:, in appreciation of his intellectual and moral values, appointed him Foreign Secretary of the first government of the Republic of Cuba in Arms. His brother Tomás, who was also a journalist and who in the ranks mambises acted as assistant secretary of General
305:
on 23 June 1772 to his parents Luis
Bernardo Hurtado de Mendoza y Valera and Gertrudis Eulalia Montilla y Briceño. He was educated by his father in a Franciscan Monastery under the tutelage of Friar Antonio de Pereira. At the age of 16, he was sent to
524:. Mendoza resigned from his role as Justice Minister in 1825 and again went into private practice, his firm meeting with mixed success. He dedicated himself to civic projects as well, for example promoting the construction of a highway between
379:
and helping invest their profits in several agricultural properties. In January 1807, he was elected Mayor of Barinas by the Council of Barinas. After charges of nepotism in the election process that had led to Mendoza's appointment, the
1084:
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initiated by Bolivar in Trujillo on 15 June 1813, Mendoza served multiple functions, including "political administration, taxes, provisions, stores and changing rooms for the army, hospitals, civic patrolling and surveillance of spies."
341:
After obtaining his doctorate, Mendoza returned to Venezuela in his early twenties to begin working in his hometown. He first worked in the law office of Antonio Nicolás Briceño in Trujillo, and in the city of
236:, a role he shared as part of a triumvirate. Until his term ended in March 1812, Mendoza began the war for independence against the parts of Venezuela that still supported the Spanish monarchy, authored the
661:
from Caracas in late 1796, where he married Juana Mendez Mendoza Briceño. He was widowed shortly after, and in the early nineteenth century, he remarried Maria Regina Montilla of Pumar, a relation of
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853:
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in December 1811. In March 1812, a second presidential triumvirate was appointed, with Mendoza, Juan Escalona and Baltazar Padron resigning and Fernando Toro, Francisco Javier Ustáriz and
393:
as of 5 March 1811. At the time of being appointed to president, he had been preparing to travel to Caracas while also fulfilling his duties with the newly formed Board of Governors.
1032:
314:, where he earned a bachelor of arts degree in philosophy in 1791. He studied for his master's degree at the university until 1793. He afterwards began attending university in
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In 1972, Venezuela enacted National Lawyer Day (Día Nacional del Abogado) on Mendoza's birth date of 23 June in commemoration of Mendoza. The holiday was enacted by president
500:. Under that pseudonym he also published articles on both civic and international political issues, in particular arguing against efforts to found monarchies in the Americas.
584:"The mere announcement of rigorous tax measures strikes fear into the hearts of civil servants like the Intendant Cristóbal Mendoza, who suddenly tendered his resignation."
494:. Between 1819 and 1820, while in Trinidad Mendoza supported the cause of the Republic of Venezuela by writing newspaper articles under the pseudonym "a patriot" for the
639:, and he collected documents on Bolivar's public life, publishing 20 small volumes of the documents between 1824 and 1828. Bolivar purportedly stated about Mendoza that
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in 1795 he practiced law with Juan Marimón y Henríquez e Hipólito Elías González. In 1795 he briefly taught as a professor of philosophy at the seminary college of
1168:
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on 27 November 1826, with his family remaining in Caracas. Bolivar returned to Caracas at the end of 1826, and peace was restored in the city by January 1827.
1712:
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665:. He had been widowed a second time by 1810. On 14 August 1811, Mendoza married for the third time to Gertrudis Buroz Tovar. Mendoza procreated 17 children.
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1062:
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in which three men shared executive power and rotated the presidency every week. At age 39, Mendoza became a member of the triumvirate that headed the
1261:
557:, Mendoza was appointed Mayor of the Department of Venezuela (Intendente del Departamento de Venezuela). His appointment occurred during the time of
462:, becoming Bolivar's aide as Bolivar was preparing to fight the Spanish for the liberation of Venezuela. Bolivar appointed Mendoza the governor of
1955:
466:, a city that had joined Bolivar's cause that May, with Mendoza entering the city on 23 May 1813. Mendoza also became governor of the province of
1106:
350:. Mendoza eventually moved to Caracas to finish his academic and vocational training in law, and he had the lawyer title conferred to him by the
512:
assured Venezuelan independence in June 1821, Mendoza returned to Caracas with his family in late 1821. He was designated Justice Minister of
2245:
426:
began the war for independence against the parts of Venezuela that still supported the Spanish monarchy. He also was the author of the
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ruled in favor of Mendoza retaining the governorship in 1808. On 19 April 1810, Mendoza joined the insurgent movement started by the
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430:, issued on 5 July 1811. While in office he formed part of the constitutional convention that designed and promulgated the
1720:
347:
983:
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199:, was a Venezuelan lawyer, politician, writer, and academic. Cristobal is best known for serving as the first official
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558:
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in May 1813, and Mendoza was appointed governor of Caracas several months later. Fleeing Venezuela again in 1814 when
1938:
1017:
641:"you are the man I admire most in this world, because you carry and retain the model of virtue and helpful goodness."
