212:
310:, said that the truck "with those people in it charged through those cordons of Guards; that several Guards jumped on to the lorry and tried to divert the driver by catching hold of the steering wheel and trying to twist it". Some contemporary news sources suggest that the ramming truck knocked down the surrounding police cordon "like ninepins and crush a police inspector against a gate". Other, later, sources suggest that the senior officer (a superintendent) was injured in a fall, while attempting to avoid being struck, rather than being hit directly by the truck.
329:
39:
234:, was negotiated in 1938. During this period, a 20% duty was imposed on animals and agricultural goods, resulting in significant losses for Ireland. Specifically, poultry trade declined by 80%, butter trade by 50% and cattle prices dropped by 50%. Some farmers were forced to kill and bury animals because they couldn't afford to maintain them.
207:
should pay £3.1 million in land annuities to Great
Britain, and despite advice that an economic war with Britain could have catastrophic consequences for Ireland (as 96% of exports were to Britain), de Valera's new Irish government refused to pay these annuities – though they continued to collect and
313:
A man named
Michael Lynch (wearing the distinctive blue shirt) and approximately 20 others reportedly managed to enter the yard. As soon as they entered the yard they were fired upon by armed "special branch" police detectives who were in the yard. Lynch later succumbed to his injuries at the South
359:
stood beside O'Duffy as the
Blueshirt leader gave an oration saying "We are going to carry on until our mission is accomplished those 20 brave men, whose deed will live for ever, not only in Cork but in every county in Ireland, broke through in the lorry all Blueshirts should try to emulate his
347:
and military drills. Farmers in
Munster reportedly stopped work for an hour, and Blueshirt members asked shopkeepers to close their businesses, as a show of respect for the "martyr". Lynch was afforded a "full Blueshirt burial", and the coffin was adorned with the flag of the Blueshirts (the Army
490:
The most famous case of
Blueshirt opposition to a sale of seized cattle took place on 13 August 1934, and ended with the death of a young Blueshirt, Michael Lynch. Lynch, along with other Blueshirts, had planned an attack on the yard where the sale was to take place The Blueshirt lorry smashed
305:
Around noon, three thousand protestors assembled. Within twenty-five minutes, an attempt was made to breach the yard gate by ramming it with a truck. According to
Oireachtas records, there were approximately 20 men in the truck which they ran against the gate. The Minister for Justice
286:
By 1934, tensions escalated, and a series of anti-establishment incidents were attributed to the
Blueshirts. These incidents ranged from minor acts of violence, such as breaking windows, to more serious offenses like assault and shootings.
370:
When the matter was discussed in the Senate in
September 1934, and before a vote was taken to " the action of the members of the special branch of the Gárda Síochána on Monday, the 13th August 1934", the senators who supported
698:
In one such confrontation in Cork, a young farmer's son and
Blueshirt, Michael Patrick Lynch was shot dead by Broy's Harriers His funeral was a spectacular Blueshirt show of strength, complete with Roman salutes and military
782:
Michael Lynch at Marsh's Yard in Cork was vitally influential. It provided the
Blueshirts with a young hero, a martyr who had fallen in action (part of the pantheon of fascist heroism). Lynch was given a full Blueshirt
249:. Fine Gael garnered substantial support from rural farmers who were particularly affected by the Economic War. They strongly objected to the collection of land annuities by the
70:
275:
started to seize animals and farm equipment, auctioning them to recover the outstanding funds. While seized cattle were auctioned, local farmers rarely participated. Instead,
878:
Patriots to a Man, The Blueshirts and Their Times (2001) RTÉ documentary covering the roles played by "lesser known" Blueshirts including Michael Patrick Lynch
363:
The court granted the family £300 in 1935. This was appealed to the High Court, followed by the Supreme Court, which dismissed the case. In the Supreme Court,
491:
through the locked gates of the yard. Once inside the Blueshirts were confronted by armed men of the Broy Harriers. They opened fire, and Lynch was shot
320:
Following the shooting, a riot ensued, but when news of Lynch's death reached the participants, they ceased rioting, knelt, and recited a Rosary.
823:
260:, transformed into an agrarian protest organisation, mobilising against seizures, cattle auctions, and those tasked with collecting annuities.
892:
740:
271:, a key figure in Irish politics, encouraged farmers to withhold payment of land annuities to the government. Arising from this stance,
382:, County Cork, consisting of a limestone Celtic cross and pedestal. The pedestal is engraved with a quote from the American orator,
627:"Dáil Éireann debate - Wednesday, 14 Nov 1934 - Vol. 54 No. 1 - Ceisteanna—Questions - Oral Answers - Incidents in Cork Sale Yard"
337:
386:: "The humblest citizen of all the land, when clad in the armour of a righteous cause is stronger than all the hosts of error".
