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36:
366:
833:
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1978:
378:
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871:. This provided a counterpoise to the persistent hostility of Charles V, who was determined to support the hereditary claims of his nieces, the daughters of Christian II, to the Scandinavian kingdoms. War was declared against Charles V in 1542, and, though the German Protestant princes proved faithless allies, the closing of the
717:
A mutual confidence between a king who had conquered his kingdom and a people who had stood in arms against him was not attainable immediately. The circumstances under which
Christian III ascended the throne exposed Denmark to the danger of foreign domination. It was with the help of the gentry of
929:
to each of the three brothers, while other general revenues, such as taxes from towns and customs dues, were levied together but then shared among the brothers. The estates, whose revenues were assigned to the parties, made
Holstein and Schleswig look like patchworks, technically inhibiting the
702:
until July 1536 when they surrendered after several months of siege by
Christian III's forces. With their capitulation, Christian III was firmly placed upon Denmark's throne, and the Roman Catholic forces in Denmark were subdued.
569:
in order to restore
Christian II to the Danish throne. Christian II had supported both the Roman Catholics and Protestant Reformers at various times. In opposition to Christian III, Count Christopher was proclaimed regent at the
651:
and suffered a terrible defeat at the hands of the peasants. Realizing his hold on the throne was in imminent danger, Christian III negotiated a deal with the Hansa States which allowed him to send his trusted advisor
781:). Vast tracts of land were handed out to the king's supporters, the royal land was rapidly expanded from one-sixth of the national land before the religious reform to 60% after the religious reform.
777:(1485–1558), which outlined church organization, liturgy, and accepted religious practice. Monasteries, nunneries, and priories, were closed and the property taken by the crown (see
739:. Christian III ordered the arrest of three of the bishops on the State Council by his German mercenaries (12 August 1536). Some Catholic bishops were later executed on his orders.
1053:
859:
and other kinsmen of the imprisoned
Christian II convinced him of the necessity to lessen the discontent in the land by relying on Danish magnates and nobles. At the High Court (
732:
of provisions stipulating that only native-born Danes should fill the highest dignities of the state, the king's German counsellors continued paramount during his early reign.
1453:
1430:
660:. In December, Rantzau's forces breached the walls and stormed the city. Clement managed to escape, but was apprehended a few days later. He was tried and beheaded in 1535.
746:
was enormous and confiscating the Church lands (farmed by peasants who had been free from vassalage duties to the nobles) enabled him to pay down the debt to his creditors.
1133:
875:
against Dutch shipping proved such an effective weapon in
Christian's hand that the Netherlands compelled Charles V to make peace with Denmark-Norway at the diet of
1648:, Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen (ed.) on behalf of the Gesellschaft für Schleswig-Holsteinische Geschichte, Neumünster: Wachholtz, 2008, pp. 73-109, here pp. 87seq.
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728:
and the German counsellors, both of whom sought to rule through the king. Though the Danish party won a victory at the outset, by obtaining the insertion in the
1665:
449:
which
Frederick I had made as a primary residence. In 1514, when he was just ten years old, Christian's mother died. Four years later, his father remarried to
1092:
722:
and German noblemen had led his armies and directed his diplomacy. The first six years of
Christian III's reign were marked by a contest between the Danish
295:
2030:
647:(c. 1484–1536) began an uprising in northern Jutland, pillaging the holdings of Lutheran nobles. An army of nobles and their vassals assembled at
3823:
1635:, comprising ecclesiastical and secular power, however lacking secular power Bishop of Schleswig with the pertaining revenues from episcopal estates.
2115:
1993:
1082:
1768:
1247:
534:, despite the opposition of the bishops. He made the Lutheran Church the State Church of Schleswig-Holstein, with the Church Ordinance of 1528.
