1027:
981:
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329:
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866:, a Philadelphia anatomist, who suggested in 1906 that "exceptional size of the corpus callosum may mean exceptional intellectual activity" and that there were measurable differences between men and women. Perhaps reflecting the political climate of the times, he went on to claim differences in the size of the callosum across different races. His research was ultimately refuted by
59:
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47:
941:, or lipid coating. This is reflected by the diameter of the nerve axon. In most primates, axonal diameter increases in proportion to brain size to compensate for the increased distance to travel for neural impulse transmission. This allows the brain to coordinate sensory and motor impulses. However, the scaling of overall brain size and increased
1026:
1661:
Westerhausen, René; Kreuder, Frank; Sequeira, Sarah Dos Santos; Walter, Christof; Woerner, Wolfgang; Wittling, Ralf Arne; Schweiger, Elisabeth; Wittling, Werner (2004). "Effects of handedness and gender on macro- and microstructure of the corpus callosum and its subregions: A combined high-resolution
999:
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people than right-handed people. This difference was evident in the anterior and posterior regions of the corpus callosum, but not in the splenium. However, a 2022 meta-analysis failed to confirm any substantial differences in the corpus callosum related to left vs. right- vs. mix-handedness. Others
595:
Analysis by shape and size has also been used to study specific three-dimensional mathematical relationships with MRIs, and have found consistent and statistically significant differences between sexes. Specific algorithms have found significant differences between the two sexes in over 70% of cases
572:
has been a subject of debate in the scientific and lay communities for over a century. Initial research in the early 20th century claimed the corpus to be different in size between men and women. That research was, in turn, questioned, and ultimately gave way to more advanced imaging techniques that
520:
pictured shows the nerve tracts from six segments of the corpus callosum, providing linking of the cortical regions between the cerebral hemispheres. Those of the genu are shown in coral; of the premotor, green; of the sensory-motor, purple; of the parietal, pink; of the temporal, yellow; and of the
741:
ACC is usually not fatal. Treatment usually involves management of symptoms, such as hydrocephaly and seizures, if they occur. Although many children with the disorder lead normal lives and have average intelligence, careful neuropsychological testing reveals subtle differences in higher cortical
713:
that is one of the most common brain malformations observed in human beings, in which the corpus callosum is partially or completely absent. ACC is usually diagnosed within the first two years of life, and may manifest as a severe syndrome in infancy or childhood, as a milder condition in young
998:
512:
The size, amount of myelination, and density of the fibers in the subregions relate to the functions of the brain regions they connect. Myelination is the process of coating neurons with myelin, which helps the transfer of information between neurons. The process is believed to occur until an
897:
Later publications in the psychology literature have raised doubt as to whether the anatomic size of the corpus is actually different. A meta-analysis of 49 studies since 1980 found that, contrary to de
Lacoste-Utamsing and Holloway, no sex difference could be found in the size of the corpus
620:
have instead suggested that the degree of handedness negatively correlates with the size of the corpus callosum, meaning that individuals who are capable of using both hands with dexterity would have the largest corpus callosum and vice versa for either left or right hand.
996:
513:
individual's thirties with peak growth in the first decade of one's life. Thinner, lightly myelinated fibers are slower conducting and they connect the association and prefrontal areas. Thicker and fast-conducting fibers connect the visual and motor areas.
718:, which may be followed by feeding problems and delays in holding the head erect, sitting, standing, and walking. Other possible symptoms may include impairments in mental and physical development, hand-eye coordination, and visual and auditory memory.
893:
published an article in 1992 that suggested that, because the corpus is "often wider in the brains of women than in those of men, it may allow for greater cross-talk between the hemispheres—possibly the basis for women’s intuition."
1697:
Shin, Yong-Wook; Jin Kim, Dae; Hyon Ha, Tae; Park, Hae-Jeong; Moon, Won-Jin; Chul Chung, Eun; Min Lee, Jong; Young Kim, In; Kim, Sun I.; et al. (2005). "Sex differences in the human corpus callosum: Diffusion tensor imaging study".
506:
980:
319:
A number of separate nerve tracts, classed as subregions of the corpus callosum, connect different parts of the hemispheres. The main ones are known as the genu, the rostrum, the trunk or body, and the splenium.
898:
callosum, whether or not any account was taken of larger male brain size. A study in 2006 using thin slice MRI showed no difference in thickness of the corpus when accounting for the size of the subject.
