494:. However, some dispute the numbers as being biased high for political reasons (e.g., Texas A&M University Finance Professor H. Swint Friday: "The numbers, reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, are outrageously misleading. Often government statistics are produced for political objectives that cause the research methodology to be biased toward finding the highest dollar amount to support the objective.").
462:
Child
Poverty Action Group’s annual cost of a child report looks at how much it costs families to provide a minimum socially acceptable standard of living for their children. The 2022 report shows the cost of raising a child from birth to 18 years old as £157,562 for a couple family or £208,735 for a
38:
includes children. The calculation of the cost to raise a child in developing countries is difficult, since families often do not operate with currency, but barter or trade to provide for their children. It is argued that in developing areas the balance between earnings and costs of having children
25:
on a home does not usually change when the tenants have another child, so the family's housing costs may remain the same. In other cases, the home may be too small, in which case the family might move to a larger home at a higher cost. The formula may also account for inflation, as prices are
20:
varies widely from country to country. It is usually determined according to a formula that accounts for major areas of expenditure, such as food, housing, and clothing. However, any given family's actual expenses may differ from the estimates. For example, the
39:
is changing, because the mean number of children per couple in many developing areas has decreased dramatically, especially in Asia, North Africa and the Near East. According to a 2020 report, 356 million children – 17.5 per cent – live in extreme
54:
provides a breakdown of minimum costs per person in household, known as the "canasta básica total", this metric doesn't measure the average cost, but the minimum cost (poverty line) and is published monthly. All values are per "equivalent adult".
469:
estimates that it costs ÂŁ202,660 to raise a child from birth to 18 in the UK. This includes the cost of housing and childcare. This works out to an average approximate of ÂŁ11,250 per year, or ÂŁ938 per month.
303:
in April 2011 and adjusted to inflation for August 2022, the cost of raising a child from birth to age of majority (21 Years) for a middle to upper-middle income family comes to about
2095:
1986:
51:
291:
Data for June 2022. Exchange rate 1 US dollar is 135,7500 ARG (July 2022). This aggregates to around $ 41,501.40 from birth to 18 years old.
1927:
2773:
486:, the table below shows the estimated Average Spending on Children by Families. The data comes from the Consumer Expenditure Survey by the
1959:
2041:
2037:
2864:
2561:
2130:
1982:
34:
According to
Globalissues.org, "Almost half the world—over three billion people—live on less than US$ 2.50 a day." This
2930:
2900:
2614:
2758:
2604:
2102:
1869:
1803:
2961:
2925:
2915:
483:
2920:
2645:
2461:
2282:
1856:
2839:
2685:
2581:
2556:
2327:
2778:
2501:
2085:
2700:
2531:
2526:
1870:"Valorización mensual de la canasta básica alimentaria y de la canasta básica total. Gran Buenos Aires"
2910:
2869:
2705:
2425:
2257:
2068:
Wolf DA, Lee RD, Miller T, Donehower G, Genest A. (2011). Fiscal externalities of becoming a parent.
2277:
487:
1919:
2123:
1781:
2566:
2405:
2895:
2456:
2380:
2307:
2272:
1890:
1734:
1949:
2753:
2680:
2629:
2390:
2365:
2355:
1759:
1685:
1210:
491:
8:
2768:
2695:
2619:
2440:
2420:
2375:
2312:
2195:
2147:
2031:"Expenditures on Children by Families, 2011 (Miscellaneous Publication Number 1528-2011)"
2030:
2951:
2814:
2551:
2287:
2116:
1954:
1834:
1817:
1218:
Single-Parent Family - USDA Average
Spending per Child (not the basic cost of raising)
479:
300:
26:
constantly changing, and it will indirectly affect how much it costs to raise a child.
1248:
561:
448:
Note: Estimate assumes cost of birth, but doesn't consider any major illness in child.