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conquered Caracas. Mendoza and his family escaped and went into exile, and after touring a number of islands in the
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1959:
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241:
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at the request of the Federation of Associations of Venezuela (Federación de Colegios de Abogados de Venezuela).
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Cristóbal Mendoza supported a federation of Latin American republics. He opposed the separatist efforts of
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278:
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Collection of documents relating to the public life of the Liberator of Colombia and Peru, Simon Bolivar.
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259:'s effort to liberate South America from Spanish rule. Bolivar appointed Mendoza the governor of
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1878:
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624:, the triumvirate presidential model Mendoza helped initiate in 1811 was "bitterly criticized by
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1963:
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582:, Mendoza's resignation was potentially motivated by new tax measures, with Britto writing
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aimed at dissolving Bolivar's Gran Colombia. Mendoza was exiled from Venezuela by General
8:
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2007:
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published the first major study of Bolivar and his time, with the first edition entitled
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2002:
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417:, the first Venezuelan constitutional congress established as the executive power a
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632:, ideology of liberal constitutionalism which prevailed in the United States...."
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2017:
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692:. Both Cristóbal and Tomás Mendoza gave their lives on the battlefields of Cuba.
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1085:"Historians do not know that the first president of Venezuela was margariteño"
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under Spanish rule and fought for the independence of the island during the
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appointed Mendoza as Mayor of the Department of Venezuela in the empire of
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271:, where from 1819 and 1820 he was an active political writer for the
219:, early in his professional career he served in various law firms in
155:
610:
Plaza Cristobal Mendoza in Trujillo, showcasing a statue of Mendoza.
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from 1811 to 1812. After earning a master's degree in philosophy in
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680:(1868–1878). Cristóbal Mendoza Durán, who worked as journalist in
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In April 1826, under the will of Gran Colombia Vice President
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José Cristóbal Hurtado de Mendoza y Montilla was born in the
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1004:
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1000:
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Plaque to Cristobal Mendoza in his birthplace of Trujillo
1169:"Christopher Mendoza must rest in the National Pantheon"
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1198:
Cristobal de Mendoza biography – www.venezuelatuya.com
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Bolívar appointed Mendoza governor of the province of
1132:"El pensamiento del Libertador – Economía y Sociedad"
1123:
976:"Christopher Mendoza First President of the Republic"
16:
Venezuelan lawyer, politician, and writer (1772–1829)
718:
454:
in 1813. After that, Mendoza moved to the island of
396:
195:(23 June 1772 – 8 February 1829), commonly known as
1171:. Diario el Tiempo. 11 October 2014. Archived from
1156:
854:"Christopher Mendoza: First President of Venezuela"
1063:"June 23, 1772: Birth of Don Cristobal de Mendoza"
1008:Briceño Perozo, Mario. "Mendoza, Cristóbal de" in
232:later he was appointed the first president of the
1692:Acting / interim / caretaker presidents shown in
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371:After obtaining his law degree, Mendoza moved to
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504:1821–1826: Justice Minister and private practice
51:1st President of the First Republic of Venezuela
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695:Other descendants of Cristobal Mendoza include
541:1826–1828: Mayor of the Department of Venezuela
432:first Constitution of the Republic of Venezuela
242:first Constitution of the Republic of Venezuela
1022:
961:
1728:
1255:
1129:
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871:
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2241:People of the Venezuelan War of Independence
851:
375:, where he became known for defending local
358:in late 1796 and continued to practice law.
193:José Cristóbal Hurtado de Mendoza y Montilla
110:José Cristóbal Hurtado de Mendoza y Montilla
635:Mendoza was a loyal and trusted advisor to
367:1807–1809: Governor of Barinas and Congress
292:
1956:Bolívar's campaign to liberate New Granada
1735:
1721:
1262:
1248:
1012:, Vol. 3. Caracas: Fundación Polar, 1999.
405:Official portrait of Cristóbal Mendoza by
31:
442:1813–1820: Governor of Mérida and Caracas
240:, and also took part in constructing the
605:
544:
400:
852:Enrique Vera, Viloria (19 April 2015).
