327:. Because of the high costs of urban land, many neighborhoods were congested and run down, making it unhealthy and an unenjoyable place to live in. Sunnyside was different; the land was not being used by the railroad company so it was cheap. Stein had a very important job with Sunnyside. He was responsible not only for developing a more generally affordable neighborhood, but also making it a healthy and enjoyable place to live. He designed more natural green space with much light, resulting in a serene living environment. In between all the apartment buildings there was a central public open space, such as a play ground or mini park. The park was then surrounded by individual private gardens that went to the ground level of the apartments. Gardens were also placed on the front of the apartment buildings between the road and the building. This helped break up the long lines of houses and also created an appealing mood. Stein needed as much space as possible to incorporate gardens and open areas. Because of this, he had to place the garages by themselves separate from the apartment buildings. The ending outcome of Sunnyside was very successful.
338:, roughly double the area of Sunnyside. The vision for Radburn was of an integrated self-sustaining community, surrounded by greenbelts, specialized automotive thoroughfares (main linking roads, serviced lanes for direct access to buildings, and express highways), and a complete separation of auto and pedestrian traffic. These thoroughfares were called superblocks. This was because the block is very large with a very large road surrounding the houses within. Stein knew that the community could not survive without a road system but he also didn't want the roads dominating the land. Instead, the superblocks make the main focus on the yards and the gardens surrounding the buildings. This grand vision was informed by the lessons of Sunnyside, and by the comparable city-planning work of
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movement. In concert with his brothers and a small cohort of like-minded young men, many of whom would be influential partners for the rest of his career, Stein started the Young Men's
Municipal Club, an organization modeled on many other such burgeoning social amelioration movements (Jane Adams's,
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academy. Instead, he focused on a progressive curriculum newly installed at
Columbia under the influence of Dewey: cabinet making, furniture design, and the useful arts. Having been deeply impressed by the vision of modern Paris while on his European tour, Stein decided to attend the prestigious,
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thought: the integration of physical and mental labor, the importance of a universal humanistic philosophy, the concept of a nurtured individualistic sensibility. Intense and self-absorbed, the young Stein had a nervous collapse shortly before he was scheduled to leave for college, experiencing a
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In the 1930s, Stein and the other members of the RPAA saw their social housing cause adopted by the government, at least for a while. They lobbied for the creation of government-sponsored planned communities, under the short-lived
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A diagram showing the street network structure of
Radburn and its nested hierarchy. Separate pedestrian paths run through the green spaces between the culs-de-sac and through the central green spine (the shaded area was not
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He returned to New York and worked in his family's casket business, where the combination of physical and mental labor matched the philosophy in which he had been educated, much in keeping with his contemporary
261:. The RPAA has remained a formative and influential organization in regional planning, especially in the New York Metropolitan area. Stein served as a president of the RPAA from 1925 to 1948.
188:: travel to the artistic and cultural centers of Europe, in this case in the company of his father. Returning to the United States, he immersed himself in work in the Progressive
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249:(RPAA) to address large-scale planning issues such as affordable housing, the impact of sprawl, and wilderness preservation. Other founding members included
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While at work on that mission, Stein began to take classes at
Columbia University, but they were not the traditional liberal-arts courses common at an
299:. The 77-acre (310,000 m) low-rise pedestrian-oriented development was constructed between 1924 and 1929. It was funded by fellow RPAA officer
163:, into an upwardly-mobile Jewish family. While a youth, his family decamped to New York City, where he was immersed in the milieu surrounding the
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Hull House is an example) and dedicated to studying and then agitating for improvements to the chaotic life of the modern city.
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in Paris, where many outstanding
American architects were seeking training in design according to classical principles.
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Stein travelled extensively to other countries and established friendships with among others
Swedish statesman-planner
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project in 1935; part of the massive wartime labor-force housing at the Walt
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In 1919, Stein started his own practice in New York, and in 1921, he began his long association with fellow architect
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Among Stein's other urban-planning credits are the five-city-block
Hillside Homes in Williamsbridge, the Bronx, as a
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From 1923 to 1926, Stein served as chairman for the New York State
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Stein, Clarence. (1957). "Toward New Towns for
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as a model. This neighborhood has retained its special character and has been listed on the
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Training at the École as an architect-designer required immersion in what is today known as
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Upon returning to America, Stein joined the office of the progressive, eclectic architect
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Construction for Sunnyside started April 1, 1924, two months after it was purchased from
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Modern Architectural Theory: A Historical Survey, 1673–1968, Dr. Harry Francis Mallgrave
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Report of the Commission of Housing and Regional Planning to Governor Alfred..., 1925
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in 1911 and contributed to three of Goodhue's large-scale projects of that time: the
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Beginning in 1923 Stein and Henry Wright collaborated on the plan for
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The Writings of Clarence S. Stein: Architect of the Planned Community
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The Writings of Clarence S. Stein: Architect of the Planned Community
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Stein died on February 7, 1975, at his home in New York City.
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In 1929, Stein and Wright collaborated on the plan for the
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for which he was sent to Florida to endure a rest cure.
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Store Buildings and Neighborhood Shopping Centres, 1934
143:(June 19, 1882 – February 7, 1975) was an American
622:http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0846615.html
147:, architect, and writer, a major proponent of the
630:Stein, Clarence (1998). Kermit C. Parsons (ed.).
295:, a neighborhood of the New York City borough of
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568:"Clarence Stein at 92, pioneer in architecture"
620:Stein, Clarence. (2005). Infoplease Web site:
227:in San Diego, California, the company town of
16:American urban planner, architect, and writer
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245:In 1923, Stein also cofounded the
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454:Valley Stream Project
404:Other accomplishments
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210:Beaux-Arts Classicism
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203:École des Beaux-Arts
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478:Kitimat: A New City
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161:Rochester, New York
98:, architect, writer
82:Columbia University
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64:(1975-02-07)
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169:Progressive
689:Categories
582:2021-10-12
572:The Record
553:IMDB entry
541:Stein 1998
503:References
198:Ivy League
186:Grand Tour
182:John Dewey
616:MIT Press
392:in 1956.
340:Ernst May
155:Biography
674:"Images"
605:Sources
332:Radburn
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362:, and
319:built)
297:Queens
114:Spouse
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396:Death
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640:ISBN
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