532:
between the two halves of the brain; these fibers arise from a fork-like bundle of fibers from the tapetum, the forceps minor. Thicker axons in the trunk of the corpus callosum interconnect areas of the
742:
function compared to individuals of the same age and education without ACC. Children with ACC accompanied by developmental delay and/or seizure disorders should be screened for metabolic disorders.
995:
592:
can be measured and used as an indirect measurement of anatomical connection strength. These sequences have found consistent sex differences in human corpus callosal shape and microstructure.
918:, as well as other vertebrates such as birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. Other groups do have other brain structures that allow for communication between the two hemispheres, such as the
577:
developed in the 1990s showed that sex differences were clear, but confined to certain parts of the corpus callosum, and that they correlated with cognitive performance in certain tests. An
835:
2676:
Morris, H., & Schaeffer, J. P. (1953). The
Nervous system-The Brain or Encephalon. Human anatomy; a complete systematic treatise. (11th ed., pp. 920–921, 964–965). New York: Blakiston.
745:
In addition to agenesis of the corpus callosum, similar conditions are hypogenesis (partial formation), dysgenesis (malformation), and hypoplasia (underdevelopment, including too thin).
1038:
section through the midline brain. The corpus callosum is the curved band of lighter tissue at the center of the brain above the hypothalamus. Its lighter texture is due to higher
957:'s. The fibrous bundle at which the corpus callosum appears can and does increase to such an extent in humans that it encroaches upon and wedges apart the hippocampal structures.
497:
are in contact with the undersurface of the rostrum; they arch over the front of the genu and are carried along the trunk, supplying the front four-fifths of the corpus callosum.
2710:
2288:
829:
478:, the forceps major (also forceps posterior). Between these two parts is the main body of the fibers, which constitute the tapetum and extend laterally on either side into the
1485:
Hofer, Sabine; Frahm, Jens (2006). "Topography of the human corpus callosum revisited—Comprehensive fiber tractography using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging".
2310:
Wegiel, Jarek; Kaczmarski, Wojciech; Flory, Michael; Martinez-Cerdeno, Veronica; Wisniewski, Thomas; Nowicki, Krzysztof; Kuchna, Izabela; Wegiel, Jerzy (2018-12-19).
2312:"Deficit of corpus callosum axons, reduced axon diameter and decreased area are markers of abnormal development of interhemispheric connections in autistic subjects"
722:
may also occur. In mild cases, symptoms such as seizures, repetitive speech, or headaches may not appear for years. Some syndromes often associated with ACC include
2503:
Luders, Eileen; Narr, Katherine L.; Zaidel, Eran; Thompson, Paul M.; Toga, Arthur W. (2006). "Gender effects on callosal thickness in scaled and unscaled space".
2755:
240:
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study found that the midsagittal corpus callosum cross-sectional area is, after controlling for brain size, on average, proportionately larger in females.
1316:
Schlaug, Gotfried; Jäncke, Lutz; Huang, Yanxiong; Staiger, Jochen F; Steinmetz, Helmuth (April 10, 2010). "Increased Corpus
Callosum Size in Musicians".
2078:
Clarke, Dave F.; Wheless, James W.; Chacon, Monica M.; Breier, Joshua; Koenig, Mary-Kay; McManis, Mark; Castillo, Edward; Baumgartner, James E. (2007).
1743:"Morphometric analysis of brain images with reduced number of statistical tests: A study on the gender-related differentiation of the corpus callosum"
1273:
Doron, KW; Gazzaniga, MS (September 2008). "Neuroimaging techniques offer new perspectives on callosal transfer and interhemispheric communication".
1834:
Yokota, Y.; Kawamura, Y.; Kameya, Y. (2005). "Callosal Shapes at the
Midsagittal Plane: MRI Differences of Normal Males, Normal Females, and GID".
216:
2021:
Luders, Eileen; Cherbuin, Nicolas; Thompson, Paul M.; Gutman, Boris; Anstey, Kaarin J.; Sachdev, Perminder; Toga, Arthur W. (2010-08-01).
2748:
683:, and evaluation by a neurologist, neurosurgeon, psychiatrist, and neuroradiologist before a partial lobotomy surgery can be considered.
1386:
2707:
2280:
1618:
Dubb, Abraham; Gur, Ruben; Avants, Brian; Gee, James (2003). "Characterization of sexual dimorphism in the human corpus callosum".
