164:
606:
521:. This was a crucial moment since it shows that the Charrúas were prepared to resist the Spanish invaders. Following the arrival of European settlers, the Charrúa, along with the Chana, strongly resisted the territorial invasion. In the 18th and 19th centuries the Charrúa were confronted by cattle exploitation that strongly altered their way of life, causing famine and forcing them to rely on cows and sheep. However, these were in that epoch increasingly privatized .
2050:
62:
499:
402:
44:
80:
482:. Though largely erased from modern histories, some communities of the Charrúa survived outside of Uruguay in Argentina and Brazil. It is believed that there are approximately between 160,000 and 300,000 individuals in Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil today who are descendants of surviving Charrúa. Contemporary descendants of the Charrúa have created organizations and advocate for the memory of the indigenous people.
548:
by the river, later named "Salsipuedes". He claimed that he needed their help to defend territory and that they should join him, however, once the Charrúas were drunk and off their guard, the
Uruguayan soldiers attacked them. The following two attacks were carried out to eliminate the Charrúas that had escaped or had not been present. It is said that since 11 April 1831, when the
491:
525:(raids) were resisted by settlers who freely shot any indigenous people who were in their way. Charrúas would move to the shore in summer to fish and gather clams, fruits, and roots and moved inland in winter to hunt deer, rheas, and smaller game with bolas (stones connected by short ropes that are thrown to ensnare prey) and bows and arrows.
475:). They were a semi-nomadic people who sustained themselves mainly through hunting and gathering. Since resources were not permanent in every region, they would constantly be on the move. Rain, drought, and other environmental factors determined their movement. For this reason they are often classified as seasonal nomads.
624:
Not much is known about the Charrúa due to their cognitive erasure at an early time in
Uruguayan history. The only surviving documents that concern the Charrúa are those of Spanish explorers, archaeologists, and anthropologists. A new body of literature is currently emerging about their oral history,
620:
In August 1989, the
Association of the Descendants of the Charrúa Nation (ADENCH, Asociación de Descendientes de la Nación Charrúa) was created to rescue, conserve, and promulgate the knowledge and presence of indigenous peoples in Uruguay. In 2005, another organisation was formed – CONACHA (Consejo
580:
in 1833, where they were exhibited to the public. The display was not a success and they all soon died in France, including a baby daughter born to Sira and
Guyunusa, and adopted by Tacuavé. The child was named María Mónica Micaëla Igualdad Libertad by the Charrúa, yet she was filed by the French as
547:
in 1831. This campaign was composed of three different attacks in three different places: "El Paso del Sauce del
Queguay", "El Salsipuedes", and a passage known as "La Cueva del Tigre". Legend has it that the first attack was a betrayal. Rivera knew the tribal leaders and called them to his barracks
1433:
592:
After
Salsipuedes, the Charrúa were gradually dispossessed of their sovereignty while the new state was affirming its jurisdiction over the whole territory. According to the Argentine census of 2001, there were 676 Charrúas living in the province of
1441:
559:
Four surviving Charrúas were captured at
Salsipuedes. The directory of the Oriental School of Montevideo thought a nearly extinct race would spark the interest of French scientists and the public. They were Senacua Sénaqué, a
543:. Although Rivera initially maintained a good relationship with the Charrúas, the increasing dominance of the white people and desires for expansion led to hostilities. He therefore organized a genocide campaign known as
506:
The life of the Charrúas before contact with the
Spanish Colonists remains to a large extent a mystery since most knowledge about the Charrúas comes from Spanish contact with them.
840:
704:" when in the context of a competition or battle against a foreign contingent. In situations in which Uruguayans display bravery in the face of overwhelming odds, the expression "
1000:
Historia de la conquista del
Paraguay, Rio de la Plata y Tucuman, Volumen 1, pág. 27. Autor: Pedro Lozano, 1755. Editor: Andrés Lamas. Casa Editora "Imprenta Popular", 1874
1533:
628:
It is believed that there are approximately between 160,000 and 300,000 individuals in
Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil today who are descendants of surviving Charrúa.
