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because they will never set as seen from that latitude. If the star's declination absolute value exceed the observer's colatitude in the opposite hemisphere, then it will never be seen from that location. For example,
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is seen with upper culmination altitude of 72° north (or 108° south) w.r.t. the observer and its declination is known (60°S), then it can be determined that the observer's colatitude is
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are defined to be negative, and as a result the colatitude is a non-negative quantity, ranging from zero at the North pole to 180° at the South pole.
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Adding the declination of a star to the observer's colatitude gives the maximum altitude of that star (its angle from the
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Stars whose declination absolute value exceed the observer's colatitude in the corresponding hemisphere (see
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42:The colatitude corresponds to the conventional
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58:Latitude and colatitude sum up to 90°.
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219:or upper transit). For example, if
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16:Complement of latitude; polar angle
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315:Orientation (geometry)
261:Schwarzschild metric
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280:Weisstein, Eric W.
29:complementary angle
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229:90° − 48° = 42°S
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240:circumpolar
236:culmination
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97:South pole
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70:Colatitude
48:cartography
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25:colatitude
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