471:
426:
229:. His stay in Madrid ended with another arrest on 1 April 1970, after which he will spend 5 more years in jail. He didn't gain his ultimate freedom until March 1975. Once out of prison and living back in Barcelona, he worked for the newsweekly Interviú and contributed for the printed media Actual (weekly) El Correo Catalán, Diario de Barcelona, Mundo Diario (all of them dailies) and Sindicalismo (trade unions paper) among other publications.
205:, in Seville, and acted as a liaison to José Piñero for whom he provided contacts with the National Committee and Gibraltar, as well as official papers and vehicles. He also gave support to the guerrillas until he was discovered while serving at the Military Works Headquarters in Cadiz. He escaped swimming in the sea-water from beach to beach along the coast of the Strait of Gibraltar.
144:
with several papers (Emancipación, in
Almeria; Fragua Social; Hombres Libres de Guadix, Orto and Umbral). For a while he was able to combine his duties in the direction of the Libertarian Youth Provincial Committee with the management and public relations work at Faro and with sporadic visits to the frontline, until the fall of Málaga on 6 February 1937, when he had to flee northbound.
111:
situation in which the family was left. In that city
Cipriano was interned with his elder brother in the Casa de la Misericordia, a shelter for homeless kids. He began working when still a child selling candy and newspapers in the street, as a shoemaker's apprentice or as a clerk in public works, so all his training was as a worker and self-taught through reading.
217:
that organization effort was the emergence of the
National Committee Francisco Calle Mansilla and as soon as it falls to the regime's repression Cipriano becomes head of the National Committee from April 1964 to 27 April 1965, when he's arrested again after a meeting at the American Consulate in the Via Layetana street of Barcelona.
110:
His father
Federico Damiano y Silva, team foreman of Public Works, was based in a small town (Comares) where he met Cipriano's mother, Consuelo González Fernández. But his father died in 1922 of stomach cancer and she was forced to move to the province's capital (Málaga) due to the difficult economic
224:
Back from France under the false identity of
Antonio González González, he moved back to Madrid where he opposed the pact known as Cincopuntismo –the agreements reached in the 60's between the Francoist Vertical Trade Unions and a fraction of the CNT– although he had previously supported the ASO and
143:
In 1935 he was a member of Málaga's "affinity group" Los
Amantes de la Luz (The Light Lovers) with renowned libertarian activists Laya, Antonillo, El Chófer, Roa, Juan Santana Calero and Antonio El Carbonero. In 1936 he founded the anarchist Málaga's weekly Faro (Lighthouse, 1936–37) and contributed
208:
He reached
Barcelona and joined the underground National Committee of Manuel Vallejo, where he's appointed vice secretary in 1949 and occupies the secretary post when Vallejo runs away in 1951. That same year Cipriano had a prominent role in the tramways strike of Barcelona which became a symbol of
159:
where he was given a managing position in the
Propaganda Section of the Youth Regional Committee for Levante, and very soon he was elected secretary general in an Andalusian Libertarian Youth Congress. Back in Andalusia, he enrolled with the Maroto Brigade where he cofounded with Santana Calero and
135:
executions by firing squad. On 16 May 1931, before turning 15 years old, he was arrested for the first time and by 1937 he had already been in prison for three full years –in his lifetime he'll do 22 years in jail or concentration camps: ten times arrested, Cipriano was put in prison 12 times (3 of
216:
In
Barcelona he continued working underground with Catalan activists and creates with other democratic leaders the group Renacer (Rebirth) in the effort to rebuild the shattered CNT first in Catalonia and later on in Levante and Andalusia. Struggle which will cost him two further arrests. Fruit of
212:
Sentenced by a military court in Madrid to 15 years of imprisonment (on 5 February 1954) he made the most of the next six years in jail (Carabanchel and
Guadalajara) studying A Level (High School) and getting a diploma. Freed in 1959 he goes back to libertarian activist work and moves to Barcelona
220:
Detained in the notorious police headquarters in that same street, he managed to escape from the dungeons and through the shielded security installations pretending to be one more of the numerous secret policemen that roamed the building. He made it across the border and into France where he was
236:
Throughout his life he used many pseudonyms, war-names and pen-names, like Segundo Canillo, El Niño, Cigadón, Devenir, Paco, León, Antonio González or Yayo and a dozen false identities to the point he was called "Man With A Thousand Faces" for his ability to disguise and go undercover. Cipriano
232:
He participated in the Libertarian Conference of Barcelona (July 1977) and abandoned CNT organic affiliation after the internal conflicts of the Casa de Campo Conference in Madrid. Later, he contributed with the Centro de Documentación Histórico-Social (CDHS) de Barcelona, La Hora de Mañana and
160:
Antonio Morales Guzmán the magazine Nervio to educate the soldiers and provide a means of expression for the Brigade.After the defeat of the Republican forces by Franco's Army (supported by Hitler and Mussolini) he managed to arrive to the port of Alicante but was captured and sent to the
139:
In Málaga he was co-founder of the Libertarian Youth Movement (Juventudes Libertarias) and was secretary general first in the Local Federation and later in the Provincial Federation while also acting as manager of the main Food Industry Trade Union in CNT.
