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1488:) elected from the Biała Podlaska/Chełm/Zamość constituency (2006) included: Badach Tadeusz (SLD-UP), Bratkowski Arkadiusz (PSL), Byra Jan (SLD-UP), Janowski Zbigniew (SLD-UP), Kwiatkowski Marian (Samoobrona), Lewczuk Henryk (LPR), Michalski Jerzy (Samoobrona), Nikolski Lech (SLD-UP), Skomra Szczepan (SLD-UP), Stanibuła Ryszard (PSL), Stefaniuk Franciszek (PSL), Żmijan Stanisław (PO) and Matuszczak Zbigniew (SLD).
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station. Most were sent to
Sobibor. Those in hiding were hunted, and the SS burned several ghetto buildings and killed many people who emerged from hiding. Some Jews remained in the ghetto as laborers, but they too were murdered in January 1943. There were only an estimated 60 Jews from Chełm who survived
1045:
where they were immediately murdered. In August, 3000 to 4000 more were sent, including most of the children in the ghetto. In
October, the SS and their Ukrainian auxiliaries rounded up and deported another 2000 to 3000 Jews to Sobibor. In November, the remaining Jews were marched to the railway
1263:
style of argumentation, and continue the dialogue between rabbinic texts and their manifestation in the daily arena. The seemingly tangential questioning that is typical of the Chełm Jewish
Council can be interpreted as a comedic hint at the vastness of Talmudic literature. The combination of
967:. Hundreds were murdered on the march, others were tortured and beaten. They were marched to the Soviet border where they were forced to cross the river under gunfire. Eventually perhaps 400 of the men survived the Death March and 1600 were slaughtered.
959:. At the beginning of the war, Chełm's population was around 33,000 of which 15,000 were Jewish. On Friday, 1 December 1939, at 8 o'clock, around 2000 Jewish men were driven at dawn to the market-square ("Okrąglak" or "Rynek") surrounded by the German
748:
became famous, but the city declined in the 17th century due to the wars which ravaged Poland. In the 18th century, the situation in eastern Poland stabilized and the town started to slowly recover from the damages suffered during the
580:) was created and initially served as a centre of pagan worship. The etymology of the name is unclear, though most scholars derive it from the Proto-Slavic noun denoting a flat hill. The town's centre is located on a hill called
1496:
The flag of Chełm is a rectangle with 2:3 proportions, divided into two parallel, horizontal stripes of the same width (upper – white, lower – green). On the upper strip, in the center, there is the coat of arms of Chełm.
438:
896:, disarmed Austrian soldiers and liberated the city from Austrian rule, nine days before Poland officially regained independence. Chełm was one of the first liberated Polish cities of the former
660:
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in the nearby Kumowa Valley in 1940. In late 1940, Jews were confined to a small portion of Chełm, living in very overcrowded conditions, up to several dozen a room. Jews were conscripted for
1198:
1756:
1194:
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601:
518:
The city is of mostly industrial character, though it also features numerous notable historical monuments and tourist attractions in the Old Town. Chełm is a multiple (former)
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by the
Mongols in 1240–1241. Daniel also built a new castle atop the hill in 1237, one of the few Ruthenian castles that withstood Mongol attacks, and established an Orthodox
2609:
1293:
found a population of 23,221, with 12,064 Jews, 9,492 Roman
Catholics (Poles), 1,369 Orthodox Christians (Ukrainian, Ruthenians and Belarusians) and 207 Lutherans (Germans).
1255:(David R. Godine, 1978) treats the wise men of the Jewish Chełm as scholars who are knowledgeable but lacking sense. Some Chełm stories emulate the interpretive process of
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737:
995:
1431:
94:
710:
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1983:
829:, which made the Russian soldiers a significant part of the population. The period of decline ended in 1866, when the town was connected to a new
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1100:. The city and its environs allegedly witnessed revenge killings as well, between Ukrainians and its Polish self-defence. As noted by historians
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and other Allied POWs. A total of some 200,000 POWs passed through the camp, and some 90,000 died there. In May 1944, the camp was relocated to
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paralleled argumentation and linguistic commonality allows the Jewish textual tradition, namely
Talmudic, to shine through Chełm folklore.
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were built near the forced labor camps. Their purpose was to murder all Polish Jews. In May 1942, 1000 elderly Chełm Jews were sent to the
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757:. It attracted a number of new settlers from all parts of Poland, including people of Catholic, Orthodox, and Jewish faiths. In 1794, the
528:
2856:
584:. However, it is also theorized that the name is derived from some Celtic root. In 981 the town, then inhabited by the Slavic tribe of
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occupation. On 3 May 1918, Chełm was the site of a large Polish manifestation, as over 15,000 Poles gathered to celebrate the Polish
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63:
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817:. The town entered a period of decline as the local administrative and religious offices (including the bishopric) were moved to
2713:
2090:
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1085:. The monument commemorating the victims of Stalag 319 was unveiled in Chełm in May 2009 in the presence of foreign diplomats.
990:, while some were murdered in the region. The local Polish mayor was murdered in a massacre of over 115 Poles committed by the
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In
January 1940, the Germans murdered 440 patients of the local psychiatric hospital, including 17 children, as part of the
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The first traces of settlement in the area of modern Chełm date back to at the least 9th century. The following century, a
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1054:. However, as many as 400 others who fled to the east at the beginning of the war returned to Chełm but quickly moved on.