412:
291:
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2297:
2258:
2238:
888:
887:
Until this peace, Christian III also ruled the entire
Duchies of Holstein and of Schleswig in the name of his then still minor half-brothers
863:) of Copenhagen in 1542, the nobility of Denmark voted Christian a twentieth part of all their property to pay off his heavy debt to German
1644:
Cf. Carsten
Porskrog Rasmussen, "Die dänischen Könige als Herzöge von Schleswig und Holstein", Frauke Witte and Marion Hartwig (trls.), in:
2933:
1292:
778:
986:, between 1549 and 1557. In February 1555, he interceded successfully on the behalf of the English Bible translator and Bishop of Exeter,
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735:
The triumph of Christian III would eventually bring about an end to Catholic Christianity in Denmark, but Catholics still controlled the
2002:
1336:
754:
712:
565:, in 1534. The Rigsraad, dominated by Roman Catholic bishops and nobles, refused to accept Duke Christian as king and turned to Count
490:
2220:
1798:
3803:
3808:
925:
of the duchies, the revenues of the duchies were divided into three equal shares by assigning the revenues of particular areas and
907:
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from 1537 until his death in 1559. During his reign, Christian formed close ties between the church and the crown. He established
3848:
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1727:
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north with an army of Protestant German mercenaries. Clement and his army fled north, taking refuge inside the walls of
2042:
1070:
502:(1492–1565), were both zealous reformers who had an influence on the young Prince. At their urging, while traveling in
3788:
3551:
2290:
2100:
2075:
2056:
2019:
2953:
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1049:
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and defeated Count Christopher's army at Øksnebjerg on Funen in June 1535. Count Christopher's forces held out in
3813:
3410:
2263:
2247:
1060:
899:
648:
616:
2025:
2535:
1848:
1632:
1607:
827:
461:. The young Prince Christian's first public service after his father became king was gaining the submission of
20:
1743:
1549:
903:
856:
527:
446:
200:
55:
3838:
3544:
2655:
2283:
867:. The pivot of the foreign policy of Christian III was his alliance with the German Protestant princes and
495:
Christian's earliest teacher, Wolfgang von Utenhof (ca. 1495–1542) and his Lutheran tutor, the military
3828:
2919:
2112:
1064:
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2942:
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1776:
1041:
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554:
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for help in subduing the rebels. Gustav immediately obliged by sending two armies to ravage central
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2209:
2183:
1018:
971:
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821:
458:
454:
283:
180:
142:
99:
50:
769:). This occurred officially on 30 October 1536 when the reconstituted State Council adopted the
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89:
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The foreign policy of Christian's later days aimed at preserving the peace established by the
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3249:
2713:
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922:
79:
1523:
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8:
3109:
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2439:
2012:
The Scandinavian Reformation. From evangelical movement to institutionalisation of reform
959:
813:
774:
450:
438:
327:
801:
3758:
3614:
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2506:
2501:
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2424:
2137:
1989:
1700:
1021:
commissioned Dutch artists to erect a memorial to Christian III at Roskilde Cathedral.
1002:
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428:
307:
233:
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1721:
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2015:
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921:) and Schleswig (a Danish fief). Following negotiations between the brothers and the
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274:
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149:
1119:
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Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg
946:
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1362:
1045:
872:
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663:
With Jutland more or less secure, Christian next focused on gaining control of
591:
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416:
196:
990:(1488–1569), who had been imprisoned for two and a half years by the Catholic
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1997:
1984:
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1134:
Stortinget.no (Norwegian parliament) – Endringer i Grunnloven og kirkeloven
357:
35:
844:
526:), but also with his cautious and temporizing father. At his own court at
514:
speak. Luther's arguments intrigued him. The Prince made no secret of his
365:
2847:
1826:
832:
758:
684:
466:
408:
41:
1898:
1079:(1540–1583), became Duke of Holstein, and later titular King of Livonia.
687:
Castle, which surrendered in January 1535 and was burned to the ground.
3483:
3445:
2857:
2444:
2369:
2006:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 276.
1948:
1923:
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998:
848:
789:
724:
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462:
217:
72:
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1578:
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views. His outspokenness brought him into conflict, not only with the
481:
in 1529, Christian III displayed considerable administrative ability.
385:
3609:
3584:
3210:
3190:
3178:
3146:
3124:
2911:
982:, converting it from a fortress into a four-winged castle in the new
917:
In 1544 the elder three brothers partitioned Holstein (a fief of the
864:
851:
reproduction of a lost painting made during the Swedish King's reign)
474:
2070:] (in Danish). Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag. pp. 114–119.
3599:
3493:
3450:
3200:
719:
571:
515:
470:
392:
minted under Christian III in 1537. His coat of arms on the reverse
377:
337:
2049:
Denmark, 1513–1660. The rise and decline of a Renaissance monarchy
1983:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
695:
3714:
1157:
1089:; 1545–1622), Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg as 'John II'.
729:
676:
657:
640:
632:
562:
558:
503:
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302:
221:
1873:
1024:
Christian III received an honorary stone at the Walk of Fame at
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876:
680:
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404:
1224:
994:. Coverdale was then released and allowed to leave England.
691:
636:
602:) from 1534 to 1536, between Protestant and Catholic forces.
