Church of the Holy Sepulchre

2570: 316: 3080: 1525: 2960: 2767: 2288: 2613: 3153: 2952: 2625: 1674: 3122: 2370: 2661: 45: 2586: 4610:: "Following an inspiration from on high, Macarius caused the three crosses to be carried, one after the other, to the bedside of a worthy woman who was at the point of death. The touch of the other two was of no avail; but on touching that upon which Christ had died the woman got suddenly well again. From a letter of St. Paulinus to Severus inserted in the Breviary of Paris it would appear that St. Helena herself had sought by means of a miracle to discover which was the True Cross and that she caused a man already dead and buried to be carried to the spot, whereupon, by contact with the third cross, he came to life. From yet another tradition, related by 2673: 2637: 2047: 2700:, in reference to a small shrine. The Aedicule has two rooms: the first holds a relic called the Angel's Stone, which is believed to be a fragment of the large stone that sealed the tomb; the second, smaller room contains the tomb of Jesus. Possibly to prevent pilgrims from removing bits of the original rock as souvenirs, by 1555, a surface of marble cladding was placed on the tomb to prevent further damage to the tomb. In October 2016, the top slab was pulled back to reveal an older, partially broken marble slab with a Crusader-style cross carved in it. Beneath it, the limestone burial bed was revealed to be intact. 3025: 1167: 2059: 3186: 2844: 2442: 2997: 1244: 1158: 3513: 2308: 9501: 2450: 2649: 2899: 2601: 2240:—is placed in front of, and between, the church's two original entrance doors, of which the eastern one is walled up. It is one of the few tombs of crusaders and other Europeans not removed from the Church after the Khwarizmian capture of Jerusalem in 1244. In the 1900s, during a fight between the Greeks and Latins, some monks damaged the tomb by throwing stones from the roof. A stone marker was placed on his tomb in 1925, sheltered by a wooden trapdoor that hides it from view. 1809: 2860: 1740: 3493:, a Franciscan priest and archaeologist, who was present at the excavations, estimated from the archaeological evidence that the western retaining wall of the temple itself would have passed extremely close to the east side of the supposed tomb; if the wall had been any further west any tomb would have been crushed under the weight of the wall (which would be immediately above it) if it had not already been destroyed when foundations for the wall were made. 9935: 8909: 3312:. The wooden doors that compose the main entrance are the original, highly carved doors. The Joudeh al-Goudia (al-Ghodayya) family were entrusted as custodian to the keys of the Holy Sepulchre by Saladin in 1187. Despite occasional disagreements, religious services take place in the Church with regularity and coexistence is generally peaceful. An example of concord between the Church custodians is the full restoration of the Aedicule from 2016 to 2017. 1827:, and that area has remained under Israeli control ever since. Under Israeli rule, legal arrangements relating to the churches of East Jerusalem were maintained in coordination with the Jordanian government. The dome at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre was restored again in 1994–97 as part of extensive modern renovations that have been ongoing since 1959. During the 1970–78 restoration works and excavations inside the building, and under the nearby 3473:, which is smaller than the former forum). The forum itself had been placed, as is traditional in Roman towns, at the junction of the main north–south road with the other main east–west road (which is now El-Bazar/David Street). The temple and forum together took up the entire space between the two main east–west roads (a few above-ground remains of the east end of the temple precinct still survive in the Alexander Nevsky Church complex of the 3226: 9923: 8897: 9947: 8921: 3652: 3638: 1950: 3504:(Venus) matching Corbo's design, and no archaeological evidence for Corbo's suggestion that the temple building was on a platform raised high enough to avoid including anything sited where the Aedicule is now; indeed Bahat notes that many temples to Aphrodite have a rotunda-like design, and argues that there is no archaeological reason to assume that the present rotunda was not based on a rotunda in the temple previously on the site. 2943:-type funeral shafts radiating from a central chamber, two of which are still exposed. Although this space was discovered relatively recently and contains no identifying marks, some believe that Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus were buried here. Since Jews always buried their dead outside the city, the presence of this tomb seems to prove that the Holy Sepulchre site was outside the city walls at the time of the crucifixion. 9971: 8945: 9959: 8933: 1330:. In 841, the church suffered a fire. In 935, the Christians prevented the construction of a Muslim mosque adjacent to the Church. In 938, a new fire damaged the inside of the basilica and came close to the rotunda. In 966, due to a defeat of Muslim armies in the region of Syria, a riot broke out, which was followed by reprisals. The basilica was burned again. The doors and roof were burnt, and Patriarch 3446: 1461:. Historians agree that the fate of Jerusalem and thereby the Church of the Holy Sepulchre was also of concern, if not the immediate goal of papal policy in 1095. The idea of taking Jerusalem gained more focus as the Crusade was underway. The rebuilt church site was taken from the Fatimids (who had recently taken it from the Abbasids) by the knights of the First Crusade on 15 July 1099. 3981: 1517:, chronicler of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, reports on the rebuilding of the church in the mid-12th century. The Crusaders investigated the eastern ruins on the site, occasionally excavating through the rubble, and while attempting to reach the cistern, they discovered part of the original ground level of Hadrian's temple enclosure; they transformed this space into a 1399:

from the passion, such as the location of the prison of Christ and his flagellation, and presumably were so placed because of the difficulties of free movement among shrines in the city streets. The dedication of these chapels indicates the importance of the pilgrims' devotion to the suffering of Christ. They have been described as "a sort of

3437:– an organization that seeks to increase the number of Jews living in the Old City and East Jerusalem. The church leaders warned that if the organization gets to control the sites, Christians could lose access to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. In June 2022, the Supreme Court upheld the sale and ended the legal battle. 3426:. But, due to property sales, these properties are diminishing every year. The decision to sell is made by Greek leaders, even though most local followers of the church are Arab Palestinians. The Palestinian Christians have raised concerns about selling these properties to Israeli settler-affiliated organizations. 1398:

The rebuilt church site consisted of "a court open to the sky, with five small chapels attached to it." The chapels were east of the court of resurrection (when reconstructed, the location of the tomb was under open sky), where the western wall of the great basilica had been. They commemorated scenes

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The Patriarch's Seat is on the south-east end, and the corresponding one, immediately opposite, is occupied by one of the Archbishops of this Patriarchate, when required. This north-east Seat is popularly understood to be the throne of the Patriarch of Antioch. Even Dr. C. Schick and Baedeker make

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in 1244 but probably remained mostly intact until 1808 when a fire damaged the church. The tombs may have been destroyed by the fire, or during renovations by the Greek Orthodox custodians of the church in 1809–1810. The remains of the kings may still be in unmarked pits under the church's pavement.

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as part of a more general campaign against Christian places of worship in Palestine and Egypt. The damage was extensive, with few parts of the early church remaining, and the roof of the rock-cut tomb damaged; the original shrine was destroyed. Some partial repairs followed. Christian Europe reacted

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This reliquary, now in the Treasury of the Greek Patriarch in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, was discovered in 1893 ... the Church of Mar Hanna, formerly the Conventual Church of the Hospitallers ... The reliquary is of crystal in the shape of mitre set in a framework of gilded bronze, decorated

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in: Wolfram R. Keller & Dagmar Schlueter (Ed.) 'A fantastic and abstruse Latinity'? Hiberno-Continental Cultural and Literary Interactions in the Middle Ages, Studien und Texte zur Keltologie (Münster: Nodus Publikationen), p. 66. "...there is not a single publication on the Holy Sepulchre

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has been responsible for opening the door as an impartial party to the church's denominations already since the seventh century. However, they themselves admit that the documents held by various Christian denominations only mention their role since the 12th century, in the time of Saladin, which is

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East of the Chapel of Saint Helena, the excavators discovered a void containing a second-century drawing of a Roman pilgrim ship, two low walls supporting the platform of Hadrian's second-century temple, and a higher fourth-century wall built to support Constantine's basilica. After the excavations

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in miniature" since little or no rebuilding took place on the site of the great basilica. Western pilgrims to Jerusalem during the 11th century found much of the sacred site in ruins. Control of Jerusalem, and thereby the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, continued to change hands several times between

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sermons were to be pronounced in az-Zahir's name. Muslim sources say a by-product of the agreement was the renunciation of Islam by many Christians who had been forced to convert under al-Hakim's persecutions. In addition, the Byzantines, while releasing 5,000 Muslim prisoners, made demands for the

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The New Testament describes Jesus's tomb as being outside the city wall, as was normal for burials across the ancient world, which were regarded as unclean. Today, the site of the Church is within the current walls of the old city of Jerusalem. It has been well documented by archaeologists that in

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The church was called 'the Resurrection' by many Byzantine writers, and it is this title that was adopted by Christian and Muslim Arab historians from the 10th century onward... Robinson and Smith (1856: 377, n. 1) noted that local Jerusalemites of the 19th century still called the church by its

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Then indeed did this most holy cave present a faithful similitude of his return to life, in that, after lying buried in darkness, it again emerged to light, and afforded to all who came to witness the sight, a clear and visible proof of the wonders of which that spot had once been the scene, a

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of the Cross), which can be touched through a hole in the floor beneath the altar. The rock can be seen under protective glass on both sides of the altar. The softer surrounding stone was removed when the church was built. The Roman Catholic (Franciscan) Chapel of the Nailing of the Cross (the

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were present. Initially, only a layer of debris was visible. This was cleared in the next day, and a partially broken marble slab with a Crusader-style cross carved was revealed. By the night of 28 October, the original limestone burial bed was shown to be intact. The tomb was resealed shortly

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in Jerusalem. Contemporary sources credit the emperor with spending vast sums in an effort to restore the Church of the Holy Sepulchre after this agreement was made. Still, "a total replacement was far beyond available resources. The new construction was concentrated on the rotunda and its

3349:, in April 2008, a brawl broke out when a Greek monk was ejected from the building by a rival faction. Police were called to the scene but were also attacked by the enraged brawlers. On Sunday, 9 November 2008, a clash erupted between Armenian and Greek monks during celebrations for the 3370:

over 152 million euros of uncollected taxes on church properties. The city hall stressed that the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and all other churches are exempt from the taxes, with the changes only affecting establishments like "hotels, halls and businesses" owned by the churches.

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of Jerusalem consecrated. It was at the initiative of Israeli professor Gustav Kühnel to erect a new crucifix at the church that would not only be worthy of the singularity of the site, but that would also become a symbol of the efforts of unity in the community of Christian faith.

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of the Old City of Jerusalem are both located in the northwestern and western part of the Old City, due to the fact that the Holy Sepulchre is located close to the northwestern corner of the walled city. The adjacent neighbourhood within the Christian Quarter is called the

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Just inside the church entrance is a stairway leading up to Calvary (Golgotha), traditionally regarded as the site of Jesus's crucifixion and the most lavishly decorated part of the church. The exit is via another stairway opposite the first, leading down to the

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About 326, Constantine ordered that the temple to Jupiter or Venus be replaced by a church. After the temple was torn down and its ruins removed, the soil was removed from the cave, revealing a rock-cut tomb that Macarius identified as the burial site of Jesus.

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visited the church and stopped to pray on the balcony, but at the time of prayer, turned away from the church and prayed outside. He feared that future generations would misinterpret this gesture, taking it as a pretext to turn the church into a mosque.

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The establishment of the modern Status Quo in 1853 did not halt controversy and occasional violence. In 1902, 18 friars were hospitalized and some monks were jailed after the Franciscans and Greeks disagreed over who could clean the lowest step of the

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The wooden doors that compose the main entrance are the original, highly carved arched doors. Today, only the left-hand entrance is currently accessible, as the right doorway has long since been bricked up. The entrance to the church leads to the south

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was placed to envelop the remains of Christ's tomb, probably to prevent pilgrims from touching the original rock or taking small pieces as souvenirs. A marble slab was placed over the limestone burial bed where Jesus's body is believed to have lain.

3378:, a measure which church leaders assert constitutes a serious violation of their property rights and the Status Quo. In a joint official statement the church authorities protested what they considered to be the peak of a systematic campaign in: 945:

in 1099, it continued to undergo modifications, resulting in a significant departure from the original structure. Several renovations and restorations were made under the Ottomans. The tomb itself is enclosed by a 19th-century shrine called the

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Chapel of Saint Helena – between the Chapel of the Division of Robes and the Greek Chapel of the Derision are stairs descending to the Chapel of Saint Helena. The Armenians, who own it, call it the Chapel of St. Gregory the Illuminator, after

2414:. According to tradition, Jesus was crucified over the place where Adam's skull was buried. According to some, the blood of Christ ran down the cross and through the rocks to fill Adam's skull. Through a window at the back of the 11th-century 7091:

It contains two episcopal thrones: the one on the right (south), which is the official "cathedra" of the Patriarch of Jerusalem, and the one on the left (north), where any other Orthodox bishop whom he designates may sit and preside if he is

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and the first ruler of Palestine and a forefather of the Nuseibeh family. .... Records and manuscripts kept by the various Christian denominations....all record the Nuseibeh family's and Bani Ghanem's relationship with the Holy Sepulchre,

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the time of Jesus, the walled city was smaller and the wall then was to the east of the current site of the Church. In other words, the city had been much narrower in Jesus's time, with the site then having been outside the walls; since

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Another decree in 1853 from the sultan solidified the existing territorial division among the communities and solidified the Status Quo for arrangements to "remain in their present state", requiring consensus to make even minor changes.

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had proposed a bill that will make it harder for a private company not to extend a lease for land used by homeowners. The church leaders have said that such a bill will make it harder for them to sell church-owned lands. According to

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moved his chair from its agreed spot into the shade. This was interpreted as a hostile move by the Ethiopians and eleven were hospitalized after the resulting fight. In another incident in 2004, during Orthodox celebrations of the

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Several churches and monasteries in Europe, for instance, in Germany and Russia, and at least one church in the United States have been wholly or partially modelled on the Church of the Resurrection, some even reproducing other

3976: 1881:. The existence of the original limestone cave walls within the Aedicule was confirmed, and a window was created to view this from the inside. The presence of moisture led to the discovery of an underground shaft resembling an 7763: 6159:

Underneath Our Lady of Sorrows is the Greek Oratory of St. Mary of Egypt, in memory of her conversion that is said to have occurred in the atrium of the Holy Sepulchre before an icon of Mary the Mother of God that was kept

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a discriminatory and racist bill that targets solely the properties of the Christian community in the Holy Land ... This reminds us all of laws of a similar nature which were enacted against the Jews during dark periods in

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The area immediately to the south and east of the sepulchre was a quarry and outside the city during the early first century as excavations under the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer across the street demonstrated.

2569: 2418:, the rock of Calvary can be seen with a crack traditionally held to be caused by the earthquake that followed Jesus's death; some scholars claim it is the result of quarrying against a natural flaw in the rock. 1791:

had an important role in the appropriation of the Holy Sepulcher, such as funds for the maintenance of external infrastructures, and the abolition of territorial claims near the Temple of the Holy Sepulcher, the

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by Komnenos had deteriorated badly and was detaching from the underlying structure; from 1947 until restoration work in 2016–17, it was held in place with an exterior scaffolding of iron girders installed by the

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The Church of the Holy Sepulchre site has been recognized since early in the fourth century as the place where Jesus was crucified, buried, and rose from the dead. The church was consecrated on 13 September 335.

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again in 1808, causing the dome of the rotunda to collapse and smashing the Aedicule's exterior decoration. The rotunda and the Aedicule's exterior were rebuilt in 1809–10 by architect Nikolaos Ch. Komnenos of

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roughly overlapped with the temple building itself; the excavations indicate that the temple extended at least as far back as the Aedicule, and the temple enclosure would have reached back slightly further.

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carved into the bedrock, seeming to lead from the tomb. For the first time since at least 1555, on 26 October 2016, marble cladding that protects the supposed burial bed of Jesus was removed. Members of the

929:. Both locations are considered immensely holy sites by Christians. In earlier times, the site was used as a Jewish burial ground, upon which a pagan temple was built. The church and rotunda was built under 6400: 2389:

Calvary is split into two chapels: one Greek Orthodox and one Catholic, each with its own altar. On the left (north) side, the Greek Orthodox chapel's altar is placed over the supposed rock of Calvary (the

7203: 2104:—stand opposite the church, at the top of a short descending staircase stretching over the entire breadth of the parvis. In the 13th century, the tops of the columns were removed and sent to Mecca by the 4264: 7738: 4727: 5981: 6312: 3395:, and any land which is owned and used as a commercial land. The church holds the rights to land where private homes have been constructed, and some of the disagreement had been raised after the 2687: 7831: 3534:(41–44) is recorded by history as extending the city to the north (beyond the present northern walls), the required repositioning of the western wall is traditionally attributed to him as well. 2672: 3457:

The site of the church had been a temple to Jupiter or Venus built by Hadrian before Constantine's edifice was built. Hadrian's temple had been located there because it was the junction of the

3342:, a door to the Franciscan chapel was left open. This was taken as a sign of disrespect by the Orthodox and a fistfight broke out. Some people were arrested, but no one was seriously injured. 3067:

on Mount Zion is also alleged to have been the Prison of Christ. To reconcile the traditions, some allege that Jesus was held in the Mount Zion cell in connection with his trial by the Jewish

1307:, it remained a Christian church, with the early Muslim rulers protecting the city's Christian sites, prohibiting their destruction or use as living quarters. A story reports that the caliph 2499:

The wall was a temporary addition to support the arch above it, which had been weakened after the damage in the 1808 fire; it blocks the view of the rotunda, separates the entrance from the

1625:(r. 1220–50) regained the city and the church by treaty in the 13th century while under a ban of excommunication, with the consequence that the holiest church in Christianity was laid under 980:

and secular entities in complicated arrangements essentially unchanged for over 160 years, and some for much longer. The main denominations sharing property over parts of the church are the

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In 1948, Jerusalem was divided between Israel and Jordan and where the church was located, in the Old City, were made part of Jordan. In 1967, Israeli forces captured East Jerusalem in the

1694:" at a particular time, often through outright bribery. Violent clashes were not uncommon. There was no agreement about this question, although it was discussed at the negotiations to the 8583: 7928: 7408: 2225: 2146: 2128: 8357: 1511:, but there is no evidence of the site's identification before the 11th century, and modern archaeological investigation has now dated the cistern to 11th-century repairs by Monomachos. 2139: 2541:) that has traditionally been used by the church's Muslim doorkeepers, along with some Christian clergy, as well as electrical wiring. To the right of the entrance is a wall along the 2907: 2352:, Saladin entrusted the Joudeh family with the key to the church, which is made of iron and 30 centimetres (12 in) long; the Nuseibehs either became or remained its doorkeepers. 3391:

does not cover any church buildings or religious related facilities (because they are exempt by law), but commercial facilities such as the Notre Dame Hotel which was not paying the

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A Brief Description of the Holy Sepulchre Jerusalem and Other Christian Churches in the Holy City: With Some Account of the Medieval Copies of the Holy Sepulchre Surviving in Europe

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destination since its creation in the fourth century, as the traditional site of the resurrection of Christ, thus its original Greek name, Church of the Anastasis ('Resurrection').

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The stated aim of the bill is to protect homeowners against the possibility that private companies will not extend their leases of land on which their houses or apartments stand.