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to the
Russian Orthodox Church. In the late 19th century, the local administrative offices were restored and in 1912 a
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491:) is a city in southeastern Poland with 60,231 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is located to the south-east of
1438:, located underneath the city, a unique structure in Europe and the world. The town's main historic square is the
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in German), Some of the camps were connected to the main railroad line through a 40 km (25 mi) railroad
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of Poland. The Polish 1st
Cavalry Regiment was established in Chełm, which soon liberated the nearby towns of
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district. Locals from neighboring villages and towns of Chełm also were forced to work in these camps. (also
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1442:(Łuczkowski Square), which is filled with colourful historic townhouses and contains a preserved old well.
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In
September 1939, at the onset of World War II, Jews constituted 60% (18,000) of the city's inhabitants.
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Berkenstat Freund, Gloria and Ben-Tzion Bruker, Lazar Kahan, Y. Herc, Yitzhak Groskop, J. Grinszpan.
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888:) visited the city, greeted by the local Polish population. On 2 November 1918, local members of the
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The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV
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in 1790, it was suppressed in 1805, but since 2005 Chełm is nominally restored and listed by the
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who wrote stories in verse. Notable adaptations of the Chełm Jewish folklore include the comedy
655:, with vast internal autonomy and the town saw an influx of Polish and other Catholic settlers.
2783:
2560:
1116:, issued an order to fabricate proofs of Polish responsibility for war crimes committed there.
1097:
917:
877:
781:, the town was yet again sacked by the invading armies. The following year, as a result of the
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31:
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This article is about the city in Lublin Voivodeship. For other places with the same name, see
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Memorial Books of Eastern European Jewry: Essays on the History and Meanings of Yizker Volumes
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of the Kingdom of Poland. The city prospered in the 15th and 16th centuries. It was then that
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2629:"Here Their Stories Will Be Told..." The Valley of the Communities at Yad Vashem, Chełm
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bishopric was liquidated by the Russian authorities and all of the local Uniates were
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in 1018, the region returned to Poland before it fell back to Kievan rule in 1031.
472:
3101:
2793:
2197:. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 310.
1427:
The main landmarks and tourist attractions of the city are Góra Chełmska with the
955:. As early as 7–9 October 1939 the city was occupied by German forces and renamed
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formations and local indigenous officials. They were forced on a death march to
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2486:. Vol. 14 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. pp. 182–185.
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589:
282:
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2451:. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. pp. 588–589.
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2069:. Bloomington, Indiana: University of Indiana Press. p. Volume II 623.
964:
905:
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2510:
United States of America: University of California Press, 1990. 112. Print.
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By the end of World War II, only a remnant of Chełm's Jewish population of
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2394:
Rogovin, Or (2009). "Chelm as Shtetl: Y. Y. Trunk's Khelemer Khakhomim".
1877:
1771:"Historia miejscowości – Informacje o mieście – Chełm – Wirtualny Sztetl"
1540:
1244:
1171:
1019:
909:
865:
496:
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2255:
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army.
1476:
3556:
3399:
2632:
1592:
683:
3334:
3205:
3045:
2921:
2618:
2306:
Heroes and villains: creating national history in contemporary Ukraine
2169:. Bloomington, Indiana: University of Indiana Press. pp. 72, 79.
1088:
From 1942 through to 1945, Chełm was one of numerous locations of the
901:
868:, in 1915 most of the Ukrainian and Russian minority was evacuated to
536:. In the third quarter of the 13th century, it was the capital of the
3523:
3518:
3488:
3367:
3062:
2977:
2532:
2370:
Redrawing nations: ethnic cleansing in East-Central Europe, 1944–1948
1689:
1655:
1283:
1034:
986:, who were then imprisoned in Lublin, and then often deported to the
972:
830:
651:. On 4 January 1392, the town was relocated and granted rights under
519:
344:
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in the city was established the Ukrainian enlightenment society of
826:
706:
540:. Chełm was once a multicultural and religious centre populated by
3177:
3054:
3599:
3345:
3286:
3237:
3086:
3078:
2193:
Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022).
1667:
1647:
1635:
1626:
1256:
1184:(published in English translation in 1973), and the Yiddish poet
1175:
1093:
991:
624:
585:
504:
3373:
3299:
3684:
3579:
3568:
3471:
3422:
3385:
3230:
3124:
3094:
3070:
3023:
2986:
2881:
2687:
2669:
2257:
Institute of Ukrainian History, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
1882:
Encyclopedia Judaica 1972, Keter Publishing House Jerusalem Ltd
1642:
1260:
1143:
1007:
834:
818:
620:
492:
370:
349:
221:
3405:
2623:
2024:
Berkenstat Freund, Gloria, Irene Szajewicz and Gitl Libhober.
1278:
761:
was established. Chełm was one of the first towns to join the
647:
of Poland took control of the region after his victory in the
3654:
The list includes the 107 urban municipalities governed by a
3642:
3594:
3427:
3323:
3305:
3147:
3139:
3108:
3037:
2091:"440 krzewów dla uczczenia pamięci pomordowanych w 1940 roku"
1631:
2309:. Budapest: Central European University Press. p. 210.