684:, later joined the Liberating Army and
2223:
1841:Venezuelan Declaration of Independence
537:Mendoza published 22 volumes overall.
428:Venezuelan Declaration of Independence
238:Venezuelan Declaration of Independence
1835:Colombian Declaration of Independence
1716:
1243:
415:Spanish American wars of independence
63:5 March 1811 – 21 March 1812
1060:
1010:Diccionario de Historia de Venezuela
446:The First Republic fell following a
285:. After a short exile under General
267:conquered Caracas, Mendoza moved to
1087:. Reporte Confidential. 6 July 2012
618:, and according to the publication
601:
561:, a separatist movement founded by
458:. He joined the cause of Brigadier
361:
13:
1701:as "interim president" during the
1107:"Venezuela Battle of Carabobo Day"
14:
2267:
2246:Viceroyalty of New Granada people
1939:Spanish reconquest of New Granada
1191:
397:1811–1812: President of Venezuela
338:(Doctor of Canon and Civil Law).
1795:Military career of Simón Bolívar
1744:
1681:
721:
652:
178:
1847:United Provinces of New Granada
1145:
737:List of presidents of Venezuela
1805:Venezuelan War of Independence
1800:Ecuadorian War of Independence
1772:Captaincy General of Venezuela
1703:Venezuelan presidential crisis
1099:
596:National Pantheon of Venezuela
1:
1226:5 March 1811 – 21 March 1812
1061:Nava, Melvin (28 June 2010).
757:
354:on 10 July 1796. He moved to
322:, where in 1794 obtained his
166:Juana Mendoza Briceño Mendez
2236:Vice presidents of Venezuela
2043:Francisco de Paula Santander
1853:Second Republic of Venezuela
1130:Britto Garcia, Luis (2010).
570:, and fled to the island of
555:Francisco de Paula Santander
279:Francisco de Paula Santander
168:Maria Regina Montilla Pumar
79:Captain General of Venezuela
7:
1859:Third Republic of Venezuela
1829:First Republic of Venezuela
714:
423:First Republic of Venezuela
391:First Republic of Venezuela
255:, and soon after he joined
234:First Republic of Venezuela
227:, and Caracas. He moved to
10:
2272:
2209:Decree of War to the Death
2167:Juan Domingo de Monteverde
2126:Luisa Cáceres de Arismendi
2028:José Miguel Pey de Andrade
1766:Viceroyalty of New Granada
348:San Buenaventura de Mérida
310:to complete his education
127:Viceroyalty of New Granada
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2144:
2051:
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1948:
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686:Carlos Manuel de Cespedes
413:In March 1811 during the
352:Real Audiencia of Caracas
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105:
100:
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84:
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45:
30:
23:
2038:Manuel Rodríguez Torices
1768:(1717–1723), (1739-1819)
1037:www.biografiasyvidas.com
701:Eduardo Mendoza Goiticoa
647:Rafael Caldera Rodriguez
588:
450:invasion led by Captain
293:Early life and education
2231:Presidents of Venezuela
2177:Daniel Florence O'Leary
2136:José Antonio Anzoátegui
2121:Juan Bautista Arismendi
1879:Republic of New Granada
1778:Peninsular War in Spain
518:El Observador Caraqueño
247:In 1813 Mendoza fled a
75:Francisco Tomás Morales
2182:José Prudencio Padilla
1960:Las Queseras del Medio
1271:President of Venezuela
1222:President of Venezuela
1033:"Cristobal de Mendoza"
944:"Cristobal de Mendoza"
747:Elections in Venezuela
611:
550:
531:Francisco Javier Yánez
522:Francisco Javier Yanes
410:
336:doctor utriusque juris
299:Trujillo city and area
251:invasion and moved to
209:doctor utriusque juris
201:President of Venezuela
2086:Antonio José de Sucre
948:www.venezuelatuya.com
752:Politics of Venezuela
663:Jose Ignacio of Pumar
609:
548:
452:Domingo de Monteverde
404:
211:(Doctor of Canon and
2066:Francisco de Miranda
1039:. Biografias y Vidas
598:as a national hero.