2807:("navel") stone once thought to be the center of the world and still venerated as such by Orthodox Christians (associated with the site of the Crucifixion and the Resurrection). 2340:. This narrow way of access to such a large structure has proven to be hazardous at times. For example, when a fire broke out in 1840, dozens of pilgrims were trampled to death. 7342: 10885: 8044:. There are also the Egyptian mortuary-temples, where the object of worship was the deified royal person entombed, but Egyptian temples to the major gods contained no burials. 7854: 4791: 2422: 7991: 6038: 3041: 3201:) – another set of 22 stairs from the Chapel of Saint Helena leads down to the Roman Catholic Chapel of the Invention of the Holy Cross, believed to be the place where the 11449: 6907: 4034:

One of the two chapels within the shrine, a pilaster incorporates a piece of the stone said to have been rolled away from the tomb; it functions as a Greek Orthodox altar.

3259:(decree) of 1852/3, which pinned down the now-permanent statutes of property and the regulations concerning the roles of the different denominations and other custodians. 3589: 2252:

complex of the Constantinian church. The southernmost chapel was the vestibule, the middle chapel the baptistery, and the north chapel the chamber in which the patriarch

1853:, and created an artificial walkway over the quarry on the north of the chapel, so that the new chapel could be accessed (by permission) from the Chapel of Saint Helena. 11384: 4515: 2636: 769: 7888: 5948: 2660: 11414: 9312: 6434: 3560:, a term derived from the Persian word for hospital – Christian pilgrim hospices have been maintained in this area near the Holy Sepulchre since at least the time of 7543: 7283: 7174: 6770: 6652: 6104: 5815: 5363: 5175: 3429:

In June 2019, a number of Christian denominations in Jerusalem raised their voice against the Supreme Court's decision to uphold the sale of three properties by the

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archaeologist, the decoration was once inlaid with pieces of glass and fine marble; it indicates that the relic was the front of the church's high altar from the

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After the renovation of 1555, control of the church oscillated between the Franciscans and the Orthodox, depending on which community could obtain a favourable

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with the Tomb of Joseph of Arimathea, located in a Constantinian apse and containing an opening to an ancient Jewish rock-cut tomb. This chapel is where the

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structure unsafe. A restoration of the Aedicule was agreed upon and executed from May 2016 to March 2017. Much of the $ 4 million project was funded by the

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A remarkable gold and crystal mitre-shaped reliquary of the Crusader period was kept in the church and is now on display in the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate

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under the former basilica was rumoured to have been where Helena had found the True Cross, and began to be venerated as such; the cistern later became the

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the height difference can be easily seen; the yellowish wall on the left is the 4th-century wall and the pinkish one on the right is the 2nd-century wall.

4850:" reports in 333: "There, at present, by the command of the Emperor Constantine, has been built a basilica, that is to say, a church of wondrous beauty". 4002:"with many other churches of the saints" had been attacked, and the "basilica of the Lord's Sepulchre destroyed down to the ground". The Christian writer 2624: 11454: 11324: 11319: 11309: 6322: 2430: 388: 8531: 7493: 4738:

or on holy burial sites that fails to include the floor plan by Adomnan, which consequently has become the topos of early depictions of Holy Sepulchre."

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From the archaeological excavations in the 1970s, it is clear that construction took over most of the site of the earlier temple enclosure and that the

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of the Crusader-era church, just east of the larger rotunda, is the Crusader structure housing the main altar of the Church, today the Greek Orthodox

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a small room at the top of a flight of steps is called the Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows, but is popularly referred to as the Chapel of the Franks.

2485: 5918: 1373:(al-Hakim's son) agreed to allow the rebuilding and redecoration of the church. The rebuilding was finally completed during the tenures of Emperor 7576: 2843: 2399:

of the Cross) stretches to the south. Between the Catholic Altar of the Nailing to the Cross and the Orthodox altar is the Catholic Altar of the

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had reported that the Greek Orthodox Church owns many properties across Jerusalem, Israel and the West Bank. It owns some 30% of the land in the

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is just south of the Rotunda, to the left of the entrance. Its upper level was lost in a 1545 collapse. In 1719, another two storeys were lost.

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demarcates the Orthodox sanctuary behind it, to its east. The iconostasis is flanked to the front by two episcopal thrones: the southern seat (

11409: 9617: 4025:' under one of the church's windows; it has remained in the same position since at least 1757, aside from two occasions of temporary removal. 2199: 1967: 7143: 4636: 8594: 3666: 3176:. The latter chapel contains archaeological remains from Hadrian's temple and Constantine's basilica. These areas are open only on request. 2890:. From here one can enter the Armenian monastery, which stretches over the ground and first upper floor of the church's southeastern part. 2014: 976:, an understanding between religious communities dating to 1757, applies to the site. Control of the church itself is shared among several 7259: 6555:

The Latins were left with the two southern altars on Calvary, namely, the Stabat Mater (Our Lady of Sorrows) and the Nailing to the Cross.

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reported that everything was razed "except those parts which were impossible to destroy or would have been too difficult to carry away".

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of 1757, Orthodox Christians reportedly took over some of the Franciscan-controlled church. This may have been the cause of the sultan's

1304: 857: 8497: 5887: 156: 11334: 7433: 2883: 2691: 2296: 10830: 8466: 7708: 6863: 3194: 3079: 3046: 1524: 1508: 358: 7674: 7051:"An Historical and Ecumenical Survey of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, with Notes on Its Significance for Anglicans" 6005:"Armenian Inscriptions of the Church of Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Part 1. The Chapel of John the Evangelist and Its Inscriptions" 4799: 4728:

The holy place as formula. Floor plans in Adomnan's De locis sanctis to specify the description of pilgrimage sites in the Holy Land

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newspaper Egyptian Orthodox Church owns Deir al-Sultan and the Church of the Angel and the Chapel of the Four Living Creatures.

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A shrine was built on the site of the tomb Macarius had identified as that of Jesus, enclosing the rock tomb walls within its own.

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This also contains a detailed summary of the then-current theories as to the location of the tomb, with an extensive bibliography.

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From the ninth century onward, the construction of churches inspired by the Anastasis was extended across Europe. One example is

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friars renovated the church in 1555, as it had been neglected despite increased numbers of pilgrims. The Franciscans rebuilt the

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the newly baptized before leading them into the rotunda north of this complex. Now they are dedicated as (from south to north)

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were built rather than the typical one, due to the awkward location of the Temple Mount, blocking the central east–west route.

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According to archaeologist Fredrik Hiebert, this does not resemble an archaeological excavation, but "a well-built tunnel".

3714: 3694: 3671: 3290: 3230: 3220: 3152: 2766: 2744: 2690:

is the building of the larger dome located on the far west side. In the centre of the rotunda is a small chapel called the

1729: 1709: 1199:

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, planned by the architect Zenobius, was built as separate constructs over two holy sites:

993: 973: 445: 8056: 7182: 6702: 10602: 10239: 9351: 9198: 8556:

Jerusalem 1920–1922: Being the Records of the Pro-Jerusalem Council during the First Two Years of the Civil Administratio

8548: 7798: 3071:, at the Praetorium in connection with his trial by the Roman governor Pilate, and near the Golgotha before crucifixion. 2937:

On the far side of the chapel is the low entrance to an almost complete first-century Jewish tomb, initially holding six

2458: 2404: 2287: 1982: 722: 5309: 4603: 2735:

led by the Greek Orthodox patriarch (with the participation of the Coptic and Armenian patriarchs). To its rear, in the

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are showing pilgrims yet another place where Jesus was allegedly held, the similarly named Prison of Christ in their

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The lamps that hang over the Stone of Unction, adorned with cross-bearing chain links, are contributed by Armenians,

2481: 2411: 2396: 2166: 2033: 1533: 1518: 1495:", and the food, alms, candles and oil for lamps were given to them by the pilgrims at the south door of the church. 8603: 6955: 6255: 5789: 1673: 1633:(c. 1231–47) during the last period of Latin control over Jerusalem. Both city and church were captured by the 1323:

Early in the ninth century, another earthquake damaged the dome of the Anastasis. The damage was repaired in 810 by

1320:

saying that Muslims would not inhabit this location. The building suffered severe damage from an earthquake in 746.

11055: 10689: 10397: 10254: 8769: 8685: 8588: 7078: 6800: 4663: 4172: 3744: 2391: 2132: 2090: 1479: 1085: 670: 520: 5648: 4906: 1907:. Clerics continued regular prayers inside the building, and it reopened to visitors two months later, on 24 May. 11434: 11369: 11329: 11038: 11028: 10487: 10229: 9169: 9098: 8759: 8637: 8017: 6357: 5848: 3724: 3121: 899: 850: 24: 11188: 7632: 6830: 3932:

Some Christian scholars have argued that this may have already been a site of veneration for the tomb of Jesus.

11394: 11314: 11212: 10992: 10669: 10547: 10214: 9750: 9164: 8876: 8790: 8722: 8650: 6576: 6387:. In 1192, Sultan Saladin....re-entrusted the custody of the doors of the Holy Sepulchre to the Nuseibeh's .... 6016: 5340: 4581: 3052: 2736: 2477: 1971: 628: 515: 3301:

also acquired lesser responsibilities, which include shrines and other structures in and around the building.

11304: 11153: 11117: 10840: 10634: 10629: 10224: 9994: 9227: 8968: 8511: 8339:

Beneath the Church of the Holy Sepulchre Jerusalem: The archaeology and early history of traditional Golgotha

7501: 3699: 3500:, the former city archaeologist of Jerusalem, regards them as unsatisfactory, as there is no known temple of 3060: 2369: 1797: 1285: 1275: 824: 664: 4933: 3594: 1915:

During church renovations in 2022, a stone slab covered in modern graffiti was moved from a wall, revealing

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Surviving Three Cycles of Destruction: The Graves of the Crusader Kings in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre

1920: 1862: 1555: 618: 2007: 1725: 44: 11178: 10870: 10855: 10592: 10357: 10337: 9275: 9073: 8289:. New York: Rizzoli in cooperation with Israel Antiquities Authority, distributed by St. Martin's Press. 7986: 5220: 4309:

Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P. (1987). "The Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem: History and Future".

3198: 3063:

at the Second Station of the Via Dolorosa as the Prison of Christ. A cistern among the ruins beneath the

2771: 1900: 1425: 564: 487: 482: 477: 222: 5911:"Coronavirus forces Jerusalem's Holy Sepulchre to close its doors for first time since 1349: 'Very sad'" 5910: 11429: 11404: 10875: 10850: 10782: 10767: 10649: 10562: 10519: 10465: 10106: 9755: 9540: 9522: 9326: 9144: 9139: 9131: 8598: 8517: 8394:"'In Dubious Battle on the Plains of Heav'n': The Politics of Possession in Jerusalem's Holy Sepulchre" 7566: 4937: 4695: 3949:

This shrine would have to be replaced over the subsequent centuries, most recently in the 19th century.

3734: 3542: 2470: 1630: 1124:(a Bishop of Caesarea) and Macarius, three crosses were found near a tomb; one, which was said to have 1069: 1065: 843: 510: 497: 492: 418: 4826: 4375:(1998). "Golgotha: A Reconsideration of the Evidence for the Sites of Jesus' Crucifixion and Burial". 2859: 10455: 10412: 10352: 10342: 10197: 10162: 9892: 9853: 9337: 9151: 9028: 4352: 4286: 4226: 4074: 3271: 2922: 2349: 2046: 1606: 1378: 1374: 1243: 938: 764: 732: 540: 535: 530: 525: 9627: 7950: 7599: 4632:

NPNF2-01. Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine

1849:

of the early 1970s, the Armenian authorities converted this archaeological space into the Chapel of

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There was a lock-in protest against an Israeli legislative proposal which would expropriate church

3326: 3286: 2275: 1582: 829: 759: 691: 686: 348: 19:"Holy Sepulchre" redirects here. For an overview of sites believed to be Jesus's burial place, see 5581: 5025: 1732:, was partly rebuilt to a square ground plan in place of the previously semicircular western end. 11399: 11364: 11183: 10439: 10377: 10121: 10059: 9873: 9577: 9379: 9287: 8866: 8856: 7637: 7151: 5342:

A Brief Description of the Holy Sepulchre Jerusalem and Other Christian Churches in the Holy City

5123: 4630: 4586:(4th improved (updated) ed.). Indianapolis: B.B. Kirkbride Bible Co. p. 323 (appendix). 4196:

Ancient cities: the archaeology of urban life in the ancient Near East and Egypt, Greece and Rome

3972: 3959: 3826: 3604: 3573: 3517: 3134: 2792: 2678:

The Tomb of Jesus (raised platform to the right, interior the second chamber inside the aedicula)

2592: 2445:

Mosaic depiction of Christ's body being prepared after his death, opposite the Stone of Anointing

1960: 1768: 1590: 1578: 1574: 1547:. These renovations unified the small chapels on the site and were completed during the reign of 1540: 1313: 977: 613: 226: 5299:, Vol. IV, ed. Kenneth M. Setton and Harry W. Hazard, (University of Wisconsin Press, 1977), 37. 11101: 11091: 10890: 10845: 10679: 10582: 10382: 10177: 9858: 9672: 9389: 9371: 8861: 7256: 5204: 4934:"Commemoration of the Founding of the Church of the Resurrection (Holy Sepulchre) at Jerusalem" 4508:"The Temple in Jerusalem over the threshing floor which is presently under the Al Kas fountain" 3893: 3846: 3739: 3689: 3450: 3298: 2984: 2918: 2911: 2791:. Its dome is 19.8 metres (65 ft) in diameter, and is set directly over the centre of the 2512: 2489: 2154: 1594: 1570: 1259: 1204: 997: 819: 799: 638: 122: 7527: 7277: 6929: 6764: 6636: 6172: 6088: 5357: 5159: 5084: 4468: 3995: 3681: 3024: 2810:

Since 1996 this dome is topped by the monumental Golgotha Crucifix, which the Greek Patriarch

2719:

Churches all have rights to the interior of the tomb, and all three communities celebrate the

1751:

The dome was restored by Catholics, Greeks, and Turks in 1868, being made of iron ever since.

905:

According to traditions dating to the fourth century, the church contains both the site where

11227: 10997: 10977: 10957: 10825: 10762: 10654: 10552: 10512: 9721: 9686: 9361: 9117: 8991: 7368: 7306: 7105: 7017: 6725: 5470: 5386: 4420: 4377: 4144: 3873: 3778: 3423: 3009: 2508: 2203: 2101: 2058: 1928: 1891:

thereafter. Mortar from just above the burial bed was later dated to the mid-fourth century.

1874: 1760: 1341: 1331: 1327: 1232: 1210: 1117: 1105: 1013: 954: 934: 930: 926: 883: 814: 334: 183: 115: 8359:

Saving the Holy Sepulchre: How Rival Christians Came Together to Rescue Their Holiest Shrine

7425: 6526: 5823: 5574:

Saving the Holy Sepulchre: How Rival Christians Came Together to Rescue Their Holiest Shrine

5472:

The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: Volume 3, The City of Jerusalem: A Corpus

4825: 4704:. Revised and notes by A.C. Zenos, DD. Christian Classics Ethereal Library. pp. 21–22. 2618:

The Aedicule with the Coptic chapel to the left with golden roof; main entrance to the right

1903:. According to the keeper of the keys, it was the first such closure since 1349, during the 1899:

On 25 March 2020, Israeli health officials ordered the site closed to the public due to the

1796:

Church allowed to carry out the elimination of taxes from the Holy Sepulcher, currently the

11273: 11204: 11137: 11122: 11060: 10982: 10674: 10417: 10347: 10264: 10244: 9863: 9779: 9726: 8881: 8774: 8482: 7889:"Jerusalem's Christian Leaders Blast Decision to Sell Old City Properties to Settler Group" 7761:

Jerusalem churches warn of Israel's 'systematic' erosion of Christian presence in Holy Land

7700: 5200: 4821: 3545: 3490: 3333:

signed a convention that both denominations could sweep it. On a hot summer day in 2002, a

2831: 2796: 2527: 2507:

and is no longer structurally necessary. Opinions differ as to whether it is to be seen as

2268: 2233: 1870: 1622: 1586: 1473: 1465: 1133: 1034: 966: 910: 809: 727: 582: 550: 328: 230: 7001:

On the east is the Iconostasis, dividing the 'Holy of Holies' from the rest of the church.

6853: 1665:, extending the structure to create an antechamber. A marble shrine commissioned by Friar 8: 11081: 10967: 10694: 10664: 10392: 10387: 10284: 10101: 9951: 9823: 9818: 9706: 9010: 8925: 8851: 8622: 8186:

was housed in the most important church in Christendom, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

7664: 6375: 4847: 4450: 3657: 2462: 2429:, were transferred to the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate Museum (the Patriarchal Museum) on 2189: 2105: 1777: 1695: 1566: 1469: 1431: 1317: 1248: 1166: 1089: 794: 714: 545: 428: 217: 8140: 6221: 6220:. Gerusalemme San Salvatore Convento Francescano St. Saviour's Monastery. Archived from 5224: 4871:"The Baptistery of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem and the Politics of Sacred Landscape" 4103: 2465:, though this tradition is only attested since the crusader era (notably by the Italian 11268: 11050: 11002: 10972: 10699: 10597: 10427: 10234: 10207: 10157: 10136: 10116: 9701: 9648: 9631: 9426: 8999: 8816: 8764: 8458: 8417: 8405: 8110: 8102: 8074: 7571: 7457: 7070: 4898: 4866: 4394: 4334: 4326: 4003: 3643: 3402: 3350: 3339: 3334: 2850: 2716: 2328:

of a larger courtyard. This is found past a group of streets winding through the outer

2261: 1666: 1650: 1488: 1458: 1350: 989: 789: 737: 681: 648: 408: 299: 135: 8960: 5614: 5428: 3185: 3164:(or Vardan) Mamikonian – on the north side of the Chapel of Saint Helena is an ornate 3016:'s north. Disputed by the Orthodox and the Latin, the area is used to store ladders. 2453:

The Stone of Anointing, where Jesus's body is said to have been anointed before burial

2425:(Treasury of the Greek Patriarch). Some of its relics, such as a 12th-century crystal 1617:, along with the rest of the city, in 1187, although the treaty established after the 11278: 11096: 10921: 10865: 10794: 10772: 10684: 9765: 9691: 9506: 8871: 8841: 8831: 8521: 8462: 8450: 8421: 8363: 8342: 8311: 8290: 8257: 8229: 8210: 8175: 8114: 8094: 8029: 7855:"Greek Orthodox Church Sells Land in Israel, Worrying Both Israelis And Palestinians" 7533: 7474: 7464: 7374: 7111: 7062: 6731: 6642: 6532: 6317: 6136: 6094: 6084: 5727: 5585: 5476: 5434: 5392: 5250: 5244: 5165: 5129: 5090: 5032: 4977: 4890: 4474: 4398: 4338: 4260:

United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine Working Paper on the Holy Places

4234: 4199: 3937: 3904: 3797: 3462: 3147: 2748: 2538: 2441: 2206: 2196:. The chapel marks the 10th Station of the Cross (the stripping of Jesus's garments). 1788: 1409: 1338: 1093: 941:

to reconstruct the church, which was completed in 1048. After it was captured by the

879: 804: 701: 284: 149: 111: 7232: 3588:

for the benefit of pilgrims who could not travel to the Holy Land. They include the

3512: 2727:

there daily. It is also used for other ceremonies on special occasions, such as the

2403:, which has a statue of Mary with an 18th-century bust; this middle altar marks the 2373:

The Altar of the Crucifixion, where The Rock of Calvary (bottom) is encased in glass

2050:

Tourists, pilgrims and locals at one of two access gates to the courtyard; photo by

1157: 11439: 11237: 11065: 11023: 10987: 10895: 10715: 10402: 10279: 10269: 10259: 10187: 10039: 9939: 9843: 9833: 9711: 9696: 9531: 8913: 8738: 8513:

Age of spirituality: late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century

8442: 8409: 8086: 5755: 5577: 5552: 4882: 4833: 4699: 4668: 4386: 4318: 4022: 3817: 3552: 3234: 2708: 2488:

along the wall depicts the anointing of Jesus's body, preceded on the right by the

2356: 2067: 1677: 1653:) presence at the Holy Sepulchre from the years 1348 through 1575, as contemporary 1366: 1178: 1079: 962: 596: 368: 131: 7921:"Supreme Court upholds Greek church sales to far-right group, ending legal battle" 2996: 2939: 2696: 2051: 11222: 11168: 10860: 10730: 10720: 10659: 10624: 10619: 10587: 10502: 10372: 10362: 10304: 10064: 9868: 9760: 9742: 9585: 9269: 9084: 8846: 8826: 8821: 8811: 8672: 8654: 8641: 8413: 8305: 8284: 8251: 8060: 8024: 7859: 7767: 7412: 7263: 6982: 6603: 6130: 5559: 5521: 5246:

The Fight for Jerusalem: Radical Islam, the West, and the Future of the Holy City

4734: 4607: 4543: 3884: 3837: 3704: 3612: 3309: 2926: 2493: 2466: 2449: 2344: 2229: 1924: 1686: 1629:. The church seems to have been largely in the hands of Greek Orthodox patriarch 1548: 1514: 1390:

restoration of other churches destroyed by al-Hakim and the reestablishment of a

1289: 922: 643: 9434: 5523:

Geschichte der europäischen Staaten, Geschichte des östreichischen Kaiserstaates

3392: 3252: 1476:, decided not to use the title "king" during his lifetime, and declared himself 11252: 11247: 11242: 11018: 10900: 10835: 10740: 10557: 10542: 10475: 10367: 10332: 10294: 10182: 10131: 10079: 10029: 9975: 9788: 9784: 9581: 9500: 9403: 9212: 9052: 8949: 8836: 8754: 8507: 8431:"Archaeological excavations in Jerusalem, Holy Sepulchre: a preliminary report" 8206: 8053: 7364: 6694: 4650:

testimony to the resurrection of the Saviour clearer than any voice could give.

