20:
1028:
1464:
1450:
1507:
1671:
1657:
1643:
1614:
1600:
1557:
1550:
1521:
1500:
1486:
1400:
673:
666:
659:
652:
645:
638:
631:
624:
609:
602:
595:
588:
581:
574:
567:
560:
289:
282:
275:
268:
261:
254:
247:
240:
225:
218:
211:
204:
197:
190:
183:
176:
716:
685:
164:
133:
1664:
1650:
1636:
1621:
1607:
1593:
1586:
1571:
1564:
1543:
1536:
1514:
1493:
1471:
1457:
1443:
1436:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1393:
1386:
545:
538:
531:
524:
517:
510:
503:
496:
481:
474:
467:
460:
453:
446:
439:
432:
417:
410:
403:
396:
389:
382:
375:
368:
353:
346:
339:
332:
325:
318:
311:
304:
4354:
813:
While some regional variants have historical origins comparable to or even older than chess, the majority of variants are express attempts by individuals or small groups to create new games with chess as a starting point. In most cases the creators are attempting to create new games of interest to
79:
Many chess variants are designed to be played with the equipment of regular chess. Most variants have a similar public-domain status as their parent game, but some have been made into commercial proprietary games. Just as in traditional chess, chess variants can be played over the board,
1324:, who authored several books on the topic. Most significantly, he compiled an encyclopedia of variants which outlined thousands of different games. Following Pritchard's death in 2005, the second edition of the encyclopedia was completed and published by John Beasley under the title
1784:
which depicts a war between two races of
Martian. An appendix fully defines the rules of the game. More commonly specifics of fictional variants are not detailed in the original works, though several have been codified into playable games by fans. An example of this is
1300:
means that move notation needs to include the level number, as well as the rank and file—N2g3 means a knight move to the g3 square on the second level. When fairy chess pieces are used, notation requires assigning letters for those pieces.
1068:
have been devised to systematically describe the movement of these. A distinguishing feature of several chess variants is the presence of one or more fairy pieces. Physical models of common fairy pieces are sold by major chess set suppliers.
118:
catalogues around two thousand, with the preface noting that—since creating a chess variant is relatively trivial—many were considered insufficiently notable for inclusion.
1743:
was developed in 2003 to be deliberately resistant to computer analysis while easy for human players, though computers were able to comprehensively surpass human players by 2015.
1795:. On-screen play was not conducted to any specific rules, but a comprehensive rulebook has been since developed. Another well known example of fictional chess-like game are the
42:"International" or "Western" chess itself is one of a family of games which have related origins and could be considered variants of each other. Chess developed from
833:
preparation in chess. Several variants introduce complications to the standard game, providing an additional challenge for experienced players, for example in
1064:" which is used more broadly across writings about chess variants to describe chess pieces with movement rules other than those of the standard chess pieces.
1739:
computer to play it, with a victory over a beginner player the first instance of a computer winning a chess-like game against human opposition. Conversely,
791:
made in other regions. These related games are considered chess variants, though the majority of variants are, expressly, modifications of chess. The basic
2905:
2226:
2118:
2147:
1172:
have professional circuits as well as many organised tournaments for amateurs, play of chess variants is predominately on a casual basis.
1201:
has seen prize-funded unofficial world championship tournaments with top grandmasters and experts of the game on chess.com and lichess.
4134:
4396:
3691:
5060:
4149:
4109:
1786:
1179:
tournaments were played at the height of the variant's popularity in the 1970s and 1980s. Chess960 has also been the subject of
4129:
754:
in India. Over time, as the game spread geographically, modified versions of the rules became popular in different regions. In
4124:
2579:
2552:
2530:
2065:
1750:
has not yet been achieved, some variants have been found to be simple enough to be solved though computer analysis. The 5Ă—5
814:
chess enthusiasts or a wider audience. Variants normally have the same public domain status as chess, though a few (such as
4833:
3681:
2449:
1272:
917: – players cannot see the pieces of their opponent, and have to deduce or guess where they are likely to be
799:
before this involves many variants, with the most popular modifications spreading and eventually forming the modern game.
4069:
3932:
3922:
3686:
4207:
3677:
3672:
2487:
3000:
4144:
4044:
3937:
3907:
4114:
4104:
4022:
3912:
2662:
2657:
1271:
is able to play almost any variant correctly programmed within it to a reasonable standard. Some variants, such as
1078:
2425:
4692:
4099:
4089:
2610:
1832:
Fictional chess variants can involve fantastical or dangerous elements that cannot be implemented in real life.
1735:, a 6Ă—6 variant, was created in 1956 expressly for computers, its simplicity meant that it was possible for the
1176:
4938:
4902:
4094:
4084:
4079:
2747:
2709:
2562:
2540:
2518:
1791:
1321:
1314:
768:
was a popular variant in medieval Europe, which had a significant impact on the "main" variant's development.
4229:
4139:
4074:
3655:
3417:
2968:
1141:
840:
The table below details some, but not all, of the ways in which variants can differ from the orthodox game:
4389:
3493:
2973:
1995:
2126:
5001:
4882:
4243:
4192:
3902:
821:
The variations from chess may be done to address a perceived issue with the standard game. For example,
5339:
5329:
4827:
4787:
4316:
4294:
4202:
4187:
3851:
3803:
3798:
3788:
3456:
3134:
2978:
2155:
1959:
Many Chess variants, particularly those called Modest variants, can be played with a regular Chess set.
1720:
its inexperienced opponent in the first instance of a computer defeating a human at a chess-like game.
1293:
1217:
5334:
5036:
4812:
4248:
4182:
4032:
3927:
3776:
2407:
1971:
1845:
1100:
1317:
from 1997. This outlined and introduced multiple variants, as well as containing in-depth analyses.