2036:
2720:
1259:
1418:
939:
2725:
1385:
2715:
818:
1526:
2411:
658:
and Sérgio Zambiasi congratulated the indigenous people for their "conquest and effort in a struggle that has lasted 172 years". The life of
1405:. V Jornadas de Jóvenes Investigadores. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires
430:
847:
2690:
1939:
198:
2406:
1519:
1457:
383:
350:
226:
2695:
1892:
1227:
188:
2705:
2527:
2028:
614:
345:
1134:
2700:
1237:
1109:
1931:
539:
The drastic demographic reduction of the Charrúas did not occur until the administration of the first president of Uruguay,
2350:
2203:
1926:
1248:
1279:
1163:"Tidos como extintos, índios charrua sobreviveram 'invisíveis' por décadas e hoje lutam por melhores condições de vida"
448:
193:
686:
2685:
2638:
2487:
2416:
2144:
1905:
621:
de la Nación Charrúa) – where families came out of clandestinity and publicly self-recognized themselves as Charrúa.
693:. This recognition would come in September, 2007. By 2008 the city of Porto Alegre would grant Aldeia Polidoro (a 9-
594:
991:
Alayón, Wilfredo (28 March 2011). "Uruguay and the memory of the Charrúa tribe". The Prisma. Retrieved 20 Dec 2011.
423:
1020:
340:
2436:
2160:
2097:
251:
2134:
1675:
1009:
Darío Arce. «Nuevos datos sobre el destino de Tacuavé y la hija de Guyunusa». Consultado el 1 de julio de 2013.
947:
729:
569:
163:
751:
2426:
1550:
794:
671:
373:
178:
1402:
Más allá de la relación entre Identidad-Alteridad. La particularidad latinoamericana y la función del Estado
2298:
2213:
1885:
1487:
640:
682:
2710:
2680:
2455:
2218:
2070:
1973:
648:
573:
416:
246:
143:
2592:
2517:
2467:
2303:
2129:
478:
The Charrúa people were massacred in a campaign in 1831 by the colonial forces in Uruguay known as the
307:
1344:
2355:
2257:
2149:
2139:
2109:
2102:
2075:
1260:"Querem matar os 'últimos Charruas': Sofrimento social e 'luta' dos indígenas que vivem nas cidades"
2386:
2340:
2267:
2002:
1695:
1583:
1505:
284:
20:
216:
2507:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2391:
2313:
2293:
2242:
1878:
644:
549:
534:
514:
479:
1542:
2502:
2381:
2308:
2092:
1968:
1839:
1746:
1603:
236:
464:
2497:
1829:
1819:
1814:
1804:
1690:
1680:
1648:
1295:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2522:
2441:
2247:
2237:
2208:
2193:
2058:
1834:
1809:
1799:
1763:
1720:
1660:
901:
872:
762:
722:
8:
2602:
2421:
2345:
2335:
2327:
2288:
2283:
2177:
1978:
1778:
1758:
1741:
1633:
1618:
679:
388:
378:
269:
2631:
2607:
2542:
2431:
2369:
2262:
2198:
2124:
2087:
2010:
1913:
1768:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1670:
1628:
1458:"Etnografía decolonial con colectivos charrúas: reflexionando sobre interconocimientos"
1325:
617:
in 1985, a group of people has been affirming and vindicating their Charrúan ancestry.
556:, nephew of Fructuoso Rivera, the Charrúas were then officially claimed to be extinct.
509:
Chroniclers such as the Jesuit Pedro Lozano accused the Charrúan people of killing the
317:
289:
152:
102:
742:"Charrua" is also the name of a Brazilian military tank used for troop transportation.