4616: 4372: 4357: 4291: 3933: 3864: 3789: 3769: 3729: 3434: 3330: 3267: 3263: 3037: 2973: 2724: 2720: 2712: 2307: 2185: 2162: 1784: 1405: 1382: 1113: 985: 981: 577: 572: 237: 7788: 4390: 4322: 2898: 11293: 11173: 10941: 10750: 10607: 10202: 10049: 10034: 9927: 9848: 9808: 9716: 9590: 9417: 8901: 8501:. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 656–658. 8492: 8454: 8098: 7066: 6053: 5466: 5317: 4894: 4597: 4139: 3608: 3580:, Italy, an agglomeration of seven churches recreating shrines of Jerusalem. 3531: 3466: 2754:

To the right of the sepulchre on the northwestern edge of the rotunda is the

2728: 2214: 1882: 1831:

bazaar, it was found that the area was originally a quarry, from which white

1817: 1744: 1691: 1618: 1491:, the keys of the Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre were in hands of the "ancient 1450: 1446: 1442: 918: 749: 744: 91: 78: 20: 7478: 6256:"History of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre – Church of the Holy Sepulchre" 5972:"Church of the Holy Sepulchre's ancient altar rediscovered, researchers say" 1175:

Two manuscript versions of the oldest known floor plans of the church, from

1099: 11132: 10755: 10644: 10639: 10526: 10422: 10407: 10192: 10141: 10126: 9963: 9813: 9681: 9549: 9093: 9065: 8937: 7604: 5852: 4973: 4412: 4021:

The need for total agreement for even minor changes is exemplified in the '

3749: 3165: 3056: 2473:

in 1288), and the present stone was only added in the 1810 reconstruction.

2400: 2329: 1850: 1400: 1370: 958: 895: 608: 601: 587: 190: 8677: 8616: 8577: 8486: 8446: 6401:"Muslims (literally) hold key to Jerusalem's Church of the Holy Sepulcher" 5297:

A History of the Crusades: The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States

11033: 10931: 10905: 10880: 10809: 10804: 10745: 10289: 10274: 10249: 10167: 9653: 9457: 8795: 8226:

The Sepulchre of Christ and the Medieval West: From the Beginning to 1600

6371: 5781: 4611: 3623: 3585: 3561: 3346: 3283: 3083:

The Chapel of the Parting of the Raiment, in the Church of Holy Sepulchre

3068: 2819: 2740: 2642:

Detail of Aedicule with temporary supports, prior to the 2016 restoration

2576: 2237: 2221: 1916: 1904: 1824: 1808: 1800:

and Lutheran dioceses of Jerusalem are allowed to attend Armenian cults.

1764: 1739: 1559: 1498: 1215:('Resurrection'), where Macarius believed Jesus to have been buried, and; 1072:, Jerusalem had been reduced to ruins. In AD 130, the Roman emperor 898:

and has been the most important pilgrimage site for Christians since the

8430: 8393: 8283:

Biddle, Martin; Seligman, Jon; Tamar, Winter & Avni, Gideon (2000).

7279:

A Cyclopaedia of Works of Architecture: In Italy, Greece, and the Levant

7074: 7050: 6862:]. Vol. 16. Institut français d'études byzantines. p. 35. 6792: 4330: 2476:

The wall behind the stone is defined by its striking blue balconies and

1873:, as well as $ 1.3 million from Mica Ertegün and a significant sum from 1551:

in 1149, placing all the holy places under one roof for the first time.

11127: 10936: 10735: 10507: 10309: 10069: 9986: 9622: 9606: 9565: 8141:"February 8, 1999 – News – Bringing a part of the Holy Land to America" 7731:"Church at Jesus's burial site closed for second day after tax dispute" 7665:"Riot police called as monks clash in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre" 7257:

Church of the Holy Sepulchre chapels: Catholic Chapel of the Apparition

5970:

Harash, Rinat (13 April 2022). Heller, Jeffrey; MacSwan, Angus (eds.).

5640: 4902: 4870: 3936:

posits that the tomb's location could have been preserved by the local

3622:

Author Andrew Holt writes that the church is the most important in all

3243: 3202: 3173: 3088: 2811: 2787: 2249: 1974: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1793: 1658: 1654: 1544: 1454: 1293: 1247:

Diagram of a possible church layout (facing west) published in 1956 by

1129: 1120:

asked Constantine for permission to dig for the tomb. With the help of

8634: 8106: 7529:

Jerusalem. The Holy Sepulchre: Research and investigations (2007–2011)

6349: 6132:

The Holy Sepulchre: The Church of the Resurrection an Ecumenical Guide

5693:"Exclusive: Christ's Burial Place Exposed for First Time in Centuries" 4253: 3600: 1084:, on the site. About AD 135, he ordered that a cave containing a 11163: 10725: 10614: 10089: 10054: 9573: 9569: 8995: 8647: 8628: 7669: 7459:

Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia

5675:

Glimpses of Bible Lands: The Cruise of the Eight Hundred to Jerusalem

5240: 4311:

The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland

3501: 3497: 3225: 3168:

door, beyond which a raised artificial platform affords views of the

2732: 2116: 1837: 1699: 1646: 1626: 1532:

in the church: crosses engraved in the staircase leading down to the

1521:, widening their original excavation tunnel into a proper staircase. 1492: 1391: 1297: 1296:, invaded Jerusalem and captured the True Cross. In 630, the Emperor 1263: 1229: 1208: 887: 307: 207: 8054:

Monastero di Santo Stefano: Basilica Santuario Santo Stefano: Storia

6580: 6135:. Ecumenical Theological Research Fraternity in Israel. p. 15. 6004: 4886: 4298:. H.M.S.O. for the High Commissioner of the Government of Palestine. 2321: 2174: 1949: 10789: 10084: 9594: 9515: 8090: 8041: 7824:"WATCH: Pilgrims Face Closed Doors at Church of the Holy Sepulchre" 3637: 3557: 3470: 3096: 2823: 2804: 2382:. Golgotha and its chapels are just south of the main altar of the 2337: 2317: 1828: 1721: 1634: 1529: 1354: 1219: 1121: 942: 754: 127: 5528:

History of the European states, history of Austrian Imperial State

3445: 10096: 9946: 9667: 8920: 8595:

Map of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, 1715, by Nicolas de Fer.

7793:[The Jerusalem Municipality is not moved by the church]. 7771: 6374:

entrusted the custody of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre....to '

6350:"The family's relationship with the Church of the Holy Sepulchre" 5976: 5293:

Pilgrimages and Pilgrim shrines in Palestine and Syria after 1095

3651: 3577: 3396: 3305: 2893: 2882:

is the "Place of the Three Marys", marked by a stone canopy (the

2591:

1842 lithograph of the Aedicule built after the 1808 fire, after

2410:

On the ground floor, just underneath the Golgotha chapel, is the

2165:(also disputed), a rooftop monastery surrounding the dome of the 1861:

After seven decades of being held together by steel girders, the

1813: 1614: 1504: 1413: 1284:

The Constantinian sanctuary in Jerusalem was destroyed by a fire

1137: 1088:

be filled in to make a flat foundation for a temple dedicated to

1073: 914: 633: 591: 3247:

upholding the state of affairs for various Holy Land sites. The

2248:

borders the parvis on its west side. They originally formed the

11232: 9014: 6566:

William R. Cook of State University of New York, lecture series

5816:"Tomb of Jesus Reopens to Public After $ 3 Million Restoration" 3169: 2325: 2253: 2082: 2063: 1878: 1833: 1704: 1386: 5941:"Jerusalem's Holy Sepulchre reopens after coronavirus closure" 3496:

Other archaeologists have criticized Corbo's reconstructions.

1395:

surrounding buildings: the great basilica remained in ruins."

1369:

in 1027–1028, an agreement was reached whereby the new Caliph

8037: 7567:"Christian History Corner: Divvying up the Most Sacred Place" 5206:

An Introduction to the History of Christianity, A.D. 590–1314

5027:

The Sepulchrum Domini Through the Ages: Its Form and Function

4792:"Unsealing of Christ's Reputed Tomb Turns Up New Revelations" 3458: 3012:) at the northern end of the north transept, which is to the 2523: 2426: 1812:

Diagram of the modern church showing the traditional site of

906: 3180: 3103:, the entrance to the Chapel of Saint Helena, and the Greek 9465: 8310:. London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy. 2873: 2782: 2415: 2333: 1308: 1258:

In 327, Constantine and Helena separately commissioned the

274: 8584:

Homily of John Paul II in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre

7982:"Does the Holy Sepulchre Church Mark the Burial of Jesus?" 6579:. Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem. Archived from 6435:"Muslim holds ancient key to Jesus tomb site in Jerusalem" 5880:"Exclusive: Age of Jesus Christ's Purported Tomb Revealed" 2755: 1365:

In wide-ranging negotiations between the Fatimids and the

7514:

the Hashemite noble family Joudeh al-Husseini al-Ghodayya

6245:

William R. Cook of University of New York, lecture series

6039:"Egypt's Coptic Church exercises soft power in Jerusalem" 5125:

A History of Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years

3999: 3419: 2906:

West of the Aedicule, to the rear of the Rotunda, is the

1728:

style. The interior of the antechamber, now known as the

1100:

Constantine and Macarius: context for the first sanctuary

9297: 5849:"Original Bedrock of Jesus' Tomb Revealed in New Images" 5672: 4966:

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Text and Archaeology

3376:

lands that had been sold to private companies since 2010

2946: 2834:– which has been described as a misstatement, however.) 2093:(east). Around the parvis are a few smaller structures. 1910: 8990: 8341:. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. 8282: 8075:"The Church of Santo Stefano: A 'Jerusalem' in Bologna" 6730:. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 39. 5673:

Warren, E.K.; Hartshorn, W.N.; McCrillis, A.B. (1905).

5391:. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 65. 2606:

The Aedicule containing the traditional burial of Jesus

6887:

The Church of Holy Sepulchre: Keys, Doors, Doorkeepers

6200: 6198: 6196: 5607:"The Church of the Holy Sepulchre: A Work in Progress" 5530:]. Vol. 4. Hamburg: F. Perthes. p. 262. 5270:

Venetian Adventurer: The Life and Times of Marco Polo,

4620:, or inscription, had remained fastened to the Cross." 4552:] (in Italian). Franciscan Press. pp. 34–36. 3977:

Dedication of the Temple of the Resurrection of Christ

3918: 3811: 3523:

The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt, and Nubia

2972:– The chapel, an open area, indicates the place where 2666:

Angel's Stone in the first chamber inside the aedicula

2533:

Immediately inside and to the left of the entrance is

2503:, sits on top of four of the now empty and desecrated 2232:(died 1236), a knight, tutor, and royal councillor to 1499:

Crusaders: reconstruction (12th century) and ownership

1096:. The temple remained until the early fourth century. 1076:

began the building of a Roman colony, the new city of

8172:

The World of the Crusades: A Daily Life Encyclopedia

5501: 4832:. New York: G. Braziller. p. 20 – via the 4104:"Complete compendium of Church of the Holy Sepulchre" 3831: 3720:

History of medieval Arabic and Western European domes

3308:

assigned door-keeping responsibilities to the Muslim

2549:. Further along the same wall is the entrance to the 1680:

icon (c. 1600) commemorating a church renovation

1239:) with the traditional site of Calvary in one corner. 8631:(Muslim custodian of the keys of the Holy Sepulchre) 7494:"Proud to hold keys of Muslim-Christian coexistence" 6282:"Church of the Holy Sepulchre – Madain Project (en)" 3958:

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is known among the

3898: 3851: 3633: 3619:

built by the Franciscans in Washington, DC in 1898.

3366:

In February 2018, the church was closed following a

3325:. In the aftermath, the Greek patriarch, Franciscan 2480:-bearing red banners (depicting the insignia of the 1269: 1136:, leading the Romans to believe that they had found 1104:

After seeing a vision of a cross in the sky in 312,

11450:

Ministry of Endowments and Islamic Affairs (Jordan)

6508: 6506: 6504: 6502: 6500: 6498: 6496: 6193: 6093:. Translated by Walsh, Milton T. Liturgical Press. 6067: 6065: 4756: 4754: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4744: 4351: 4225: 4053: 3878: 3783: 3449:Jerusalem after being rebuilt by Hadrian. Two main 3304:None of these controls the main entrance. In 1192, 3135:

the saint who brought Christianity to the Armenians

3032:In the northeast side of the complex, there is the 2123:On the eastern side of the parvis, south to north: 1601:) were buried in the south transept and inside the 11385:4th-century establishments in the Byzantine Empire 9116: 7887: 7456: 7231:. The Franciscans of the Holy Land. Archived from 7173:sepulchre, church of the holy (15 December 2016). 5302: 5024: 3356: 2515:and located between the 11th and 12th stations on 2081:facing the entrance to the church is known as the 1441:Many historians maintain that the main concern of 32:Church in Christian Quarter, Old City of Jerusalem 11415:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo churches in Jerusalem 9436:Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East 8549:"The Christian Communities in the Holy Sepulchre" 7701:"The monks who keep coming to blows in Jerusalem" 6727:The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem 6670: 6177:. Palestine Exploration Fund. 1903. p. 297. 6083: 5677:. Boston, MA: The Central Committee. p. 174. 5553:Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, 1757 5388:The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem 4664:"Is it the Tomb of Christ? A Search for Evidence" 4308: 1116:legalizing the religion. The Bishop of Jerusalem 1059: 917:, or Golgotha, and the location of Jesus's empty 11291: 7136: 6493: 6370:To protect the Christian places of worship, the 6062: 4928: 4926: 4924: 4741: 4198:(2nd ed.). London: Routledge. p. 424. 3414: 3237:placed before 1757 remains in place to this day. 2278:(Greek Orthodox; at the base of the bell tower). 1803: 1360: 1147: 1016:, or for his tomb, which is at its focal point. 8036:. An exception in the Classical World were the 6793:"Miracle of Holy Fire which happens every year" 5807: 4355:(2010). "The Argument for the Holy Sepulchre". 3710:Hashemite custodianship of Jerusalem holy sites 3551:The Christian Quarter and the (also Christian) 3055:, between the Second and Third Stations of the 2343:According to their own family lore, the Muslim 1919:-style decoration on one face. According to an 1565:Eight 11th- and 12th-century Crusader leaders ( 1539:The Crusaders began to refurnish the church in 1457:in response to the appeal of Byzantine Emperor 1300:rebuilt the church after recapturing the city. 1280:Destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre 1228:), across a courtyard to the east (an enclosed 1054: 11380:Eastern Orthodox church buildings in Jerusalem 7698: 7491: 7454: 6471:"Jesus's tomb unveiled after $ 4m restoration" 5782:"Finding the Keys to the Chapel of St. Vartan" 5475:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 31–32. 5199: 5193: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5060: 2894:Syriac Chapel with Tomb of Joseph of Arimathea 2457:Just inside the entrance to the church is the 2184:(Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows): a blue-domed 1621:allowed Christian pilgrims to visit the site. 1419: 10188:Herodian Quarter – Wohl Archaeological Museum 10002: 8976: 8693: 8578:The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem 8307:The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem 8047: 7782: 7780: 7022:. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. 6762: 6241: 6239: 4921: 4635:. Christian Classics Ethereal Library. 2005. 4171:. Jerusalem. 21 February 2010. Archived from 3440: 3315: 3274:churches. The Greek Orthodox act through the 3241:An Ottoman decree of 1757 helped establish a 2350:retaking Jerusalem from the Crusaders in 1187 1464:The First Crusade was envisioned as an armed 851: 8336: 7019:The Orthodox Greek Patriarchate of Jerusalem 6569: 5775: 5773: 5740: 5164:. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill. p. 40. 4828:Early Christian & Byzantine Architecture 4470:Constantine: Roman Emperor, Christian Victor 4233:. Oxford University Press. pp. 56, 59. 3998:recorded that the church of Saint George at 3962:believers as the Church of the Resurrection. 3667:Burial places of founders of world religions 2758:, which is reserved for Roman Catholic use. 2654:The Dome of the Anastasis above the aedicule 2173:North of the parvis, in front of the church 1927:(c. 1149), which was later used by the 1449:, was the threat to Constantinople from the 255:AD 335 (demolished in 1009, rebuilt in 1048) 49:The church in 2010, from left to right: the 10963:Austrian Pilgrim Hospice to the Holy Family 10498:Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus 9108:Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus 8707: 7597: 7455:Michael, Dumper; Stanley, Bruce E. (2007). 7011: 7009: 6464: 6462: 6460: 6354:The Official website of the Nuseibeh Family 6002: 5715: 5641:"The Church and the Ladder: Frozen in Time" 5288: 5286: 5284: 5282: 5280: 5278: 5153: 5151: 5149: 5082: 5057: 4623: 4059: 1487:According to the German priest and pilgrim 1477: 1223: 1176: 1077: 953:Within the church proper are the last four 11455:Baroque architecture in the Ottoman Empire 11325:Buildings and structures completed in 1809 11320:Buildings and structures completed in 1555 11310:Buildings and structures completed in 1149 11075:Entertainment and performance arts centers 10709:Gates, streets, squares, areas of interest 10009: 9995: 8983: 8969: 8700: 8686: 8591:(article, interactive plan, photo gallery) 8072: 7818: 7816: 7777: 7275: 7199:Social History of the Races of Mankind ... 7195: 6906:. Cambridge University Press. p. 69. 6878: 6695:"Stone of Anointing – Madain Project (en)" 6398: 6236: 5576:. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–12. 5226:A History of Architecture in All Countries 5121: 5018: 5016: 4694: 4614:following Rufinus, it would seem that the 4466: 4221: 4219: 4217: 4215: 3036:, alleged to be where Jesus was held. The 2192:, which once provided exclusive access to 2096:South of the parvis, opposite the church: 1605:. The royal tombs were looted during the 1045:, Anastasis being Greek for Resurrection. 858: 844: 43: 10831:Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations 8668:Church of the Holy Sepulchre Virtual Tour 8506: 7973: 7564: 7172: 6884: 6717: 6605:The Knights Hospitallers in the Holy Land 6428: 6426: 6385:at least since the time of Sultan Saladin 5779: 5770: 5668: 5666: 5638: 5634: 5632: 5582:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195189667.003.0001 5572:Cohen, Raymond (2008). "The Earthquake". 5378: 5219: 5213: 4820: 4785: 4783: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4771: 4769: 4440: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4165:"Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem" 4133: 4131: 4129: 4017: 4015: 3603:, constructed between 1481 and 1504, the 3322: 3181:Chapel of the Invention of the Holy Cross 3141: 3110: 2359:' stands beneath a window on the façade. 2210: 2071: 2034:Learn how and when to remove this message 1865:(IAA) declared the visibly deteriorating 1754: 961:, representing the final episodes of the 11340:Armenian Apostolic churches in Jerusalem 11159:Day of Prayer for the Peace of Jerusalem 10016: 8428: 8337:Gibson, Shimon; Taylor, Joan E. (1994). 8303: 8073:Ousterhout, Robert G. (1 January 1981). 7598:Fisher-Ilan, Allyn (28 September 2004). 7373:. Harvard University Press. p. 35. 7363: 7223: 7221: 7006: 6980: 6948: 6785: 6468: 6457: 6210: 5721: 5275: 5146: 5086:A Concise History of the Catholic Church 4840: 4688: 4575: 4573: 4571: 4537: 4535: 4533: 4159: 4157: 4155: 3617:Mount St. Sepulchre Franciscan Monastery 3511: 3444: 3361: 3224: 3184: 3151: 3120: 3078: 3023: 2995: 2958: 2950: 2897: 2874:Armenian monastery south of the Aedicule 2765: 2448: 2440: 2368: 2348:the date more generally accepted. After 2306: 2286: 2057: 2045: 1807: 1738: 1672: 1554:The church became the seat of the first 1523: 1416:) until the Crusaders' arrival in 1099. 1381:in 1048. As a concession, the mosque in 1242: 937:in 1009. Al-Hakim's son allowed Emperor 892:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem 212:Nikolaos Ch. Komnenos (1810 restoration) 8558:. London: John Murray. pp. 46–56. 7813: 7630: 7252: 7250: 7229:"The Franciscans at the Holy Sepulchre" 7103: 7042: 7015: 6899: 6723: 6577:"The Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulcher" 6399:Sudilovsky, Judith (27 February 2018). 6310: 5813: 5686: 5684: 5519: 5513: 5465: 5384: 5338: 5022: 5013: 4865: 4462: 4460: 4444: 4411: 4212: 4137: 4064:, modern Greek for "small compartment". 3059:. The Armenians regard a recess in the 2991: 2751:also retained the key to the Aedicule. 2556: 2100:Broken columns—once forming part of an 1888:National Technical University of Athens 1856: 1843: 894:. It is considered the holiest site in 11360:Constantine the Great and Christianity 11292: 9882: 9183: 8565:from the original on 5 September 2021. 8481: 8391: 8249: 8223: 7918: 7885: 7852: 7266:, See the Holy Land, accessed May 2020 7081:from the original on 21 September 2022 7048: 6845: 6531:. Oxford University Press. p. 7. 6432: 6423: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6128: 5969: 5846: 5663: 5629: 5520:Mailáth, János Nepomuk Jozsef (1848). 5355: 5249:. Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing. 5070: 4962: 4766: 4661: 4601:: Archæology of the Cross and Crucifix 4427: 4371: 4255:United Nations Conciliation Commission 4126: 4012: 4007: 2302: 1931:until being damaged in the 1808 fire. 1484:('Protector of the Holy Sepulchre'). 11425:Syriac Orthodox churches in Jerusalem 11420:Coptic Orthodox Churches in Jerusalem 10300:U. Nahon Museum of Italian Jewish Art 9990: 8964: 8681: 8617:The Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre 8606:, legends in Polish with some English 8355: 7979: 7931:from the original on 27 December 2023 7867:from the original on 27 February 2018 7786: 7711:from the original on 22 February 2015 7699:O'Laughlin, Toni (10 November 2008). 7677:from the original on 22 February 2015 7645:from the original on 22 February 2015 7579:from the original on 30 December 2011 7525: 7218: 6910:from the original on 27 February 2015 6851: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6638:Jerusalem in the Time of the Crusades 6524: 5908: 5877: 5847:Pappas, Stephanie (31 October 2016). 5690: 5604: 5598: 5571: 5447:from the original on 17 November 2022 5426: 5103:from the original on 12 December 2023 4993:from the original on 18 December 2023 4789: 4708:from the original on 25 December 2017 4676:from the original on 29 November 2018 4568: 4541: 4530: 4193: 4152: 3199:Invention (Finding) of the Holy Cross 2947:Franciscan area north of the Aedicule 2932: 2828:Greek Orthodox patriarch of Jerusalem 2436: 2364: 1939: 1911:Crusader altar slab discovered (2022) 890:. The church is also the seat of the 11410:Roman Catholic churches in Jerusalem 8644:(Muslim Holy Sepulchre door keepers) 8546: 8469:from the original on 8 November 2023 8324:from the original on 8 November 2023 8270:from the original on 8 November 2023 8203:Jerusalem, Israel, Petra & Sinai 8169: 8151:from the original on 23 January 2022 7723: 7546:from the original on 8 November 2023 7532:. Altralinea Edizioni. p. 117. 7387:from the original on 8 November 2023 7315:from the original on 8 November 2023 7304: 7286:from the original on 8 November 2023 7247: 7144:"Armenian Station of the Holy Women" 7124:from the original on 8 November 2023 7026:from the original on 8 November 2023 6991:from the original on 8 November 2023 6744:from the original on 8 November 2023 6634: 6612:from the original on 8 November 2023 6601: 6545:from the original on 8 November 2023 6149:from the original on 8 November 2023 6107:from the original on 8 November 2023 5859:from the original on 1 November 2016 5726:(in German). Freiburg. p. 170. 5681: 5534:from the original on 8 November 2023 5507: 5489:from the original on 8 November 2023 5420: 5405:from the original on 8 November 2023 5366:from the original on 8 November 2023 5239: 4944:from the original on 25 January 2013 4909:from the original on 11 October 2021 4579: 4457: 4285: 4148:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 3715:History of Roman and Byzantine domes 3695:Early Christian art and architecture 3672:Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre 3221:Status Quo (Jerusalem and Bethlehem) 3195:Chapel of the Invention of the Cross 3091:are, from north to south: the Greek 2914:celebrate their Liturgy on Sundays. 2630:Facade of the Aedicule with pilgrims 2545:containing the staircase leading to 2115:, a small Greek Orthodox monastery ( 2085:. Two streets open into the parvis: 1972:adding citations to reliable sources 1943: 1509:Chapel of the Invention of the Cross 1012:The church was named either for the 933:in the 4th century and destroyed by 878:, is a fourth-century church in the 446:Israeli annexation of East Jerusalem 10240:North Africa Jewish Heritage Center 9199:Church of Saint Mary of the Germans 8623:Franciscan Custody in the Holy Land 8597:Eran Laor Cartographic Collection, 8554:. In Ashbee, Charles Robert (ed.). 8429:Stasolla, Francesca Romana (2022). 8392:Bowman, Glenn (16 September 2011). 8228:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 8018:Death and Burial in the Roman World 7790:בעיריית ירושלים לא מתרגשים מהכנסייה 7415:, Documenta Catholica Omnia, p. 87. 7406:List of Christians in the Holy Land 7175:"Chapel of Joseph of Arimateaitled" 6930:"Catholic Chapel of the Apparition" 6469:Sherwood, Harriet (21 March 2017). 6337: 6304: 6292:from the original on 2 January 2022 5878:Romey, Kristin (28 November 2017). 5651:from the original on 13 August 2011 5157: 5142:from the original on 10 March 2024. 5128:. Penguin Books Ltd. p. 1339. 4662:Renner, Gerald (14 December 1996). 4473:. The Overlook Press. p. 206. 3888: 3841: 3686:, head of the 1961–1977 excavations 3172:, and which leads to the Chapel of 3019: 2826:) is the patriarchal throne of the 2550: 2492:, and succeeded on the left by the 2151:Chapel of the Four Living Creatures 1645:There was certainly a recognisable 1602: 1266:to commemorate the birth of Jesus. 13: 11390:Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem 11044:Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial 10074:The Architects Tombs at Jaffa Gate 9206:Church of Saint Mary of the Latins 8534:from the original on 26 April 2015 8376:from the original on 21 March 2021 8256:. Scarborough: Sutton Publishing. 8242: 8201: 8121:from the original on 18 April 2022 7961:from the original on 17 March 2018 7853:Estrin, Daniel (2 December 2017). 7834:from the original on 20 April 2018 7206:from the original on 21 April 2023 6936:from the original on 19 April 2018 6866:from the original on 10 March 2024 6829:. 15 December 2016. Archived from 6803:from the original on 1 August 2017 6773:from the original on 10 March 2024 6682: 6676: 6655:from the original on 10 March 2024 6512: 6433:Harash, Rinat (30 November 2017). 6204: 6181:from the original on 26 March 2023 6071: 6019:from the original on 26 March 2023 5951:from the original on 4 August 2022 5921:from the original on 4 August 2022 5840: 5814:Goldman, Russell (22 March 2017). 5691:Romey, Kristin (26 October 2016). 5178:from the original on 10 March 2024 5161:State and Society in Fatimid Egypt 5045:from the original on 10 March 2024 4790:Romey, Kristin (31 October 2016). 4760: 4583:The Thompson Chain-Reference Bible 4556:from the original on 10 March 2024 4487:from the original on 1 August 2023 4187: 4114:from the original on 29 April 2021 3975:celebrates the anniversary of the 3282:. Roman Catholics act through the 3214: 3028:Prison of Christ before renovation 2431:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate Street 1708:(decree) later developed into the 1599:rulers of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1346:complete destruction of the church 14: 11466: 11335:Ancient churches in the Holy Land 11218:Placing notes in the Western Wall 9914:Remnants or rebuilt buildings in 8571: 7994:from the original on 2 April 2015 7900:from the original on 13 June 2019 7787:Token, Benny (27 February 2018). 7633:"Christians brawl at Jesus' tomb" 7612:from the original on 7 April 2023 7436:from the original on 28 June 2015 7308:The Status Quo in the Holy Places 7016:Dowling, Theodore Edward (1913). 6962:from the original on 14 July 2014 6958:. Michael Hammers. 24 June 2014. 6705:from the original on 8 March 2021 6360:from the original on 22 July 2010 5984:from the original on 9 April 2023 5792:from the original on 20 July 2014 5433:. Vol. 15. pp. 71–103. 5427:Re’em, Amit; et al. (2022). 5209:. London: Macmillan. p. 148. 4580:Owen, G. Frederick, ed. (1983) . 4293:The Status Quo in the Holy Places 4267:from the original on 8 March 2021 3280:Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre 3117:Chapel of Saint Helena, Jerusalem 3065:Church of St. Peter in Gallicantu 2976:met Jesus after his resurrection. 2853:mosaic inside the catholicon dome 2482:Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre 2421:Behind the Chapel of Adam is the 2209:and chapel, directly beneath the 1640: 1379:Patriarch Nicephorus of Jerusalem 1305:Jerusalem came under Islamic rule 1270:Damage and destruction (614–1009) 1055:§ Connection to Roman temple 10690:Tower of David (northeast tower) 10398:Rabbi Dr. I. Goldstein Synagogue 10255:Rockefeller Archeological Museum 9969: 9957: 9945: 9933: 9921: 9499: 9313:Church of Saint John the Baptist 9193:Church of Saint James Intercisus 8943: 8931: 8919: 8907: 8895: 8286:The Church of the Holy Sepulchre 8163: 8133: 8066: 8009: 7943: 7912: 7879: 7846: 7801:from the original on 3 July 2018 7753: 7741:from the original on 3 July 2018 7692: 7657: 7631:El Deeb, Sarah (21 April 2008). 7624: 7591: 7565:Armstrong, Chris (1 July 2002). 7558: 7519: 7485: 7448: 7418: 7399: 7357: 7327: 7298: 7269: 7189: 7166: 7097: 6974: 6922: 6893: 6889:. Franciscian Press. p. 47. 