402:
362:
The corpus callosum has four main parts – individual nerve tracts that connect different parts of the hemispheres. These are the
2377:
640:
is used to find the source of electrical activity causing a seizure as part of the surgical evaluation for a corpus callosotomy.
2741:
2131:
1851:
2831:
2196:
Rash, BG; Richards, LJ (28 May 2001). "A role for cingulate pioneering axons in the development of the corpus callosum".
1530:"Sex differences in anatomic measures of interhemispheric connectivity: Correlations with cognition in women but not men"
930:(also known as the neopallium), whereas in placental mammals, the anterior commissure carries only some of these fibers.
668:
2718:
1257:
1191:
953:. This has resulted in the human corpus callosum's requiring double the time for interhemispheric communication as a
164:, allowing them to share information and coordinate functions like movement, sensory processing, and cognitive tasks
1359:
Aboitiz, F (1992). "Brain connections: interhemispheric fiber systems and anatomical brain asymmetries in humans".
697:
The formation of the corpus callosum begins with the first midline crossing of pioneer axons around week 12 in the
247:
811:
706:
692:
17:
986:
Coronal T2 (grey scale inverted) MRI of the brain at the level of the caudate nuclei emphasizing corpus callosum
397:, diminishing greatly in thickness. The lower, much thinner part is the rostrum and is connected below with the
2926:
922:, which serves as the primary mode of interhemispheric communication in marsupials, and which carries all the
1011:
235:
2370:"Autism May Involve A Lack Of Connections And Coordination In Separate Areas Of The Brain, Researchers Find"
680:
474:
constitute the forceps minor (also forceps anterior) and those curving backward from the splenium into the
2698:
2784:
611:
One study reported that the front portion of the human corpus callosum was 0.75 cm or 11% larger in
2080:"Corpus callosotomy: A palliative therapeutic technique may help identify resectable epileptogenic foci"
560:
A study of five- to eighteen-year-olds found a positive correlation between age and callosal thickness.
505:
2799:
2794:
676:
574:
537:, with proportionately more of the corpus callosum dedicated to supplementary motor regions including
2889:
842:
of unknown origin with a transient lesion in the splenium, mostly associated with infectious diseases
603:
people found it to be structurally more in line with their declared gender than their assigned sex.
483:
2153:
Rakic, P; Yakovlev, PI (January 1968). "Development of the corpus callosum and cavum septi in man".
191:
2931:
494:
174:
1418:
Caminiti, Roberto; Ghaziri, Hassan; Galuske, Ralf; Hof, Patrick R.; Innocenti, Giorgio M. (2009).
1420:"Evolution amplified processing with temporally dispersed slow neuronal connectivity in primates"
2728:
637:
223:
211:
2665:
2649:
2444:
Delacoste-Utamsing, C; Holloway, R. (1982). "Sexual dimorphism in the human corpus callosum".
748:
Other studies have also linked possible correlations between corpus callosum malformation and
588:
on MRI machines, the rate at which molecules diffuse in and out of a specific area of tissue,
2877:
2854:
2846:
2633:
2617:
1571:"Sexual Dimorphism in the Human Corpus Callosum: An MRI Study Using the OASIS Brain Database"
1394:
845:
815:
735:
447:
2023:"When more is less: Associations between corpus callosum size and handedness lateralization"
1886:
Witelson, S. (1985). "The brain connection: The corpus callosum is larger in left-handers".
1088:
2905:
2630:
The
Neurobiology of Australian Marsupials: Brain Evolution in the Other Mammalian Radiation
2559:
2453:
2395:
1895:
1431:
884:
698:
672:
348:
297:
1931:"The influence of sex, age, and handedness on corpus callosum morphology: A meta-analysis"
714:
adults, or as an asymptomatic incidental finding. Initial symptoms of ACC usually include
8:
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2240:
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2109:
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1998:
1971:
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825:
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649:
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67:, front part to the left. The corpus callosum can be seen in the center, in light gray
2882:
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2003:
1956:
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393:, is called the genu ("knee"). The genu curves downward and backward in front of the
356:
281:
2532:
2225:
2182:
2113:
1790:
Spasojevic, Goran; Stojanovic, Zlatan; Suscevic, Dusan; Malobabic, Slobodan (2006).