518:
2555:
2550:
2401:
1824:
1783:
1773:
1751:
1685:
1643:
1638:
1623:
1366:
1329:
1317:
1271:
1233:
663:
652:
632:
472:
647:
of the Câmara dos Vereadores of Porto Alegre and the Human Rights Commission of the
553:
130:
2654:
2612:
2597:
2587:
2532:
2512:
2119:
2114:
1715:
1665:
1655:
1483:
1356:
1307:
897:
540:
746:
605:
2645:
2492:
2154:
2049:
1736:
1312:
1162:
1046:
708:" (charrúan tenacity) is used to refer to victory in the face of certain defeat.
690:
666:
and the first female cacique of the Charruas, was the subject of the documentary
1568:
126:
2659:
2560:
2396:
2252:
1994:
1947:
1855:
1588:
1434:"EM BUSCA DA MEMÓRIA E DA IDENTIDADE: A RESISTÊNCIA DO POVO CHARRUA NO URUGUAI"
1361:
799:
781:
406:
279:
241:
183:
2674:
1986:
1578:
1370:
1321:
1275:
1084:
452:
312:
274:
718:
2582:
1952:
1250:
L'URUGUAY, UNE NATION D'EXTRÊME-OCCIDENT AU MIROIR DE SON HISTOIRE INDIENNE
733:
670:(Brazil, 2009), by Giancarla Brunnetto e Karine Emerich. Acuab, cacique of
636:
561:
221:
1386:"Uruguai. Espiritualmente ligados à Terra, Charruas querem reconhecimento"
1593:
675:
2080:
1960:
1400:
1343:
Pedroso, Anayara Fantinel; Brito, Antonio José Guimarães (2016-12-31).
739:
Charrua, is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul.
655:
586:
231:
1558:
2023:
1419:"O país sem índios. Entrevista com Nicolás Soto e Leonardo Rodríguez"
498:
460:
335:
67:
774:
2018:
1870:
1511:
1345:"Vidas do sul: Identidade, Direito e Resistência na América Latina"
758:
368:
1563:
1901:
1300:
Abya-yala: Revista sobre Acesso à Justiça e Direitos nas Américas
770:
694:
659:
565:
456:
114:
49:
1199:
468:
85:
1018:
1258:
Víctora, Ceres Gomes; Ruas-Neto, Antonio Leite (2012-08-31).
577:
510:
685:
a document that asked for the recognition of her people by
639:
held a Solemn Act to recognize the Charruas as an existing
1349:
Revista Latino-Americana de Estudos em Cultura e Sociedade
490:
921:
919:
841:"Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2010"
1180:
1065:
732:
is nicknamed "Los Charrúas" and a local rugby team in
1027:(in Spanish). Charrúas del Uruguay, La nación Charrúa
1465:
Anuario de Antropología Social y Cultural en Uruguay
1438:
XXX Reunião da Associação Brasileira de Antropologia
1135:"Documentário destaca luta da cacique charrua Acuab"
969:
967:
965:
916:
873:"Quadro Geral dos Povos - Povos Indígenas no Brasil"
697:
area) the status of municipal indigenous territory.
1110:"Câmara realiza ato de reconhecimento dos charruas"
550:
Salsipuedes (meaning "Get-out-if-you-can") campaign
962:
754:about a Charrúa and his love for a Spanish woman.
2672:
1482:
1257:
769:A street in Montevideo in the neighbourhoods of
689:. Acuab reached the President after evading his
662:-geral Acuab, the most notable Charrua chief of
2721:Genocide of indigenous peoples of South America
1019:Charrua Hapkido y Tkd Paysandu (May 21, 2012).
643:people. The event was jointly organized by the
1886:
1527:
940:"Uruguay and the memory of the Charrúa tribe"
784:is named "Brigada Charrua" (Charrua Brigade).
750:was published in 1888; it is an epic poem by
424:
1342:
896:
780:The 2nd Mechanized Cavalry Brigade from the
1432:Corte, Gomez; Gomeza, Jose Ignacio (2016).