1501:
1180:
1056:. Christian and Dorothea were the parents of five children:
3044:
2363:
1799:"Walk of Fame minnesstenarna på Järnvägsgatan i Lndskrona"
942:
Gothic pantheon at tombs of Christian III and Frederick II
718:
the Germanic duchies that Christian had captured Denmark.
706:
399:(12 August 1503 – 1 January 1559) reigned as King of
411:
as the state religion within his realms as part of the
1273:. Dansk Biografisk Leksikon, 3. udg., Gyldendal 1979–84
679:. The peasants suffered a bloody defeat at Loshult in
639:. Christian III found his support among the nobles of
1949:"Dorothea, Hertuginde af Brunsvig-Lyneborg, 1546–1617"
882:
792:
with Denmark that would last until 1814. He also made
594:. This resulted in a two-year civil war, known as the
465:, which stood firm for the fugitive, Christian II. As
1073:(1534–1588), succeeded as King of Denmark and Norway.
1005:
in a funerary monument designed by Flemish sculptor
19:"Christian III" redirects here. For other uses, see
1924:"Hans (den yngre), Hertug af Sønderborg, 1545–1622"
1406:
1388:. Geografiskt-statistiskt handlexikon öfver Sverige
1250:. Den Store Danske, Gyldendal. Hentet 19. juni 2018
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1383:
950:Ahnentafel of King Christian III at Nyborg Castle
553:After his father's death, in 1533, Christian was
542:
433:Christian was the eldest son of the future king,
3780:
800:in Norway, and on 2 September 1537 he appointed
1686:Otto Norn, Jørgen Paulsen and Jørgen Slettebo,
1195:
3844:Converts to Lutheranism from Roman Catholicism
1631:In 1551 Frederick became administrator of the
1605:
962:of 1546, and mediated between the Emperor and
453:(1498–1568). In 1523, Frederick I was elected
369:King Christian III on Norwegian silver coin (
361:Painting depicting Christian III at Glücksborg
292:John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg
3552:
2927:
2291:
1723:Christian 3. King of Denmark · Norway 1534–59
997:Christian III died on New Year's Day 1559 at
667:. He appealed to the Protestant Swedish king
2322:
1451:
855:The dangers threatening Christian III from
788:in Norway made it a hereditary kingdom in a
779:Chronicle of the Expulsion of the Grayfriars
1499:
1268:
974:in 1553. In 1549, he began the building of
605:
3559:
3545:
2934:
2920:
2298:
2284:
713:Reformation in Denmark-Norway and Holstein
491:Reformation in Denmark-Norway and Holstein
34:
3824:People from Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein
3477:
2062:Scocozza, Benito (1997). "Christian 3.".
902:. They determined their youngest brother
3424:
3391:
3308:
3243:
2877:indicates Danish monarchs who were also
2663:
2632:
2601:
2572:
2432:
2401:
2061:
1587:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Norsk nettleksikon
1245:
1155:
945:
937:
831:
506:in 1521, he made himself present at the
384:
376:
364:
356:
284:Frederick II, King of Denmark and Norway
3566:
2974:
2305:
1222:
1178:
707:After the war and coup d'état in Norway
296:Dorothea, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg
3781:
2941:
2068:Politiken's book about Danish monarchs
910:of an ecclesiastical state within the
3540:
2915:
2279:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
2027:Christian d. 3. og kirken, 1537–1559
1988:
1688:Sønderborg Slot. Historie og bygning
1210:
631:, and the small farmers of northern
2014:(2 ed. Cambridge University Press)
1899:"Magnus, Konge af Lifland, 1540–83"
1097:William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
1054:Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
958:. He refused to participate in the
930:emergence of separate new duchies.
883:Partition of Holstein and Schleswig
530:, he did his best to introduce the
13:
3869:Children of Frederick I of Denmark
2085:
1550:"2017 – et kirkehistorisk merkeår"
1365:. Salmonsens konversationsleksikon
1138:
1101:George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
484:
14:
3880:
2106:
2064:Politikens bog om danske monarker
1573:
16:King of Denmark from 1534 to 1559
3804:16th-century monarchs of Denmark
2383:
1976:
1725:(Danish Kings and Their History)
1339:. boisestate.edu. Archived from
1337:"The Reformation in Scandinavia"
1050:Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
818:First Treaty of Brömsebro (1541)
753:policies led Denmark toward the
537:
347:
3809:16th-century Norwegian monarchs
2047:Lockhart, Paul Douglas (2007)
2037:(Copenhagen: Akademisk forlag)
2024:Lausten, Martin Schwarz (1987)
1941:
1916:
1891:
1866:
1841:
1819:
1791:
1761:
1736:
1715:
1693:
1680:
1658:
1638:
1625:
1599:
1567:
1542:
1516:
1493:
1471:
1445:
1423:
1400:
1377:
1355:
1329:
1307:
839:: Christian III's meeting with
773:designed by German theologian
263:
3819:Leaders who took power by coup
1633:Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim
1285:
1262:
1239:
1216:
1172:
1127:
1113:
933:
828:Treaty of Fontainebleau (1541)
807:
804:as its first Lutheran bishop.