1727:
1647:
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appeared to refute earlier correlations. However, advanced analytical techniques of
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2585:
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2512:
2461:
2430:
2410:
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2252:
2205:
2162:
2127:
2091:
2050:
2034:
1993:
1983:
1972:"Handedness and midsagittal corpus callosum morphology: a meta-analytic evaluation"
1942:
1903:
1839:
1803:
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1707:
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312:, about 10 in (250 mm) in length and consisting of 200–300 million
83:
28:
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focus on one side of the brain, causing an interhemispheric electrical storm. The
2714:
1758:
1286:
889:
785:
759:
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can be reduced by cutting through the corpus callosum in an operation known as a
538:
467:
451:
425:
285:
204:
179:
432:, and ends in a thick, convex, free border. Splenium translates as "bandage" in
2552:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1988:
1843:
880:
839:
789:
554:
475:
433:
421:
2548:"Absence of the Corpus callosum as a Mendelizing Character in the House Mouse"
2328:
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1546:
1529:
1329:
1018:
702:
585:
550:
546:
542:
479:
228:
2465:
1907:
1792:"Sexual dimorphism of the human corpus callosum: Digital morphometric study"
1586:
1444:
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2524:
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2217:
2105:
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2007:
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719:
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534:
471:
463:
390:
305:
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1915:
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1234:
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1275:
Cortex; A Journal
Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
1213:
Cortex; A Journal
Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
942:
938:
769:
612:
600:
439:
The trunk of the corpus callosum lies between the splenium and the genu.
406:
309:
293:
277:
142:
1808:
1791:
1453:
1947:
1930:
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517:
420:, is called the splenium. This is the thickest part, and overlaps the
417:
186:
253:
2693:
2581:
2309:
2209:
1789:
1109:
Luders, Eileen; Thompson, Paul M.; Toga, Arthur W. (18 August 2010).
927:
915:
911:
657:
1836:
2005 IEEE Engineering in
Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference
2789:
2614:
Malformations of the
Nervous System: Handbook of Clinical Neurology
1741:
Kontos, Despina; Megalooikonomou, Vasileios; Gee, James C. (2009).
1186:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. pp. 26–32.
1111:"The Development of the Corpus Callosum in the Healthy Human Brain"
1032:
819:
805:
801:
764:
755:
660:
653:
645:
599:
A 2005 study on the sizes and structures of the corpus callosum in
429:
328:
198:
339:
1660:
1165:"Corpus callosum | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org"
954:
934:
462:
On either side of the corpus callosum, the fibers radiate in the
2396:"Sex Differences in the Human Corpus Callosum: Myth or Reality?"
652:
lobotomy paralysis. This is usually reserved for cases in which
490:
share the function of connecting left and right temporal lobes.
382:. Fibres from the trunk and the splenium, known together as the
2644:
Armati, Patricia J., Chris R. Dickman, and Ian D. Hume (2006).
2281:"NINDS Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum Information Page: NINDS"
1039:
781:
2690:
Stained brain slice images which include the "corpus callosum"
853:
characterised by lesions as small holes in the corpus callosum
51:
Corpus callosum from above, front part at the top of the image
2662:
Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation
950:
862:
The first study of the corpus with relation to gender was by
768:, was found with agenesis of the corpus callosum, as part of
289:
269:
64:
2020:
1969:
92:
1042:
content, resulting in faster neuronal impulse transmission.
937:, the speed of nerve transmission depends on the degree of
525:
410:
313:
124:
118:
109:
98:
2724:
National Organization for Disorders of the Corpus Callosum
2702:
2443:
883:
and Utamsing that suggested sex difference in human brain
633:
58:
46:
34:
White matter tract connecting the two cerebral hemispheres
2763:
2077:
1417:
1315:
578:
332:
304:, enabling communication between them. It is the largest
2502:
1740:
2723:
1970:
Westerhausen, Rene; Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta (2022).
1696:
1568:
1569:
Ardekani, B. A.; Figarsky, K.; Sidtis, J. J. (2012).
887:, which related to differences in cognitive ability.
606:
386:("carpet"), form the roof of each lateral ventricle.
121:
106:
101:
89:
1833:
355:. Part of the corpus callosum forms the roof of the
115:
95:
2487:C Gorman (20 January 1992). "Sizing up the sexes".
1060:
389:The front part of the corpus callosum, towards the
127:
112:
86:
1247:
1108:
1527:
1061:Velut, S; Destrieux, C; Kakou, M (May 1998). "".
808:(seen with damage to splenium of corpus callosum)
416:The end part of the corpus callosum, towards the
2918:
2394:Bishop, Katherine M.; Wahlsten, Douglas (1997).