1140:, notable for works across a wider range of board games, have created chess variants. These include
4963:
4224:
4197:
4039:
3761:
3154:
3149:
3106:
3005:
2253:
1244:
1184:
934:
4973:
2840:
2277:
5442:
5420:
5260:
5088:
5031:
4892:
4547:
4382:
4333:
3863:
3528:
1338:
1264:
981:
2874:
4877:
4409:
3917:
3846:
3144:
2990:
2895:
2740:
2672:
1857:
1065:
908:
808:
111:
5179:
4907:
4822:
4802:
4049:
3972:
3858:
3558:
3553:
3240:
2963:
2922:
2704:
1848:" depicts "Live Chess", which introduces potentially lethal electric currents into the game.
1292:
Play in most chess variants is sufficiently similar to chess that games can be recorded with
1205:
89:
4872:
5397:
4792:
4441:
4431:
3766:
3703:
3662:
3623:
3405:
3395:
3325:
3139:
3070:
2995:
2880:
2679:
1777:
1772:
860:
822:
107:. Fairy chess variants tend to be created for problem composition rather than actual play.
81:
5006:
1330:
A recent overview of historical and some modern variants was published under the title of
8:
5314:
4662:
4522:
4214:
3994:
3746:
3633:
3603:
3573:
3545:
3518:
3461:
3362:
3330:
3290:
3245:
2958:
2900:
2775:
2723:
2718:
2645:
2603:
2201:
1297:
1191:
1131:
3756:
5413:
5138:
4978:
4948:
4759:
4642:
4457:
4436:
4321:
4219:
3962:
3771:
3412:
3300:
3263:
2912:
2780:
2386:
939:
914:
834:
24:
2385:
Mhalla, Mehdi; Prost, Frederic (2013-07-26). "Gardner's
Minichess Variant is solved".
1463:
1449:
5407:
5381:
5113:
4897:
4728:
4718:
4687:
4682:
4304:
4177:
3989:
3947:
3878:
3830:
3813:
3793:
3645:
3583:
3523:
3498:
3345:
3310:
3305:
3285:
3273:
3116:
3084:
3050:
3030:
2867:
2861:
2822:
2689:
2575:
2548:
2526:
2506:
2502:
2483:
2094:
2061:
1506:
1296:, although additions to this are often required. For example, the third dimension in
1268:
1248:
1236:
1221:
1061:
1032:
868:
2480:
A World of Chess: Its
Development and Variations Through Centuries and Civilizations
1821:
1670:
1656:
1642:
1613:
1599:
1556:
1549:
1520:
1499:
1485:
1399:
19:
5041:
4943:
4933:
4754:
4632:
4552:
4531:
4462:
4299:
4172:
4014:
3957:
3868:
3818:
3667:
3613:
3608:
3598:
3513:
3434:
3424:
3400:
3367:
2939:
2853:
2627:
2227:"The Chess Variant Pages: Fairy-Max: an AI for playing user-defined Chess variants"
1732:
1709:
1096:
1053:, rather than being intended for full games. This field of composition is known as
1036:
992:
942: – pits a regular chess army versus a large army consisting only of
818:) are proprietary, and the materials for play are released as commercial products.
815:
796:
739:
1731:
A few chess variants have been the subject of significant computational analysis.
5344:
5239:
5133:
5068:
4708:
4602:
4587:
4542:
4503:
4478:
4264:
4238:
4059:
4054:
4004:
3942:
3751:
3726:
3711:
3508:
3466:
3449:
3350:
3268:
3230:
3208:
3193:
3124:
3101:
3060:
3055:
2934:
2917:
2757:
2053:
1870:
1194:
1127:
1108:
877:
755:
61:
3533:
3444:
863: – starting position randomly selected from 960 possible options
5123:
5103:
5093:
5078:
5073:
4807:
4517:
4488:
4483:
4363:
4279:
4027:
3873:
3736:
3731:
3568:
3563:
3429:
3387:
3357:
3186:
3129:
3017:
2985:
2951:
2944:
2929:
2890:
2885:
2812:
2807:
2652:
2596:
2031:
1878:
1751:
1726:
1313:
magazine was published from 1990 to 2010, being an official publication of the
1275:, are implausible or even impossible to play physically and exist primarily as
1187:
1180:
1104:
956:
885:
844:
Some ways in which chess variants can differ from regular chess, with examples
792:
85:
2566:
5436:
5297:
5224:
5219:
5169:
4867:
4723:
4713:
4657:
4637:
4537:
4511:
4338:
4328:
4311:
3984:
3967:
3894:
3783:
3741:
3721:
3503:
3485:
3476:
3439:
3372:
3295:
3280:
3235:
3218:
3213:
3203:
3035:
2797:
1920:
1862:
1747:
1153:
1145:
1092:
1027:
889:
830:
826:
765:
96:
1042:
Variants can themselves be developed into further sub-variants, for example
5324:
5234:
4968:
4928:
4887:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4652:
4627:
4597:
4592:
4493:
4358:
4284:
4269:
3999:
3825:
3808:
3716:
3650:
3593:
3588:
3320:
3315:
3255:
3198:
3089:
3045:
2817:
2802:
2792:
2728:
2694:
2667:
2635:
2361:
1944:
1812:
1808:
1759:
1260:
1252:
1232:
1115:
1050:
943:
899:
881:
873:
751:
5402:
5204:
5174:
5128:
5108:
5021:
5011:
4996:
4958:
4953:
4782:
4647:
4622:
4612:
4507:
3638:
3628:
3377:
3340:
3223:
2834:
2829:
2787:
2640:
1837:
1755:
1276:
1256:
1235:
are also able to play a handful of variants, for instance the version of
1149:
1137:
1123:
1119:
1084:
1054:
1043:
1003:
970:
960:
764:. Modifications made to this game in Europe resulted in the modern game.
672:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
608:
601:
594:
587:
580:
573:
566:
559:
288:
281:
274:
267:
260:
253:
246:
239:
224:
217:
210:
203:
196:
189:
182:
175:
104:
4374:
1183:, including in 2018 an "unofficial world championship" between reigning
5214:
5046:
4749:
4744:
4617:
4498:
4274:
3335:
3171:
3161:
3094:
3078:
2770:
1841:
1826:
1663:
1649:
1635:
1620:
1606:
1592:
1585:
1570:
1563:
1542:
1535:
1513:
1492:
1470:
1456:
1442:
1435:
1420:
1413:
1406:
1392:
1385:
1240:
1198:
1014:
951:
928: – dice rolls determine which pieces can move on a turn
925:
746:
725:
44:
5118:
2841:
973: – pieces switch between the two boards when they move
744:
The origins of the chess family of games can be traced to the game of
5371:
5292:
5287:
5209:
5143:
5026:
4817:
4797:
4764:
4607:
4527:
4289:
3618:
3578:
3181:
3176:
3065:
3040:
2765:
2301:
2056:; Stefanovic, George (1992). "Sveti Stefan; First Press Conference".
1797:
1717:
1225:
1209:
1049:
Some variations are created for the purpose of composing interesting
4167:
92:
facilitate the play of some variants in addition to orthodox chess.
5304:
5272:
5229:
5098:
4912:
3977:
3025:
1840:
and captures are replaced by fights to the death between them. The
1736:
1713:
1088:
760:
56:
2391:
5309:
2699:
1802:
1309:
Various publications have been written regarding chess variants.
1213:
1114:
Individuals notable for creating multiple chess variants include
779:
72:
2510:
2119:"Day 5 - Decisions, emotions, conclusions - Fischer Random 2018"
5376:
5366:
5277:
5267:
5255:
5159:
5083:
3166:
1829:
and was developed into a real sport in the early 21st century.
1816:
1740:
1342:
website includes a constantly expanding catalogue of variants.
829:
to combat what he perceived to be the detrimental dominance of
784:
50:
2176:
733:
is believed to be the origin of all games in the chess family.
39:. Such variants can differ from chess in many different ways.
5319:
5282:
5164:
2619:
1945:"Where Can I Find Equipment or Opponents for Chess Variants?"
1781:
773:
66:
36:
5016:
2684:
825:, which randomises the starting positions, was invented by
2330:
1716:(white) and a chess beginner (black). MANIAC I managed to
1770:
Chess variants have been invented in various fiction. In
1175:
A few variants have had significant tournaments. Several
837:, where players cannot see the pieces of their opponent.
4353:
2588:
2342:
902: – objective is to lose all one's pieces
1894:
995: – playing board is 96 triangular cells
984: – playing board is in three dimensions
2499:
2074:
2012:
795:
were not standardized until the 19th century, and the
2318:
1228:
have been programmed to support many chess variants.
1208:
facilitate live play of popular variants, including
48:, from which other members of this family, such as
35:is a game related to, derived from, or inspired by
16:
Games related to, derived from or inspired by chess
2450:"Star Wars' Holochess Game Was Really Thought Out"
2426:"22 Games of Chess in Fantasy and Science Fiction"
2052:
1762:managed to weakly solve this as a win for white.
110:There are thousands of known chess variants (see
5434:
1351:
127:
2095:"Chess Variant Kits from the House of Staunton"
2060:. International Chess Enterprises. p. 17.
2477:
2336:
1326:The Classified Encyclopedia of Chess Variants.
1304:
4390:
2604:
2568:The Classified Encyclopedia of Chess Variants
1017: – the captured pieces can be
116:The Classified Encyclopedia of Chess Variants
1765:
2478:Cazaux, Jean-Louis; Knowlton, Rick (2017).
2384:
1006: – played with four players
758:, a slightly modified form became known as
4397:
4383:
2611:
2597:
4404:
2561:
2539:
2517:
2390:
2348:
2324:
2080:
2018:
1996:"A Glossary of Basic Chess Variant Terms"
1900:
1345:
978:More dimensions in which pieces can move
771:Other games in the chess family, such as
1026:
18:
1239:implemented on Lichess is able to play
787:(Cambodian) are also developments from
5435:
2496:
4378:
2592:
2423:
2248:
2246:
2148:"Chess Variants | 5 Amazing Examples"
1758:as a draw, and a lengthy analysis of
1282:
1046:is a variation upon Dunsany's Chess.
121:
4834:5D Chess with Multiverse Time Travel
2525:. Games & Puzzles Publications.
2408:"Losing Chess: 1. e3 wins for White"
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1836:describes a form of Jetan where the
1273:5D Chess with Multiverse Time Travel
1072:
989:Board other than lattice of squares
802:
27:variant which uses a hexagonal board
2442:
2405:
1060:Fairy chess gave rise to the term "
13:
2523:The Encyclopedia of Chess Variants
2243:
2224:
2092:
1320:A leading figure in the field was
14:
5454:
2058:No Regrets • Fischer–Spassky 1992
1906:
1087:have developed variants, such as
4352:
4023:List of strong chess tournaments
2302:"British Chess Variants Society"
2199:
2177:"Lichess variants • lichess.org"
1669:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1519:
1512:
1505:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1434:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1079:Category:Chess variant inventors
714:
683:
671:
664:
657:
650:
643:
636:
629:
622:
607:
600:
593:
586:
579:
572:
565:
558:
543:
536:
529:
522:
515:
508:
501:
494:
479:
472:
465:
458:
451:
444:
437:
430:
415:
408:
401:
394:
387:
380:
373:
366:
351:
344:
337:
330:
323:
316:
309:
302:
287:
280:
273:
266:
259:
252:
245:
238:
223:
216:
209:
202:
195:
188:
181:
174:
162:
131:
3001:Gökyay Association Chess Museum
2417:
2399:
2378:
2354:
2294:
2270:
2218:
2193:
2169:
2140:
2111:
2086:
1921:"The History of Chess Variants"
1000:Non-standard number of players
959: – the board is
2424:Brown, David W. (2013-03-25).
2046:
2024:
1988:
1964:
1937:
1315:British Chess Variants Society
1066:Forms of standardised notation
849:Difference from regular chess
1:
4121:Computer chess championships
2565:(2007). Beasley, John (ed.).