1061:
Memorial dedicated to the victims of the Stalag 319 POW camp
856:
1485:
951:
Chełm, but withdrew two weeks later in accordance with the
912:, Chełm was a county seat, administratively located in the
636:
635:
and then as part of the short-lived Princedom of Chełm and
553:
2437:
Krakowski, Stefan; Kalish, Aryeh-Leib (2007). "Chelm". In
1573:(1919–1993), Sobibor uprising survivor and Jewish partisan
600:
built the first stone castle there in 1001. Following the
2253:
Chapter 5, pp. 264–266, in the Ukrainian language. From:
1253:"Chelmaxioms : The Maxims, Axioms, Maxioms of Chelm"
2593:
1108:, the subject is highly controversial, because in 1944,
721:, and is now the Archdiocese of Lublin and Chełm of the
631:. Until the 14th century, the town developed as part of
2251:Розділ 5. Бойові дії ОУН і УПА на антипольському фроиі.
1705:: Jewish citizens of Chelm had a bad reputation IQ-wise
960:
728:
The town was the capital of a historical region of the
458:
2430:
2274:
1999:"The Beginning and the History of a Yiddish Community"
415:
2116:
Gałan, Alina (2003). ""Akcja AB" na Lubelszczyźnie".
503:, some 25 kilometres (16 miles) from the border with
486:
2192:
2668:
1904:"The Jews of Chełm & Escape from Borek Forest"
1166:thanks to Jewish storytellers and writers such as
3848:
2329:
2222:
1299:
1050:. Some survivors managed to find shelter in the
2436:
2339:. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie. p. 228.
2269:Zapomnijcie o Giedroyciu: Polacy, Ukraińcy, IPN
1908:Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team
1549:(1866–1934), Ukrainian historian and politician
682:was created in 1359, but its seat was moved to
2372:. Oxford: Rowman & Littfield. p. 174.
2243:
1929:Bakalczuk-Felin, Meilech and Moshe M. Shavit.
1607:List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland
3700:
2850:
2654:
2351:Sprawa dotyczyła wsi wymordowanych przez UPA.
2023:
1955:
1611:
1119:
717:, but in 1867 it became part of the imperial
2387:
2050:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1982:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1728:
1726:
1724:
2496:– via Gale Virtual Reference Library.
2461:– via Gale Virtual Reference Library.
2260:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2164:
1928:
1922:
1073:in Chełm, in which they imprisoned Soviet,
944:, on 27 September 1939 the invading Soviet
532:, a hill, in reference to the Wysoka Górka
3707:
3693:
2857:
2843:
2661:
2647:
2367:
2017:
1990:
1949:
1600:
982:, the Germans carried out mass arrests of
2586:Chełm official English-language home page
1801:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966–1945
1721:
2472:Herr, Moshe David (2007). "Midrash". In
2383:"The Myth of Chełm in Jewish Literature"
2211:
2064:
1794:
1792:
1516:(1715/16–1781), notable rabbinic scholar
1484:Most influential Members of Parliament (
1475:
1432:Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary
1416:
1277:
1123:
1056:
927:
855:
711:Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Chełm–Bełz
668:Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary
659:
629:Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary
95:Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary
2393:
2302:
2296:
2188:
2186:
1870:
1454:– Polish football club, playing in the
1412:
1162:. Chełm became well-known as a butt of
1069:the Germans established the Stalag 319
998:near Chełm and in other locations. The
884:Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (future
701:The Eastern Orthodox bishopric entered
556:. The population was homogenized after
34:. For the legendary city of fools, see
14:
3862:Cities and towns in Lublin Voivodeship
3849:
2356:
1896:
1567:(1882–1972), feminist and labor leader
1463:– women basketball team, 7th place in
1223:, published in English translation as
892:and students of local schools, led by
507:. Chełm used to be the capital of the
3688:
2838:
2642:
2115:
1997:Meltzer, Rae and Dr. Philip Frydman.
1846:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1789:
1579:(1896–1988), aircraft engine designer
430:
302:35.28 km (13.62 sq mi)
3887:Populated riverside places in Poland
2864:
2471:
2336:Od rzezi wołyńskiej do Akcji "Wisła"
2183:
2120:(in Polish). No. 12-1 (35–36).
2118:Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej
2026:"Witness Testimony by Gitl Libhober"
1958:"The Slaughter of the Jews in Chelm"
1555:(1926–1988), cybernetic art sculptor
1181:The Fools of Chelm and Their History
792:
773:were defeated by the Russians under
2624:Organization for Chelmers in Israel
2545:
2368:Ther, Philipp; Siljak, Ana (2001).
2249:Ihor Ilyushin (11 September 2009),
1996:
1910:. HolocaustResearchProject.org 2008
805:, the town was briefly part of the
769:of 8 June 1794, the forces of Gen.
476:
43:Place in Lublin Voivodeship, Poland
24:
1835:
1746:Data for territorial unit 0662011.