1617:
644:The symptoms of refractory (difficult to treat)
409:. The rostrum is named for its resemblance to a
1424:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
470:; those curving forward from the genu into the
2612:Sarnat, Harvey B., and Paolo Curatolo (2007).
2393:
1272:
2749:
2152:
1209:"An anatomical review of the corpus callosum"
557:. These are the fibers of the forceps major.
2195:
2071:
1690:
1654:
1611:
450:that separates the corpus callosum from the
1413:
1411:
1252:(10th ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 798.
1248:Ropper, A.; Samuels, M.; Klein, J. (2014).
347:The corpus callosum forms the floor of the
2756:
2742:
2660:Butler, Ann B., and William Hodos (2005).
1928:
1484:
1250:Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology
1158:
1156:
1154:
814:- a degenerative disease characterised by
563:
545:information between the two halves of the
57:
45:
2589:
2571:
2389:
2387:
2345:
2327:
2256:
2095:
2054:
1997:
1987:
1946:
1807:
1766:
1594:
1545:
1461:
1443:
1224:
1181:
1134:
2486:
2403:Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
1929:Driesen, Naomi R.; Raz, Naftali (1995).
1885:
1408:
1175:
1104:
1102:
632:
623:
338:
327:
1358:
1352:
1206:
1151:
292:. The corpus callosum is only found in
160:Facilitating communication between the
14:
2919:
2545:
2496:
2384:
2241:"Absence makes the search grow longer"
2238:
1881:
1879:
1829:
1827:
1528:Davatzikos, C; Resnick, S. M. (1998).
1200:
870:, the director of his own laboratory.
335:of corpus callosum and its named parts
2737:
1241:
1099:
906:The corpus callosum is found only in
873:Of more mainstream impact was a 1982
762:and the inspiration behind the movie
686:
484:central part of the lateral ventricle
466:and pass to the various parts of the
2316:Acta Neuropathologica Communications
2198:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
2155:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
1266:
1162:
1054:
960:
2832:Vascular organ of lamina terminalis
1876:
1824:
1747:Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
836:Reversible splenial lesion syndrome
24:
2719:Neuroscience Information Framework
2517:10.1097/01.wnr.0000227987.77304.cc
2245:American Journal of Human Genetics
1081:
607:Correlates of size with handedness
504:
500:
25:
2943:
2683:
2134:from the original on July 2, 2010
1676:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.07.002
1662:and diffusion-tensor MRI study".
405:to the recess at the base of the
280:, consisting of a flat bundle of
2493:As cited by Bishop and Wahlsten.
2380:from the original on 2011-10-15.
2039:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.04.016
1838:. Vol. 3. pp. 3055–8.
1712:10.1097/00001756-200505310-00003
1499:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.05.044
1025:
1010:
991:
979:
967:
901:
775:
300:, connecting the left and right
248:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
82:
2670:
2654:
2638:
2622:
2606:
2539:
2480:
2437:
2362:
2303:
2291:from the original on 2012-03-24
2273:
2232:
2189:
2146:
2120:
2014:
1963:
1922:
1783:
1734:
1562:
1521:
1478:
1379:
1005:Tractography of corpus callosum
707:Agenesis of the corpus callosum
701:of the human, or day 15 in the
693:Agenesis of the corpus callosum
671:for this procedure involves an
1309:
1127:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5122-09.2010
152:Genu, rostrum, trunk, splenium
13:
1:
2729:A 3D model of corpus callosum
2415:10.1016/S0149-7634(96)00049-8
2097:10.1016/j.seizure.2007.04.004
1632:10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00313-6
1226:10.1016/s0010-9452(70)80033-8
1047:
2708:NIF Search – Corpus callosum
1976:Brain Structure and Function
1759:10.1016/j.artmed.2009.05.007
1287:10.1016/j.cortex.2008.03.007
568:The corpus callosum and its
541:. The splenium communicates
457:
323:
7:
1182:Carpenter, Malcolm (1985).
812:Marchiafava–Bignami disease
628:
401:, which stretches from the
10:
2948:
1989:10.1007/s00429-021-02431-4
1844:10.1109/IEMBS.2005.1617119
1207:Cumming, WJ (March 1970).
1093:Queensland Brain Institute
945:have not occurred between
857:
690:
586:diffusion tensor sequences
575:computational neuroanatomy
495:anterior cerebral arteries
26:
2898:
2890:Cave of septum pellucidum
2863:
2845:
2822:
2775:
2546:Keeler, Clyde E. (1933).