2905:
2748:
2670:
2650:
2521:
2400:
2395:
2360:
2337:
2267:
2252:
1839:
516:
Dual-Parent Family - USDA Average
Spending per Child (not the basic cost of raising)
2788:
2624:
2599:
2591:
2347:
2231:
2210:
2073:
1829:
1739:
1699:
498:
2008:
490:, conducted from 2005-06. The figures have been updated to 2011 dollars using the
2956:
2819:
2738:
2575:
2536:
2435:
2185:
1744:
1704:
501:. Nor does it offer any spending estimates if the child remains in the home as a
1818:"The social and cultural consequences of being childless in poor-resource areas"
2879:
2859:
2854:
2844:
2804:
2481:
2410:
2200:
1729:
536:
2945:
2874:
2783:
2728:
2723:
2665:
2496:
2332:
2317:
2302:
2215:
2175:
1754:
1749:
1719:
509:
2824:
2675:
2660:
2516:
2506:
2292:
2096:"Cost of raising children not as high as government would have you believe"
1983:"Cost of raising children not as high as government would have you believe"
1843:
2834:
2809:
2655:
2491:
2476:
2262:
2190:
2180:
2849:
2743:
2546:
2471:
2415:
2385:
2322:
2220:
1714:
1709:
551:
59:
Monthly values of the "canasta básica total" for
Greater Buenos Aires
2540:
2511:
2486:
2370:
2225:
2139:
1724:
556:
502:
466:
35:
497:
These figures from the USDA go up to age 18, and do not include any
2829:
2763:
2170:
541:
2466:
2430:
2089:
40:
22:
2690:
2609:
2205:
2165:
2160:
2155:
546:
783:
Before-tax income: $ 59,410 to $ 102,870 (Average = $ 79,940)
995:
Before-tax income: More than $ 102,870 (Average = $ 180,040)
526:
2108:
2297:
2105:" - from Globe Life Insurance, retrieved September 11, 2013
571:
Before-tax income: Less than $ 59,410 (Average = $ 38,000)
531:
330:
1470:
Before-tax income: $ 59,410 or more (Average = $ 107,820)
512:
overall, not based on any specific region in the country.
2571:
1258:
Before-tax income: Less than 40,410 (Average = $ 18,350)
314:
1.2 crore or US$ 150,000 in 2023) in total.
321:
Cost of raising a child in India (as of August, 2022)
69:(converted to US dollars via official exchange rate)
2086:"Raising that '07 baby will cost $ 204,060 in U.S."
1802:Martin Ravallion, Shaohua Chen and Prem Sangraula,
1950:"How much will it cost to raise a child in 2023?"
2943:
2074:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2011.00410.x
2124:
2040:, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion.
2098:- from caller.com, retrieved March 31, 2013.
2131:
2117:
2024:
2022:
1833:
1815:
2038:United States Department of Agriculture
2019:
1850:
29:
2944:
1980:
1883:
1469:
1257:
994:
782:
570:
452:
2112:
2009:"Cost of Raising Children Calculator"
1816:Balen, F. van; Bos, H. M. W. (2009).
1252:
1247:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
565:
560:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
335:
328:
1989:from the original on 19 January 2008
1930:from the original on 9 November 2022
1779:
1891:"How much it cost to raise a child"
1857:State of the World's Children, 2021
13:
2931:Parents Against Child Exploitation
2103:Cost of Raising Children in the US
2063:
1981:Friday, H. Swint (July 20, 2007).
1962:from the original on 16 March 2023
1822:Facts, Views & Vision in ObGyn
14:
2973:
2901:Mothers Apart from Their Children
2079:
2047:from the original on 10 July 2012
1780:Shah, Anup (September 20, 2010).
457:
2028:
473:
2759:Management of domestic violence
2605:Corporal punishment in the home
2001:
1900:. Economic Times. 18 April 2011
499:college or university education
2916:National Fatherhood Initiative
1974:
1942:
1912:
1862:
1809:
1796:
1773:
484:U.S. Department of Agriculture
1:
2921:National Parents Organization
2646:Adverse childhood experiences
2138:
1920:"The cost of a child in 2022"
1766:
317:Cost break up is as follows:
2686:Effects of domestic violence
2328:Social emotional development
46:
43:(less than US$ 1.90 a day).
7:
2502:Identification (psychology)
2092:, retrieved August 5, 2012.
1692:
10:
2978:
2926:Parent–teacher association
2701:Parental abuse by children
2582:Positive Parenting Program
2532:Parent management training
2527:Normative social influence
1924:Child Poverty Action Group
1648:
1619:
1590:
1561:
1532:
1503:
1474:
1436:
1407:
1378:
1349:
1320:
1291:
1262:
1173:
1144:
1115:
1086:
1057:
1028:
999:
961:
932:
903:
874:
845:
816:
787:
749:
720:
691:
662:
633:
604:
575:
417:
406:
395:
384:
373:
362:
351:
340:
2911:National Childbirth Trust
2888:
2797:
2714:
2706:Stress in early childhood
2638:
2590:
2449:
2426:Taking children seriously
2346:
2258:Applied behavior analysis
2241:
2146:
1782:"Poverty Facts and Stats"
2567:The talk (sex education)
2278:Developmental psychology
508:Both tables are for the
488:U.S. Department of Labor
463:single parent/guardian.