1522:(born 1981), singer and songwriter
619:in 1241–1272 after destruction of
27:City in Lublin Voivodeship, Poland
25:
3898:
2579:
2364:"Overcoming Ukrainian Resistance"
2067:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos
1824:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013
1510:(1550–1583), notable Jewish rabbi
1500:
1289:After Poland's independence, the
1142:18,000 survived. They managed to
732:, administratively a part of the
588:, was annexed from Poland by the
3738:
3714:
2712:
2282:"Orthodox New Martyrs canonized"
2003:The History of the Jews in Chelm
1935:The History of the Jews in Chelm
1884:. Chelmer Organization of Israel
1679:
1666:
1654:
1641:
1625:
1595:(born 1942), social psychologist
1543:(1928–2020), classical violinist
1403:
1402:
1390:
1389:
1377:
1376:
1364:
1363:
1351:
1350:
1338:
1337:
1323:
1322:
988:Sachsenhausen concentration camp
872:and Russia. The city fell under
860:Early 20th-century view of Chełm
845:was created. During the Russian
234:
214:
153:
146:
123:
111:
80:
69:
62:
2526:
2513:
2500:
2465:
2376:
2323:
2231:. Dziennik Wschodni. Archive.is
2223:Jacek Barczyński (8 May 2009).
2158:
2145:
2136:
2109:
2083:
2058:
1273:
936:During the joint German-Soviet
923:
821:. In the mid-19th century, the
596:. According to a local legend,
3882:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia
1815:
1763:
1749:
914:Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939)
825:turned the town into a strong
801:in 1809, in the effect of the
13:
1:
3877:Holocaust locations in Poland
3829:Seat (not part of the county)
2607:Essay on the history of Chełm
1858:(in Polish). 10 November 2018
1852:"To był dla Chełma dobry rok"
1709:
1300:Number of inhabitants by year
1239:, 1965), as well as the book
1211:("The Wise Men of Chelm") by
1139:
953:German-Soviet Frontier Treaty
592:, along with the surrounding
154:
3674:· Voivodeship cities are in
2523:. McFarland. 2011. pp. 73–74
2165:Dobroszycki, Lucjan (2012).
2155:. 15 June 2006. ARC Website.
2097:(in Polish). 24 October 2017
2095:Radio BonTon Chełm 104.90 FM
1561:(born 1930), Israeli chemist
1092:of Poles by death squads of
890:Polish Military Organisation
709:in the late 16th century as
511:until it became part of the
7:
3662:) instead of a town mayor (
2557:Sister Cities International
2065:Megargee, Geoffrey (2012).
1696:
1537:(born 1974), state official
1471:
1039:Sobibór extermination camps
976:. In June 1940, during the
633:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
546:Eastern Orthodox Christians
538:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
487:
459:
339:1,707/km (4,420/sq mi)
10:
3903:
2303:Marples, David R. (2007).
2284:. The Byzantine Forum 2013
2167:Survivors of the Holocaust
1878:"Communal History – Chelm"
1612:Twin towns – Sister cities
1604:
1514:Solomon ben Moses of Chelm
1508:Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chełm
1491:
1266:
1131:
1120:Chełm in Jewish literature
1043:Sobibór extermination camp
785:, the town was annexed by
746:Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chelm
627:(diocese) centered at the
563:
522:. Its name comes from the
29:
3867:Cities with powiat rights
3828:
3747:
3736:
3722:
3668:Cities with powiat rights
3652:
3504:
3222:
3015:
2950:
2912:
2892:
2872:
2721:
2710:
2680:
2416:10.2979/pft.2009.29.2.242
2408:10.2979/pft.2009.29.2.242
1445:
1328:
1174:-winning novelist in the
932:Former synagogue building
783:Third Partition of Poland
615:and moved the capital of
448:
411:
401:
391:
381:
360:
343:
335:
327:
322:
314:
306:
298:
293:
278:
273:
265:
257:
247:
227:
207:
172:
141:
137:
107:
55:
48:
3790:Gmina Rejowiec Fabryczny
2032:. 2013 by JewishGen, Inc
2005:. 2013 by JewishGen, Inc
1964:. 2013 by JewishGen, Inc
1822:Annuario Pontificio 2013
1465:Sharp Torell Basket Liga
1128:Jewish cemetery in Chełm
765:later that year. In the
310:153 m (502 ft)
3872:City counties of Poland
3351:Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski
2151:Aktion Reinhard Camps.
1601:International relations
1282:Wysoka Górka, medieval
1029:, the highly secretive
719:Russian Orthodox Church
688:Diocese of Chełm–Lublin
686:after 1480. Renamed as
318:80 m (260 ft)
279: • City mayor
2542:with relevant pop-ups.
2508:The Meaning of Yiddish
1856:Super Tydzień Chełmski
1481:
1424:
1286:
1129:
1098:Ukrainian nationalists
1062:
1022:to the killing camps.
933:
918:Second Polish Republic
878:3 May Constitution Day
861:
813:of 1815 awarded it to
738:Lesser Poland Province
723:Polish Orthodox Church
670:
602:Polish capture of Kiev
468:
307:Highest elevation
32:Chelm (disambiguation)
2612:30 April 2008 at the
2483:Encyclopaedia Judaica
2448:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1520:Anna "Ania" Dąbrowska
1479:
1420:
1291:Polish census of 1921
1281:
1233:More Wise Men of Helm
1168:Isaac Bashevis Singer
1132:Further information:
1127:
1060:
931:
894:Gustaw Orlicz-Dreszer
880:. In September 1918,
859:
763:Kościuszko's Uprising
734:Ruthenian Voivodeship
663:
649:Galicia–Volhynia Wars
645:Casimir III the Great
362: • Summer (
315:Lowest elevation
192:51.13222°N 23.47778°E
3357:Siemianowice Śląskie
3313:Piotrków Trybunalski
2619:Chełm in photography
2538:27 June 2006 at the
2153:Sobibor Labour Camps
2030:DESTRUCTION OF CHELM
1962:Destruction of Chelm
1413:Sights and landmarks
1225:The Wise Men of Helm
1178:language, who wrote
1106:Volodymyr Viatrovych
1071:prisoner-of-war camp
1067:Operation Barbarossa
755:Khmelnytsky uprising
534:fortified settlement
336: • Density
3411:Tomaszów Mazowiecki
3319:Ostrów Wielkopolski
3156:Gorzów Wielkopolski
2519:Rosemary Horowitz.