2329:10.1186/s40478-018-0645-7
2130:. Web MD. July 18, 2010.
1184:Core text of neuroanatomy
780:Anterior corpus callosum
403:interventricular foramina
246:
234:
222:
210:
197:
185:
173:
168:
156:
148:
138:
77:
72:
56:
44:
39:
2699:Comparative Neuroscience
2128:"WebMd Corpus Callotomy"
1664:Cognitive Brain Research
1330:10.1177/0743558410366594
910:, while it is absent in
528:in the genu connect the
296:. It spans part of the
272:for "tough body"), also
2466:10.1126/science.7089533
1908:10.1126/science.4023705
1796:Vojnosanitetski Pregled
1445:10.1073/pnas.0907655106
1115:Journal of Neuroscience
564:Variation between sexes
351:that separates the two
2239:Dobyns, W. B. (1996).
1547:10.1093/cercor/8.7.635
822:of the corpus callosum
641:
638:Electroencephalography
509:
344:
336:
63:Sagittal section of a
2927:Cerebral white matter
2878:Medial septal nucleus
2628:Ashwell, Ken (2010).
2573:10.1073/pnas.19.6.609
2167:10.1002/cne.901320103
1587:10.1093/cercor/bhs253
1017:Corpus callosum with
846:Septo-optic dysplasia
736:acrocallosal syndrome
636:
624:Clinical significance
508:
342:
331:
162:two brain hemispheres
2906:Posterior commissure
1387:"NIAAA Publications"
699:prenatal development
673:electroencephalogram
353:cerebral hemispheres
349:longitudinal fissure
302:cerebral hemispheres
298:longitudinal fissure
2837:Anterior commissure
2564:1933PNAS...19..609K
2458:1982Sci...216.1431D
1900:1985Sci...229..665W
1809:10.2298/VSP0611933S
1436:2009PNAS..10619551C
1361:Biological Research
1121:(33): 10985–10990.
1095:. 10 November 2017.
920:anterior commissure
797:Alien hand syndrome
711:congenital disorder
663:are produced by an
488:anterior commissure
482:, and cover in the
276:, is a wide, thick
274:callosal commissure
2765:Commissural fibers
2713:2016-03-04 at the
2374:Medical News Today
2285:RightDiagnosis.com
1948:10.3758/BF03332028
1391:pubs.niaaa.nih.gov
1069:(1 Suppl): 17–30.
924:commissural fibers
826:Multiple sclerosis
728:Andermann syndrome
687:Failure to develop
669:diagnostic work up
650:corpus callosotomy
642:
510:
486:. The tapetum and
357:lateral ventricles
345:
337:
282:commissural fibers
27:For the film, see
2914:
2913:
2883:Subfornical organ
2865:Septum pellucidum
2824:Lamina terminalis
2694:BrainMaps project
2491:. pp. 36–43.
1853:978-0-7803-8741-6
1163:Gaillard, Frank.
1089:"Corpus callosum"
1000:
961:Additional images
926:arising from the
908:placental mammals
530:prefrontal cortex
399:lamina terminalis
395:septum pellucidum
308:structure in the
294:placental mammals
262:
261:
257:
16:(Redirected from
2939:
2812:Indusium griseum
2758:
2751:
2744:
2735:
2734:
2677:
2674:
2668:
2658:
2652:
2642:
2636:
2626:
2620:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2593:
2575:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2452:(4553): 1431–2.
2441:
2435:
2434:
2400:
2391:
2382:
2381:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2349:
2331:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2260:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2210:10.1002/cne.1170
2193:
2187:
2186:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2099:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2058:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2001:
1991:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1950:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1883:
1874:
1873:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1811:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1770:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1598:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1549:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1465:
1447:
1415:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1393:. Archived from
1383:
1377:
1376:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1318:Neuropsychologia
1313:
1307:
1306:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1228:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1160:
1149:
1148:
1138:
1106:
1097:
1096:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1058:
1029:
1014:
1002:
1001:
983:
971:
851:Susac's syndrome
830:Dawson's fingers
732:Shapiro syndrome
724:Aicardi syndrome
709:(ACC) is a rare
521:splenium, blue.
