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has a unique harmonic structure: the melody is in the 2nd tenor or "lead" voice, while the 1st tenor takes the next part up, usually in 3rds, with the baritone and bass voices supporting. The bass line tends to be more rhythmic and covers the root notes of the harmonic progression, providing more
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of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, influencing many
English and American artists of that era. They often used the more traditional TTBB or SSAA 4-part structure, but with heavy use of solos and call-and-response, which is rooted in the
233:, performed and recorded this style in the 1920s, and continued it on commercial radio of the 1930s. Close harmony singing was especially popular in the 1940s with pop and R&B groups using the technique quite frequently.
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often used close harmony in their works and other intervals, such as 7ths, 9ths, and 11ths may be used since the chords have four or more notes and the harmonies are more complex. In
295:"support" and independence than in classical vocal music, since Barbershop is usually sung a cappella. Barbershop can be sung by people of any gender. Public domain pieces, such as "
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Soul and gospel groups flourished in
America in the years after World War II, building on the foundation of blues, 1930s gospel songs and big band music. Originally called "
373:(soprano clarinet, alto, tenor, and baritone saxophones) to make a distinctive sound by harmonizing the different sections all within a single octave. Miller studied the
381:, who is credited with helping Miller create the "Miller sound", and under whose tutelage he himself composed what became his signature theme, "Moonlight Serenade".
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describes how far apart the notes in a chord are voiced. A triad in close harmony has compact spacing, while one in open harmony has wider spacing.
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church. These groups sometimes sang a cappella but also used instrumental backing, especially when recorded by the bigger labels.
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lower, while in open harmony the middle note of the chord is played an octave lower creating an "open" space in the chord.
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Close harmony or voicing can refer to both instrumental and vocal arrangements. It can follow the standard
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229:", 1933) and The Hamilton Sisters and Fordyce ("Who? You That's Who!", 1927), who then became
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Das Wesen des musikalischen
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Origins of this style of singing are found in harmonies of the 1800s in
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performance, block harmony means that close position chords are added below the
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groups in the 1950s and 60s also used this technique, usually 3- or 4-part
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Early radio quartets continued this tradition. Female harmonists, like
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A well-known example of consistent instrumental close harmony is
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between the top and bottom notes. In contrast, a chord is in
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
39:"Barbershop harmony" redirects here. For other uses, see
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Beyond
Category: The Life and Genius of Duke Ellington
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used close harmony, echoing their chosen role-models,
268:, a group that is still recording today. Artists like
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harmony with one person (either bass or lead) doing a
284:were a duo that used close harmony in the genre of
327:can be seen as a commercialization of this genre.
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659:The Do It Yourself Handbook for Keyboard Playing
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539:"100 Greatest Artists: 33. The Everly Brothers"
657:Shanaphy, Edward and Knowlton, Joseph (1990).
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452:(5th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. p.
567:"Charlie Louvin, Country Singer, Dies at 83"
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369:" which uses the full range of single-reed
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565:Friskics-Warren, Bill (26 January 2011).
519:), p. 18. Translator: John Rothgeb.
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197:download the audio file
165:download the audio file
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727:Close and open harmony
646:The Schillinger System
597:, New York: Da Capo,
375:Schillinger technique
274:Simon & Garfunkel
623:May 4, 2006, at the
41:Barbershop arranging
32:For other uses, see
799:Musical terminology
282:The Louvin Brothers
278:The Everly Brothers
235:The Andrews Sisters
223:The Boswell Sisters
133:with the melody in
86:) if its notes are
572:The New York Times
379:Joseph Schillinger
367:Moonlight Serenade
331:Instrumental music
292:Barbershop harmony
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102:(also called
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732:Common tone
722:Block chord
578:15 February
415:Block chord
270:The Beatles
239:swing music
227:Mood Indigo
145:Vocal music
793:Categories
550:19 January
463:0072852607
426:References
420:Open chord
304:race music
149:See also:
746:Inversion
321:Pop music
737:Doubling
621:Archived
508:(1982).
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409:See also
208:Schubert
88:arranged
809:Harmony
515:(1934:
399:doubles
325:doo-wop
178:" with
112:spacing
768:Octave
762:higher
760:, and
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403:octave
395:melody
246:gospel
139:sixths
135:thirds
96:octave
74:is in
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391:organ
377:with
244:Many
92:range
72:chord
744:and
663:ISBN
599:ISBN
580:2017
552:2014
521:ISBN
490:ISBN
468:OCLC
458:ISBN
365:'s "
354:and
348:jazz
342:and
323:and
310:and
272:and
258:TTBB
254:SSAA
250:soul
248:and
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