2506:Harshav, Benjamin.
1736:. Statistics Poland
1547:Mykhailo Hrushevsky
1467:in 2003/2004 season
1436:Chełm Chalk Tunnels
1422:Chełm Chalk Tunnels
1217:The Heroes of Chelm
1090:Volhynian massacres
1065:Following the 1941
1052:Chełm Chalk Tunnels
803:Polish–Austrian War
611:granted the town a
188: /
101:, Łuczkowski Square
99:Chełm Chalk Tunnels
3730:Rejowiec Fabryczny
3585:Skarżysko-Kamienna
2674:Lublin Voivodeship
2474:Berenbaum, Michael
2439:Berenbaum, Michael
1703:Jewish humor#Chelm
1482:
1440:Plac Łuczkowskiego
1425:
1287:
1144:emigrate to Israel
1130:
1063:
1027:Operation Reinhard
1004:forced labor camps
938:invasion of Poland
934:
862:
847:revolution of 1905
839:forcibly converted
811:Congress of Vienna
742:The Golem of Chełm
671:
598:Vladimir the Great
513:Lublin Voivodeship
328: • Total
299: • Total
197:51.13222; 23.47778
3844:
3843:
3805:Gmina Siedliszcze
3682:
3681:
3546:Starogard Gdański
2832:
2831:
2563:on 8 January 2015
2493:978-0-02-866097-4
2458:978-0-02-866097-4
2346:978-83-08-04576-3
2266:Grzegorz Motyka,
2225:"Obóz Stalag 319"
2204:978-0-253-06089-1
2176:978-1-56324-463-6
2076:978-0-253-35599-7
1830:978-88-209-9070-1
1810:978-0-313-03456-5
1734:"Local Data Bank"
1565:Rose Schneiderman
1553:Edward Ihnatowicz
1526:Daniel of Galicia
1410:
1409:
1241:Chelmer Khakhomim
1209:Chelmer Khakhomim
1134:Wise Men of Chelm
898:Russian Partition
882:apostolic visitor
793:Age of partitions
759:Chełm Voivodeship
696:titular bishopric
643:). In 1366, king
609:Daniel of Galicia
509:Chełm Voivodeship
485:
457:
421:
420:
102:
36:Wise Men of Chelm
16:(Redirected from
3894:
3815:Gmina Wojsławice
3780:Gmina Leśniowice
3742:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3686:
3685:
3660:prezydent miasta
3541:Wodzisław Śląski
3433:Kędzierzyn-Koźle
3266:Jastrzębie-Zdrój
3171:Dąbrowa Górnicza
2866:Cities of Poland
2859:
2852:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2716:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2640:
2639:
2600:
2592:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2559:. Archived from
2553:"City Directory"
2549:
2543:
2530:
2524:
2517:
2511:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2391:
2385:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2331:Motyka, Grzegorz
2327:
2321:
2320:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2278:
2272:
2264:
2258:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2229:Media Regionalne
2220:
2209:
2208:
2190:
2181:
2180:
2162:
2156:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1981:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1937:. JewishGen, Inc
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1848:
1833:
1819:
1813:
1796:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1753:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1730:
1684:
1683:
1671:
1670:
1661:Utena, Lithuania
1659:
1658:
1646:
1645:
1630:
1629:
1583:Szmul Zygielbojm
1577:Józef Szydłowski
1530:King of Ruthenia
1480:Municipal office
1452:Chełmianka Chełm
1406:
1405:
1393:
1392:
1380:
1379:
1367:
1366:
1354:
1353:
1341:
1340:
1326:
1325:
1304:
1303:
1249:Allen Mandelbaum
1206:
1141:
1110:Roman Shukhevych
1025:In 1942, during
940:, which started
713:, retaining its
680:Diocese of Chełm
579:
490:
480:
478:
462:
452:
450:
442:
441:
440:
434:
429:
386:22-100 to 22-118
367:
240:
238:
237:
220:
218:
217:
203:
202:
200:
199:
198:
193:
189:
186:
185:
184:
181:
157:
156:
150:
127:
115:
92:
84:
73:
66:
46:
45:
21:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3847:
3846:
3845:
3840:
3824:
3810:Gmina Wierzbica
3795:Gmina Ruda-Huta
3755:Gmina Białopole
3743:
3734:
3718:
3713:
3683:
3678:
3648:
3500:
3478:Piekary Śląskie
3218:
3011:
2946:
2908:
2888:
2868:
2863:
2833:
2828:
2799:Radzyń Podlaski
2784:Opole Lubelskie
2717:
2708:
2676:
2667:
2614:Wayback Machine
2598:
2590:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2566:
2564:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2540:Wayback Machine
2531:
2527:
2518:
2514:
2505:
2501:
2494:
2470:
2466:
2459:
2435:
2431:
2392:
2388:
2381:
2377:
2362:Jasiak, Marek.