543:Early reign as King of Denmark
21:Christian III (disambiguation)
1:
3854:Burials at Roskilde Cathedral
2323:
1701:"Miles Coverdale (1488–1569)"
1107:
557:of Denmark at an assembly in
1744:"Cornelis Floris(1514–1575)"
1554:Den norske kirke, Kirkerådet
1012:
457:in the place of his nephew,
422:
415:, and was the first King of
67:4 July 1534 – 1 January 1559
7:
1612:Den Store Danske, Gyldendal
1458:Den Store Danske, Gyldendal
1160:. Norsk biografisk leksikon
1065:Augustus, Elector of Saxony
1035:
683:. The Swedes moved against
619:had the support of most of
477:in 1526, and as viceroy of
10:
3885:
3859:People of the Count's Feud
3849:People from Denmark–Norway
2672:Christopher III of Bavaria
2498:Valdemar II the Victorious
2051:(Oxford University Press)
1969:
1690:, G.E.C. Gad forlag, 1963.
1363:"Skipper Clement, d. 1536"
1042:Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
1007:Cornelis Floris de Vriendt
825:
811:
710:
690:Rantzau moved his army to
643:. In 1534, peasants under
609:
546:
488:
426:
252:Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
124:12 August 1537, Copenhagen
18:
3757:
3713:
3574:
3505:
3462:
3409:
3376:
3293:
3228:
2952:
2870:
2819:
2694:
2685:
2654:
2623:
2594:
2563:
2423:
2392:
2381:
2313:
2255:
2214:
2201:
2190:
2180:
2171:
2163:
2158:
2131:
2010:Grell, Ole Peter (1995)
1878:Norsk biografisk leksikon
1407:Karsten Kjer Michaelsen.
837:First Treaty of Brömsebro
742:Christian's debt for the
549:Election of Christian III
522:dominated State Council (
343:
333:
323:
313:
301:
280:Anna, Electress of Saxony
273:
245:
228:
207:
190:
186:
176:
166:
162:1533 – 10 April 1559
158:
148:
138:
128:
120:
112:
105:
95:
85:
71:
63:
49:
33:
28:
3789:Christian III of Denmark
3768:Kristján X (Christian X)
3191:Magnus VI the Law-mender
1953:Dansk biografisk Lexikon
1928:Dansk biografisk Lexikon
1903:Dansk biografisk Lexikon
1769:"Kongegravenes historie"
1095:(1546–1617), married to
1063:(1532–1585), married to
606:Civil War (Count's Feud)
567:Christopher of Oldenburg
288:Magnus, Duke of Holstein
3464:III. Independent Norway
3147:Haakon II Broadshoulder
2095:(Universitetsforlaget)
2093:Danmark-Norge 1380–1814
2003:Encyclopædia Britannica
1668:. landskronahistoria.se
1528:reformation500.csl.edu/
1504:. Store norske leksikon
1384:Carl Martin Rosenberg.
1227:. Store norske leksikon
1183:. Store norske leksikon
1071:Frederick II of Denmark
972:Battle of Sievershausen
956:Treaty of Speyer (1544)
908:Diocesan administrator
822:Treaty of Speyer (1544)
203:, Denmark (now Germany)
3814:16th-century Lutherans
3378:II. Independent Norway
2122:at the website of the
1827:"Dorothea (1511–1571)"
1703:. Nash Ford Publishing
1248:"Wolfgang von Utenhof"
1048:. She was daughter of
1044:on 29 October 1525 at
1001:, and was interred in
951:
943:
852:
763:Danish National Church
586:) on St Liber's Hill (
532:Protestant Reformation
435:Frederick I of Denmark
413:Protestant Reformation
403:from 1534 and King of
393:
382:
374:
362:
318:Frederick I of Denmark
3715:Possession of Denmark
3162:Haakon III Sverresson
3135:Eystein II Haraldsson
3110:Sigurd I the Crusader
2959:Foreign and non-royal
2954:I. Independent Norway
2641:Eric VII of Pomerania
2470:Eric II the Memorable
1666:"Landskrona citadell"
1584:Store norske leksikon
1524:"Johannes Bugenhagen"
1481:. thereformation.info
1343:on September 17, 2016
1032:inaugurated in 2013.