299:Based on an estimate by
294:
2774:Parental responsibility
2734:Cost of raising a child
18:cost of raising a child
1806:, World Bank, May 2008
1804:Dollar a day revisited
2962:Demographic economics
2896:Families Need Fathers
2457:After-school activity
2381:Concerted cultivation
2376:Buddha-like parenting
2308:Nature versus nurture
2273:Cognitive development
1735:Demographic economics
505:after the age of 18.
2754:Right to family life
2681:Dysfunctional family
2391:Free-range parenting
2366:Attachment parenting
2356:Achievement ideology
1760:Middle-class squeeze
492:Consumer Price Index
329:Estimated cost (Rs.
30:Developing countries
2769:Parental alienation
2696:Narcissistic parent
2620:Positive discipline
2441:Work at home parent
2421:Strict father model
2406:Nurturant parenting
2313:Parental investment
2148:Kinship terminology
1958:. 2 February 2023.
1926:. 8 November 2022.
1684:All numbers are in
1219:
1209:All numbers are in
517:
453:Developed countries
322:
60:
2815:T. Berry Brazelton
2552:Social integration
2288:Identity formation
1955:Liverpool Victoria
1217:
515:
320:
58:
2939:
2938:
2749:Family disruption
2671:Cinderella effect
2651:Child abandonment
2625:Tactical ignoring
2522:Moral development
2401:Helicopter parent
2396:Gatekeeper parent
2361:Atlas personality
2338:Social psychology
2283:Human development
2268:Child development
2253:Attachment theory
2072:, 37(2): 241-66.
1689:
1681:
1680:
1214:
1206:
1205:
449:
445:
444:
326:Expenditure class
289:
288:
52:Argentina's INDEC
2969:
2789:Shared parenting
2600:Blanket training
2592:Child discipline
2232:In loco parentis
2211:Shared parenting
2133:
2126:
2119:
2110:
2109:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2035:
2026:
2017:
2016:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1895:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1874:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1837:
1813:
1807:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1777:
1740:Family economics
1700:Jonathan V. Last
1683:
1220:
1216:
1208:
518:
514:
447:
323:
319:
313:
309:
307:
61:
57:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2884:
2865:Matthew Sanders
2820:Rudolf Dreikurs
2793:
2779:Parents' rights
2739:Deadbeat parent
2716:
2710:
2634:
2586:
2562:The talk (race)
2445:
2436:Tiger parenting
2342:
2237:
2186:Extended family
2142:
2137:
2082:
2066:
2064:Further reading
2061:
2060:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2033:
2027:
2020:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1992:
1990:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1963:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1903:
1901:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1855:
1851:
1814:
1810:
1801:
1797:
1787:
1785:
1784:. Global Issues
1778:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1745:Family planning
1705:Natalist policy
1695:
1244:
1224:
554:
522:
476:
460:
455:
311:
310:(equivalent to
305:
304:
297:
67:Cost per month
49:
32:
12:
11:
5:
2975:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2906:Mothers' Union
2903:
2898:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2880:Benjamin Spock
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2860:Penelope Leach
2857:
2855:Annette Lareau
2852:
2847:
2845:Alan E. Kazdin
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2805:Mary Ainsworth
2801:
2799:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2720:
2718:
2717:social aspects
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2482:Dishabituation
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2411:Slow parenting
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2249:
2247:
2242:Theories
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2228:
2223:
2221:Blended family
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2201:Nuclear family
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2152:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2136:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2093:
2081:
2080:External links
2078:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2018:
2000:
1985:. caller.com.
1973:
1941:
1911:
1882:
1861:
1849:
1828:(2): 106–121.