6815: 6481:from the original on 3 July 2018 6445:from the original on 11 May 2019 6262:from the original on 27 May 2019 5356:Conder, Claude Reignier (1909). 4639:from the original on 2 June 2022 4545:Il Santo Sepolcro di Gerusalemme 4518:from the original on 20 May 2022 4505: 4142:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). 4067: 3745:Rock-cut tombs in ancient Israel 3650: 3636: 2858: 2842: 2671: 2659: 2647: 2635: 2623: 2611: 2599: 2584: 2568: 2513:lowering of Jesus from the cross 2504: 2484:), and is decorated with lamps. 2140:Chapel of St John the Evangelist 2062:The northeast of the courtyard ( 1948: 1894: 1771:of red limestone applied to the 1165: 1156: 314: 11445:Tombs in the State of Palestine 11087:International Convention Center 11039:Garden of the Missing in Action 11029:Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery 10886:The Nature Park & Galleries 10230:Museum of Underground Prisoners 8760:Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery 8673:The Holy Sepulchre Virtual Tour 6756: 6628: 6595: 6560: 6518: 6392: 6274: 6248: 6165: 6122: 6077: 6031: 5996: 5963: 5933: 5902: 5871: 5565: 5546: 5459: 5349: 5332: 5263: 5233: 5115: 5076: 5008:, 'Church of the Resurrection'. 4956: 4859: 4814: 4720: 4655: 4590: 4550:The Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem 4499: 4405: 4365: 4345: 4302: 4046: 4037: 4028: 3989: 3965: 3952: 3943: 3926: 3725:List of oldest church buildings 3357:Issues with Israeli authorities 3262:The primary custodians are the 3101:Chapel of the Division of Robes 3013: 2770:East end of the Greek Orthodox 2704: 2542: 2511:, which others identify as the 2500: 2383: 2379: 2291:Bell tower left of the entrance 2153:(both are disputed between the 1959:needs additional citations for 62: 58: 50: 25:Holy Sepulchre (disambiguation) 11345:Basilica churches in Jerusalem 10993:Leonardo Plaza Hotel Jerusalem 10548:Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque 10215:Menachem Begin Heritage Center 9751:Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque 9165:Convent of the Sisters of Zion 9136:Monastery of the Flagellation 8791:Jerusalem British War Cemetery 8028:, pp. 48–49, JHU Press. 1996. 7951:"Church of the Holy Sepulcher" 7055:Anglican and Episcopal History 5909:Parke, Caleb (30 March 2020). 5201:Foakes-Jackson, Frederick John 4279: 4247: 4096: 3858: 3763: 3329:, Ottoman governor and French 2955:Chapel of Saint Mary Magdalene 2131:(Greek Orthodox), next to the 1983:"Church of the Holy Sepulchre" 1934: 1558:and the site of the kingdom's 1060:Background (1st–4th centuries) 1025:Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre 965:. The church has been a major 1: 11189:Jerusalem Food Truck Festival 10635:Jerusalem Walls National Park 10630:Jerusalem Archaeological Park 10461:Cathedral of the Annunciation 10225:Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem 9357:Church of the Holy Archangels 9260:Church of Our Lady of Sorrows 9242:Cathedral of the Annunciation 7830:. Reuters. 26 February 2018. 7759:Jonathan Lis and Nir Hasson, 7196:Featherman, Americus (1881). 7107:Bedlam. St. Mary of Bethlehem 6311:LoLordo, Ann (28 June 1999). 6045:. 7 June 2021. Archived from 6003:Harutyunyan, Khachik (2020). 5122:MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2009). 4084: 3700:Fathers of the Holy Sepulchre 3465:and directly adjacent to the 3415:Land sale to Israeli settlers 3209: 3074: 3061:Monastery of the Flagellation 2879: 2761: 2743:, lies the altar used by the 2546: 2509:the 13th Station of the Cross 2282: 2188:Crusader chapel dedicated to 1866: 1804:Jordanian and Israeli periods 1772: 1662: 1607:Khwarizmian sack of Jerusalem 1436: 1361:Reconstruction (11th century) 1349:with shock: it was a spur to 1276:Sasanian capture of Jerusalem 1184: 1148:First sanctuary (4th century) 947: 242: 11355:Relics associated with Jesus 11300:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 11194:Temple Mount Sifting Project 11111:Markets and shopping centers 10471:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 10358:Great Synagogue of Jerusalem 9467:Protestant Church in Germany 9048:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 8547:Luke, Harry Charles (1924). 8414:10.1080/02757206.2011.595008 8145:www.thecommondenominator.com 7980:Bahat, Dan (May–June 1986). 7886:Hasson, Nir (13 June 2019). 7673:. London. 10 November 2008. 7179:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 6827:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 6129:Wright, John Robert (1995). 5780:Lancaster, James E. (1998). 5639:Lancaster, James E. (2015). 5611:The Bible and Interpretation 5083:Bokenkotter, Thomas (2004). 4089: 3833:Yäḳdus Mäḳabr betä-krəstiyan 3567: 3541:The church is a part of the 3340:Exaltation of the Holy Cross 2970:Chapel of St. Mary Magdalene 2575:Rotunda interior painted by 2516: 2200:Oratory of St. Mary of Egypt 2193: 1863:Israel Antiquities Authority 1209: 1021:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 872:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 624:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 54: 38:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 7: 11375:Church buildings with domes 11179:Jerusalem Festival of Light 10871:Jerusalem Metropolitan Park 10856:Jerusalem Botanical Gardens 10593:Cave of the Minor Sanhedrin 9074:New Church of the Theotokos 8625:(Roman Catholic custodians) 8619:(Greek Orthodox custodians) 8488:"Sepulchre, The Holy" 8362:. Oxford University Press. 7987:Biblical Archaeology Review 7919:Surkes, Sue (9 June 2022). 7600:"Punch-up at tomb of Jesus" 7492:Joudeh al-Husseini, Adeeb. 7276:Longfellow, W.P.P. (1895). 5605:Cohen, Raymond (May 2009). 4726:Stolzenburg, Xenia (2017). 4447:The Secret of Christ's Tomb 4138:McMahon, Arthur L. (1913). 4054: 3919: 3899: 3879: 3852: 3832: 3812: 3784: 3629: 3615:between 1656 and 1666, and 3507: 3431:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate 3289:. In the 19th century, the 3276:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate 3042:Monastery of the Praetorium 2694:in English, from the Latin 1759:By the time of the British 1426:Order of the Holy Sepulchre 1420:Crusader period (1099–1244) 10: 11471: 10876:Orson Hyde Memorial Garden 10851:Jerusalem Bird Observatory 10520:Monastery of Saint Saviour 10466:Church of the Flagellation 10107:National Library of Israel 9611:Surrounding streets, roads 9145:Church of the Flagellation 9140:Church of the Condemnation 9132:Monastery of Saint Saviour 8599:National Library of Israel 8580:, dedicated church website 8518:Metropolitan Museum of Art 8304:Coüasnon, Charles (1974). 8195: 7430:holysepulchre.custodia.org 7370:Jerusalem, City of Longing 7311:. Good Press. p. 26. 7049:Wright, J. Robert (1995). 6885:DeSandoli, Sabino (1986). 6766:Encyclopædia Metropolitana 6641:. Routledge. p. 121. 6602:King, Edwin James (1931). 5722:Hesemann, Michael (1999). 5362:. J. Murray. p. 294. 5089:. Doubleday. p. 155. 4963:Kelley, Justin L. (2019). 4938:Orthodox Church in America 3735:Mosque of Omar (Jerusalem) 3543:UNESCO World Heritage Site 3441:Connection to Roman temple 3316:Interdenominational issues 3218: 3145: 3114: 2902:Altar in the Syriac chapel 2471:Riccoldo da Monte di Croce 2295:The 12th-century Crusader 1743:Floorplan, illustrated by 1631:Athanasius II of Jerusalem 1519:chapel dedicated to Helena 1503:By the Crusader period, a 1480:Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri 1429: 1423: 1273: 1052: 1048: 1039:Church of the Resurrection 876:Church of the Resurrection 18: 11261: 11202: 11146: 11110: 11074: 11011: 10950: 10914: 10818: 10708: 10575: 10535: 10493:Church of the Holy Family 10456:Chapel of Simon of Cyrene 10448: 10413:Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue 10353:Four Sephardic Synagogues 10343:Beit El Kabbalist yeshiva 10325: 10318: 10163:Bloomfield Science Museum 10150: 10022: 9910: 9893:Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue 9854:Four Sephardic Synagogues 9832: 9801: 9778: 9735: 9666: 9647: 9498: 9493: 9456: 9425: 9416: 9388: 9370: 9336: 9325: 9286: 9268: 9250: 9226: 9175:Church of the Holy Family 9152:Chapel of Simon of Cyrene 9092: 9083: 9036: 9027: 9006: 8890: 8804: 8783: 8747: 8731: 8715: 7282:. Scribner. p. 179. 6981:Pierotti, Ermete (1864). 6932:. See The Holy Land.net. 6528:Saving the Holy Sepulchre 6313:"Trouble in a holy place" 5786:Jim Lancaster's Web Space 4606:26 September 2010 at the 4467:Stephenson, Paul (2010). 4449:(television production). 4417:The Resurrection of Jesus 4391:10.1017/S0028688500016465 4323:10.1017/S0035869X00140614 4060: 3908: 3868: 3821: 3801: 3794:Ecclesia Sancti Sepulchri 3773: 3469:(now the location of the 2923:Saint Joseph of Arimathea 2884:Station of the Holy Women 2865:Cross over the catholicon 1375:Constantine IX Monomachos 1128:, was presumed to be the 939:Constantine IX Monomachos 283: 272: 264: 259: 251: 236: 216: 206: 201: 189: 179: 171: 166: 141: 121: 107: 73: 69: 42: 37: 10927:Jerusalem Sports Quarter 10173:Chamber of the Holocaust 9352:Cathedral of Saint James 8398:History and Anthropology 8174:. ABC-CLIO. p. 57. 7789: 7766:25 February 2018 at the 7335:"Chapel of Saint Helena" 7110:. Lulu.com. p. 32. 6900:Jeffery, George (1919). 6608:. Methuen. p. 236. 6380:companion of the Prophet 6090:The Life of Jesus Christ 5339:Jeffery, George (1919). 5310:"Chapel of Saint Helena" 5023:Kroesen, Justin (2000). 4853:Itinerarium Burdigalense 4733:10 November 2019 at the 4542:Corbo, Virgilio (1981). 4290: 3756: 3475:Russian Mission in Exile 3287:Custody of the Holy Land 3189:Grotto of the Holy Cross 3093:Chapel of Saint Longinus 2981:Chapel of the Apparition 2963:Chapel of the Apparition 2756:Chapel of the Apparition 2276:Forty Martyrs of Sebaste 2070:under a window, and the 1715:A fire severely damaged 1474:Latin ruler of Jerusalem 697:Greek Orthodox Patriarch 11184:Jerusalem Film Festival 10440:Zoharei Chama Synagogue 10378:Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue 10122:Supreme Court of Israel 9952:Christianity portal 9874:Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue 9599:Double, Single, Tanners 9380:Monastery of Saint Mark 8926:Christianity portal 8867:Tomb of the Virgin Mary 8857:Tomb of Simeon the Just 8709:Cemeteries in Jerusalem 8498:Encyclopædia Britannica 8387:(subscription required) 8356:Cohen, Raymond (2008). 8250:Biddle, Martin (1999). 8059:10 October 2007 at the 8015:Toynbee, Jocelyn M. C. 8005:(subscription required) 7688:(subscription required) 7638:San Francisco Chronicle 7202:Trübner & Company. 7104:Trainor, Terry (2012). 6956:"The Cross of Golgotha" 6852:Janin, Raymond (1913). 6724:Pringle, Denys (1993). 6525:Cohen, Raymond (2008). 5748:"Saint Vartan's Chapel" 5385:Pringle, Denys (1993). 5189:(subscription required) 4353:Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome 4227:Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome 4194:Gates, Charles (2011). 4169:Sacred-destinations.com 3973:Eastern Orthodox Church 3785:Naós tou Panagíou Táfou 3774:Ναός του Παναγίου Τάφου 3605:New Jerusalem Monastery 3278:as well as through the 2320:, through the crusader 2135:entrance to the parvis. 2129:Monastery of St Abraham 1657:accounts indicate. The 1613:The church was lost to 1472:, who became the first 1445:, when calling for the 1314:Eutychius of Alexandria 1043:Church of the Anastasis 1007: 978:Christian denominations 11435:Status quo holy places 11370:Christianity and death 11330:Alleged tombs of Jesus 11154:1st Jerusalem Biennale 11092:Jerusalem Cinematheque 10846:Jerusalem Biblical Zoo 10680:Tombs of the Sanhedrin 10481:Chapel of Saint Helena 10383:Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue 10220:Museum for Islamic Art 10178:Friends of Zion Museum 9859:Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue 9475:Church of the Redeemer 9058:Chapel of Saint Helena 8862:Tombs of the Sanhedrin 8224:Morris, Colin (2005), 7526:Tucci, Grazia (2019). 7426:"Chapel of St. Helena" 6763:Encyclopaedia (1852). 5031:. Leuven. p. 11. 4976:. p. 4 (note 3). 4701:Historia Ecclesiastica 3793: 3740:Palestinian Christians 3690:Christianity in Israel 3526: 3516:1842 lithograph after 3454: 3412: 3393:municipal property tax 3385: 3238: 3190: 3157: 3142:Chapel of Saint Vartan 3128: 3126:Chapel of Saint Helena 3111:Chapel of Saint Helena 3105:Chapel of the Derision 3084: 3029: 3001: 2964: 2956: 2903: 2778: 2739:, constructed of iron 2695: 2490:Descent from the Cross 2454: 2446: 2374: 2312: 2292: 2246:group of three chapels 2220:The tomb (including a 2075: 2055: 1820: 1783:After the care of the 1755:British Mandate period 1748: 1681: 1536: 1534:Chapel of Saint Helena 1478: 1260:Church of the Nativity 1251: 1224: 1177: 1078: 1070:First Jewish–Roman War 723:Religious significance 23:. For other uses, see 11395:Resurrection of Jesus 11315:12th-century churches 11228:Jerusalem mixed grill 11056:Shaare Zedek Cemetery 10998:Mount of Olives Hotel 10978:Inbal Jerusalem Hotel 10958:American Colony Hotel 10763:Old City of Jerusalem 10553:Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya 10513:Church of All Nations 10112:Navon railway station 10045:Gates of the Old City 9722:Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya 9687:Dome of the Ascension 9362:Church of Saint Toros 8770:Shaare Zedek Cemetery 8657:(Armenian custodians) 8648:St. James Brotherhood 8483:Watson, Charles Moore 8447:10.1484/J.LA.5.134546 8170:Holt, Andrew (2019). 7411:18 April 2021 at the 7305:Cust, L.G.A. (2020). 7262:15 April 2020 at the 6635:Boas, Adrian (2001). 6049:on 4 September 2022. 5359:The City of Jerusalem 4875:Dumbarton Oaks Papers 4867:Wharton, Annabel Jane 4822:MacDonald, William L. 4599:Catholic Encyclopedia 4445:Strange, Bob (2017). 4378:New Testament Studies 4145:Catholic Encyclopedia 3940:of Jesus's followers. 3920:Surb Harut'yan tač̣ar 3909:Սուրբ Յարութեան տաճար 3889:كَنِيسَةُ ٱلْقِيَامَة 3802:Սուրբ Հարության տաճար 3546:Old City of Jerusalem 3515: 3459:main north–south road 3448: 3408: 3380: 3362:Tax and land disputes 3251:was upheld in Sultan 3228: 3188: 3155: 3124: 3082: 3027: 3008:are seven arches (an 2999: 2962: 2954: 2901: 2886:) and a large modern 2769: 2452: 2444: 2372: 2310: 2290: 2061: 2049: 1811: 1763:following the end of 1761:Mandate for Palestine 1742: 1676: 1527: 1424:Further information: 1404:the Fatimids and the 1385:was reopened and the 1342:al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 1316:adds that Umar wrote 1246: 1132:, on which Jesus was 1126:cured people of death 1106:Constantine the Great 1023:is also known as the 1014:Resurrection of Jesus 955:stations of the Cross 184:Constantine the Great 116:Old City of Jerusalem 92:31.77833°N 35.22972°E 53:(12th century), 11305:4th-century churches 11274:Cuisine of Jerusalem 11123:Mahane Yehuda Market 11061:Sheikh Badr Cemetery 10983:Jerusalem Gate Hotel 10675:Tomb of the Prophets 10576:Archaeological sites 10488:Church of Saint Anne 10418:Tzuf Dvash Synagogue 10348:Belz Great Synagogue 10265:Schottenstein campus 10245:Old Yishuv Courtyard 10017:Tourism in Jerusalem 9940:Palestine portal 9864:Tzuf Dvash Synagogue 9170:Church of Saint Anne 8914:Palestine portal 8882:Tomb of the Prophets 8716:Christian cemeteries 8653:21 June 2020 at the 8640:22 July 2010 at the 8604:Photos of the church 8023:7 April 2023 at the 7737:. 26 February 2018. 7641:. Associated Press. 7504:on 20 September 2022 5558:6 March 2021 at the 5455:– via HAL-SHS. 5415:destroyed in 1809–10 5229:. London: J. Murray. 5158:Lev, Yaacov (1991). 3813:Surb Harutʿyan tačar 3491:Virgilio Canio Corbo 3463:main east–west roads 3461:with one of the two 3389:2018 taxation affair 3323:Chapel of the Franks 3006:Arches of the Virgin 3000:Arches of the Virgin 2992:Arches of the Virgin 2832:patriarch of Antioch 2747:. Historically, the 2557:Rotunda and Aedicule 2269:St. John the Baptist 2234:Henry III of England 2211:Chapel of the Franks 2182:Chapel of the Franks 2161:), giving access to 2147:Chapel of St Michael 2113:Gethsemane Metochion 2072:Chapel of the Franks 1968:improve this article 1871:World Monuments Fund 1857:Aedicule restoration 1844:Chapel of St. Vartan 1724:in the contemporary 1698:in 1699. During the 1623:Emperor Frederick II 1337:On 18 October 1009, 1068:in AD 70 during the 967:Christian pilgrimage 874:, also known as the 359:Second Temple Period 61:(smaller dome), and 11350:Pilgrimage churches 11082:Gerard Behar Center 10968:David Citadel Hotel 10695:Western Wall Tunnel 10665:Tomb of Benei Hezir 10393:Or Zaruaa Synagogue 10388:Old Motza Synagogue 10285:Terra Sancta Museum 10102:Montefiore Windmill 9824:Little Western Wall 9819:Western Wall Tunnel 9707:Dome of the Prophet 9020:Sorted by religions 9011:World Heritage Site 8852:Tomb of Benei Hezir 8784:Military cemeteries 8723:Mount Zion Cemetery 8589:Sacred Destinations 7957:. Generation Word. 6860:Echos of the Orient 6833:on 25 February 2019 6376:Ubadah ibn al-Samit 6325:on 29 November 2014 6174:Quarterly Statement 5945:The Times of Israel 5890:on 24 February 2021 5884:National Geographic 5697:National Geographic 5345:. CUP. p. 124. 5295:, Henry L. Savage, 4848:Pilgrim of Bordeaux 4796:National Geographic 4451:National Geographic 4175:on 3 September 2009 3996:Adémar de Chabannes 3900:Kanīsatu al-Qiyāmah 3880:Naos tes Anastaseos 3869:Ναὸς τῆς Ἀναστάσεως 3658:Christianity portal 3229:As a result of the 3162:Chapel of St Vartan 3087:The chapels in the 3053:Church of Ecce Homo 3051:, located near the 2463:Joseph of Arimathea 2303:Façade and entrance 2226:of Philip d'Aubigny 2213:, dedicated to St. 2190:Our Lady of Sorrows 2167:Chapel of St Helena 2142:(Armenian Orthodox) 1778:British authorities 1730:Chapel of the Angel 1696:Treaty of Karlowitz 1470:Godfrey of Bouillon 1432:Art of the Crusades 1353:and, later on, the 1309:Umar ibn al-Khattab 1249:Kenneth John Conant 671:Demographic history 88: / 16:Church in Jerusalem 11269:Jerusalem syndrome 11051:Sanhedria Cemetery 11003:Seven Arches Hotel 10973:The Heritage House 10670:Tombs of the Kings 10598:Cave of the Ramban 10235:Museum on the Seam 10208:Shrine of the Book 10158:Bible Lands Museum 10137:Walls of Jerusalem 10117:Shrine of the Book 9976:Judaism portal 9702:Dome of al-Khalili 9427:Anglican Communion 8950:Judaism portal 8877:Tombs of the Kings 8817:Cave of the Ramban 8765:Sanhedria Cemetery 8732:Islamic cemeteries 8406:University of Kent 8253:The Tomb of Christ 7828:The Jerusalem Post 7774:, 25 February 2018 7572:Christianity Today 7185:on 20 August 2022. 