2503:Charles E. Tuttle Company Inc
2254:"Review of Zillions-of-Games"
1887:
896:Different victory conditions
2337:Cazaux & Knowlton (2017)
2125:. 2018-02-15. Archived from
857:Different starting position
99:, chess variants are called
7:
5002:Chess on a really big board
4883:Chess with different armies
4425:Different starting position
3903:Bishop and knight checkmate
2362:"The 2015 Arimaa Challenge"
1972:"Chess - Chess composition"
1851:
1305:Scholarship and cataloguing
1287:
10:
5459:
5340:Game of the Seven Kingdoms
5330:Game of the Three Kingdoms
4451:Different number of pieces
4066:Other world championships
1724:
1218:Free Internet Chess Server
1076:
1021:on the board as one's own
950:Different sized or shaped
806:
737:
544:
537:
530:
523:
516:
509:
502:
495:
480:
473:
466:
459:
452:
445:
438:
431:
416:
409:
402:
395:
388:
381:
374:
367:
352:
345:
338:
331:
324:
317:
310:
303:
5390:
5359:
5335:Game of the Three Friends
5248:
5197:
5188:
5152:
5059:
4987:
4921:
4860:
4847:
4773:
4737:
4701:
4578:
4565:
4471:
4450:
4424:
4417:
4347:
4257:
4160:
4013:
3913:Opposite-coloured bishops
3893:
3839:
3702:
3544:
3484:
3475:
3386:
3254:
3115:
3016:
2852:
2756:
2626:
2618:
1846:The Wedding of River Song
1766:Chess variants in fiction
1177:Gliński's hexagonal chess
911:regarding the game state
5032:Dekle's triangular chess
4964:Maharajah and the Sepoys
4040:World Chess Championship
3006:World Chess Hall of Fame
2547:. Batsford Chess Books.
1220:. The software packages
1190:and fellow high-ranking
933:Non-identical setup for
5421:The Chess Variant Pages
4939:Capablanca random chess
4548:Three-dimensional chess
4334:Simultaneous exhibition
4244:Chess newspaper columns
3933:Rook and bishop vs rook
3923:Queen and pawn vs queen
2278:"Stockfish is learning"
2231:The Chess Variant Pages
1976:Encyclopedia Britannica
1838:pieces are human beings
1339:The Chess Variant Pages
1159:
982:Three-dimensional chess
876: – uses
750:during the time of the
3789:Richter–Veresov Attack
3777:Queen's Indian Defence
2545:Popular Chess Variants
2032:"The History Of Chess"
1858:List of chess variants
1346:Computer variant chess
1206:internet chess servers
1039:
909:incomplete information
809:List of chess variants
112:list of chess variants
90:internet chess servers
28:
4908:Pocket mutation chess
4823:Parallel worlds chess
4050:Candidates Tournament
3938:Rook and pawn vs rook
3908:King and pawn vs king
3859:List of chess gambits
3762:King's Indian Defence
3440:Isolated Queen's Pawn
2964:List of chess players
2906:Top player comparison
2705:Internet chess server
2497:Gollon, John (1968).
2258:www.chessvariants.com
2202:"FICS Help: category"
2099:www.chessvariants.com
2000:www.chessvariants.com
1949:www.chessvariants.com
1925:www.chessvariants.com
1787:Tri-Dimensional Chess
1030:
880:(which can move as a
22:
5398:Correspondence chess
4442:Transcendental chess
4432:Fischer random chess
3767:Nimzo-Indian Defence
3663:Scandinavian Defense
3624:Semi-Italian Opening
3529:King's Indian Attack
3418:first-move advantage
3071:Threefold repetition
2996:Bobby Fischer Center
2881:Charlemagne chessmen
2875:Göttingen manuscript
2839:
2680:Correspondence chess
1834:The Chessmen of Mars
1778:Edgar Rice Burroughs
1773:The Chessmen of Mars
1708:Final position in a
1185:World Chess Champion
1138:board game designers
1101:José Raúl Capablanca
861:Fischer random chess
823:Fischer random chess
4893:Falcon–hunter chess
4776:an unorthodox board
4774:Unorthodox rules on
4663:Monochromatic chess
4523:Millennium 3D chess
3995:Two knights endgame
3747:Bogo-Indian Defence
3634:Two Knights Defense
3574:Nimzowitsch Defence
3264:Artificial castling
2901:Soviet chess school
2776:Dubrovnik chess set
2306:www.mayhematics.com
2123:Fischer Random 2018
1752:Gardner's Minichess
1298:Millennium 3D Chess
1132:George R. Dekle Sr.