1808:
1795:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1730:Cost of living
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
997:
996:
992:
991:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
959:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
930:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
901:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
872:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
843:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
814:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
789:
785:
784:
780:
779:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
747:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
718:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
689:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
660:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
631:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
602:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
573:
572:
568:
567:
564:
559:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
475:
472:
459:
458:United Kingdom
456:
454:
451:
443:
442:
437:
432:
426:
425:
422:
419:
415:
414:
411:
408:
404:
403:
400:
397:
396:Transportation
393:
392:
389:
386:
382:
381:
378:
375:
371:
370:
367:
364:
360:
359:
356:
353:
349:
348:
345:
342:
338:
337:
334:
327:
301:Economic Times
296:
293:
287:
286:
283:
280:
276:
275:
272:
269:
265:
264:
261:
258:
254:
253:
250:
247:
243:
242:
239:
236:
232:
231:
228:
225:
221:
220:
217:
214:
210:
209:
206:
203:
199:
198:
195:
192:
188:
187:
184:
181:
177:
176:
173:
170:
166:
165:
162:
159:
155:
154:
151:
148:
144:
143:
140:
137:
133:
132:
129:
126:
122:
121:
118:
115:
111:
110:
107:
104:
100:
99:
96:
93:
89:
88:
85:
82:
78:
77:
71:
65:
48:
45:
31:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2974:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:Organizations
2887:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2875:B. F. Skinner
2873:
2871:
2870:William Sears
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2840:Thomas Gordon
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2729:Child support
2727:
2725:
2724:Child custody
2722:
2721:
2719:
2713:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2666:Child neglect
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:Homeschooling
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2333:Socialization
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2318:Paternal bond
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2303:Maternal bond
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2216:Single parent
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2176:Alloparenting
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2122:
2120:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2070:Popul Dev Rev
2043:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2023:
2014:
2010:
2004:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1945:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1899:
1892:
1886:
1879:. 2022-07-21.
1878:
1871:
1865:
1858:
1853:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1799:
1783:
1776:
1772:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1755:Single parent
1753:
1751:
1750:Family values
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1720:Child support
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1687:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1250:
1222:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
998:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
964:
960:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
931:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
902:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
873:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
844:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
815:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
786:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
752:
748:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
719:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
690:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
661:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
636:
632:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
603:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
574:
569:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
520:
519:
513:
511:
510:United States
506:
504:
500:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
474:United States
471:
468:
464:
450:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
427:
423:
420:
416:
412:
409:
405:
401:
398:
394:
390:
387:
383:
379:
376:
372:
368:
365:
363:Entertainment
361:
357:
354:
350:
346:
343:
339:
332:
325:
324:
318:
315:
302:
292:
284:
281:
278:
277:
273:
270:
267:
266:
262:
259:
256:
255:
251:
248:
245:
244:
240:
237:
234:
233:
229:
226:
223:
222:
218:
215:
212:
211:
207:
204:
201:
200:
196:
193:
190:
189:
185:
182:
179:
178:
174:
171:
168:
167:
163:
160:
157:
156:
152:
149:
146:
145:
141:
138:
135:
134:
130:
127:
124:
123:
119:
116:
113:
112:
108:
105:
102:
101:
97:
94:
91:
90:
86:
83:
80:
79:
76:
72:
70:
66:
63:
62:
56:
53:
44:
42:
37:
27:
24:
19:
2825:David Elkind
2733:
2676:Codependency
2661:Child labour
2517:Latchkey kid
2507:Introjection
2293:Introjection
2243:
2230:
2196:Noncustodial
2069:
2067:
2049:. Retrieved
2029:Lino, Mark.
2012:
2003:
1991:. Retrieved
1976:
1964:. Retrieved
1953:
1944:
1934:December 16,
1932:. Retrieved
1923:
1914:
1902:. Retrieved
1897:
1885:
1876:
1864:
1852:
1825:
1821:
1811:
1798:
1786:. Retrieved
1775:
1682:
1675:
1649:
1463:
1437:
1207:
1200:
1174:
988:
962:
776:
750:
507:
496:
477:
465:
461:
446:
439:
434:
429:
316:
298:
290:
81:less than 1
74:
68:
50:
33:
17:
15:
2835:Haim Ginott
2810:John Bowlby
2656:Child abuse
2576:educational
2492:Habituation
2477:Co-sleeping
2263:Behaviorism
2191:Foster care
2181:Coparenting
478:Based on a
73:Equivalent
2946:Categories
2850:Truby King
2744:Disownment
2557:Television
2547:Role model
2472:Child care
2450:Techniques
2416:Soccer mom
2386:Enmeshment
2323:Pediatrics
1767:References
1715:Child care
1710:Only child
1686:US dollars
1245:/Education
1243:Child care
1234:Transport.