7154:on 28 October 2020 7037:this misstatement. 6987:. Bell and Daldy. 6984:Jerusalem Explored 6218:"Parvis and Entry" 5820:The New York Times 5758:on 28 October 2020 5703:on 30 October 2016 5006:Kanisah al-Qiyamah 3853:K'nesiyát ha-Kéver 3822:የቅዱስ መቃብር ቤተክርስቲያን 3644:Catholicism portal 3527: 3455: 3403:The Jerusalem Post 3351:Feast of the Cross 3295:Ethiopian Orthodox 3272:Armenian Apostolic 3239: 3191: 3158: 3129: 3085: 3030: 3002: 2965: 2957: 2933:First-century tomb 2904: 2851:Christ Pantocrator 2779: 2717:Armenian Apostolic 2459:Stone of Anointing 2455: 2447: 2437:Stone of Anointing 2375: 2365:Calvary (Golgotha) 2313: 2293: 2274:The Chapel of the 2262:St. James the Just 2076: 2056: 1940:Parvis (courtyard) 1821: 1749: 1682: 1667:Boniface of Ragusa 1651:Church of the East 1597:– the first eight 1543:style and added a 1537: 1489:Ludolf von Sudheim 1459:Alexios I Komnenos 1351:expulsions of Jews 1252: 1066:siege of Jerusalem 1035:Eastern Christians 1002:Ethiopian Orthodox 990:Armenian Apostolic 649:Al-Quds University 136:Armenian Apostolic 97:31.77833; 35.22972 11430:Crusader churches 11405:Christian Quarter 11287: 11286: 11279:Tourism in Israel 11213:Armenian ceramics 11118:Ben Yehuda Street 11097:Jerusalem Theatre 10922:Givat Ram Stadium 10866:Liberty Bell Park 10841:Independence Park 10819:Parks and gardens 10773:Christian Quarter 10685:Tomb of Zechariah 10571: 10570: 9984: 9983: 9928:Israel portal 9906: 9905: 9902: 9901: 9774: 9773: 9766:Sidna Omar Mosque 9747:Al-Yaqoubi Mosque 9692:Dome of the Chain 9491: 9490: 9487: 9486: 9483: 9482: 9452: 9451: 9412: 9411: 9338:Armenian Orthodox 9321: 9320: 9282: 9281: 9270:Maronite Catholic 9252:Armenian Catholic 9222: 9221: 9160: 9159: 8958: 8957: 8902:Israel portal 8872:Tomb of Zechariah 8842:Silwan necropolis 8832:Herod Family Tomb 8748:Jewish cemeteries 8629:The Joudeh family 8369:978-0-19-518966-7 8216:978-1-4654-4131-7 7539:978-88-94869-78-1 6737:978-0-521-39038-5 6699:madainproject.com 6648:978-1-134-58272-3 6538:978-0-19-971990-7 6356:. 9 August 2004. 6318:The Baltimore Sun 6286:madainproject.com 6207:, pp. 94–97. 6142:978-965-7024-00-3 6085:Ludolph of Saxony 5828:on 1 January 2022 5645:CoastDaylight.com 5591:978-0-19-518966-7 5482:978-0-521-39038-5 5398:978-0-521-39038-5 5256:978-1-59698-029-7 5171:978-90-04-09344-7 4983:978-1-78969-056-9 4480:978-1-46830-300-1 4205:978-0-203-83057-4 3938:collective memory 3917: 3897: 3877: 3850: 3830: 3810: 3782: 3611:, constructed by 3599:("Holy Tomb") of 3253:Abdülmecid I 3156:St. Vartan Chapel 3148:Vardan Mamikonian 2818:The catholicon's 2793:transept crossing 2486:The modern mosaic 2271:(Greek Orthodox), 2264:(Greek Orthodox), 2044: 2043: 2036: 2018: 1901:COVID-19 pandemic 1789:Church of England 1037:also call it the 880:Christian Quarter 868: 867: 805:Greater Jerusalem 629:Hebrew University 456: 455: 293: 292: 195:13 September 335 112:Christian Quarter 11462: 11238:Kugel Yerushalmi 11066:Tabachnik Garden 11024:Mamilla Cemetery 10988:King David Hotel 10896:Train Track Park 10778:Armenian Quarter 10716:Bukharan Quarter 10403:Ramban Synagogue 10323: 10322: 10280:Temple Institute 10270:Siebenberg House 10260:Russian Compound 10040:Dome of the Rock 10011: 10004: 9997: 9988: 9987: 9974: 9973: 9972: 9964:Islam portal 9962: 9961: 9960: 9950: 9949: 9938: 9937: 9936: 9926: 9925: 9924: 9880: 9879: 9844:Ramban Synagogue 9799: 9798: 9712:Dome of the Rock 9697:Dome of al-Khidr 9664: 9663: 9602: 9503: 9463: 9462: 9432: 9431: 9423: 9422: 9334: 9333: 9295: 9294: 9276:Maronite Convent 9228:Melkite Catholic 9181: 9180: 9114: 9113: 9090: 9089: 9034: 9033: 8985: 8978: 8971: 8962: 8961: 8948: 8947: 8946: 8938:Islam portal 8936: 8935: 8934: 8924: 8923: 8912: 8911: 8910: 8900: 8899: 8898: 8739:Mamilla Cemetery 8702: 8695: 8688: 8679: 8678: 8566: 8564: 8553: 8543: 8541: 8539: 8502: 8490: 8478: 8476: 8474: 8425: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8381: 8352: 8333: 8331: 8329: 8300: 8279: 8277: 8275: 8238: 8220: 8189: 8188: 8167: 8161: 8160: 8158: 8156: 8137: 8131: 8130: 8128: 8126: 8070: 8064: 8051: 8045: 8013: 8007: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7999: 7977: 7971: 7970: 7968: 7966: 7947: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7936: 7916: 7910: 7909: 7907: 7905: 7891: 7883: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7872: 7850: 7844: 7843: 7841: 7839: 7820: 7811: 7810: 7808: 7806: 7784: 7775: 7757: 7751: 7750: 7748: 7746: 7727: 7721: 7720: 7718: 7716: 7696: 7690: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7682: 7661: 7655: 7654: 7652: 7650: 7628: 7622: 7621: 7619: 7617: 7595: 7589: 7588: 7586: 7584: 7562: 7556: 7555: 7553: 7551: 7523: 7517: 7516: 7511: 7509: 7500:. Archived from 7489: 7483: 7482: 7462: 7452: 7446: 7445: 7443: 7441: 7422: 7416: 7403: 7397: 7396: 7394: 7392: 7361: 7355: 7354: 7352: 7350: 7345:on 15 March 2012 7341:. Archived from 7331: 7325: 7324: 7322: 7320: 7302: 7296: 7295: 7293: 7291: 7273: 7267: 7254: 7245: 7244: 7242: 7240: 7225: 7216: 7215: 7213: 7211: 7193: 7187: 7186: 7181:. Archived from 7170: 7164: 7163: 7161: 7159: 7150:. 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Archived from 6308: 6302: 6301: 6299: 6297: 6278: 6272: 6271: 6269: 6267: 6252: 6246: 6243: 6234: 6233: 6231: 6229: 6214: 6208: 6202: 6191: 6190: 6188: 6186: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6156: 6154: 6126: 6120: 6119: 6114: 6112: 6081: 6075: 6069: 6060: 6059: 6051:The state-owned 6035: 6029: 6028: 6026: 6024: 6000: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5989: 5967: 5961: 5960: 5958: 5956: 5937: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5926: 5906: 5900: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5886:. Archived from 5875: 5869: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5844: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5833: 5827: 5822:. Archived from 5811: 5805: 5804: 5799: 5797: 5777: 5768: 5767: 5765: 5763: 5754:. Archived from 5744: 5738: 5737: 5719: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5708: 5699:. Archived from 5688: 5679: 5678: 5670: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5656: 5636: 5627: 5626: 5624: 5622: 5617:on 28 April 2014 5613:. Archived from 5602: 5596: 5595: 5569: 5563: 5550: 5544: 5543: 5541: 5539: 5517: 5511: 5510:, p. 46–56. 5505: 5499: 5498: 5496: 5494: 5463: 5457: 5456: 5454: 5452: 5424: 5418: 5417: 5412: 5410: 5382: 5376: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5353: 5347: 5346: 5336: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5325: 5316:. Archived from 5306: 5300: 5290: 5273: 5267: 5261: 5260: 5237: 5231: 5230: 5221:Fergusson, James 5217: 5211: 5210: 5197: 5191: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5183: 5155: 5144: 5143: 5119: 5113: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5080: 5074: 5068: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5050: 5030: 5020: 5011: 5010: 5000: 4998: 4992: 4971: 4960: 4954: 4953: 4951: 4949: 4930: 4919: 4918: 4916: 4914: 4863: 4857: 4844: 4838: 4837: 4834:Internet Archive 4831: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4807: 4802:on 27 April 2021 4798:. Archived from 4787: 4764: 4758: 4739: 4724: 4718: 4717: 4715: 4713: 4692: 4686: 4685: 4683: 4681: 4669:Hartford Courant 4659: 4653: 4652: 4646: 4644: 4627: 4621: 4594: 4588: 4587: 4577: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4561: 4539: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4503: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4492: 4464: 4455: 4454: 4442: 4425: 4424: 4409: 4403: 4402: 4369: 4363: 4362: 4349: 4343: 4342: 4306: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4283: 4277: 4276: 4274: 4272: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4223: 4210: 4209: 4191: 4185: 4184: 4182: 4180: 4161: 4150: 4149: 4140:"Holy Sepulchre" 4135: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4100: 4078: 4071: 4065: 4063: 4062: 4057: 4050: 4044: 4041: 4035: 4032: 4026: 4023:immovable ladder 4019: 4010: 3993: 3987: 3985: 3971:Every year, the 3969: 3963: 3960:Eastern Orthodox 3956: 3950: 3947: 3941: 3930: 3924: 3922: 3912: 3910: 3902: 3892: 3890: 3882: 3872: 3870: 3862: 3856: 3855: 3845: 3843: 3835: 3825: 3823: 3815: 3805: 3803: 3787: 3777: 3775: 3767: 3685: 3677:Charles Coüasnon 3660: 3655: 3654: 3646: 3641: 3640: 3598: 3553:Armenian Quarter 3235:Immovable Ladder 3099:), the Armenian 3050: 3034:Prison of Christ 3020:Prison of Christ 2862: 2846: 2803:is situated, an 2731:ceremony of the 2709:Eastern Orthodox 2675: 2663: 2651: 2639: 2627: 2615: 2603: 2588: 2572: 2357:immovable ladder 2068:immovable ladder 2039: 2032: 2028: 2025: 2019: 2017: 1976: 1952: 1944: 1875:King Abdullah II 1678:Eastern Orthodox 1556:Latin patriarchs 1483: 1367:Byzantine Empire 1227: 1214: 1189: 1186: 1182: 1179:De Locis Sanctis 1169: 1160: 1108:began to favour 1083: 1080:Aelia Capitolina 963:Passion of Jesus 860: 853: 846: 715:Political status 597:Dome of the Rock 369:Aelia Capitolina 345: 344: 318: 295: 294: 247: 244: 197:(1689 years ago) 159: 157:Eastern Orthodox 152: 132:Eastern Orthodox 103: 102: 100: 99: 98: 93: 89: 86: 85: 84: 81: 47: 35: 34: 11470: 11469: 11465: 11464: 11463: 11461: 11460: 11459: 11290: 11289: 11288: 11283: 11257: 11223:Jerusalem bagel 11198: 11169:Israel Festival 11142: 11106: 11070: 11007: 10946: 10910: 10861:Jerusalem Trail 10814: 10731:Ethiopia Street 10721:Artists' Colony 10704: 10700:Zedekiah's Cave 10660:Tomb of Absalom 10620:Israelite Tower 10588:Cave of Nicanor 10567: 10531: 10444: 10373:Hurva Synagogue 10363:Hecht Synagogue 10319:Religious sites 10314: 10305:Yad Levi Eshkol 10146: 10018: 10015: 9985: 9980: 9970: 9968: 9958: 9956: 9944: 9934: 9932: 9922: 9920: 9898: 9878: 9869:Hurva Synagogue 9835: 9828: 9791: 9782: 9770: 9761:Al Dissi Mosque 9743:Al-Buraq Mosque 9731: 9670: 9656: 9651: 9643: 9642: 9639:Sultan Suleiman 9632:Ma'ale HaShalom 9630: 9605: 9600: 9588: 9563: 9556: 9555: 9554: 9551: 9546: 9545: 9542: 9537: 9536: 9533: 9528: 9527: 9524: 9519: 9518: 9512: 9511: 9508: 9496:Areas, quarters 9479: 9448: 9408: 9392: 9390:Coptic Orthodox 9384: 9372:Syriac Orthodox 9366: 9340: 9328: 9317: 9301: 9289: 9278: 9264: 9246: 9230: 9218: 9179: 9156: 9120: 9112: 9096: 9079: 9023: 9002: 8989: 8959: 8954: 8944: 8942: 8932: 8930: 8918: 8908: 8906: 8896: 8894: 8886: 8847:Tomb of Absalom 8812:Cave of Nicanor 8800: 8779: 8743: 8727: 8711: 8706: 8655:Wayback Machine 8642:Wayback Machine 8635:Nuseibeh family 8574: 8569: 8562: 8551: 8537: 8535: 8528: 8508:Weitzmann, Kurt 8472: 8470: 8386: 8379: 8377: 8370: 8349: 8327: 8325: 8318: 8297: 8273: 8271: 8264: 8245: 8243:Further reading 8236: 8217: 8198: 8193: 8192: 8182: 8168: 8164: 8154: 8152: 8139: 8138: 8134: 8124: 8122: 8071: 8067: 8061:Wayback Machine 8052: 8048: 8025:Wayback Machine 8014: 8010: 8004: 7997: 7995: 7978: 7974: 7964: 7962: 7949: 7948: 7944: 7934: 7932: 7925:Times of Israel 7917: 7913: 7903: 7901: 7884: 7880: 7870: 7868: 7860:Weekend Edition 7851: 7847: 7837: 7835: 7822: 7821: 7814: 7804: 7802: 7791: 7785: 7778: 7768:Wayback Machine 7758: 7754: 7744: 7742: 7729: 7728: 7724: 7714: 7712: 7697: 7693: 7687: 7680: 7678: 7663: 7662: 7658: 7648: 7646: 7629: 7625: 7615: 7613: 7596: 7592: 7582: 7580: 7563: 7559: 7549: 7547: 7540: 7524: 7520: 7507: 7505: 7490: 7486: 7471: 7453: 7449: 7439: 7437: 7424: 7423: 7419: 7413:Wayback Machine 7404: 7400: 7390: 7388: 7381: 7365:Goldhill, Simon 7362: 7358: 7348: 7346: 7333: 7332: 7328: 7318: 7316: 7303: 7299: 7289: 7287: 7274: 7270: 7264:Wayback Machine 7255: 7248: 7238: 7236: 7235:on 3 March 2012 7227: 7226: 7219: 7209: 7207: 7194: 7190: 7171: 7167: 7157: 7155: 7142: 7141: 7137: 7127: 7125: 7118: 7102: 7098: 7084: 7082: 7047: 7043: 7029: 7027: 7014: 7007: 6994: 6992: 6979: 6975: 6965: 6963: 6954: 6953: 6949: 6939: 6937: 6928: 6927: 6923: 6913: 6911: 6898: 6894: 6883: 6879: 6869: 6867: 6850: 6846: 6836: 6834: 6823:"Coptic Chapel" 6821: 6820: 6816: 6806: 6804: 6791: 6790: 6786: 6776: 6774: 6769:. p. 307. 6761: 6757: 6747: 6745: 6738: 6722: 6718: 6708: 6706: 6693: 6692: 6683: 6675: 6671: 6658: 6656: 6649: 6633: 6629: 6615: 6613: 6600: 6596: 6586: 6584: 6575: 6574: 6570: 6565: 6561: 6548: 6546: 6539: 6523: 6519: 6511: 6494: 6484: 6482: 6467: 6458: 6448: 6446: 6431: 6424: 6414: 6412: 6397: 6393: 6363: 6361: 6348: 6347: 6338: 6328: 6326: 6309: 6305: 6295: 6293: 6280: 6279: 6275: 6265: 6263: 6254: 6253: 6249: 6244: 6237: 6227: 6225: 6216: 6215: 6211: 6203: 6194: 6184: 6182: 6171: 6170: 6166: 6152: 6150: 6143: 6127: 6123: 6110: 6108: 6101: 6082: 6078: 6070: 6063: 6037: 6036: 6032: 6022: 6020: 6011:(in Armenian). 6001: 5997: 5987: 5985: 5968: 5964: 5954: 5952: 5939: 5938: 5934: 5924: 5922: 5907: 5903: 5893: 5891: 5876: 5872: 5862: 5860: 5845: 5841: 5831: 5829: 5812: 5808: 5795: 5793: 5778: 5771: 5761: 5759: 5746: 5745: 5741: 5734: 5724:Die Jesus-Tafel 5720: 5716: 5706: 5704: 5689: 5682: 5671: 5664: 5654: 5652: 5637: 5630: 5620: 5618: 5603: 5599: 5592: 5570: 5566: 5560:Wayback Machine 5551: 5547: 5537: 5535: 5518: 5514: 5506: 5502: 5492: 5490: 5483: 5464: 5460: 5450: 5448: 5441: 5425: 5421: 5408: 5406: 5399: 5383: 5379: 5369: 5367: 5354: 5350: 5337: 5333: 5323: 5321: 5308: 5307: 5303: 5291: 5276: 5268: 5264: 5257: 5238: 5234: 5218: 5214: 5198: 5194: 5188: 5181: 5179: 5172: 5156: 5147: 5136: 5120: 5116: 5106: 5104: 5097: 5081: 5077: 5069: 5058: 5048: 5046: 5039: 5021: 5014: 4996: 4994: 4990: 4984: 4969: 4961: 4957: 4947: 4945: 4932: 4931: 4922: 4912: 4910: 4887:10.2307/1291664 4864: 4860: 4845: 4841: 4819: 4815: 4805: 4803: 4788: 4767: 4759: 4742: 4735:Wayback Machine 4725: 4721: 4711: 4709: 4693: 4689: 4679: 4677: 4660: 4656: 4642: 4640: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4608:Wayback Machine 4595: 4591: 4578: 4569: 4559: 4557: 4540: 4531: 4521: 4519: 4504: 4500: 4490: 4488: 4481: 4465: 4458: 4443: 4428: 4410: 4406: 4373:Taylor, Joan E. 4370: 4366: 4350: 4346: 4307: 4303: 4284: 4280: 4270: 4268: 4252: 4248: 4241: 4224: 4213: 4206: 4192: 4188: 4178: 4176: 4163: 4162: 4153: 4136: 4127: 4117: 4115: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4081: 4072: 4068: 4051: 4047: 4042: 4038: 4033: 4029: 4020: 4013: 4004:Yahya ibn Sa'id 3994: 3990: 3979: 3970: 3966: 3957: 3953: 3948: 3944: 3931: 3927: 3863: 3859: 3768: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3705:The Garden Tomb 3679: 3656: 3649: 3642: 3635: 3632: 3613:Patriarch Nikon 3592: 3570: 3510: 3451:east–west roads 3443: 3417: 3364: 3359: 3318: 3310:Nusaybah family 3299:Syriac Orthodox 3291:Coptic Orthodox 3223: 3217: 3215:Ottoman decrees 3212: 3197:(named for the 3183: 3150: 3144: 3119: 3113: 3077: 3044: 3022: 2994: 2979:The Franciscan 2968:The Franciscan 2949: 2935: 2927:Saint Nicodemus 2919:Syriac Orthodox 2912:Syriac Orthodox 2896: 2876: 2871: 2870: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2854: 2847: 2781:In the central 2776:its iconostasis 2764: 2745:Coptic Orthodox 2684: 2683: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2667: 2664: 2655: 2652: 2643: 2640: 2631: 2628: 2619: 2616: 2607: 2604: 2595: 2589: 2580: 2573: 2559: 2505:Crusader graves 2494:Burial of Jesus 2439: 2367: 2345:Nuseibeh family 2305: 2285: 2230:Philip Daubeney 2177:or against it: 2133:Suq ed-Dabbagha 2091:Suq ed-Dabbagha 2040: 2029: 2023: 2020: 1977: 1975: 1965: 1953: 1942: 1937: 1913: 1897: 1859: 1846: 1806: 1757: 1726:Ottoman Baroque 1643: 1549:Queen Melisende 1515:William of Tyre 1501: 1439: 1434: 1428: 1422: 1363: 1290:Sassanid Empire 1282: 1272: 1235:, known as the 1222:(also known as 1194: 1193: 1192: 1191: 1187: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1162: 1161: 1150: 1112:and signed the 1102: 1062: 1057: 1051: 1010: 921:, where he was 864: 835: 834: 830:Historical maps 785: 784: 775: 774: 718: 717: 706: 705: 678: 677: 667: 654: 653: 644:Tomb of Lazarus 568: 567: 556: 555: 502: 468: 467: 458: 457: 429:British Mandate 342: 341: 331: 245: 196: 162: 155: 148: 96: 94: 90: 87: 82: 79: 77: 75: 74: 65: 33: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 11468: 11458: 11457: 11452: 11447: 11442: 11437: 11432: 11427: 11422: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11402: 11400:Round churches 11397: 11392: 11387: 11382: 11377: 11372: 11367: 11365:Crusade places 11362: 11357: 11352: 11347: 11342: 11337: 11332: 11327: 11322: 11317: 11312: 11307: 11302: 11285: 11284: 11282: 11281: 11276: 11271: 11265: 11263: 11259: 11258: 11256: 11255: 11250: 11245: 11243:Macaroni Hamin 11240: 11235: 11230: 11225: 11220: 11215: 11209: 11207: 11200: 11199: 11197: 11196: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11161: 11156: 11150: 11148: 11144: 11143: 11141: 11140: 11135: 11130: 11125: 11120: 11114: 11112: 11108: 11107: 11105: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11089: 11084: 11078: 11076: 11072: 11071: 11069: 11068: 11063: 11058: 11053: 11048: 11047: 11046: 11041: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11019:Har HaMenuchot 11015: 11013: 11009: 11008: 11006: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10980: 10975: 10970: 10965: 10960: 10954: 10952: 10948: 10947: 10945: 10944: 10939: 10934: 10929: 10924: 10918: 10916: 10912: 10911: 10909: 10908: 10903: 10901:Wohl Rose Park 10898: 10893: 10888: 10883: 10878: 