922:Elements of chance
869:Non-standard pieces
845:
5414:Fairy Chess Review
5139:Three-player chess
4979:Tutti-frutti chess
4861:Standard 8Ă—8 board
4738:Elements of chance
4702:Multimove variants
4643:Knight relay chess
4437:Displacement chess
4225:endgame literature
3772:Old Indian Defense
3682:Accelerated Dragon
3554:Alekhine's Defence
3286:Checkmate patterns
3155:symbols in Unicode
3150:annotation symbols
2913:Geography of chess
2781:Staunton chess set
1825:, a 1992 comic by
1819:, was depicted in
1294:algebraic notation
1283:Analysis and study
1040:
1033:fairy chess pieces
843:
122:Evolution of chess
95:In the context of
29:
25:three-player chess
5430:
5429:
5408:Fairy chess piece
5382:Zillions of Games
5355:
5354:
5114:Four-player chess
5055:
5054:
4990:boards and pieces
4898:Grasshopper chess
4843:
4842:
4729:Progressive chess
4719:Marseillais chess
4693:Way of the Knight
4688:Three-check chess
4683:Progressive chess
4561:
4560:
4372:
4371:
4249:Chess periodicals
4178:Chess in the arts
4110:Chess composition
3948:Philidor position
3889:
3888:
3831:Trompowsky Attack
3814:Semi-Slav Defence
3704:Queen's Pawn Game
3584:Four Knights Game
3559:Caro–Kann Defence
3524:Zukertort Opening
3311:Discovered attack
3031:Cheating in chess
2868:Versus de scachis
2581:978-0-9555168-0-1
2554:978-0-7134-8578-3
2532:978-0-9524142-0-9
2206:www.freechess.org
2067:978-1-879479-09-8
1754:variant has been
1706:
1705:
1269:Zillions of Games
1249:Three-check chess
1222:Zillions of Games
1073:Notable inventors
1062:fairy chess piece
1025:
1024:
803:Types of variants
722:
721:
82:by correspondence
5450:
5195:
5194:
5042:Wildebeest chess
4944:Chancellor chess
4934:Capablanca chess
4858:
4857:
4755:Knightmare Chess
4633:Extinction chess
4576:
4575:
4553:Triangular chess
4532:Los Alamos chess
4472:Unorthodox board
4422:
4421:
4399:
4392:
4385:
4376:
4375:
4359:Chess portal
4357:
4356:
4300:Leela Chess Zero
4231:Oxford Companion
4183:early literature
4173:Chess aesthetics
3918:Pawnless endgame
3869:Bongcloud Attack
3847:List of openings
3819:Chigorin Defense
3757:GrĂĽnfeld Defence
3668:Sicilian Defence
3614:Ponziani Opening
3609:Philidor Defence
3604:Petrov's Defence
3546:King's Pawn Game
3519:Larsen's Opening
3482:
3481:
2843:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2574:. John Beasley.
2573:
2563:Pritchard, D. B.
2558:
2541:Pritchard, D. B.
2536:
2519:Pritchard, D. B.
2514:
2493:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2358:
2352:
2349:Pritchard (2007)
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2325:Pritchard (2007)
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2250:
2241:
2240:
2238:
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2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2154:. Archived from
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2093:Duniho, Fergus.
2090:
2084:
2081:Pritchard (2007)
2078:
2072:
2071:
2054:Seirawan, Yasser
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2028:
2022:
2019:Pritchard (2007)
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1917:
1904:
1901:Pritchard (1994)
1898:
1733:Los Alamos chess
1710:Los Alamos chess
1673:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
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1495:
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1473:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1352:
1332:A World of Chess
1245:King-of-the-hill
1118:(best known for
1097:Capablanca Chess
1037:Capablanca chess
1011:Different rules
993:Triangular chess
967:Multiple boards
852:Example variant
846:
842:
816:Knightmare Chess
797:history of chess
740:History of chess
729:starting setup.
718:
717:
687:
686:
675:
668:
661:
654:
647:
640:
633:
626:
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
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206:
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185:
178:
166:
165:
135:
134:
128:
5458:
5457:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5448:
5447:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5426:
5386:
5351:
5244:
5240:Tamerlane chess
5190:
5184:
5148:
5134:Three-man chess
5051:
4989:
4983:
4922:Compound pieces
4917:
4903:Musketeer chess
4853:
4852:non-traditional
4851:
4849:
4839:
4775:
4769:
4733:
4709:Avalanche chess
4697:
4603:Checkless chess
4588:Andernach chess
4580:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4557:
4543:Spherical chess
4504:Hexagonal chess
4467:
4458:Dunsany's chess
4446:
4413:
4403:
4373:
4368:
4351:
4343:
4253:
4239:Chess libraries
4156:
4060:FIDE Grand Prix
4055:Chess World Cup
4009:
4005:Wrong rook pawn
3943:Lucena position
3885:
3835:
3752:Catalan Opening
3727:English Defence
3712:Budapest Gambit
3698:
3656:Austrian Attack
3540:
3509:English Opening
3471:
3467:School of chess
3450:Minority attack
3382:
3351:Queen sacrifice
3250:
3111:
3107:White and Black
3102:Touch-move rule
3061:Perpetual check
3056:Fifty-move rule
3012:
2848:
2845:
2752:
2622:
2617:
2582:
2571:
2555:
2533:
2490:
2469:
2468:
2459:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2434:
2432:
2422:
2418:
2410:
2406:Watkins, Mark.
2404:
2400:
2383:
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2025:
2017:
2013:
2004:
2002:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1980:
1978:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1953:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1929:
1927:
1919:
1918:
1907:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1854:
1768:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1348:
1322:David Pritchard
1307:
1290:
1285:
1195:Hikaru Nakamura
1162:
1128:Philip M. Cohen
1109:Yasser Seirawan
1081:
1075:
1031:Models for the
940:Dunsany's chess
935:white and black
811:
805:
756:Sassanid Persia
742:
736:
735:
734:
715:
684:
163:
132:
124:
101:heterodox chess
62:Tamerlane chess
17:
12:
11:
5:
5456:
5446:
5445:
5443:Chess variants
5428:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5417:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5394:
5392:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5363:
5361:
5357:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5348:
5347:
5345:Other variants
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5307:
5302:
5301:
5300:
5298:Other variants
5295:
5290:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5264:
5263:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5201:
5199:
5192:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5156:
5154:
5153:Inspired games
5150:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5124:Hand and brain
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5104:Fortress chess
5101:
5096:
5094:Enochian chess
5091:
5086:
5081:
5079:Business chess
5076:
5074:Bughouse chess
5071:
5065:
5063:
5057:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4993:
4991:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4981:
4976:
4974:Seirawan chess
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4864:
4862:
4855:
4845:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4808:Diplomat chess
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4779:
4777:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4584:
4582:
4573:
4563:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4525:
4520:
4518:Infinite chess
4515:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4489:Cylinder chess
4486:
4484:Circular chess
4481:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4454:
4452:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4428:
4426:
4419:
4418:Orthodox rules
4415:
4414:
4406:Chess variants
4402:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4379:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4282:
4280:Chess composer
4277:
4272:
4267:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4235:
4234:
4227:
4222:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4175:
4170:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4135:North American
4132:
4127:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4028:Chess Olympiad
4025:
4019:
4017:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3945:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3899:
3897:
3891:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3879:Scholar's mate
3876:
3871:
3861:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3794:Queen's Gambit
3791:
3786:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3737:Benoni Defence
3732:Indian Defence
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3708:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3675:
3665:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3648:
3646:Owen's Defence
3643:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3576:
3571:
3569:Modern Defence
3566:
3564:French Defence
3561:
3556:
3550:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3531:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3499:Bird's Opening
3496:
3490:
3488:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3430:Pawn structure
3427:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3398:
3392:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3274:Alekhine's gun
3266:
3260:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3187:Half-open file
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3130:Chess notation
3127:
3121:
3119:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3087:
3085:Pawn promotion
3082:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3022:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2988:
2986:Women in chess
2983:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2932:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2896:Hypermodernism
2893:
2891:Romantic chess
2888:
2886:Lewis chessmen
2883:
2878:
2871:
2858:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2762:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2724:world rankings
2716:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2702:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2653:Computer chess
2650:
2649:
2648:
2638:
2632:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2616:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2580:
2559:
2553:
2537:
2531:
2515:
2494:
2489:978-0786494279
2488:
2467:
2466:
2441:
2416:
2398:
2377:
2353:
2351:, p. 112.