136:
them during the Second Republic) and went through 4 forced-labour battalions and concentration camps, breaking out of different detention centres in 9 opportunities –one of them from the very dungeons of Layetana's Police Headquarters in Barcelona.
164:
of Los Almendros and Albatera, first, then to Porta Coeli prison in Valencia and after that to Gardeny Castle in the city of Lerida, where he was assigned to the Forced Working Battalion number 26 with which he went through
184:
His popularity stemmed from his clandestine activities: under a false identity he gained a bureaucratic position in the Technical Commission for the Southern Coast Fortifications, with authority over all the area covering
509:
481:
209:
democratic fight as the first massive civic demonstration against Franco's dictatorship. He kept the position of secretary general until his arrest on 6 June 1953, in Madrid.
254:
Aguilar, Paloma; Ferrándiz, Francisco (2 January 2016). "Memory, media and spectacle: Interviú's portrayal of Civil War exhumations in the early years of Spanish democracy".
405:
450:
436:
155:
and there he reencountered Isabel Vázquez Ríos, who would be his life-long wife and mother of his only child, Cipriano Damiano Jr. He travelled with her to
213:
where he entered an advertising company and moved up the positions' ladder to the post of Chief Officer for Budget and Resources.
461:
416:
225:
kept strong international links notably with the Swedish trade union SAC and the renowned German anarcho-syndicalist leader
120:
107:, an outstanding fighter in the resistance against Franco's dictatorship and a noted editor of political publications.
320:
233:
Polémicos, and acted as well for a while as the executive editor of the trade unions magazine Solidaridad Obrera.
132:
161:
457:
412:
378:
345:
504:
499:
8:
279:
104:
353:
302:
283:
271:
166:
128:
226:
263:
470:
425:
267:
465:
420:
170:
493:
357:
275:
124:
306:
103:, 22 September 1916 – Sabadell, 17 April 1986) was a prominent leader in
174:
186:
178:
148:
156:
194:
152:
100:
299:
La CNT durante el fraquismo: clandestinidad y excilio 1939–1975
190:
510:
General secretaries of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
202:
198:
177:, from where he managed to arrive to Málaga and get into
237:
Damiano died on 7 April 1986, in Sabadell (Barcelona).
321:"ABC (Madrid) – 23/09/1971, p. 47 – ABC.es Hemeroteca"
127:of December 1930 and was deeply moved by captains'
119:
He was 14 when he enrolled in the CNT Trade Union (
346:"Cipriano Damiano, dirigente histórico de la CNT"
491:
253:
296:
147:He covered on foot the 223 kilometres from
301:. Madrid: Siglo XXI de España Editores.
16:Spanish anarcho-syndicalist (1916–1986)
492:
256:Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies
221:living in exile for several years.
13:
121:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
14:
521:
469:
424:
371:
338:
313:
297:Herrerin Lopez, Angel (2004).