2361:
2357:
2347:
2328:
2324:
2317:
2301:
2297:
2287:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2265:
2261:
2248:
2244:
2234:
2232:
2221:
2212:
2205:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2163:
2159:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2114:
2110:
2100:
2098:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2063:
2059:
2043:
2042:
2035:
2033:
2022:
2018:
2008:
2006:
1995:
1991:
1975:
1974:
1967:
1965:
1954:
1950:
1940:
1938:
1927:
1923:
1913:
1911:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1887:
1885:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1861:
1859:
1850:
1849:
1836:
1820:
1816:
1804:(ABC CLIO 1996
1799:Halina Lerski,
1797:
1790:
1780:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1757:"Invalid query"
1755:
1754:
1750:
1739:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1722:
1712:
1699:
1678:
1665:
1653:
1640:
1624:
1614:
1609:
1603:
1598:
1559:Renata Reisfeld
1503:
1494:
1474:
1448:
1415:
1302:
1276:
1271:
1188:
1136:
1122:
1102:Grzegorz Motyka
1002:established 16
926:
870:Sloboda Ukraine
833:. In 1875, the
815:Imperial Russia
809:. However, the
807:Duchy of Warsaw
799:Napoleonic Wars
795:
767:Battle of Chełm
692:Catholic Church
673:
672:
573:
566:
436:
435:
427:
387:
361:
235:
233:
215:
213:
196:
194:
190:
187:
182:
179:
177:
175:
174:
168:
167:
166:
165:
164:
163:
162:
158:
133:
132:
131:
130:
121:
120:
103:
93:Left to right:
90:
89:
88:
87:
86:
85:
76:
75:
74:
67:
51:
44:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3900:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3785:Gmina Rejowiec
3782:
3777:
3772:
3770:Gmina Dubienka
3767:
3765:Gmina Dorohusk
3762:
3757:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3712:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3689:
3680:
3679:
3653:
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3649:
3647:
3646:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
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3614:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3565:
3560:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3513:Świętochłowice
3508:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3451:Biała Podlaska
3447:
3442:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3382:
3377:
3370:
3365:
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3348:
3343:
3338:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3160:
3151:
3144:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3082:
3075:
3066:
3059:
3050:
3041:
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3027:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3000:
2991:
2982:
2973:
2964:
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2948:
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2907:
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2896:
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2886:
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2874:
2870:
2869:
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2861:
2854:
2847:
2839:
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2827:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2749:Janów Lubelski
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2694:Biała Podlaska
2691:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2666:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2604:
2596:
2588:
2581:
2580:External links
2578:
2575:
2574:
2544:
2533:Link in Polish
2525:
2512:
2499:
2492:
2464:
2457:
2429:
2402:(2): 242–272.
2386:
2375:
2355:
2345:
2322:
2315:
2295:
2273:
2259:
2242:
2210:
2203:
2182:
2175:
2157:
2144:
2135:
2124:. p. 53.
2108:
2082:
2075:
2057:
2016:
1989:
1948:
1921:
1895:
1869:
1834:
1814:
1788:
1762:
1748:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1676:
1663:
1651:
1638:
1613:
1610:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1590:
1580:
1574:
1571:Joseph Serchuk
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1504:
1502:
1501:Notable people
1499:
1493:
1490:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1458:
1447:
1444:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1399:
1395:
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1386:
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1360:
1356:
1355:
1347:
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1342:
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1329:
1327:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1301:
1298:
1275:
1272:
1269:Golem of Chełm
1121:
1118:
1096:and groups of
925:
922:
843:local gubernia
794:
791:
775:Valerian Zubov
771:Józef Zajączek
751:Swedish Deluge
715:Byzantine Rite
658:
657:
570:fortified town
565:
562:
501:Biała Podlaska
432:[xɛwm]
419:
418:
413:
409:
408:
405:
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283:Jakub Banaszek
280:
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42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3834:
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3816:
3813:
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3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
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3791:
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3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3741:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3710:
3705:
3703:
3698:
3696:
3691:
3690:
3687:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
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3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
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3588:
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3583:
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3578:
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3573:
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3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3558:
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3527:
3525:
3522:
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3509:
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3503:
3497:
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3487:
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3479:
3475:
3473:
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3468:
3465:
3463:
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3441:
3440:
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3404:
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3119:
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3111:
3110:
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3102:Bielsko-Biała
3099:
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2722:Land counties
2720:
2715:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2681:City counties