254:edit on Wikidata
251:
134:
133:
130:
129:
126:
123:
120:
117:
114:
111:
108:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
91:
88:
61:
49:
37:
36:
29:*Corpus Callosum
21:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2932:Corpus callosum
2917:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2894:
2859:
2841:
2818:
2777:Corpus callosum
2771:
2762:
2715:Wayback Machine
2686:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2659:
2655:
2643:
2639:
2627:
2623:
2611:
2607:
2544:
2540:
2501:
2497:
2485:
2481:
2442:
2438:
2398:
2392:
2385:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2292:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2237:
2233:
2194:
2190:
2151:
2147:
2137:
2135:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2076:
2072:
2019:
2015:
1968:
1964:
1927:
1923:
1894:(4714): 665–8.
1884:
1877:
1854:
1832:
1825:
1788:
1784:
1739:
1735:
1695:
1691:
1659:
1655:
1616:
1612:
1581:(10): 2514–20.
1575:Cerebral Cortex
1567:
1563:
1534:Cerebral Cortex
1526:
1522:
1483:
1479:
1430:(46): 19551–6.
1416:
1409:
1400:
1398:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1357:
1353:
1314:
1310:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1246:
1242:
1205:
1201:
1194:
1180:
1176:
1169:radiopaedia.org
1161:
1152:
1107:
1100:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1063:Neuro-Chirurgie
1059:
1055:
1050:
1043:
1030:
1021:
1015:
1006:
1003:
992:
987:
984:
975:
974:Corpus callosum
972:
963:
904:
860:
786:akinetic mutism
778:
750:autism spectrum
695:
689:
631:
626:
609:
596:in one review.
570:relation to sex
566:
503:
501:Neuronal fibers
476:occipital lobes
468:cerebral cortex
460:
452:cingulate gyrus
444:callosal sulcus
426:third ventricle
343:Corpus callosum
326:
286:cerebral cortex
266:corpus callosum
258:
105:
85:
81:
68:
52:
40:Corpus callosum
35:
32:
23:
22:
18:Corpus Callosum
15:
12:
11:
5:
2945:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2869:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2857:
2851:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2828:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2761:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2705:
2696:
2685:
2684:External links
2682:
2679:
2678:
2669:
2653:
2637:
2621:
2605:
2538:
2511:(11): 1103–6.
2495:
2479:
2436:
2409:(5): 581–601.
2383:
2361:
2302:
2272:
2231:
2188:
2145:
2119:
2070:
2013:
1982:(2): 545–559.
1962:
1921:
1875:
1852:
1823:
1782:
1733:
1689:
1653:
1610:
1561:
1520:
1477:
1407:
1378:
1351:
1324:(4): 557–577.
1308:
1265:
1259:978-0071794794
1258:
1240:
1199:
1193:978-0683014556
1192:
1174:
1150:
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988:
985:
978:
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962:
959:
903:
900:
859:
856:
855:
854:
848:
843:
840:encephalopathy
833:
823:
816:loss of myelin
809:
799:
790:anomic aphasia
784:may result in
777:
774:
705:of the mouse.
691:Main article:
688:
685:
630:
627:
625:
622:
608:
605:
565:
562:
555:occipital lobe
502:
499:
459:
456:
422:tela choroidea
325:
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284:, beneath the
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2903:
2901:
2897:
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2874:
2873:Septal nuclei
2871:
2870:
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2862:
2856:
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2700:
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2673:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2558:(6): 609–11.
2557:
2553:
2549:
2542:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2499:
2490:
2483:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2440:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2388:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2365:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2306:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2268:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2235:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2204:(2): 147–57.
2203:
2199:
2192:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2149:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2090:(6): 545–53.
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2009:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1958:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1935:Psychobiology
1932:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1882:
1880:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1830:
1828:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1802:(11): 933–8.
1801:
1797:
1793:
1786:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1693:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1670:(3): 418–26.
1669:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1565:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1540:(7): 635–40.
1539:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1493:(3): 989–94.
1492:
1488:
1481:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1412:
1397:on 2021-11-07
1396:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1374:
1370:
1366:
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1355:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1281:(8): 1023–9.