2341:
2329:
2317:
2293:
2269:
2242:
2225:Muller, H. G.
2217:
2192:
2168:
2139:
2110:
2085:
2073:
2066:
2045:
2023:
2011:
1987:
1963:
1936:
1905:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1876:
1868:
1860:
1853:
1850:
1822:Froid Équateur
1801:holochess, or
1767:
1764:
1727:Computer chess
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1617:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1589:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1306:
1303:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1188:Magnus Carlsen
1161:
1158:
1105:Seirawan chess
1074:
1071:
1023:
1022:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1001:
997:
996:
990:
986:
985:
979:
975:
974:
968:
964:
963:
957:Infinite chess
954:
947:
946:
937:
930:
929:
923:
919:
918:
912:
904:
903:
897:
893:
892:
871:
865:
864:
858:
854:
853:
850:
804:
801:
793:rules of chess
723:
720:
719:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
680:
679:
676:
669:
662:
655:
648:
641:
634:
627:
620:
616:
615:
612:
605:
598:
591:
584:
577:
570:
563:
556:
552:
551:
548:
541:
534:
527:
520:
513:
506:
499:
492:
488:
487:
484:
477:
470:
463:
456:
449:
442:
435:
428:
424:
423:
420:
413:
406:
399:
392:
385:
378:
371:
364:
360:
359:
356:
349:
342:
335:
328:
321:
314:
307:
300:
296:
295:
292:
285:
278:
271:
264:
257:
250:
243:
236:
232:
231:
228:
221:
214:
207:
200:
193:
186:
179:
172:
168:
167:
160:
157:
154:
151:
148:
145:
142:
139:
136:
126:
125:
123:
120:
97:chess problems
76:also evolved.
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5455:
5444:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5423:
5422:
5418:
5416:
5415:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5389:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5358:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5247:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5225:Grant Acedrex
5223:
5221:
5220:Courier chess
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5189:Chess-related
5187:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5170:Martian chess
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5007:Courier-Spiel
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4986:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4949:Embassy chess
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4920:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4859:
4856:
4846:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4778:
4772:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4736:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4724:Monster chess
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4714:Kung-Fu Chess
4712:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4700:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4658:Madrasi chess
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4638:Hostage chess
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4577:
4574:
4564:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4538:Rhombic chess
4536:
4533:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4512:Masonic chess
4509:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4416:
4411:
4407:
4400:
4395:
4393:
4388:
4386:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4349:
4346:
4340:
4339:Solving chess
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4329:Chess prodigy
4327:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4312:Chess problem
4310:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4220:opening books
4218:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4209:
4208:short stories
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4161:Art and media
4159:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3973:triangulation
3971:
3969:
3968:Tarrasch rule
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:Queen vs pawn
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3784:London System
3782:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3742:Modern Benoni
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3722:Dutch Defence
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3599:King's Gambit
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3514:Grob's Attack
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3504:Dunst Opening
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3494:Benko Opening
3492:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3486:Flank opening
3483:
3480:
3478:
3474:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3241:Transposition
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2991:Chess museums
2989:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2959:Notable games
2957:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2844:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2749:
2748:World records
2746:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2719:Rating system
2717:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2614:
2609:
2607:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2583:
2577:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2482:. McFarland.
2481:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2431:
2427:
2420:
2409:
2402:
2393:
2388:
2381:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2350:
2345:
2338:
2333:
2326:
2321:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2247:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2158:on 2018-07-19
2157:
2153:
2149:
2143:
2129:on 2018-02-21
2128:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2100:
2096:
2089:
2083:, p. 90.
2082:
2077:
2069:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2033:
2027:
2021:, p. 13.
