182:), which then causes loss of consciousness. These explanations, however, do not exclude each other but are 2 components explaining less blood flow to the brain: 1) constriction of carotid arteries leading blood towards the brain directly causing less blood flow to the brain 2) lower systemic blood pressure (thereby also decreasing blood flow to the brain through the vertebral arteries - these being the only alternative blood supply to the brain).
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298:'s study entitled "Syncope: A videometric analysis of 56 episodes of transient cerebral hypoxia" observed the effects of cerebral hypoxia on 42 test subjects who completely lost consciousness. Their syncope state lasted 12.1 seconds, plus or minus 4.4 seconds. Muscle jerks occurred in 90% of patients. The most common pattern of movement consisted of multifocal arrhythmic jerks (uncoordinated
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224:" and "air chokes". A blood choke disrupts blood circulation to the brain, while an air choke disrupts breathing. Blood chokes can be applied to efficiently cause loss of consciousness, i.e. a choke-out, while air chokes do not usually cause loss of consciousness without prolonged application (though air chokes are used to cause discomfort).
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An additional explanation is seen in the introduction and is caused by the baroreceptor reflex. This explains why fainting can also happen with just a very short application of force as this can cause systemic blood pressure to drop dramatically in some people thereby lowering the blood flow to the
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began in 1882, hundreds of thousands of chokes have been applied, and the probability of hundreds if not thousands of choke-outs, with no reported deaths due to chokes, the chances of asystole are slim. It might be true that no direct deaths have been reported as a result of chokes, but there are
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The long-term effects of a controlled choke-out for less than 4 minutes (as most are applied for mere seconds and released when unconsciousness is achieved) are disputed, but the 5 minute mark is largely considered unsafe. There is always risk of short-term memory loss, hemorrhage and harm to the
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of multiple muscle groups) in both proximal and distal muscles. Additional movements also occurred such as: righting movements (if the patient had slumped one way while falling asleep they woke up and immediately corrected, if not overcorrected), oral automatisms, and head turns. In most of the
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and a lowered heart rate. This causes a dramatic decrease in blood flow especially to regions above the heart (e.g. the brain) due the need of a high pressure to flow against gravity which in turn results in less blood flow to the brain
193:, wherein a person loses consciousness intentionally in order to experience a particular sensation. A choke-out should also not be confused with medical conditions that cause fainting without the application of a chokehold.
270:. This signal tells the heart to reduce volume of blood per heartbeat, typically up to one-third, in order to further relieve high pressure. There is a slight chance of the rate dropping to zero, or
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Mitchell, Jamie R.; Roach, Dan E.; Tyberg, John V.; Belenkie, Israel; Sheldon, Robert S. (2012). "Mechanism of loss of consciousness during vascular neck restraint".
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numerous reports of these chokes turning out to be strokes, leaving the subject with permanent brain damage or possibly more elaborate, long-term effects
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134:, or temporary loss of consciousness, at which point the choke is released. Common chokeholds in grappling used to accomplish a choke-out include the
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Lempert, T.; Bauer, M.; Schmidt, D. (1994). "Syncope: A videometric analysis of 56 episodes of transient cerebral hypoxia".
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Blood chokes constrain or disrupt blood circulation to the brain. This is accomplished by compressing one or both of the
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patients their eyes remained open. Sixty percent of the patients reported having visual and auditory hallucinations.
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Some argue that when pressure is applied to the carotid artery, the baroreceptors send a signal to the brain via the
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retina, concussions from falling when unconscious, stroke, seizures, permanent brain damage, coma, and even death.
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through constriction of the carotid arteries. An additional mechanism involves compression of the
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Urkin, Jacob; Merrick, Joav (2006). "The choking game or suffocation roulette in adolescence".
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Unconsciousness results mainly from the direct constraint of blood flow to the brain, causing
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The mechanism can be explained as resulting from directly constraining blood flow to the
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395:"How Do Rear Naked Chokes Work? University of Calgary Study Explains"
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Davos, Constantinos; Davies, Lewis Ceri; Piepoli, Massimo (2002).
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Some argue that with thousands of tournaments since the sport of
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Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health
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Neumann-Potash, L. (Fall 2006). "The choking game".
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525:"The Medical Realities Of Breath Control Play"
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220:can be divided into two primary categories: "
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504:from the original on 16 June 2021
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169:has risen. Due to the
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523:Wiseman, Jay (1997).
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497:: 143–155.
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55:"Choke-out"
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643:Categories
431:(3): 10–3.
307:References
218:Chokeholds
171:baroreflex
148:guillotine
146:, and the
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197:Mechanics
130:to cause
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120:choke-out
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508:23 March
499:Archived
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276:asystole
272:flatline
266:via the
262:and the
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290:Effects
250:Dangers
189:or the
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510:2022
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