949:
941:
835:
812:Further information:
784:In 1537, Christian's
489:Further information:
427:Further information:
388:
381:Seal of Christian III
380:
368:
360:
3576:Possession of Norway
3179:Haakon IV Haakonsson
3080:Magnus II Haraldsson
2967:monarchs in brackets
2551:Valdemar IV Atterdag
2488:Valdemar I the Great
2091:Øystein Rian (1997)
1853:Sächsische Biografie
1606:Jens Ulf Jørgensen.
1479:"Denmark and Norway"
923:Estates of the Realm
561:, a town in eastern
80:Copenhagen Cathedral
3839:Protestant monarchs
3568:Monarchs of Iceland
3398:Christian Frederick
3211:Haakon VI Magnusson
3206:Magnus VII Ericsson
3152:Magnus V Erlingsson
3120:Magnus IV the Blind
3105:Eystein I Magnusson
3095:Magnus III Barefoot
3075:Harald III Hardrada
2997:Harald II Greycloak
2656:Palatinate-Neumarkt
2536:Eric Christoffersen
2450:Canute IV the Saint
2307:Monarchs of Denmark
1990:Bain, Robert Nisbet
1849:"Anna von Dänemark"
1093:Dorothea of Denmark
814:Schmalkaldic League
775:Johannes Bugenhagen
771:Lutheran Ordinances
451:Sophie of Pomerania
439:Anna of Brandenburg
328:Anna of Brandenburg
171:Frederik of Denmark
3829:Dukes of Schleswig
3759:Kingdom of Iceland
3216:Olaf IV Haakonsson
3201:Haakon V Magnusson
3168:Guttorm Sigurdsson
3090:Haakon Toresfostre
2900:monarch of Iceland
2886:monarch of England
2879:monarchs of Norway
2507:Eric IV Plough-tax
2502:Valdemar the Young
2440:Sweyn II Estridsen
2345:Harald I Bluetooth
2138:House of Oldenburg
2118:2015-03-14 at the
2033:2017-01-05 at the
1779:on August 15, 2019
1730:2010-07-29 at the
1579:"Gjeble Pederssøn"
1452:Jesper Thomassen.
1433:. Den Store Danske
1317:. Learning4sharing
1315:"Sankt Libers hög"
1295:. Den Store Danske
1040:Christian married
1003:Roskilde Cathedral
978:. He also rebuilt
976:Landskrona Citadel
966:after the fall of
952:
944:
879:, on 23 May 1544.
853:
841:Gustav I of Sweden
469:of the Duchies of
441:. He was born at
429:House of Oldenburg
394:
383:
375:
363:
234:Roskilde Cathedral
3834:Dukes of Holstein
3776:
3775:
3534:
3533:
3501:
3500:
3458:
3457:
3411:Union with Sweden
3405:
3404:
3372:
3371:
3289:
3288:
3224:
3223:
3196:Eric II Magnusson
3157:Sverre Sigurdsson
3141:Magnus Haraldsson
3130:Inge I Haraldsson
3070:Magnus I the Good
3039:Olaf II the Saint
3027:Eiríkr Hákonarson
3015:Olaf I Tryggvason
3009:Haakon Sigurdsson
2992:Haakon I the Good
2982:Harald I Fairhair
2968:
2909:
2908:
2893:monarch of Sweden
2866:
2865:
2681:
2680:
2650:
2649:
2619:
2618:
2590:
2589:
2559:
2558:
2419:
2418:
2379:
2378:
2274:
2273:
2256:Succeeded by
2181:Succeeded by
2113:The Royal Lineage
1773:Roskilde Domkirke
1654:978-3-529-02606-5
1575:Godal, Anne Marit
1500:Hallgeir Elstad.
1269:K. C. Rockstroh.