2679:
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2516:
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2485:
2484:
2479:
2478:Skolnik, Fred
2475:
2468:
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2449:
2444:
2443:Skolnik, Fred
2440:
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2068:
2061:
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2047:
2031:
2027:
2020:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1985:
1979:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1936:
1932:
1925:
1909:
1905:
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1883:
1879:
1873:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1845:
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1839:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1818:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1793:
1776:
1775:sztetl.org.pl
1772:
1766:
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1628:
1623:
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1621:
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1608:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:(1895–1943),
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1535:Magdalena Gaj
1533:
1531:
1528:(1201-1264),
1527:
1524:
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1509:
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1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:Aaron Zeitlin
1210:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:Latin America
1153:
1149:
1148:United States
1145:
1135:
1126:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
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1076:
1072:
1068:
1059:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1048:the Holocaust
1044:
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1036:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
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985:
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975:
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828:
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790:
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780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
730:Land of Chełm
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
699:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
678:
669:
666:
662:
656:
654:
653:Magdeburg Law
650:
646:
642:
641:Duchy of Belz
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
605:
603:
599:
595:
594:Cherven Towns
591:
587:
583:
582:góra chełmska
578:
577:
571:
561:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
530:
525:
521:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
499:and south of
498:
494:
489:
483:
474:
470:
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461:
455:
446:
439:
433:
425:
417:
414:
410:
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297:
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268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
250:
246:
243:
232:
230:
226:
223:
212:
210:
206:
201:
173:Coordinates:
171:
149:
140:
136:
126:
119:
114:
106:
100:
96:
83:
72:
65:
54:
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3835:
3775:Gmina Kamień
3748:Rural gminas
3716:Chełm County
3675:
3671:
3663:
3659:
3641:
3609:
3605:Zduńska Wola
3567:
3555:
3536:Starachowice
3530:Skierniewice
3528:
3511:
3493:
3476:
3449:
3445:Stalowa Wola
3437:
3416:
3415:
3398:
3391:
3384:
3372:
3355:
3333:
3311:
3304:
3292:
3285:
3280:Jelenia Góra
3278:
3271:
3264:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3138:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3117:Zielona Góra
3115:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3085:
3084:
3077:
3069:
3068:
3061:
3053:
3052:
3044:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3003:
3002:
2994:
2993:
2985:
2984:
2976:
2975:
2967:
2966:
2958:
2957:
2938:
2937:
2929:
2928:
2920:
2919:
2900:
2899:
2880:
2879:
2698:
2602:Chełm Online
2565:. Retrieved
2561:the original
2547:
2528:
2520:
2515:
2507:
2502:
2481:
2467:
2446:
2432:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2378:
2369:
2358:
2350:
2335:
2325:
2305:
2298:
2286:. Retrieved
2276:
2268:
2262:
2254:
2245:
2233:. Retrieved
2228:
2194:
2166:
2160:
2152:
2147:
2142:Gałan, p. 54
2138:
2117:
2111:
2099:. Retrieved
2094:
2085:
2066:
2060:
2034:. Retrieved
2029:
2019:
2007:. Retrieved
2002:
1992:
1966:. Retrieved
1961:
1951:
1939:. Retrieved
1934:
1924:
1912:. Retrieved
1907:
1898:
1886:. Retrieved
1881:
1872:
1860:. Retrieved
1855:
1821:
1817:
1800:
1779:. Retrieved
1774:
1765:
1751:
1738:. Retrieved
1673:Sindelfingen
1615:
1495:
1483:
1439:
1426:
1295:
1288:
1274:Demographics
1252:
1240:
1232:
1231:, 1945) and
1224:
1221:Shlomo Simon
1216:
1208:
1179:
1164:Jewish humor
1160:South Africa
1137:
1112:, leader of
1087:
1083:Skierniewice
1064:
1024:
1015:
1011:
1000:German Reich
996:forced labor
977:
971:
969:
956:
942:World War II
935:
924:World War II
886:Pope Pius XI
863:
823:Russian Army
796:
727:
700:
677:Latin Church
674:
613:city charter
606:
581:
574:
567:
558:World War II
527:
524:Proto-Slavic
517:
423:
422:
416:www.chelm.pl
261:10th century
129:Coat of arms
40:
3820:Gmina Żmudź
3800:Gmina Sawin
3760:Gmina Chełm
3723:Urban gmina
3622:Bolesławiec
3611:Świnoujście
3132:Ruda Śląska
3031:Częstochowa
2599:(In Polish)
2591:(In Polish)
2101:14 February
1777:(in Polish)
1541:Ida Haendel
1310:Population
1245:Y. Y. Trunk
1189: [
1172:Nobel Prize
1077:, British,
1020:branch line
1006:in the new
910:interbellum
866:World War I
797:During the
707:see of Rome
590:Kievan Rus'
550:Protestants
495:, north of
382:Postal code
266:City rights
258:Established
253:City County
229:Voivodeship
195: /
3851:Categories
3656:city mayor
3557:Tarnobrzeg
3329:Inowrocław
2873:1,000,000+
2759:Krasnystaw
2744:Hrubieszów
2633:Yad Vashem
2396:Prooftexts
1781:2 February
1710:References
1605:See also:
1593:Icek Ajzen
1267:See also:
1219:(1942) by
1186:Ovsey Driz
1037:, and the
965:Hrubieszów
906:Hrubieszów
779:Boris Lacy
684:Krasnystaw
617:his domain
403:Car plates
323:Population
274:Government
183:23°28′40″E
180:51°07′56″N
3664:burmistrz
3590:Ciechanów
3563:Kołobrzeg
3524:Zawiercie
3519:Wejherowo
3495:Ostrołęka
3489:Legionowo
3457:Bełchatów
3368:Pabianice
3294:Mysłowice
3273:Nowy Sącz
3245:Grudziądz
3192:Włocławek
3185:Wałbrzych
3063:Sosnowiec
2996:Białystok
2978:Bydgoszcz
2690:(capital)
2594:eChełm.pl
2424:163047588
2235:10 August
2130:1641-9561
1931:"Preface"
1832:), p. 868
1740:17 August
1690:Tennessee
1686:Knoxville
1675:, Germany
1616:Chełm is
1461:AZS Chełm
1284:hill fort
1035:Treblinka
979:AB-Aktion
973:Aktion T4
908:. In the
744:by Rabbi
705:with the
703:communion
694:as Latin
607:In 1235,
542:Catholics
520:bishopric
515:in 1999.