290:
247:
58:Publicist, editor, accountant,
1:
352:(in Spanish). 22 April 1986.
268:10.1080/14636204.2015.1135599
240:
114:
7:
123:) after learning about the
105:Spanish anarcho-syndicalism
10:
526:
482:Francisco Royano Fernández
66:Anarcho-syndicalist leader
478:
455:
447:
433:
410:
402:
97:Cipriano Damiano González
86:
78:
70:
62:
54:
42:
30:
25:Cipriano Damiano González
23:
451:Francisco Calle Mancilla
406:Miguel Vallejo Sebastián
90:Cipriano Damiano Vázquez
133:Ángel García Hernández
437:Ismael Rodríguez Ajax
49:Sabadell (Barcelona)
162:concentration camps
82:Isabel Vázquez Ríos
383:www.estelnegre.org
488:
487:
479:Succeeded by
458:General Secretary
443:
442:
434:Succeeded by
413:General Secretary
379:"ciprianodamiano"
325:hemeroteca.abc.es
94:
93:
34:22 September 1916
517:
473:
448:Preceded by
445:
444:
428:
403:Preceded by
400:
399:
394:
393:
391:
389:
375:
369:
368:
366:
364:
342:
336:
335:
333:
331:
317:
311:
310:
294:
288:
287:
251:
37:Comares (Málaga)
21:
20:
525:
524:
520:
519:
518:
516:
515:
514:
490:
489:
484:
475:
468:
453:
439:
430:
423:
408:
398:
397:
387:
385:
377:
376:
372:
362:
360:
344:
343:
339:
329:
327:
319:
318:
314:
295:
291:
252:
248:
243:
171:Tudela de Duero
117:
71:Political party
50:
47:
38:
35:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
523:
513:
512:
507:
502:
486:
485:
480:
477:
454:
449:
441:
440:
435:
432:
409:
404:
396:
395:
370:
337:
312:
289:
245:
244:
242:
239:
227:Helmut Rüdiger
167:Ibars de Urgel
116:
113:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
64:
63:Known for
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
40:
39:
36:
32:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
522:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
497:
495:
483:
474:
472:
467:
463:
459:
452:
446:
438:
429:
427:
422:
418:
414:
407:
401:
384:
380:
374:
359:
355:
351:
347:
341:
326:
322:
316:
308:
304:
300:
293:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
250:
246:
238:
234:
230:
228:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
182:
180:
176:
172:
168:
163:
158:
154:
150:
145:
141:
137:
134:
130:
126:
125:Jaca uprising
122:
112:
108:
106:
102:
98:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
55:Occupation(s)
53:
46:17 April 1986
45:
41:
33:
29:
22:
19:
456:
411:
386:. Retrieved
382:
373:
361:. Retrieved
349:
340:
328:. Retrieved
324:
315:
298:
292:
259:
255:
249:
235:
231:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
183:
146:
142:
138:
129:Fermín Galán
118:
109:
96:
95:
18:
505:1986 deaths
500:1916 births
262:(1): 1–25.
494:Categories
476:1964–1965
431:1951–1953
241:References
175:Valladolid
358:1134-6582
284:146995035
276:1463-6204
187:Algeciras
179:Gibraltar
115:Biography
466:Interior
421:Interior
307:62719096
157:Valencia
87:Children
464:in the
460:of the
419:in the
415:of the
388:31 July
363:31 July
350:El País
330:31 July
195:Barbate
153:Almeria
101:Comares
356:
305:
282:
274:
191:Tarifa
149:Málaga
79:Spouse
280:S2CID
203:Jerez
199:Cadiz
390:2019
365:2019
354:ISSN
332:2019
303:OCLC
272:ISSN
201:and
173:and
131:and
43:Died
31:Born
462:CNT
417:CNT
264:doi
151:to
74:CNT
496::
381:.
348:.
323:.
278:.
270:.
260:17
258:.
197:,
193:,
189:,
181:.
169:,
392:.
367:.
334:.
309:.
286:.
266::
99:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.