1077:Magnus of Denmark
980:Sønderborg Castle
968:Maurice of Saxony
919:Holy Roman Empire
912:Holy Roman Empire
857:Emperor Charles V
617:Count Christopher
355:
354:
150:Duke of Schleswig
3876:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3538:
3537:
3475:
3474:
3436:Charles III John
3422:
3421:
3389:
3388:
3306:
3305:
3241:
3240:
3185:Haakon the Young
3174:Inge II Bårdsson
3033:Sweyn Haakonsson
3003:Harald Bluetooth
2972:
2971:
2958:
2936:
2929:
2922:
2913:
2912:
2692:
2691:
2661:
2660:
2630:
2629:
2599:
2598:
2570:
2569:
2547:
2480:Sweyn III Grathe
2430:
2429:
2399:
2398:
2387:
2325:
2320:
2319:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2277:
2276:
2217:Duke of Holstein
2202:Preceded by
2164:Preceded by
2154:
2147:
2129:
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2081:
2007:
1982:
1980:
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1961:
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1789:
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1786:
1784:
1775:. Archived from
1765:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1748:Oxford Reference
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1190:
1188:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1153:
1136:
1131:
1125:
1117:
1046:Lauenburg Castle
984:Renaissance syle
960:Schmalkaldic War
906:for a career as
802:Gjeble Pederssøn
737:Council of State
629:Hanseatic League
588:Sankt Libers hög
390:Danish rigsdaler
351:
267:
265:
214:
38:
26:
25:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3875:
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3779:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3753:
3709:
3570:
3565:
3535:
3530:
3526:Swedish monarch
3520:English monarch
3497:
3473:
3454:
3420:
3401:
3387:
3368:
3304:
3285:
3239:
3220:
3115:Harald IV Gille
3051:Haakon Ericsson
3021:Sweyn Forkbeard
2987:Eric I Bloodaxe
2966:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2948:
2940:
2910:
2905:
2862:
2825:
2815:
2698:
2677:
2646:
2615:
2586:
2555:
2545:
2522:Eric V Klipping
2460:Eric I Evergood
2415:
2410:Magnus the Good
2388:
2375:
2309:
2304:
2270:
2262:
2245:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2212:
2207:
2196:
2186:
2177:
2174:King of Denmark
2169:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2134:
2124:Danish Monarchy
2120:Wayback Machine
2109:
2088:
2086:Related reading
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2035:Wayback Machine
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1530:. 14 April 2014
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1293:"Grevens Fejde"
1291:
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1286:
1276:
1274:
1271:"Johan Rantzau"
1267:
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1128:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1099:and mother of
1083:Hans of Denmark
1061:Anna of Denmark
1038:
1030:Carl XVI Gustaf
1028:which Sweden's
1015:
988:Miles Coverdale
936:
885:
830:
824:
810:
715:
709:
645:Skipper Clement
614:
608:
555:proclaimed king
551:
545:
540:
493:
487:
485:Religious views
455:King of Denmark
431:
425:
294:
290:
286:
282:
269:
266: 1525)
261:
257:
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241:
216:
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195:
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51:King of Denmark
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12:
11:
5:
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3762:
3755:
3754:
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3751:
3746:
3744:Frederick VIII
3741:
3736:
3731:
3729:Christian VIII
3726:
3720:
3718:
3711:
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3708:
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3522:
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3514:Danish monarch
3510:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3498:
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3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3310:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3295:Denmark–Norway
3291:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3245:
3238:
3237:
3234:
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3188:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3125:Sigurd II Munn
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3100:Olav Magnusson
3097:
3092:
3087:
3085:Olaf III Kyrre
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3057:Sweyn Knutsson
3041:
3036:
3017:
3012:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
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2969:
2950:
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2882:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2838:Frederick VIII
2835:
2829:
2827:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2805:Christian VIII
2801:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2759:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2702:
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2561:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2532:Christopher II
2529:
2527:Eric VI Menved
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2495:
2490:
2477:
2472:
2467:
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2457:
2452:
2447:
2445:Harald III Hen
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2403:
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2372:(Harthacanute)
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2259:John the Elder
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2193:King of Norway
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2161:
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2159:Regnal titles
2156:
2155:
2153:1 January 1559
2146:12 August 1503
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2108:
2107:External links
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2043:978-8750026877
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1994:Christian III.
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1411:. kulturarv.dk
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798:state religion
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610:Main article:
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592:Lund Cathedral
578:), and at the
547:Main article:
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500:Johann Rantzau
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3700:Christian VII
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2811:Frederick VII
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2130:
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2101:9788200228455
2098:
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2017:
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1985:public domain
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1242:
1226:
1225:"Christian 3"
1223:Erik Opsahl.
1219:
1212:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1182:
1179:Erik Opsahl.
1175:
1159:
1158:"Christian 3"
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
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1124:
1123:(Dansk Konge)
1122:
1116:
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1009:(1514–1575).