161:
opposed to the collection of annuities from auctioned cattle rammed a truck through the gate of an ongoing cattle auction. The
711:
728:
Photo of Mourners give the blueshirt salute at the funeral of Michael Lynch in Dunbullogue , co. Cork 15/08/1934 - ref. 373b
606:"Dáil Éireann debate - Wednesday, 6 Apr 1938 - Vol. 70 No. 12 - Ceisteanna—Questions - Oral Answers - Marsh's Yard Shooting"
253:
government. The Blueshirts, a paramilitary organisation founded as the Army Comrades Association in 1932 and led by former
551:
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657:"Dáil Éireann debate - Wednesday, 14 Nov 1934 - Vol. 54 No. 1 - Adjournment Debate - Incidents in Cork Sale Yard"
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dealers, often associated with the name O'Neill, were the primary buyers. These auctions were protected by the
681:
336:
The funeral of Michael Lynch occurred on 15 August 1934. The funeral procession was planned to depart from
302:. The police established a cordon by 10:00 a.m., with 300 officers on duty. Lorries arrived at 11:00 a.m.
504:
231:
200:
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185:(1922–1923). The aftermath left Ireland with damaged infrastructure and hindered its early development.
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The occasion allowed for a significant show of force for Eoin O'Duffy and the Blueshirts, and featured
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bravery and nobleness. Every Blueshirt is prepared to go the way of Michael for his principles".
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177:(1919–1921), Britain relinquished its control over much of Ireland. However, aspects of the
165:
opened fire and one man, 22 year old Michael Lynch, was killed and several others injured.
8:
897:
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423:
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In August 1940, a memorial was unveiled on the tomb of Lynch in Dunbulloge Cemetery in
254:
230:(also known as the "Economic War"), which persisted until 1935, when a new treaty, the
178:
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Auxiliary Gardaí shot at protestors who rammed a truck through a gate and police cordon
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Aftermath of the ramming of Marsh's Yard, at Copley Street in Cork, on 13 August 1934
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On 13 August 1934, an auction took place at Marsh's Yard in Copley Street in
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Funeral Procession of Michael Lynch in Patrick Street, Cork - 15 August 1934
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Protest against sale of cattle confiscated for non-payment of land annuities
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described the Broy Harriers as 'an excrescence' upon An Garda Síochána.
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Despite the violence, the auction proceeded after a one-hour delay.
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38:
406:
Ryan, Raymond (2005). "The Anti-Annuity Payment Campaign, 1934-6".
712:"Irish examiner - 100 years of news pictures from book year: 1934"
505:"Public Policy in an emerging state: The Irish Free State 1922-25"
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occurred on 13 August 1934, at the Copley Street Repository,
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and headed the Anti-Treaty movement during the civil war,
552:"When Dev defaulted: the land annuities dispute, 1926–38"
747:. Montreal, Canada. Associated Press. 16 August 1934
581:""Cork Shootings"; Senate Debate, 6 September 1934"
181:, which had marked the end of the war, led to the
283:, an armed auxiliary group linked to the police.
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135:25 injured, one subsequently died of injuries
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802:. Dublin: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 203.
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766:Griffin, Roger; Feldman, Matthew (2004).
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241:emerged as a political party—a merger of
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478:. Four Courts Press. pp. 144, 145.
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455:. Queensland, Australia. 15 August 1934
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203:. While the treaty stipulated that the
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833:. Waterford. 24 August 1940. p. 1
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682:"The Blueshirts – fascism in Ireland?"
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741:"Thousands attend funeral of Victim"
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338:Saints Peter and Paul's Church, Cork
208:retain them in the Irish exchequer.
893:Riots and civil disorder in Ireland
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314:Infirmary; 36 others were wounded.
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824:"Local Happenings - Cork Memorial"
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476:The Blueshirts and Irish politics
800:Ireland in the Twentieth Century
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857:"Image of gravestone memorial"
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193:against the Anglo-Irish treaty
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463:– via trove.nla.gov.au.
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768:Fascism: The 'fascist epoch'
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232:Anglo-Irish Trade Agreement
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861:readingthesigns.weebly.com
770:. Routledge. p. 253.
550:Maxwell, Nick (May 2011).
375:'s government walked out.
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175:Irish War of Independence
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908:History of Cork (city)
384:William Jennings Bryan
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474:Cronin, Mike (1997).
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247:National Centre Party
228:Anglo-Irish trade war
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197:came to power in 1932
558:. No. 3. Dublin
453:The Morning Bulletin
353:Minister for Justice
218:saluting a group of
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351:According to the
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255:Garda Commissioner
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201:re-elected in 1933
179:Anglo-Irish Treaty
151:Copley Street riot
87:51.8952°N 8.4665°W
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143:At least 11
119:Resulted in
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887:Categories
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220:Blueshirts
169:Background
159:Blueshirts
127:Casualties
96: (
74:51°53′43″N
517:: 66–81.
324:Aftermath
239:Fine Gael
237:In 1933,
111:Caused by
77:8°27′59″W
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751:27 March
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132:Injuries
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29:Part of
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