1211:US dollars
552:Child Care
537:Transport.
407:Healthcare
336:% of cost
308:1.17 crore
282:$ 253.42
271:$ 258.39
260:$ 255.90
249:$ 248.45
238:$ 238.51
227:$ 223.61
216:$ 211.18
205:$ 203.73
194:$ 196.28
183:$ 171.43
172:$ 168.95
161:$ 163.98
150:$ 159.01
139:$ 149.07
128:$ 136.65
117:$ 126.71
106:$ 114.29
2952:Parenting
2784:Paternity
2715:Legal and
2615:Grounding
2512:Kommune 1
2487:Education
2462:Allowance
2371:Baby talk
2226:Surrogacy
2140:Parenting
2051:August 5,
1993:March 31,
1788:August 5,
1725:Childfree
557:Education
503:dependent
467:The Times
341:Education
279:18 to 29
95:$ 91.93
84:$ 86.96
47:Argentina
36:statistic
2830:Jo Frost
2764:Marriage
2630:Time-out
2206:Orphaned
2171:Adoptive
2042:Archived
2013:ABC News
1987:Archived
1966:17 April
1960:Archived
1928:Archived
1859:, UNICEF
1844:25478076
1693:See also
1620:15 to 17
1591:12 to 14
1408:15 to 17
1379:12 to 14
1237:Clothing
1225:of Child
1145:15 to 17
1116:12 to 14
933:15 to 17
904:12 to 14
721:15 to 17
692:12 to 14
542:Clothing
523:of Child
374:Clothing
2798:Experts
2574: (
2539: (
2467:Bedtime
2431:Theybie
2090:Reuters
2088:- from
1904:13 July
1835:4251270
1676:333,420
1654:105,840
1644:20,570
1615:19,670
1586:18,660
1562:9 to 11
1557:17,810
1528:17,660
1499:16,770
1464:157,410
1350:9 to 11
1228:Housing
1201:389,670
1179:127,800
1169:24,510
1140:22,700
1111:21,320
1087:9 to 11
1082:20,420
1053:20,480
1024:20,460
989:234,900
957:14,320
928:13,820
899:13,110
875:9 to 11
870:12,290
841:12,390
812:12,370
777:169,080
663:9 to 11
527:Housing
482:by the
352:Housing
41:poverty
2957:Family
2691:Incest
2610:Curfew
2348:Styles
2166:Father
2161:Mother
2156:Parent
1898:report
1842:
1832:
1672:33,000
1669:72,810
1666:22,410
1663:10,830
1660:40,140
1657:48,390
1533:6 to 8
1504:3 to 5
1475:0 to 2
1460:12,450
1457:22,980
1454:12,840
1448:17,850
1445:33,090
1442:51,120
1432:9,180
1403:9,440
1374:9,030
1345:8,450
1321:6 to 8
1316:8,610
1292:3 to 5
1287:7,760
1263:0 to 2
1253:Total
1240:Health
1197:35,400
1194:88,440
1191:21,810
1188:19,080
1185:49,500
1182:47,640
1058:6 to 8
1029:3 to 5
1000:0 to 2
985:19,230
982:41,100
979:18,990
976:13,500
973:33,900
970:37,620
967:70,560
846:6 to 8
817:3 to 5
788:0 to 2
773:10,740
770:23,640
767:14,070
764:11,130
761:24,630
758:31,050
755:53,820
745:9,970
716:9,960
687:9,520
658:8,760
634:6 to 8
629:9,100
605:3 to 5
600:9,050
576:0 to 2
566:Total
547:Health
480:survey
435:117.25
418:Others
75:adult
2639:Abuse
2246:Areas
2045:(PDF)
2034:(PDF)
1894:(pdf)
1877:INDEC
1873:(PDF)
1650:Total
1641:1,810
1638:5,010
1635:1,550
1629:2,370
1626:3,220
1623:5,880
1612:1,980
1609:4,150
1606:1,560
1600:2,370
1597:3,080
1594:5,880
1583:1,880
1580:3,880
1577:1,110
1571:2,300
1568:3,000
1565:5,880
1554:1,930
1551:3,350
1548:1,180
1542:2,260
1539:2,680
1536:5,880
1525:1,750
1522:4,210
1519:1,090
1513:2,160
1510:2,070
1507:5,880
1496:1,650
1493:3,670
1484:1,920
1481:2,080
1478:5,880
1451:7,080
1438:Total
1417:1,130
1414:2,270
1411:2,840
1397:1,120
1388:1,130
1385:2,150
1382:2,840
1368:1,360
1359:1,060
1356:2,010
1353:2,840
1339:1,940
1330:1,030
1327:1,830
1324:2,840
1310:1,940
1298:1,370
1295:2,840
1281:1,400
1269:1,400
1266:2,840
1249:Misc.