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600:Grevens Fejde
597:
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391:
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367:
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52:
48:
43:
37:
32:
29:Christian III
27:
22:
3739:Christian IX
3724:Frederick VI
3705:Frederick VI
3690:Christian VI
3685:Frederick IV
3670:Christian IV
3665:Frederick II
3659:
3650:Christian II
3365:Frederick VI
3350:Christian VI
3345:Frederick IV
3330:Christian IV
3325:Frederick II
3319:
3282:Christian II
3264:
3230:Kalmar Union
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3007:
3001:
2962:
2874:
2853:Margrethe II
2833:Christian IX
2820:
2803:
2798:Frederick VI
2796:
2789:
2782:
2777:Christian VI
2775:
2770:Frederick IV
2768:
2761:
2754:
2749:Christian IV
2747:
2742:Frederick II
2740:
2734:
2733:
2726:
2721:Christian II
2719:
2712:
2705:
2695:
2670:
2639:
2608:
2579:
2541:Valdemar III
2408:
2362:
2350:
2343:
2339:Gorm the Old
2335:(Harthacnut)
2268:Frederick II
2251:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2215:
2210:Christian II
2191:
2184:Frederick II
2172:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2092:
2067:
2063:
2048:
2026:
2011:
2001:
1956:. Retrieved
1952:
1943:
1931:. Retrieved
1927:
1918:
1906:. Retrieved
1902:
1893:
1881:. Retrieved
1877:
1874:"Frederik 2"
1868:
1856:. Retrieved
1852:
1843:
1831:. Retrieved
1821:
1809:. Retrieved
1805:
1793:
1781:. Retrieved
1777:the original
1772:
1763:
1751:. Retrieved
1747:
1738:
1722:
1717:
1705:. Retrieved
1695:
1687:
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1660:
1645:
1640:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1611:
1601:
1589:. Retrieved
1582:
1569:
1558:. Retrieved
1556:. 2017-12-30
1553:
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1527:
1518:
1506:. Retrieved
1502:"folkekirke"
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1457:
1454:"Øksnebjerg"
1447:
1435:. Retrieved
1431:"Øksnebjerg"
1425:
1413:. Retrieved
1409:"Øksnebjerg"
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1379:
1367:. Retrieved
1357:
1345:. Retrieved
1341:the original
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1309:
1297:. Retrieved
1287:
1275:. Retrieved
1264:
1252:. Retrieved
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1218:
1187:September 1,
1185:. Retrieved
1181:"Frederik 1"
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1129:
1120:
1115:
1086:
1039:
1023:
1019:Frederick II
1016:
996:
953:
916:
895:
890:
886:
860:
854:
783:
766:
749:Christian's
748:
744:Count's Feud
741:
734:
723:
716:
689:
662:
615:
612:Count's Feud
599:
596:Count's Feud
587:
583:
575:
552:
523:
494:
459:Christian II
432:
396:
395:
370:
213:(1559-01-01)
181:Frederick II
143:Frederick II
100:Frederick II
40:Portrait by
3799:1559 deaths
3794:1503 births
3761:(1918–1944)
3749:Christian X
3717:(1814–1918)
3695:Frederick V
3680:Christian V
3655:Frederick I
3640:Christian I
3578:(1262–1814)
3355:Frederick V
3340:Christian V
3315:Frederick I
3272:Christian I
3260:Christopher
2943:Monarchs of
2848:Frederik IX
2843:Christian X
2784:Frederick V
2763:Christian V
2728:Frederick I
2707:Christian I
2610:Margrethe I
2546:Interregnum
2252:(1544-1559)
2243:(1544-1559)
2234:(1523-1533)
2230:Frederick I
2205:Frederick I
2167:Frederick I
1958:December 1,
1933:December 1,
1908:December 1,
1883:December 1,
1858:December 1,
1829:. kvinfo.dk
1811:December 1,
1783:December 1,
1753:December 1,
1617:December 1,
1534:December 1,
1463:December 1,
1121:Christian 3
1087:the Younger
934:Final years
865:mercenaries
808:Later reign
794:Lutheranism
786:coup d'état
759:Lutheranism
685:Helsingborg