1431:
581:Caroliné Tacouavé. A monumental sculpture,
58:
2726:Extinct Indigenous peoples of the Americas
1893:
1879:
1534:
1520:
431:
417:
1360:
1311:
1293:
384:Uruguayan constitutional referendum, 1996
351:Uruguayan constitutional referendum, 1980
40:
16:Amerindian ethnic group native to Uruguay
1508:, National Museum of the American Indian
625:contemporary ethnogenesis and activism.
604:
497:
489:
76:
2716:Indigenous peoples of the Southern Cone
1455:
1225:
1186:
1071:
925:
717:There is a Charrúa cemetery located in
346:Civic-military dictatorship (1973-1985)
2673:
937:
1874:
1515:
1157:
1155:
1900:
1541:
1246:
1047:"El Parto de María Micaëla Guyunusa"
1021:"El Parto de María Micaëla Guyunusa"
987:
985:
983:
674:Polidoro, is credited with going to
35:Regions with significant populations
1398:
700:Uruguayans refer to themselves as "
13:
2691:Indigenous culture of the Americas
1232:. Bucks, UK: Bradt Travel Guides.
1152:
938:Alayón, Wilfredo (28 March 2011).
846:(in Spanish). 2010. Archived from
14:
2737:
1476:
1416:
1089:consejonacioncharrua.blogspot.com
980:
2048:
1139:Câmara Municipal de Porto Alegre
1114:Câmara Municipal de Porto Alegre
400:
162:
78:
60:
42:
2696:Indigenous peoples in Argentina
1383:
1296:"DEVENIR CHARRÚA EN EL URUGUAY"
1294:Rodríguez, Mariela Eva (2018).
1192:
1127:
1102:
1077:
1039:
1012:
1003:
736:is also named after the nation.
552:was launched by a group led by
1253:. Editions l'Harmattan, Paris.
1229:The Bradt Travel Guide Uruguay
1085:"Consejo de la Nación Charrúa"
994:
931:
890:
865:
833:
811:
730:Uruguay national football team
517:during his 1515 voyage up the
1:
2706:Indigenous peoples in Uruguay
1219:
977:. Fundacion BankBoston, 2002.
902:"Aboriginal blood in Uruguay"
795:Indigenous peoples in Uruguay
711:
585:was built in their memory in
179:Indigenous peoples in Uruguay
2701:Indigenous peoples in Brazil
1493:(in Spanish). Nuestra Tierra
1313:10.26512/abyayala.v2i2.23004
904:(in Spanish). Raíces Uruguay
451:or Indigenous Nation of the
7:
2528:Water supply and sanitation
1974:Treaty of Montevideo (1828)
973:Acosta y Lara, Eduardo, F.
788:
752:Juan Zorrilla de San Martín
649:National Congress of Brazil
615:Uruguay's last dictatorship
528:
10:
2742:
1362:10.23899/relacult.v2i4.352
687:Fundação National do Índio
532:
485:
459:and the adjacent areas in
18:
2625:
2541:
2463:
2454:
2377:
2368:
2326:
2276:
2230:
2189:
2185:
2176:
2066:
2057:
2046:
2003:Revolution of the Lances
1912:
1848:
1792:
1729:
1611:
1602:
1549:
1169:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
1141:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
1116:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
1025:chancharrua.wordpress.com
879:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
678:and handing over to then-
600:
576:. All four were taken to
570:Laureano Tacuavé Martínez
545:La Campaña de Salsipuedes
125:
120:
113:
108:
101:
96:
39:
34:
2686:History of South America
1456:Olivera, Andrea (2014).
805:
631:On November 9, 2007 the
285:Revolution of the Lances
21:Charrua (disambiguation)
1264:Revista Anthropológicas
1200:"Prefeitura de Charrua"
645:Human Rights Commission
609:Charrúa people in 1833.
564:; Vaimaca-Pirú Sira, a
535:Massacre of Salsipuedes
480:Massacre of Salsipuedes
2407:Science and technology
1969:Thirty-Three Orientals
877:pib.socioambiental.org
610:
574:María Micaëla Guyunusa
568:; and a young couple,
503:
495:
237:Thirty-Three Orientals
211:Fight for Independence
189:Spanish-Portuguese War
1488:"El Uruguay indígena"
1226:Burford, Tim (2011).