1175:Total
1166:1,950
1163:6,460
1160:1,520
1157:1,280
1154:3,020
1151:3,180
1148:7,100
1137:2,070
1134:4,700
1131:1,610
1128:1,170
1125:2,860
1122:3,190
1119:7,100
1108:2,000
1105:4,350
1102:1,150
1099:1,010
1096:2,730
1093:2,980
1090:7,100
1079:2,000
1076:3,910
1073:1,080
1067:2,730
1064:2,630
1061:7,100
1050:1,990
1047:4,970
1038:2,610
1035:2,000
1032:7,100
1021:1,790
1018:5,090
1012:1,050
1009:2,550
1006:1,900
1003:7,100
963:Total
954:1,050
951:2,400
948:1,330
942:2,150
939:2,570
936:3,920
925:1,170
922:1,910
919:1,410
913:1,990
910:2,580
907:3,920
896:1,100
893:2,110
890:1,000
884:1,870
881:2,400
878:3,920
867:1,110
864:1,680
855:1,860
852:2,100
849:3,920
838:1,090
835:2,740
826:1,740
823:1,490
820:3,920
806:2,860
797:1,690
794:1,405
791:3,920
751:Total
739:1,290
736:1,010
730:1,630
727:2,120
724:2,990
710:1,110
707:1,090
701:1,480
698:2,130
695:2,990
681:1,910
672:1,350
669:1,970
666:2,990
652:1,290
643:1,350
640:1,710
637:2,990
623:1,910
614:1,230
611:1,260
608:2,990
594:2,040
585:1,170
582:1,160
579:2,990
562:Misc.
430:Total
366:12.87
355:20.37
344:49.35
295:India
285:1.02
274:1.04
263:1.03
252:1.00
241:0.96
230:0.90
219:0.85
208:0.82
197:0.79
186:0.69
175:0.68
164:0.66
153:0.64
142:0.60
131:0.55
120:0.51
109:0.46
98:0.37
87:0.35
2541:date
2537:Play
2298:Love
2053:2012
1995:2013
1968:2023
1936:2022
1906:2016
1840:PMID
1826:1, 2
1790:2012
1231:Food
532:Food
440:100%
421:3.21
410:4.29
399:5.36
388:5.36
385:Food
377:6.44
369:12%
358:19%
347:46%
331:lakh
64:Age
23:rent
16:The
2572:Toy
1830:PMC
1632:730
1603:650
1574:610
1545:530
1516:500
1490:980
1487:590
1429:670
1426:880
1423:930
1420:460
1400:840
1394:940
1391:420
1371:740
1365:620
1362:400
1342:780
1336:670
1333:340
1313:610
1307:600
1304:330
1301:920
1284:510
1278:520
1275:410
1272:680
1223:Age
1070:970
1044:930
1041:880
1015:980
945:900
916:840
887:710
861:940
858:680
832:800
829:610
809:890
803:850
800:760
742:589
733:730
713:700
704:690
684:630
678:710
675:580
655:630
649:660
646:570
626:620
620:590
617:500
597:420
591:630
588:640
521:Age
424:3%
413:4%
402:5%
391:5%
380:6%
268:17
257:16
246:15
235:14
224:13
213:12
202:11
191:10
2948::
2076:.
2036:.
2021:^
2011:.
1952:.
1922:.
1896:.
1875:.
1838:.
1824:.
1820:.
180:9
169:8
158:7
147:6
136:5
125:4
114:3
103:2
92:1
2578:)
2543:)
2244:·
2132:e
2125:t
2118:v
2101:"
2055:.
2015:.
1997:.
1970:.
1938:.
1908:.
1846:.
1792:.
1688:.
1213:.
555:/
333:)
312:â‚ą
306:â‚ą
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.