482:romanized
454:romanized
445:Ukrainian
393:Area code
345:Time zone
287:OdNowa RP
3637:Oświęcim
3627:Nowa Sól
3617:Żyrardów
3575:Radomsko
3484:Racibórz
3462:Świdnica
3439:Przemyśl
3380:Pruszków
3341:Stargard
3252:Jaworzno
3213:Koszalin
3016:100,000+
3005:Katowice
2969:Szczecin
2951:250,000+
2913:500,000+
2893:750,000+
2814:Tomaszów
2769:Lubartów
2734:Biłgoraj
2670:Counties
2635:website.
2610:Archived
2567:25 March
2536:Archived
2480:(eds.).
2445:(eds.).
2333:(2011).
2046:cite web
1978:cite web
1812:), p. 63
1697:See also
1650:, France
1472:Politics
1456:III liga
1434:and the
1261:Talmudic
1259:and the
949:occupied
946:Red Army
874:Austrian
851:Prosvita
831:railroad
827:garrison
753:and the
3672:italics
3670:are in
3600:Sieradz
3505:35,000+
3346:Gniezno
3335:Suwałki
3287:Siedlce
3238:Legnica
3223:50,000+
3206:Chorzów
3087:Olsztyn
3079:Gliwice
3046:Rzeszów
2922:Wrocław
2819:Włodawa
2809:Świdnik
2789:Parczew
2754:Kraśnik
2288:14 July
2036:14 July
2009:14 July
1968:14 July
1941:14 July
1914:14 July
1888:14 July
1862:2 April
1648:Morlaix
1636:Ukraine
1618:twinned
1492:Symbols
1429:Baroque
1313:Source
1257:Midrash
1176:Yiddish
1114:OUN-UPA
1094:OUN-UPA
1079:Italian
992:Gestapo
916:of the
902:Włodawa
864:During
787:Austria
736:in the
665:Baroque
625:eparchy
586:Buzhans
564:History
505:Ukraine
484::
473:Yiddish
456::
428:Polish:
412:Website
397:+48 082
209:Country
3632:Knurów
3580:Otwock
3569:Krosno
3551:Puławy
3472:Zgierz
3467:Będzin
3423:Mielec
3393:Zamość
3386:Leszno
3363:Głogów
3259:Słupsk
3231:Kalisz
3199:Tarnów
3164:Elbląg
3125:Rybnik
3095:Zabrze
3071:Kielce
3024:Gdynia
2987:Lublin
2960:Gdańsk
2940:Poznań
2902:Kraków
2882:Warsaw
2824:Zamość
2794:Puławy
2774:Lublin
2764:Łęczna
2704:Zamość
2688:Lublin
2490:
2455:
2422:
2414:
2343:
2313:
2201:
2173:
2128:
2073:
1828:
1808:
1620:with:
1589:leader
1446:Sports
1401:60231
1388:61135
1375:64270
1362:66537
1349:68160
1336:69012
1321:69426
1158:, or
1152:Canada
1146:, the
1075:French
1031:Bełżec
1008:Lublin
835:Uniate
819:Lublin
621:Halych
497:Zamość
493:Lublin
465:German
331:60,231
249:County
242:Lublin
239:
222:Poland
219:
3857:Chełm
3836:Chełm
3643:Sopot
3595:Kutno
3428:Tczew
3417:Chełm
3400:Łomża
3324:Lubin
3306:Konin
3178:Płock
3148:Tychy
3140:Opole
3109:Bytom
3055:Toruń
3038:Radom
2779:Łuków
2739:Chełm
2729:Biała
2699:Chełm
2631:, at
2420:S2CID
2412:JSTOR
2366:, in
1715:Notes
1632:Kovel
1398:2021
1385:2020
1372:2015
1359:2010
1346:2005
1333:2000
1318:1995
1307:Year
1237:Simon
1229:Simon
1205:]
1012:Khelm
984:Poles
639:(see
529:xъlmъ
526:word
488:Khelm
469:Cholm
460:Kholm
424:Chełm
371:UTC+2
350:UTC+1
161:Chełm
50:Chełm
18:Chelm
3676:bold
3666:) ·
3374:Żory
3300:Piła
2931:Łódź
2804:Ryki
2569:2014
2488:ISBN
2453:ISBN
2341:ISBN
2311:ISBN
2290:2013
2237:2013
2199:ISBN
2171:ISBN
2126:ISSN
2103:2021
2071:ISBN
2052:link
2038:2013
2011:2013
1984:link
1970:2013
1943:2013
1916:2013
1890:2013
1864:2021
1826:ISBN
1806:ISBN
1783:2017
1742:2022
1692:, US
1587:Bund
1486:Sejm
1170:, a
1104:and
1016:Kulm
957:Kulm
904:and
777:and
675:The
637:Belz
576:gord
554:Jews
552:and
477:כעלם
449:Холм
375:CEST
294:Area
269:1235
118:Flag
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