407:Martín Tovar y Tovar
170:Gertudis Buroz Tovar
73:Office established;
2203:Carmañola Americana
2162:Juan Manuel Cajigal
2008:Benito Salas Vargas
984:Entorno Inteligente
858:Venezuela Analitica
742:List of Venezuelans
630:Cartagena Manifesto
621:Entorno Inteligente
2187:Miguel de la Torre
1917:Admirable Campaign
1911:Magdalena campaign
1697:Recognized by the
1206:Political offices
612:
580:Luis Britto Garcia
551:
510:Battle of Carabobo
497:Correo del Orinoco
411:
320:Dominican Republic
274:Correo del Orinoco
217:Dominican Republic
2218:
2217:
2157:Louis-Michel Aury
2106:Cristóbal Mendoza
2071:José Antonio Páez
2023:José María Obando
1989:
1988:
1927:Alto de los Godos
1710:
1709:
1699:National Assembly
1238:
1237:
1229:Succeeded by
1175:on 13 August 2016
1119:on 13 March 2014.
690:Manuel de Quesada
657:Mendoza moved to
616:José Antonio Páez
568:Jose Antonio Paez
563:José Antonio Páez
312:at the university
287:Jose Antonio Paez
197:Cristóbal Mendoza
190:
189:
25:Cristóbal Mendoza
2263:
2152:José Tomás Boves
2111:Mariano Montilla
2096:Carlos Soublette
2081:José Félix Ribas
2033:Antonio Ricaurte
1895:
1894:
1749:
1748:
1737:
1730:
1723:
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1685:
1570:Suárez Flamerich
1564:Delgado Chalbaud
1264:
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1241:
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1232:Francisco Espejo
1214:Preceded by
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1115:. Archived from
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729:Venezuela portal
726:
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602:Views and legacy
484:José Tomás Boves
472:War to the Death
436:Francisco Espejo
362:Political career
328:canonical rights
324:doctorate degree
265:José Tomás Boves
182:
143:
119:
117:
101:Personal details
91:Francisco Espejo
87:
70:
61:
35:
21:
20:
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2191:
2140:
2101:Santiago Mariño
2091:Rafael Urdaneta
2053:
2047:
2013:Joaquín Camacho
1995:
1985:
1962:, April 1819 –
1944:
1935:(December 1813)
1923:, February 1813
1890:
1884:
1815:
1809:
1783:
1754:
1743:
1741:
1711:
1706:
1696:
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1544:López Contreras
1489:Villegas Pulido
1278:
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1217:
1208:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1178:
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1167:
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1157:
1152:www.2001.com.ve
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722:
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705:Lorenzo Mendoza
697:Eugenio Mendoza
655:
604:
591:
543:
506:
444:
399:
369:
364:
295:
169:
167:
153:
145:
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140:8 February 1829
121:
115:
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85:
68:
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57:
41:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2269:
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2206:
2199:
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1999:
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1991:
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1980:Lake Maracaibo
1977:
1971:
1970:, August 1819)
1966:, July 1819 –
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1819:
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1740:
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1576:Pérez Jiménez
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1360:J. T. Monagas
1358:
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1355:J. G. Monagas
1353:
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1350:J. T. Monagas
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678:Ten Years War
675:
672:emigrated to
671:
666:
664:
660:
653:Personal life
650:
648:
643:
642:
638:
637:Simon Bolivar
633:
631:
627:
626:Simon Bolivar
623:
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569:
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514:Gran Colombia
511:
501:
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498:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
473:
470:. During the
469:
465:
461:
460:Simon Bolivar
457:
453:
449:
439:
437:
433:
429:
424:
420:
416:
408:
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394:
392:
387:
383:
378:
377:tribal groups
374:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
339:
337:
334:, becoming a
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:Santo Domingo
313:
309:
304:
300:
290:
288:
284:
283:Gran Colombia
280:
276:
275:
270:
266:
262:
258:
257:Simon Bolivar
254:
250:
245:
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214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
185:
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177:
173:
165:
161:
157:
152:
151:Gran Colombia
148:
139:
135:
132:
128:
124:
108:
104:
99:
95:
92:
89:
83:
80:
76:
72:
66:
60:
55:
52:
48:
44:
40:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2116:Pedro Camejo
2105:
1964:Vargas Swamp
1753:independence
1693:
1670:
1653:
1636:
1629:
1587:
1580:
1568:
1521:
1514:
1487:
1480:
1463:
1441:
1424:
1412:
1405:
1388:
1376:
1364:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1306:
1294:
1220:
1216:New creation
1207:
1177:. Retrieved
1173:the original
1147:
1135:. Retrieved
1125:
1117:the original
1110:
1101:
1089:. Retrieved
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1041:. Retrieved
1036:
1009:
987:. Retrieved
980:23 June 2016
979:
951:. Retrieved
947:
861:. Retrieved
694:
667:
656:
644:
640:
634:
619:
613:
592:
583:
576:
572:Saint Thomas
552:
534:
517:
507:
495:
477:
445:
412:
370:
340:
332:civil rights
296:
272:
246:
196:
192:
191:
142:(1829-02-08)
120:23 June 1772
86:Succeeded by
58:
37:Portrait by
18:
2256:1829 deaths
2251:1772 births
2076:Manuel Piar
1982:(July 1823)
1976:(June 1821)
1929:, May 1813)
1913:(1812-1813)
1907:(June 1812)
1905:La Victoria
1867:(1819–31) (
1780:(1808–1814)
1774:(1777–1821)
1516:Gil Fortoul
1112:Answers.com
1065:. Venelogia
668:Two of his
520:along with
490:, moved to
488:West Indies
419:triumvirate
382:Royal Court
277:. In 1826,
69:Preceded by
39:Juan Lovera
2225:Categories
2131:Luis Brión
2052:Venezuelan
1958:(1819–20:
1759:Background
1705:until 2023
1595:Betancourt
1582:Larrazábal
1554:Betancourt
1283:Since 1830
758:References
559:El Cosiata
508:After the
116:1772-06-23
1994:Colombian
1941:(1815–16)
1875:Venezuela
1861:(1817–19)
1855:(1813–14)
1849:(1811–16)
1831:(1810–12)
1814:Political
1638:Velásquez
1505:C. Castro
1372:J. Castro
1345:Soublette
1334:Soublette
1179:11 August
1137:11 August
1091:11 August
1069:11 August
1043:11 August
989:11 August
953:12 August
863:11 August
670:grandsons
526:La Guaira
303:Venezuela
215:) in the
213:Civil Law
175:Signature
163:Spouse(s)
156:Venezuela
59:In office
1974:Carabobo
1889:Military
1788:Overview
1625:C. Pérez
1620:Lusinchi
1610:C. Pérez
1589:Sanabria
1559:Gallegos
1534:J. Pérez
1482:Villegas
1465:H. López
1426:Villegas
1414:Villegas
1320:Narvarte
1296:Narvarte
715:See also
682:Camagüey
492:Trinidad
448:royalist
326:in both
269:Trinidad
249:royalist
221:Trujillo
207:and his
123:Trujillo
2054:figures
1996:figures
1949:1819–23
1919:(1813:
1898:1812–16
1891:history
1881:, 1831)
1869:Ecuador
1816:history
1694:italics
1655:Cabello
1644:Caldera
1615:Herrera
1605:Caldera
1523:Márquez
1500:Andrade
1476:Andueza
1437:Linares
1407:Bruzual
1327:Carreño
1308:Carreño
659:Barinas
628:in his
480:Caracas
456:Grenada
386:Caracas
373:Barinas
356:Barinas
318:in the
308:Caracas
253:Grenada
229:Barinas
205:Caracas
147:Caracas
2211:(1813)
2205:(1797)
1968:Boyacá
1933:Araure
1921:Cúcuta
1871:, 1830
1843:(1811)
1837:(1810)
1825:(1809)
1672:Guaidó
1666:Maduro
1661:Chávez
1649:Chávez
1631:Lepage
1549:Medina
1495:Crespo
1459:Guzmán
1454:Crespo
1449:Guzmán
1443:Valera
1432:Guzmán
1401:Falcón
1314:Vargas
1302:Vargas
1016:
468:Mérida
464:Mérida
344:Mérida
261:Mérida
225:Mérida
2196:Other
1600:Leoni
1539:Gómez
1529:Gómez
1510:Gómez
1471:Rojas
1384:Tovar
589:Death
154:(now
1396:Páez
1390:Gual
1378:Gual
1366:Gual
1340:Páez
1290:Páez
1275:list
1181:2016
1139:2016
1093:2016
1071:2016
1045:2016
1014:ISBN
991:2016
955:2016
865:2016
707:and
674:Cuba
330:and
137:Died
106:Born
301:of
77:as
2227::
1158:^
1109:.
1053:^
1035:.
1024:^
999:^
982:.
978:.
963:^
946:.
873:^
856:.
766:^
711:.
703:,
699:,
244:.
223:,
149:,
129:,
125:,
1877:/
1736:e
1729:t
1722:v
1277:)
1273:(
1263:e
1256:t
1249:v
1183:.
1141:.
1095:.
1073:.
1047:.
993:.
957:.
867:.
409:.
158:)
118:)
114:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