10873: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10836:Gazelle Valley 10833: 10828: 10822: 10820: 10816: 10815: 10813: 10812: 10807: 10802: 10797: 10795:Nahalat Shiv'a 10792: 10787: 10786: 10785: 10783:Muslim Quarter 10780: 10775: 10770: 10768:Jewish Quarter 10760: 10759: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10741:Davidka Square 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10712: 10710: 10706: 10705: 10703: 10702: 10697: 10692: 10687: 10682: 10677: 10672: 10667: 10662: 10657: 10652: 10647: 10642: 10637: 10632: 10627: 10622: 10617: 10612: 10611: 10610: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10579: 10577: 10573: 10572: 10569: 10568: 10566: 10565: 10563:Mosque of Omar 10560: 10558:Marwani Mosque 10555: 10550: 10545: 10543:Al-Aqsa Mosque 10539: 10537: 10533: 10532: 10530: 10529: 10523: 10522: 10517: 10516: 10515: 10505: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10484: 10483: 10478: 10476:Deir es-Sultan 10468: 10463: 10458: 10452: 10450: 10446: 10445: 10443: 10442: 10437: 10436: 10435: 10430: 10420: 10415: 10410: 10405: 10400: 10395: 10390: 10385: 10380: 10375: 10370: 10368:Heichal Shlomo 10365: 10360: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10340: 10335: 10333:Ades Synagogue 10329: 10327: 10320: 10316: 10315: 10313: 10312: 10307: 10302: 10297: 10295:Tower of David 10292: 10287: 10282: 10277: 10272: 10267: 10262: 10257: 10252: 10247: 10242: 10237: 10232: 10227: 10222: 10217: 10212: 10211: 10210: 10200: 10198:Islamic Museum 10195: 10190: 10185: 10183:Heichal Shlomo 10180: 10175: 10170: 10165: 10160: 10154: 10152: 10148: 10147: 10145: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10132:Tower of David 10129: 10124: 10119: 10114: 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10093: 10092: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10030:Armon HaNatziv 10026: 10024: 10020: 10019: 10014: 10013: 10006: 9999: 9991: 9982: 9981: 9979: 9978: 9966: 9954: 9942: 9930: 9918: 9911: 9908: 9907: 9904: 9903: 9900: 9899: 9897: 9896: 9888: 9886: 9877: 9876: 9871: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9840: 9838: 9830: 9829: 9827: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9805: 9803: 9796: 9776: 9775: 9772: 9771: 9769: 9768: 9763: 9758: 9756:Mosque of Omar 9753: 9748: 9745: 9739: 9737: 9733: 9732: 9730: 9729: 9727:Marwani Mosque 9724: 9719: 9714: 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9678: 9676: 9661: 9645: 9644: 9641: 9640: 9637: 9634: 9625: 9620: 9614: 9548: 9547: 9539: 9538: 9530: 9529: 9521: 9520: 9514: 9513: 9505: 9504: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9488: 9485: 9484: 9481: 9480: 9478: 9477: 9471: 9469: 9460: 9454: 9453: 9450: 9449: 9447: 9446: 9440: 9438: 9429: 9420: 9414: 9413: 9410: 9409: 9407: 9406: 9404:Deir es-Sultan 9400: 9398: 9386: 9385: 9383: 9382: 9376: 9374: 9368: 9367: 9365: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9348: 9346: 9331: 9323: 9322: 9319: 9318: 9316: 9315: 9309: 9307: 9299:Greek Orthodox 9292: 9284: 9283: 9280: 9279: 9274: 9272: 9266: 9265: 9263: 9262: 9256: 9254: 9248: 9247: 9245: 9244: 9238: 9236: 9224: 9223: 9220: 9219: 9217: 9216: 9213:Templum Domini 9209: 9202: 9195: 9189: 9187: 9178: 9177: 9172: 9167: 9161: 9158: 9157: 9155: 9154: 9149: 9148: 9147: 9142: 9134: 9128: 9126: 9111: 9110: 9104: 9102: 9087: 9081: 9080: 9078: 9077: 9069: 9062: 9061: 9060: 9055: 9053:Deir es-Sultan 9044: 9042: 9031: 9025: 9024: 9022: 9021: 9018: 9007: 9004: 9003: 8988: 8987: 8980: 8973: 8965: 8956: 8955: 8953: 8952: 8940: 8928: 8916: 8904: 8891: 8888: 8887: 8885: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8839: 8837:Holy Sepulchre 8834: 8829: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8808: 8806: 8802: 8801: 8799: 8798: 8793: 8787: 8785: 8781: 8780: 8778: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8755:Har HaMenuchot 8751: 8749: 8745: 8744: 8742: 8741: 8735: 8733: 8729: 8728: 8726: 8725: 8719: 8717: 8713: 8712: 8705: 8704: 8697: 8690: 8682: 8676: 8675: 8670: 8659: 8658: 8645: 8632: 8626: 8620: 8608: 8607: 8601: 8592: 8586: 8581: 8573: 8572:External links 8570: 8568: 8567: 8544: 8527:978-0870991790 8526: 8510:, ed. (1979). 8504: 8493:Chisholm, Hugh 8479: 8426: 8389: 8368: 8353: 8347: 8334: 8316: 8301: 8295: 8280: 8262: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8240: 8239: 8235:978-0198269281 8234: 8221: 8215: 8197: 8194: 8191: 8190: 8180: 8162: 8132: 8091:10.2307/766940 8085:(2): 311–321. 8065: 8046: 8008: 7972: 7942: 7911: 7878: 7845: 7812: 7776: 7752: 7722: 7691: 7656: 7623: 7590: 7557: 7538: 7518: 7484: 7469: 7447: 7417: 7398: 7379: 7356: 7326: 7297: 7268: 7246: 7217: 7188: 7165: 7148:Madain Project 7135: 7116: 7096: 7061:(4): 482–504. 7041: 7005: 6973: 6947: 6921: 6892: 6877: 6855:Échos d'Orient 6844: 6814: 6784: 6755: 6736: 6716: 6681: 6679:, p. 104. 6669: 6647: 6627: 6594: 6583:on 24 May 2008 6568: 6559: 6537: 6517: 6492: 6477:. Manchester. 6456: 6422: 6411:on 11 May 2019 6391: 6336: 6303: 6273: 6247: 6235: 6224:on 1 July 2012 6209: 6192: 6164: 6141: 6121: 6099: 6076: 6061: 6054:Akhbar al-Youm 6030: 6015:(2): 159–177. 5995: 5962: 5932: 5901: 5870: 5839: 5806: 5769: 5752:Madain Project 5739: 5732: 5714: 5680: 5662: 5628: 5597: 5590: 5564: 5545: 5512: 5500: 5481: 5458: 5440:978-9654067676 5439: 5419: 5397: 5377: 5348: 5331: 5320:on 16 May 2020 5314:Madain Project 5301: 5274: 5262: 5255: 5232: 5212: 5192: 5170: 5145: 5135:978-0141957951 5134: 5114: 5095: 5075: 5056: 5038:978-9042909526 5037: 5012: 4982: 4955: 4920: 4858: 4839: 4813: 4765: 4740: 4719: 4687: 4654: 4622: 4589: 4567: 4529: 4498: 4479: 4456: 4426: 4423:. p. 142. 4404: 4385:(2): 180–203. 4364: 4358:Revue Biblique 4344: 4317:(2): 187–207. 4301: 4287:Cust, L. G. A. 4278: 4246: 4240:978-0191528675 4239: 4211: 4204: 4186: 4151: 4125: 4108:Madain Project 4094: 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4080: 4079: 4066: 4045: 4036: 4027: 4011: 3988: 3964: 3951: 3942: 3934:Joan E. Taylor 3925: 3857: 3761: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3752: 3747: 3742: 3737: 3732: 3730:Monza ampullae 3727: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3674: 3669: 3663: 3662: 3661: 3647: 3631: 3628: 3569: 3566: 3509: 3506: 3442: 3439: 3435:Ateret Cohanim 3416: 3413: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3331:consul general 3317: 3314: 3268:Greek Orthodox 3264:Roman Catholic 3219:Main article: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3206: 3182: 3179: 3178: 3177: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3138: 3115:Main article: 3112: 3109: 3076: 3073: 3038:Greek Orthodox 3021: 3018: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2977: 2974:Mary Magdalene 2948: 2945: 2934: 2931: 2895: 2892: 2875: 2872: 2868: 2867: 2864: 2857: 2855: 2848: 2841: 2838: 2837: 2836: 2763: 2760: 2721:Divine Liturgy 2713:Roman Catholic 2681: 2680: 2677: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2610: 2608: 2605: 2598: 2596: 2590: 2583: 2581: 2574: 2567: 2564: 2563: 2562: 2558: 2555: 2551:Chapel of Adam 2438: 2435: 2423:Greek Treasury 2412:Chapel of Adam 2407:of the Cross. 2366: 2363: 2304: 2301: 2284: 2281: 2280: 2279: 2272: 2267:The Chapel of 2265: 2260:The Chapel of 2242: 2241: 2236:and signer of 2218: 2204:Greek Orthodox 2197: 2186:Roman Catholic 2171: 2170: 2163:Deir es-Sultan 2143: 2136: 2121: 2120: 2109: 2087:St Helena Road 2042: 2041: 1956: 1954: 1947: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1929:Greek Orthodox 1912: 1909: 1896: 1893: 1858: 1855: 1845: 1842: 1805: 1802: 1785:British Empire 1756: 1753: 1642: 1641:Ottoman period 1639: 1603:Chapel of Adam 1500: 1497: 1438: 1435: 1421: 1418: 1410:Abbasid caliph 1408:(loyal to the 1383:Constantinople 1362: 1359: 1339:Fatimid caliph 1334:was murdered. 1271: 1268: 1241: 1240: 1216: 1174: 1173: 1164: 1163: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1114:Edict of Milan 1101: 1098: 1061: 1058: 1050: 1047: 1029:Holy Sepulchre 1009: 1006: 986:Greek Orthodox 982:Roman Catholic 900:fourth century 866: 865: 863: 862: 855: 848: 840: 837: 836: 833: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 792: 786: 782: 781: 780: 777: 776: 773: 772: 770:US recognition 767: 762: 757: 752: 747: 742: 741: 740: 735: 730: 719: 713: 712: 711: 708: 707: 704: 702:Crusader kings 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 676: 675: 674: 673: 661: 660: 659: 656: 655: 652: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 605: 604: 602:Al-Aqsa Mosque 599: 585: 580: 575: 569: 563: 562: 561: 558: 557: 554: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 507: 506: 501: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 474: 473: 469: 465: 464: 463: 460: 459: 454: 453: 450: 449: 438:Modern period 435: 434: 431: 425: 424: 421: 415: 414: 411: 405: 404: 401: 395: 394: 391: 385: 384: 381: 375: 374: 371: 365: 364: 361: 355: 354: 351: 343: 340: 339: 338: 337: 325: 324: 323: 320: 319: 311: 310: 304: 303: 291: 290: 287: 281: 280: 277: 270: 269: 266: 262: 261: 260:Specifications 257: 256: 253: 249: 248: 240: 238:Groundbreaking 234: 233: 223:Paleochristian 220: 214: 213: 210: 204: 203: 199: 198: 193: 187: 186: 181: 177: 176: 173: 169: 168: 164: 163: 161: 160: 153: 150:Roman Catholic 145: 143: 139: 138: 125: 119: 118: 109: 105: 104: 71: 70: 67: 66: 48: 40: 39: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11467: 11456: 11453: 11451: 11448: 11446: 11443: 11441: 11438: 11436: 11433: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11403: 11401: 11398: 11396: 11393: 11391: 11388: 11386: 11383: 11381: 11378: 11376: 11373: 11371: 11368: 11366: 11363: 11361: 11358: 11356: 11353: 11351: 11348: 11346: 11343: 11341: 11338: 11336: 11333: 11331: 11328: 11326: 11323: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11303: 11301: 11298: 11297: 11295: 11280: 11277: 11275: 11272: 11270: 11267: 11266: 11264: 11260: 11254: 11251: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11210: 11208: 11206: 11201: 11195: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11175: 11174:Jerusalem Day 11172: 11170: 11167: 11165: 11162: 11160: 11157: 11155: 11152: 11151: 11149: 11145: 11139: 11138:Suq el-Bazaar 11136: 11134: 11131: 11129: 11126: 11124: 11121: 11119: 11116: 11115: 11113: 11109: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11079: 11077: 11073: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11036: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11016: 11014: 11010: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10984: 10981: 10979: 10976: 10974: 10971: 10969: 10966: 10964: 10961: 10959: 10956: 10955: 10953: 10949: 10943: 10942:Teddy Stadium 10940: 10938: 10935: 10933: 10930: 10928: 10925: 10923: 10920: 10919: 10917: 10913: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10869: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10823: 10821: 10817: 10811: 10808: 10806: 10803: 10801: 10798: 10796: 10793: 10791: 10788: 10784: 10781: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10765: 10764: 10761: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10751:Tzahal Square 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10738: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10713: 10711: 10707: 10701: 10698: 10696: 10693: 10691: 10688: 10686: 10683: 10681: 10678: 10676: 10673: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10663: 10661: 10658: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10646: 10643: 10641: 10638: 10636: 10633: 10631: 10628: 10626: 10623: 10621: 10618: 10616: 10613: 10609: 10608:Siloam tunnel 10606: 10605: 10604: 10603:City of David 10601: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10580: 10578: 10574: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10546: 10544: 10541: 10540: 10538: 10534: 10528: 10525: 10524: 10521: 10518: 10514: 10511: 10510: 10509: 10506: 10504: 10501: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10473: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10453: 10451: 10447: 10441: 10438: 10434: 10433:Wilson's Arch 10431: 10429: 10426: 10425: 10424: 10423:Western Wall‎ 10421: 10419: 10416: 10414: 10411: 10409: 10406: 10404: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10389: 10386: 10384: 10381: 10379: 10376: 10374: 10371: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10339: 10338:Ari Synagogue 10336: 10334: 10331: 10330: 10328: 10324: 10321: 10317: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10293: 10291: 10288: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10258: 10256: 10253: 10251: 10248: 10246: 10243: 10241: 10238: 10236: 10233: 10231: 10228: 10226: 10223: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10209: 10206: 10205: 10204: 10203:Israel Museum 10201: 10199: 10196: 10194: 10191: 10189: 10186: 10184: 10181: 10179: 10176: 10174: 10171: 10169: 10166: 10164: 10161: 10159: 10156: 10155: 10153: 10149: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10075: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10050:Damascus Gate 10048: 10047: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10035:Chords Bridge 10033: 10031: 10028: 10027: 10025: 10021: 10012: 10007: 10005: 10000: 9998: 9993: 9992: 9989: 9977: 9967: 9965: 9955: 9953: 9948: 9943: 9941: 9931: 9929: 9919: 9917: 9913: 9912: 9909: 9895: 9894: 9890: 9889: 9887: 9885: 9881: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9849:Ari Synagogue 9847: 9845: 9842: 9841: 9839: 9837: 9831: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9809:Southern Wall 9807: 9806: 9804: 9800: 9797: 9794: 9790: 9786: 9781: 9777: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9752: 9749: 9746: 9744: 9741: 9740: 9738: 9736:Other mosques 9734: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9717:Dome of Yusuf 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9669: 9665: 9662: 9659: 9655: 9654:Sunni Islamic 9650: 9646: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9615: 9612: 9609: 9608: 9603: 9596: 9592: 9587: 9583: 9579: 9575: 9571: 9567: 9562: 9561: 9553: 9544: 9535: 9526: 9517: 9510: 9502: 9497: 9476: 9473: 9472: 9470: 9468: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9455: 9445: 9444:Christ Church 9442: 9441: 9439: 9437: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9415: 9405: 9402: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9391: 9387: 9381: 9378: 9377: 9375: 9373: 9369: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9339: 9335: 9332: 9330: 9324: 9314: 9311: 9310: 9308: 9305: 9300: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9285: 9277: 9273: 9271: 9267: 9261: 9258: 9257: 9255: 9253: 9249: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9229: 9225: 9215: 9214: 9210: 9208: 9207: 9203: 9201: 9200: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9190: 9188: 9186: 9182: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9162: 9153: 9150: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9137: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9119: 9115: 9109: 9106: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9095: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9082: 9076: 9075: 9070: 9068: 9067: 9063: 9059: 9056: 9054: 9051: 9050: 9049: 9046: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9026: 9019: 9016: 9012: 9009: 9008: 9005: 9001: 8997: 8993: 8986: 8981: 8979: 8974: 8972: 8967: 8966: 8963: 8951: 8941: 8939: 8929: 8927: 8922: 8917: 8915: 8905: 8903: 8893: 8892: 8889: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8809: 8807: 8803: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8788: 8786: 8782: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8752: 8750: 8746: 8740: 8737: 8736: 8734: 8730: 8724: 8721: 8720: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8703: 8698: 8696: 8691: 8689: 8684: 8683: 8680: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8665: 8664: 8663: 8662:Virtual tours 8656: 8652: 8649: 8646: 8643: 8639: 8636: 8633: 8630: 8627: 8624: 8621: 8618: 8615: 8614: 8613: 8612: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8596: 8593: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8579: 8576: 8575: 8561: 8557: 8550: 8545: 8533: 8529: 8523: 8519: 8515: 8514: 8509: 8505: 8500: 8499: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8480: 8468: 8464: 8460: 8456: 8452: 8448: 8444: 8440: 8436: 8432: 8427: 8423: 8419: 8415: 8411: 8407: 8403: 8399: 8395: 8390: 8375: 8371: 8365: 8361: 8360: 8354: 8350: 8348:0-903526-53-0 8344: 8340: 8335: 8323: 8319: 8317:0-19-725938-3 8313: 8309: 8308: 8302: 8298: 8296:0-8478-2282-6 8292: 8288: 8287: 8281: 8269: 8265: 8263:0-7509-1926-4 8259: 8255: 8254: 8248: 8247: 8237: 8231: 8227: 8222: 8218: 8212: 8208: 8204: 8200: 8199: 8187: 8183: 8181:9781440854620 8177: 8173: 8166: 8150: 8146: 8142: 8136: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8108: 8104: 8100: 8096: 8092: 8088: 8084: 8080: 8076: 8069: 8062: 8058: 8055: 8050: 8043: 8039: 8035: 8034:0-8018-5507-1 8031: 8027: 8026: 8022: 8019: 8012: 7993: 7989: 7988: 7983: 7976: 7960: 7956: 7955:Jerusalem 101 7952: 7946: 7930: 7926: 7922: 7915: 7899: 7895: 7890: 7882: 7866: 7862: 7861: 7856: 7849: 7833: 7829: 7825: 7819: 7817: 7800: 7797:(in Hebrew). 7796: 7792: 7783: 7781: 7773: 7769: 7765: 7762: 7756: 7740: 7736: 7732: 7726: 7710: 7706: 7702: 7695: 7676: 7672: 7671: 7666: 7660: 7644: 7640: 7639: 7634: 7627: 7611: 7607: 7606: 7601: 7594: 7578: 7574: 7573: 7568: 7561: 7545: 7541: 7535: 7531: 7530: 7522: 7515: 7503: 7499: 7498:Arabic Weekly 7495: 7488: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7470:9781576079195 7466: 7461: 7460: 7451: 7435: 7431: 7427: 7421: 7414: 7410: 7407: 7402: 7386: 7382: 7380:9780674034686 7376: 7372: 7371: 7366: 7360: 7344: 7340: 7336: 7330: 7314: 7310: 7309: 7301: 7285: 7281: 7280: 7272: 7265: 7261: 7258: 7253: 7251: 7234: 7230: 7224: 7222: 7205: 7201: 7200: 7192: 7184: 7180: 7176: 7169: 7153: 7149: 7145: 7139: 7123: 7119: 7117:9781471714283 7113: 7109: 7108: 7100: 7093: 7080: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7056: 7052: 7045: 7038: 7025: 7021: 7020: 7012: 7010: 7002: 6990: 6986: 6985: 6977: 6961: 6957: 6951: 6935: 6931: 6925: 6909: 6905: 6904: 6896: 6888: 6881: 6865: 6861: 6857: 6856: 6848: 6832: 6828: 6824: 6818: 6802: 6798: 6794: 6788: 6772: 6768: 6767: 6759: 6743: 6739: 6733: 6729: 6728: 6720: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6690: 6688: 6686: 6678: 6673: 6666: 6654: 6650: 6644: 6640: 6639: 6631: 6624: 6611: 6607: 6606: 6598: 6582: 6578: 6572: 6563: 6556: 6544: 6540: 6534: 6530: 6529: 6521: 6515:, p. 98. 