2020:
2015:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1977:
1973:
1967:
1960:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1903:, p. vii
1902:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1815:of chess and
1814:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1756:weakly solved
1753:
1749:
1748:solving chess
1744:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1728:
1719:
1715:
1712:game between
1711:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1694:
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1312:
1311:Variant Chess
1302:
1299:
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1278:
1274:
1270:
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1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
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1234:
1233:chess engines
1229:
1227:
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1202:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:
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1178:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1164:While chess,
1157:
1155:
1154:Martian chess
1151:
1147:
1146:Baroque chess
1143:
1142:Robert Abbott
1139:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1093:Bobby Fischer
1090:
1086:
1085:chess masters
1080:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1020:
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932:
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927:
924:
921:
920:
916:
913:
910:
907:Players have
906:
905:
901:
898:
895:
894:
891:
888:) instead of
887:
883:
879:
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870:
867:
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862:
859:
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855:
851:
848:
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841:
838:
836:
832:
828:
827:Bobby Fischer
824:
819:
817:
810:
800:
798:
794:
790:
786:
783:(China), and
782:
781:
776:
775:
769:
767:
766:Courier chess
763:
762:
757:
753:
749:
748:
741:
732:
728:
727:
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710:
707:
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457:
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63:
59:
58:
53:
52:
47:
46:
40:
38:
34:
33:chess variant
26:
21:
5419:
5412:
5325:Manchu chess
5235:Short assize
4969:Modern chess
4929:Almost chess
4832:
4678:Portal chess
4673:PlunderChess
4668:Patrol chess
4653:Losing chess
4628:Dynamo chess
4598:Beirut chess
4593:Atomic chess
4494:Double chess
4479:Balbo's game
4405:
4285:Chess engine
4270:Chess boxing
4230:
4000:Wrong bishop
3852:theory table
3826:Torre Attack
3809:Slav Defence
3717:Colle System
3692:Scheveningen
3651:Pirc Defence
3594:Italian Game
3589:Giuoco Piano
3534:RĂ©ti Opening
3457:Piece values
3445:MarĂłczy Bind
3406:the exchange
3396:Compensation
3326:Interference
3316:Double check
3090:Time control
3077:
3051:by agreement
2979:grandmasters
2923:South Africa
2873:
2866:
2842:Score sheets
2788:Chess pieces
2735:
2695:Online chess
2641:Chess titles
2636:Chess theory
2567:
2544:
2522:
2498:
2479:
2472:Bibliography
2471:
2470:
2458:. Retrieved
2456:. 2018-09-22
2453:
2444:
2433:. Retrieved
2429:
2419:
2401:
2380:
2369:. Retrieved
2365:
2356:
2344:
2332:
2320:
2309:. Retrieved
2305:
2296:
2285:. Retrieved
2281:
2272:
2261:. Retrieved
2257:
2234:. Retrieved
2230:
2220:
2209:. Retrieved
2205:
2195:
2184:. Retrieved
2180:
2171:
2160:. Retrieved
2156:the original
2151:
2142:
2131:. Retrieved
2127:the original
2122:
2113:
2102:. Retrieved
2098:
2088:
2076:
2057:
2048:
2036:. Retrieved
2026:
2014:
2003:. Retrieved
1999:
1990:
1979:. Retrieved
1975:
1966:
1958:
1952:. Retrieved
1948:
1939:
1928:. Retrieved
1924:
1896:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1833:
1831:
1820:
1813:hybrid sport
1809:Chess boxing
1807:
1796:
1790:
1771:
1769:
1760:losing chess
1745:
1730:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1310:
1308:
1291:
1267:included in
1261:Racing Kings
1253:Atomic chess
1230:
1203:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1163:
1135:
1116:V. R. Parton
1113:
1082:
1059:
1048:
1041:
1018:
900:Losing chess
874:Almost chess
839:
820:
812:
788:
778:
772:
770:
759:
752:Gupta Empire
745:
743:
730:
724:
115:
109:
100:
94:
78:
71:
65:
55:
51:ouk chatrang
49:
43:
41:
32:
30:
5403:Fairy chess
5205:Chadarangam
5175:Navia Dratp
5129:Quatrochess
5109:Four Fronts
5061:Multiplayer
5022:Omega Chess
5012:Dragonchess
4997:Chesquerque
4959:Janus Chess
4954:Grand Chess
4850:rules using
4783:Alice chess
4648:Legan chess
4623:Cubic chess
4613:Circe chess
4570:traditional
4508:Cross chess
4215:Chess books
4015:Tournaments
3874:Fool's mate
3639:Vienna Game
3629:Scotch Game
3462:Prophylaxis
3378:Zwischenzug
3363:Undermining
3331:Overloading
3291:Combination
3140:descriptive
2835:Chess table
2830:Chess clock
2646:Grandmaster
2454:CINEMABLEND
2430:Metal Floss
2282:lichess.org
2181:lichess.org
2034:. ChessZone
1277:video games
1257:Horde chess
1197:. Likewise
1192:Grandmaster
1181:tournaments
1150:Andy Looney
1124:Ralph Betza
1120:Alice chess
1055:fairy chess
1044:Horde chess
1004:Quatrochess
971:Alice chess
878:chancellors
785:ouk chatran
105:fairy chess
86:by computer
5215:Chaturanga
5198:Historical
5047:Wolf chess
4988:Unorthodox
4848:Unorthodox
4828:Rollerball
4788:Apocalypse
4760:Kriegspiel
4750:Dice chess
4745:Dark chess
4618:Crazyhouse
4568:rules with
4566:Unorthodox
4499:Grid chess
4322:joke chess
4275:Chess club
3963:opposition
3425:Middlegame
3413:Initiative
3336:Pawn storm
3301:Deflection
3172:Key square
3162:Fianchetto
3095:Fast chess
3079:En passant
2771:chessboard
2460:2021-05-01
2435:2018-09-18
2371:2018-09-18
2366:arimaa.com
2311:2018-09-18
2287:2018-09-14
2263:2018-09-18
2236:2018-09-19
2211:2018-09-18
2186:2018-09-18
2162:2018-09-18
2133:2018-09-18
2104:2018-09-18
2005:2018-09-21
1981:2018-09-21
1954:2018-09-18
1930:2018-09-18
1888:References
1842:Doctor Who
1827:Enki Bilal
1780:describes
1725:See also:
1241:Crazyhouse
1216:, and the
1199:Crazyhouse
1077:See also:
1015:Crazyhouse
926:Dice chess
915:Kriegspiel
835:Kriegspiel
807:See also:
789:chaturanga
747:chaturanga
738:See also:
731:Chaturanga
726:Chaturanga
45:chaturanga
5372:Fairy-Max
5293:Dai shogi
5288:Chu shogi
5210:Chaturaji
5144:Tri-chess
5037:2000 A.D.