1280:
1276:
1269:
1261:
1255:
1251:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1203:
1195:
1189:
1185:
1178:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1094:
1090:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1053:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1028:
1023:
1020:
1019:anatomography
1013:
1008:
989:
982:
977:
970:
965:
964:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
931:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
902:Other animals
899:
895:
892:
891:
886:
882:
878:
877:
871:
869:
868:Franklin Mall
865:
852:
849:
847:
844:
841:
837:
834:
831:
827:
824:
821:
817:
813:
810:
807:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
793:
791:
787:
783:
776:Other disease
773:
771:
767:
766:
761:
757:
753:
751:
746:
743:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
712:
708:
704:
703:embryogenesis
700:
694:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
665:epileptogenic
662:
659:
655:
651:
647:
639:
635:
621:
618:
614:
604:
602:
597:
593:
591:
587:
582:
580:
576:
571:
561:
558:
556:
552:
551:visual cortex
548:
547:parietal lobe
544:
543:somatosensory
540:
536:
531:
527:
522:
519:
514:
507:
498:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
480:temporal lobe
477:
473:
472:frontal lobes
469:
465:
455:
453:
449:
445:
440:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:frontal lobes
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
341:
334:
330:
321:
317:
316:projections.
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
255:
249:
245:
242:
239:
237:
233:
230:
227:
225:
221:
218:
215:
213:
209:
206:
203:
200:
196:
193:
190:
188:
184:
181:
178:
176:
172:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
132:
80:
78:Pronunciation
76:
71:
66:
60:
55:
48:
43:
38:
30:
19:
2776:
2672:
2661:
2656:
2645:
2640:
2629:
2624:
2613:
2608:
2555:
2551:
2541:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2488:
2482:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2406:
2402:
2373:
2364:
2319:
2315:
2305:
2293:. Retrieved
2284:
2275:
2248:
2244:
2234:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2161:(1): 45–72.
2158:
2154:
2148:
2136:. Retrieved
2122:
2087:
2083:
2073:
2033:(1): 43–49.
2030:
2026:
2016:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1941:(3): 240–7.
1938:
1934:
1924:
1891:
1887:
1835:
1799:
1795:
1785:
1753:(1): 75–86.
1750:
1746:
1736:
1706:(8): 795–8.
1703:
1699:
1692:
1667:
1663:
1656:
1626:(1): 512–9.
1623:
1619:
1613:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1537:
1533:
1523:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1427:
1423:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:the original
1390:
1381:
1367:(2): 51–61.
1364:
1360:
1354:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1249:
1243:
1216:
1212:
1202:
1183:
1177:
1168:
1118:
1114:
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539:Broca's area
535:motor cortex
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464:white matter
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2807:Archicortex
2769:human brain
2703:Wikiversity
2505:NeuroReport
2251:(1): 7–16.
1700:NeuroReport
1219:(1): 1–18.
1036:post mortem
947:chimpanzees
943:myelination
939:myelination
879:article by
770:FG syndrome
752:disorders.
613:left-handed
601:transgender
411:bird's beak
407:optic stalk
310:human brain
278:nerve tract
169:Identifiers
143:Human brain
2921:Categories
2646:Marsupials
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2027:NeuroImage
1620:NeuroImage
1487:NeuroImage
1401:2018-09-17
1048:References
916:marsupials
912:monotremes
885:morphology
864:R. B. Bean
590:anisotropy
518:tractogram
418:cerebellum
378:, and the
187:NeuroNames
2338:2051-5960
2047:1053-8119
1957:143304810
1346:145178347
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658:grand mal
458:Relations
324:Structure
2790:Splenium
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2600:16587795
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2378:Archived
2356:30567587
2289:Archived
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2183:40226538
2138:July 18,
2132:Archived
2114:18192521
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2008:34851460
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1472:19875694
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1295:18672233
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1033:Sagittal
935:primates
881:Holloway
820:necrosis
806:agraphia
804:without
802:Dyslexia
765:Rain Man
756:Kim Peek
716:seizures
681:PET scan
661:seizures
646:epilepsy
629:Epilepsy
549:and the
524:Thinner
430:midbrain
428:and the
380:splenium
199:NeuroLex
157:Function
2800:Rostrum
2795:Tapetum
2767:in the
2692:at the
2591:1086100
2560:Bibcode
2474:7089533
2454:Bibcode
2446:Science
2431:9909395
2423:9353793
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2267:8554070
2258:1914936
2175:5293999
2084:Seizure
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1999:8843913
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1896:Bibcode
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1463:2770441
1432:Bibcode
1373:1365702
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1303:5641608
1235:4913253
1136:3197828
1075:9757322
955:macaque
876:Science
858:History
782:lesions
654:complex
553:at the
424:of the
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2634:p. 50
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2582:86284
2578:JSTOR
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2110:S2CID
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526:axons
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372:trunk
290:brain
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149:Parts
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2334:ISSN
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2140:2010
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2061:PMID
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2004:PMID
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