6514: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6503: 6501: 6499: 6497: 6480: 6476: 6472: 6465: 6463: 6461: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6429: 6427: 6410: 6406: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6386: 6381: 6377: 6373: 6359: 6355: 6351: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6324: 6320: 6319: 6314: 6307: 6291: 6287: 6283: 6277: 6261: 6257: 6251: 6242: 6240: 6223: 6219: 6213: 6206: 6201: 6199: 6197: 6180: 6176: 6175: 6168: 6161: 6148: 6144: 6138: 6134: 6133: 6125: 6118: 6106: 6102: 6100:9780879072841 6096: 6092: 6091: 6086: 6080: 6074:, p. 97. 6073: 6068: 6066: 6058: 6056: 6055: 6048: 6044: 6040: 6034: 6018: 6014: 6010: 6006: 5999: 5983: 5979: 5978: 5973: 5966: 5950: 5946: 5942: 5936: 5920: 5916: 5912: 5905: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5874: 5858: 5854: 5850: 5843: 5826: 5821: 5817: 5810: 5803: 5791: 5787: 5783: 5776: 5774: 5757: 5753: 5749: 5743: 5735: 5733:3-451-27092-7 5729: 5725: 5718: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5687: 5685: 5676: 5669: 5667: 5650: 5646: 5642: 5635: 5633: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5601: 5593: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5568: 5562:(in Spanish). 5561: 5557: 5554: 5549: 5533: 5529: 5525: 5524: 5516: 5509: 5504: 5488: 5484: 5478: 5474: 5473: 5468: 5462: 5446: 5442: 5436: 5432: 5431: 5423: 5416: 5404: 5400: 5394: 5390: 5389: 5381: 5365: 5361: 5360: 5352: 5344: 5343: 5335: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5305: 5298: 5294: 5289: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5279: 5271: 5266: 5258: 5252: 5248: 5247: 5242: 5236: 5228: 5227: 5222: 5216: 5208: 5207: 5202: 5196: 5177: 5173: 5167: 5163: 5162: 5154: 5152: 5150: 5141: 5137: 5131: 5127: 5126: 5118: 5102: 5098: 5096:0-385-50584-1 5092: 5088: 5087: 5079: 5072: 5067: 5065: 5063: 5061: 5044: 5040: 5034: 5029: 5028: 5019: 5017: 5009: 5007: 5004:Arabic title 4989: 4985: 4979: 4975: 4968: 4967: 4959: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4929: 4927: 4925: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4862: 4856:, p. 594 4855: 4854: 4849: 4843: 4835: 4830: 4829: 4823: 4817: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4770: 4763:, p. 99. 4762: 4757: 4755: 4753: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4723: 4707: 4703: 4702: 4697: 4691: 4675: 4671: 4670: 4665: 4658: 4651: 4638: 4634: 4633: 4626: 4619: 4618: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4593: 4585: 4584: 4576: 4574: 4572: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4546: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4506:Rudd, Steve. 4502: 4486: 4482: 4476: 4472: 4471: 4463: 4461: 4452: 4448: 4441: 4439: 4437: 4435: 4433: 4431: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4413:Allison, Dale 4408: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4379: 4374: 4368: 4360: 4359: 4354: 4348: 4340: 4336: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4305: 4296: 4294: 4288: 4282: 4266: 4262: 4261: 4256: 4250: 4242: 4236: 4232: 4231:The Holy Land 4228: 4222: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4207: 4201: 4197: 4190: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4147: 4146: 4141: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4099: 4095: 4076: 4075:Hebrews 13:12 4073:For example, 4070: 4056: 4049: 4040: 4031: 4024: 4018: 4016: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3992: 3983: 3978: 3974: 3968: 3961: 3955: 3946: 3939: 3935: 3929: 3921: 3915: 3906: 3901: 3895: 3886: 3881: 3875: 3866: 3861: 3854: 3848: 3839: 3834: 3828: 3819: 3814: 3808: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3786: 3780: 3771: 3766: 3762: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3743: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3726: 3723: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3664: 3659: 3653: 3648: 3645: 3639: 3634: 3627: 3625: 3620: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3609:Moscow Oblast 3606: 3602: 3596: 3591: 3590:Heiliges Grab 3587: 3581: 3579: 3575: 3574:Santo Stefano 3565: 3563: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3539: 3535: 3533: 3532:Herod Agrippa 3525: 3524: 3519: 3518:David Roberts 3514: 3505: 3503: 3499: 3494: 3492: 3487: 3483: 3478: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3452: 3447: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3427: 3425: 3421: 3411: 3407: 3405: 3404: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3384: 3379: 3377: 3372: 3369: 3354: 3352: 3348: 3343: 3341: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3313: 3311: 3307: 3302: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3260: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3245: 3236: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3193: 3192: 3187: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3159: 3154: 3149: 3136: 3131: 3130: 3127: 3123: 3118: 3108: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3095:(named after 3094: 3090: 3081: 3072: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3048: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3026: 3017: 3015: 3011: 3007: 2998: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2966: 2961: 2953: 2944: 2942: 2941: 2930: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2915: 2913: 2909: 2908:Syriac Chapel 2900: 2891: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2878:South of the 2861: 2856: 2852: 2845: 2840: 2839: 2835: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2816: 2813: 2808: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2789: 2784: 2777: 2773: 2768: 2759: 2757: 2752: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2737:Coptic Chapel 2734: 2730: 2729:Holy Saturday 2726: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2701: 2699: 2698: 2693: 2689: 2674: 2669: 2662: 2657: 2650: 2645: 2638: 2633: 2626: 2621: 2614: 2609: 2602: 2597: 2594: 2593:David Roberts 2587: 2582: 2579:, before 1804 2578: 2571: 2566: 2565: 2561: 2554: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2531: 2529: 2526:, Greeks and 2525: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2497: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2478:taphos symbol 2474: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2451: 2443: 2434: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2419: 2417: 2413: 2408: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2393: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2371: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2353: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2311:Entrance door 2309: 2300: 2298: 2289: 2277: 2273: 2270: 2266: 2263: 2259: 2258: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2216: 2215:Mary of Egypt 2212: 2208: 2205: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2180: 2179: 2178: 2176: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2141: 2137: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2125: 2124: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2098: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2079:The courtyard 2073: 2069: 2065: 2060: 2053: 2052:Félix Bonfils 2048: 2038: 2035: 2027: 2024:November 2016 2016: 2013: 2009: 2006: 2002: 1999: 1995: 1992: 1988: 1985: – 1984: 1980: 1979:Find sources: 1973: 1969: 1963: 1962: 1957:This section 1955: 1951: 1946: 1945: 1932: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1908: 1906: 1902: 1895:2020 pandemic 1892: 1889: 1884: 1883:escape tunnel 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1854: 1852: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1826: 1819: 1818:Tomb of Jesus 1815: 1810: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1790: 1786: 1781: 1779: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1752: 1746: 1745:Conrad Schick 1741: 1737: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1718: 1717:the structure 1713: 1711: 1707: 1706: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1692:Sublime Porte 1689: 1688: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1619:Third Crusade 1616: 1611: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1563: 1561: 1557: 1552: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1535: 1531: 1526: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1510: 1506: 1496: 1494: 1490: 1485: 1482: 1481: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1462: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1447:First Crusade 1444: 1443:Pope Urban II 1433: 1427: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1402: 1396: 1393: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1358: 1356: 1352: 1347: 1343: 1340: 1335: 1333: 1329: 1326: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1310: 1306: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1286:in May of 614 1281: 1277: 1267: 1265: 1261: 1256: 1250: 1245: 1238: 1234: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1212: 1206: 1202: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1188: AD 680 1181: 1180: 1168: 1159: 1145: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1097: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1086:rock-cut tomb 1082: 1081: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1056: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1017: 1015: 1005: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 970: 968: 964: 960: 956: 951: 949: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 903: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 861: 856: 854: 849: 847: 842: 841: 839: 838: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 787: 779: 778: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 750:Jerusalem Day 748: 746: 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Retrieved 8516:. New York: 8512: 8496: 8471:. Retrieved 8438: 8435:Liber Annuus 8434: 8401: 8397: 8378:. Retrieved 8358: 8338: 8328:14 September 8326:. Retrieved 8306: 8285: 8274:14 September 8272:. Retrieved 8252: 8225: 8202: 8185: 8171: 8165: 8153:. Retrieved 8144: 8135: 8123:. Retrieved 8082: 8078: 8068: 8049: 8016: 8011: 7998:19 September 7996:. Retrieved 7985: 7975: 7963:. Retrieved 7954: 7945: 7933:. Retrieved 7924: 7914: 7902:. Retrieved 7893: 7881: 7869:. Retrieved 7858: 7848: 7836:. Retrieved 7827: 7803:. Retrieved 7794: 7755: 7743:. Retrieved 7734: 7725: 7715:19 September 7713:. Retrieved 7705:The Guardian 7704: 7694: 7681:19 September 7679:. Retrieved 7668: 7659: 7649:19 September 7647:. Retrieved 7636: 7626: 7616:19 September 7614:. Retrieved 7605:The Guardian 7603: 7593: 7581:. Retrieved 7570: 7560: 7550:19 September 7548:. Retrieved 7528: 7521: 7513: 7508:19 September 7506:. Retrieved 7502:the original 7497: 7487: 7463:. ABC-CLIO. 7458: 7450: 7438:. 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Retrieved 4107: 4098: 4069: 4052:The word is 4048: 4039: 4030: 3991: 3967: 3954: 3945: 3928: 3860: 3765: 3750:Talpiot Tomb 3621: 3582: 3571: 3550: 3540: 3536: 3528: 3521: 3495: 3485: 3481: 3479: 3474: 3456: 3428: 3418: 3409: 3401: 3388: 3386: 3381: 3375: 3373: 3367: 3365: 3344: 3319: 3303: 3261: 3256: 3248: 3242: 3240: 3174:Saint Vartan 3166:wrought iron 3086: 3057:Via Dolorosa 3031: 3003: 2938: 2936: 2916: 2905: 2877: 2817: 2809: 2800: 2786: 2780: 2753: 2702: 2685: 2560: 2537:(formerly a 2532: 2521: 2498: 2475: 2456: 2420: 2409: 2405:13th Station 2401:Stabat Mater 2397:11th Station 2392:12th Station 2388: 2376: 2361: 2354: 2342: 2332:by way of a 2330:Via Dolorosa 2314: 2294: 2243: 2172: 2122: 2095: 2077: 2066:), with the 2030: 2021: 2011: 2004: 1997: 1990: 1978: 1966:Please help 1961:verification 1958: 1925:Crusader era 1914: 1898: 1860: 1851:Saint Vartan 1847: 1840:was struck. 1832: 1822: 1782: 1758: 1750: 1734: 1714: 1703: 1685: 1683: 1644: 1635:Khwarezmians 1612: 1564: 1553: 1538: 1513: 1502: 1486: 1463: 1453:invasion of 1440: 1406:Seljuk Turks 1401:Via Dolorosa 1397: 1371:Ali az-Zahir 1364: 1344:ordered the 1336: 1322: 1302: 1283: 1257: 1253: 1236: 1198: 1195: 1142: 1110:Christianity 1103: 1063: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1018: 1011: 971: 959:Via Dolorosa 952: 904: 896:Christianity 875: 871: 869: 800:Municipality 783:Other topics 765:Islamization 733:Christianity 639:Biblical Zoo 623: 609:Western Wall 588:Temple Mount 389:Early Muslim 208:Architect(s) 202:Architecture 123:Denomination 57:(big dome), 29: 11248:Orez Shu'it 11034:Mount Herzl 10932:Malha Arena 10906:Yad Kennedy 10881:Sacher Park 10810:Zion Square 10805:Yemin Moshe 10746:Zion Square 10503:Garden Tomb 10290:Ticho House 10275:Stern House 10250:Paulus-Haus 10168:Burnt House 10080:Lions' Gate 10060:Golden Gate 9658:Grand Mufti 9118:Franciscans 8796:Mount Herzl 8775:Sheikh Badr 8441:: 449–486. 8408:: 371–399. 7935:27 December 7871:27 February 7795:Arutz Sheva 7745:27 February 6837:24 February 6372:Caliph Omar 6185:21 November 5467:Pringle, D. 5451:17 November 5182:20 February 5107:12 December 5071:Morris 2005 4997:18 December 4881:: 313–325. 4712:29 November 4680:29 November 4612:St. Ambrose 4522:29 November 4491:27 November 4061:Kουβούκλιον 4055:Kouvouklion 4008:Morris 2005 3980: [ 3842:כנסיית הקבר 3680: [ 3624:Christendom 3593: [ 3586:holy places 3562:Charlemagne 3368:tax dispute 3347:Palm Sunday 3335:Coptic monk 3069:high priest 3045: [ 2888:wall mosaic 2820:iconostasis 2741:latticework 2577:Luigi Mayer 2238:Magna Carta 2222:ledgerstone 2106:Khwarezmids 2089:(west) and 1935:Description 1917:Cosmatesque 1905:Black Death 1825:Six Day War 1765:World War I 1583:Baldwin III 1560:scriptorium 1288:, when the 1207:called the 931:Constantine 927:resurrected 760:Judaization 692:Grand Mufti 687:Chief Rabbi 505:Anno Domini 191:Consecrated 95: / 11294:Categories 11128:Malha Mall 11012:Cemeteries 10937:Pais Arena 10891:Teddy Park 10826:Bible Hill 10736:Jaffa Road 10583:Broad Wall 10508:Gethsemane 10310:Yad Vashem 10070:Jaffa Gate 9623:Jaffa Road 9618:Highway 60 9607:Al-Mawazin 9418:Protestant 9395:Archbishop 9071:See also: 9039:Status Quo 9017:since 1981 8611:Custodians 8063:, Bologna. 7608:. London. 7440:3 February 7158:28 October 7128:24 October 6296:5 December 6043:Al-Monitor 5863:1 November 5762:28 October 5707:30 October 5241:Gold, Dore 5073:, p. 5049:9 November 4972:. Oxford: 4913:11 October 4698:(c. 439). 4421:Bloomsbury 4085:References 4058:in Greek ( 3482:Triportico 3284:Franciscan 3249:status quo 3244:status quo 3231:Status Quo 3210:Status Quo 3205:was found. 3203:True Cross 3146:See also: 3089:ambulatory 3075:Ambulatory 3014:catholicon 2921:Chapel of 2812:Diodoros I 2799:where the 2788:catholicon 2772:catholicon 2762:Catholicon 2705:Status Quo 2703:Under the 2543:ambulatory 2501:catholicon 2384:catholicon 2380:ambulatory 2297:bell tower 2283:Bell tower 2254:chrismated 2250:baptistery 2159:Ethiopians 1994:newspapers 1794:Protestant 1710:Status Quo 1690:from the " 1659:Franciscan 1655:Franciscan 1591:Baldwin IV 1575:Baldwin II 1545:bell tower 1541:Romanesque 1466:pilgrimage 1455:Asia Minor 1437:Background 1430:See also: 1294:Khosrau II 1274:See also: 1237:Triportico 1230:colonnaded 1218:the great 1130:True Cross 1064:After the 1053:See also: 1004:churches. 974:Status Quo 614:Synagogues 383:325–638 CE 373:130–325 CE 273:Number of 227:Romanesque 180:Founder(s) 83:35°13′47″E 80:31°46′42″N 59:catholicon 51:bell tower 11164:Holy Fire 10726:Ein Kerem 10655:The Cardo 10615:Ein Lavan 10090:Zion Gate 10055:Dung Gate 10023:Landmarks 9789:Ashkenazi 9785:Sephardic 9507:Christian 9343:Patriarch 9304:Patriarch 9233:Patriarch 9099:Patriarch 8996:Jerusalem 8463:258666985 8455:0081-8933 8422:144211027 8380:30 August 8209:. 2016 . 8115:191752841 8099:0016-920X 7670:The Times 7067:0896-8039 6623:with gems 5508:Luke 1924 4895:0070-7546 4596:From the 4399:170536292 4339:163764077 4090:Citations 3914:romanized 3894:romanized 3874:romanized 3847:romanized 3827:romanized 3807:romanized 3779:romanized 3568:Influence 3502:Aphrodite 3498:Dan Bahat 2985:scourging 2749:Georgians 2733:Holy Fire 2725:Holy Mass 2467:Dominican 2117:metochion 1838:limestone 1700:Holy Week 1647:Nestorian 1637:in 1244. 1627:interdict 1595:Baldwin V 1571:Baldwin I 1528:Crusader 1493:Georgians 1392:patriarch 1325:Patriarch 1298:Heraclius 1264:Bethlehem 1225:Martyrium 1211:Anastasis 1134:crucified 943:Crusaders 911:crucified 888:Jerusalem 820:Transport 815:City Line 442:Jordanian 433:1917–1948 423:1517–1917 413:1187–1517 403:1099–1187 379:Byzantine 308:Jerusalem 285:Materials 252:Completed 63:ambulator 10790:Muristan 10085:New Gate 9834:Orthodox 9591:Damascus 9532:Armenian 9516:Muristan 9458:Lutheran 9329:Orthodox 9327:Oriental 9290:Orthodox 9085:Catholic 8998:and its 8992:Old City 8651:Archived 8638:Archived 8560:Archived 8538:16 April 8532:Archived 8485:(1911). 8467:Archived 8374:Archived 8322:Archived 8268:Archived 8155:19 April 8149:Archived 8125:18 April 8119:Archived 8057:Archived 8042:Anatolia 8021:Archived 7992:Archived 7959:Archived 7929:Archived 7898:Archived 7865:Archived 7832:Archived 7799:Archived 7764:Archived 7739:Archived 7709:Archived 7675:Archived 7643:Archived 7610:Archived 7577:Archived 7544:Archived 7479:80014324 7434:Archived 7409:Archived 7385:Archived 7367:(2009). 7339:Holyland 7313:Archived 7284:Archived 7260:Archived 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