669:Gustav Vasa
582:Assembly (
467:stadtholder
409:Lutheranism
373:) from 1546
167:Predecessor
133:Frederick I
129:Predecessor
90:Frederick I
86:Predecessor
42:Jakob Binck
3783:Categories
3620:Margaret I
3605:Magnus VII
3484:Haakon VII
3478:Since 1905
3446:Charles IV
3431:Charles II
2965:, disputed
2961:rulers in
2858:Frederik X
2826:since 1863
2822:Glücksburg
2370:Canute III
2326:916 – 1042
2197:1537–1559
2178:1534–1559
1833:August 15,
1608:"Herredag"
1560:2018-06-22
1485:August 15,
1347:August 15,
1299:August 15,
1231:August 15,
1164:August 15,
1108:References
1026:Landskrona
999:Koldinghus
849:watercolor
826:See also:
790:real union
767:Folkekirke
751:Protestant
725:Rigsraadet
700:Copenhagen
649:Svendstrup
574:Assembly (
463:Copenhagen
218:Koldinghus
121:Coronation
73:Coronation
3635:Charles I
3610:Haakon VI
3590:Magnus VI
3585:Haakon IV
3425:1814–1905
3392:Only 1814
3309:1524–1814
3266:Charles I
3244:1387–1523
2699:1448–1863
2687:Oldenburg
2664:1440–1448
2633:1397–1439
2625:Pomerania
2602:1376–1412
2595:Estridsen
2573:1376–1387
2493:Canute VI
2433:1047–1375
2425:Estridsen
2402:1042–1047
2364:Canute II
2358:Harald II
2315:Knýtlinga
2225:1523–1559
2221:Schleswig
1992:(1911). "
1386:"Loshult"
1211:Bain 1911
1017:In 1579,
1013:Memorials
904:Frederick
891:the Elder
845:Brömsebro
584:landsting
576:landsting
528:Schleswig
475:Schleswig
447:Schleswig
423:Childhood
344:Signature
308:Oldenburg
240:, Denmark
224:, Denmark
201:Schleswig
177:Successor
153:-Holstein
139:Successor
116:1537–1559
96:Successor
3625:Eric III
3600:Haakon V
3494:Harald V
3451:Oscar II
3255:Eric III
3250:Margaret
2975:872–1387
2484:Canute V
2394:Fairhair
2333:Сanute I
2116:Archived
2031:Archived
1728:Archived
1036:Children
861:Herredag
847:, 1541 (
720:Holstein
572:Ringsted
524:Rigsraad
516:Lutheran
510:to hear
471:Holstein
338:Lutheran
334:Religion
3615:Olaf IV
3595:Eric II
3441:Oscar I
3063:Ælfgifu
2963:italics
2875:Italics
2581:Olaf II
2352:Sweyn I
2000:(ed.).
1987::
1970:Sources
1707:June 1,
1672:June 1,
1591:26 July
1577:(ed.).
1508:June 1,
1437:June 1,
1415:June 1,
1392:June 1,
1369:June 1,
1321:June 1,
1277:June 1,
1254:June 1,
970:at the
761:as the
730:charter
677:Halland
658:Aalborg
641:Jutland
633:Jutland
621:Zealand
590:) near
563:Jutland
504:Germany
497:general
401:Denmark
268:
260:
256:
238:Zealand
222:Kolding
56:more...
3645:John I
3509:Regent
3489:Olav V
3054:&
3048:&
3030:&
3024:&
3006:&
2946:Norway
2565:Bjälbo
2149:
2099:
2074:
2055:
2041:
2018:
1996:". In
1981:
1652:
1085:(John
992:Mary I
964:Saxony
898:) and
877:Speyer
869:France
820:, and
681:Scania
673:Scania
665:Scania
627:, the
625:Scania
580:Scania
479:Norway
437:, and
405:Norway
324:Mother
314:Father
246:Spouse
229:Burial
44:, 1550
3524:Also
3518:Also
3512:Also
2898:Also
2891:Also
2884:Also
2465:Niels
2264:Adolf
2248:Adolf
2228:with
2151:Died:
2144:Born:
2066:[
1802:(PDF)
900:Adolf
889:John
873:Sound
696:Malmø
692:Funen
637:Funen
303:House
275:Issue
262:(
258:
159:Reign
113:Reign
64:Reign
3277:John
3045:Cnut
2714:John
2512:Abel
2266:and
2239:John
2219:and
2208:and
2097:ISBN
2072:ISBN
2053:ISBN
2039:ISBN
2016:ISBN
1960:2019
1935:2019
1910:2019
1885:2019
1860:2019
1835:2016
1813:2019
1785:2019
1755:2019
1709:2018
1674:2018
1650:ISBN
1619:2019
1593:2018
1536:2019
1510:2018
1487:2016
1465:2019
1439:2018
1417:2018
1394:2018
1371:2018
1349:2016
1323:2018
1301:2016
1279:2018
1256:2018
1233:2016
1189:2016
1166:2016
1052:and
796:the
698:and
675:and
635:and
473:and
208:Died
191:Born
843:in
757:of
559:Rye
445:in
3785::
2534:/
2500:/
2486:/
2482:/
2324:c.
1951:.
1926:.
1901:.
1876:.
1851:.
1804:.
1771:.
1746:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