5027:Stratomic
4818:Jeson Mor
4813:Dragonfly
4798:Chessence
4765:Penultima
4608:Chessplus
4581:8Ă—8 board
4528:Minichess
4305:Stockfish
4295:Deep Blue
4290:AlphaZero
4198:paintings
3990:Tablebase
3954:Strategy
3864:Irregular
3619:Ruy Lopez
3579:Open Game
3346:Sacrifice
3306:Desperado
3209:connected
3182:Open file
3177:King walk
3135:algebraic
3066:Stalemate
3041:Checkmate
2766:Chess set
2758:Equipment
2392:1307.7118
2152:Chess.com
1844:episode "
1798:Star Wars
1792:Star Trek
1718:checkmate
1334:in 2017.
1237:Stockfish
1226:Fairy-Max
1210:Chess.com
961:unbounded
777:(Japan),
5437:Category
5360:Software
5305:Sittuyin
5273:Senterej
5261:variants
5249:Regional
5230:Shatranj
5180:The Duke
5099:Forchess
5069:Bosworth
4913:Cheskers
4873:Berolina
4579:Standard
4463:Handicap
4364:Category
4317:glossary
3978:Zugzwang
3958:fortress
3895:Endgames
3804:Declined
3799:Accepted
3477:Openings
3435:Hedgehog
3401:Exchange
3388:Strategy
3368:Windmill
3219:isolated
3204:backward
3026:Castling
2969:amateurs
2862:Timeline
2736:Variants
2690:Glossary
2673:software
2658:glossary
2543:(2000).
2521:(1994).
2511:06811975
2038:29 March
1852:See also
1737:MANIAC I
1714:MANIAC I
1288:Notation
1204:Several
1089:Chess960
1083:Several
1035:used in
761:shatranj
57:shatranj
5391:Related
5310:Xiangqi
5089:Duchess
4868:Baroque
4265:Arbiter
4258:Related
4115:Solving
4105:Amateur
3687:Najdorf
3269:Battery
3256:Tactics
3231:Swindle
3214:doubled
3194:Outpost
3125:Blunder
2940:Armenia
2854:History
2700:Premove
2668:engines
2663:matches
2628:Outline
1882:variant
1874:variant
1872:Xiangqi
1866:variant
1803:dejarik
1776:author
1214:Lichess
1170:xiangqi
1051:puzzles
1019:dropped
831:opening
780:xiangqi
88:. Some
73:xiangqi
5377:XBoard
5367:ChessV
5315:Jungle
5278:Shatar
5268:Makruk
5256:Janggi
5160:Arimaa
5084:Djambi
4878:Chakra
4854:pieces
4572:pieces
4203:poetry
4193:novels
4168:CaĂŻssa
4100:Senior
4090:Junior
3678:Dragon
3673:Alapin
3358:Skewer
3224:passed
3167:Gambit
2974:female
2935:Europe
2918:Africa
2813:Knight
2808:Bishop
2578:
2551:
2529:
2509:
2486:
2200:FICS.
2064:
1880:Janggi
1817:boxing
1746:While
1741:Arimaa
1263:. The
1259:, and
1168:, and
1148:) and
1103:, and
890:queens
886:knight
70:, and
5320:Banqi
5283:Shogi
5191:games
5165:Jetan
4888:Duell
4803:Congo
4150:WCSCC
4095:Youth
4085:Blitz
4080:Rapid
4070:Women
4033:Women
3985:Study
3840:Other
3373:X-ray
3296:Decoy
3281:Block
3236:Tempo
3199:Pawns
3117:Terms
3036:Check
3018:Rules
2952:India
2945:Spain
2930:China
2823:Fairy
2798:Queen
2729:norms
2620:Chess
2572:(PDF)
2411:(PDF)
2387:arXiv
1864:Shogi
1789:from
1782:Jetan
1231:Some
1166:shogi
1136:Some
952:board
944:pawns
884:or a
774:shogi
84:, or
67:shogi
37:chess
5119:Gala
5017:Gess
4793:Chad
4410:list
4188:film
4145:WCCC
4140:TCEC
4130:CSVN
4075:Team
4045:List
3321:Fork
3246:Trap
3046:Draw
2818:Pawn
2803:Rook
2793:King
2741:List
2710:list
2685:FIDE
2576:ISBN
2549:ISBN
2527:ISBN
2507:LCCN
2484:ISBN
2062:ISBN
2040:2011
1811:, a
1224:and
1160:Play
1130:and
882:rook
4125:CCC
3341:Pin
3145:PGN
1156:).
1122:),
1107:by
1099:by
1091:by
114:).
103:or
5439::
4510:,
2505:.
2501:.
2452:.
2428:.
2364:.
2304:.
2280:.
2256:.
2245:^
2229:.
2204:.
2179:.
2150:.
2121:.
2097:.
1998:.
1974:.
1957:.
1947:.
1923:.
1908:^
1805:.
1279:.
1265:AI
1255:,
1251:,
1247:,
1243:,
1212:,
1126:,
1111:.
1095:,
1057:.
711:h
708:g
705:f
702:e
699:d
696:c
693:b
690:a
678:1
619:1
614:2
555:2
550:3
491:3
486:4
427:4
422:5
363:5
358:6
299:6
294:7
235:7
230:8
171:8
159:h
156:g
153:f
150:e
147:d
144:c
141:b
138:a
64:,
60:,
54:,
31:A
23:A
4534:)
4530:(
4514:)
4506:(
4412:)
4408:(
4398:e
4391:t
4384:v
3680:/
2612:e
2605:t
2598:v
2584:.
2557:.
2535:.
2513:.
2492:.
2463:.
2438:.
2413:.
2395:.
2389::
2374:.
2339:.
2327:.
2314:.
2290:.
2266:.
2239:.
2214:.
2189:.
2165:.
2136:.
2107:.
2070:.
2042:.
2008:.
1984:.
1933:.
1698:f
1695:e
1692:d
1689:c
1686:b
1683:a
1676:1
1631:1
1626:2
1581:2
1576:3
1531:3
1526:4
1481:4
1476:5
1431:5
1426:6
1381:6
1372:f
1369:e
1366:d
1363:c
1360:b
1357:a
1152:(
1144:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