1204:www.charrua.rs.gov.br
766:was named after them.
633:Câmara dos Vereadores
613:Following the end of
608:
595:Entre Ríos, Argentina
501:
493:
217:José Gervasio Artigas
121:Related ethnic groups
1961:Cisplatina province
1927:Spanish colonization
1440:: 21. Archived from
1247:Arce, Dario (2018).
819:"Uruguay en crigras"
763:Austrolebias charrua
723:Maldonado Department
583:Los Últimos Charrúas
502:Charrua distribution
374:Elections in Uruguay
252:Constitution of 1830
247:Treaty of Montevideo
19:For other uses, see
2011:Battle of Masoller
1856:Subsaharan Africans
777:is named "Charrúa".
389:Cannabis in Uruguay
379:Politics of Uruguay
227:Portuguese conquest
31:
2711:History of Uruguay
2681:Society of Uruguay
2427:Telecommunications
1940:British invasions
1399:Arn, Iván (2009).
1051:indiauy.tripod.com
651:. During the Act,
611:
515:Juan Díaz de Solís
504:
496:
494:A Charrúa warrior.
407:Uruguay portal
290:Battle of Masoller
103:Charruan languages
29:
2668:
2667:
2621:
2620:
2450:
2449:
2364:
2363:
2322:
2321:
2299:Human trafficking
2219:General Assembly
2214:Foreign relations
2204:Political parties
2172:
2171:
2031:(1973–1985)
2005:(1870–1872)
1997:(1864–1870)
1989:(1864–1865)
1981:(1839–1851)
1963:(1821–1828)
1955:(1815–1820)
1942:(1806–1807)
1934:(1776–1814)
1868:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1417:Lucas, Lara Ely.
1239:978-1-84162-316-0
664:Rio Grande do Sul
473:Rio Grande do Sul
449:Indigenous people
441:
440:
264:Independent State
199:British invasions
136:
135:
92:
74:
56:
2733:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2461:
2460:
2375:
2374:
2222:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2163:
2064:
2063:
2052:
2040:
2032:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1964:
1956:
1943:
1935:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1872:
1871:
1609:
1608:
1543:Uruguayan people
1536:
1529:
1522:
1513:
1512:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1492:
1484:Renzo Pi Hugarte
1472:
1462:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1364:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1315:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1278:. Archived from
1254:
1243:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1001:
998:
992:
989:
978:
971:
960:
959:
957:
955:
946:. Archived from
935:
929:
923:
914:
913:
911:
909:
898:Renzo Pi Hugarte
894:
888:
887:
885:
884:
869:
863:
862:
860:
858:
852:
845:
837:
831:
830:
828:
826:
815:
641:native Brazilian
541:Fructuoso Rivera
433:
426:
419:
405:
404:
403:
341:1973 coup d'etat
313:1933 coup d'etat
194:Treaty of Madrid
166:
156:
138:
137:
90:
88:
84:
82:
81:
72:
70:
66:
64:
63:
54:
52:
48:
46:
45:
32:
28:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2617:
2537:
2518:Public holidays
2446:
2412:State companies
2360:
2318:
2304:Law enforcement
2272:
2258:Nationality law
2226:
2220:
2168:
2159:
2053:
2044:
2038:
2030:
2012:
2004:
1996:
1995:Paraguayan War
1988:
1980:
1962:
1954:
1941:
1933:
1908:
1899:
1869:
1860:
1844:
1788:
1725:
1598:
1545:
1540:
1506:Charrúa artwork
1496:
1494:
1490:
1479:
1460:
1447:
1445:
1423:
1421:
1408:
1406:
1390:
1388:
1375:
1373:
1334:
1332:
1285:
1283:
1240:
1222:
1217:
1208:
1206:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1181:
1172:
1170:
1167:BBC News Brasil
1161:
1160:
1153:
1144:
1142:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1119:
1117:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1093:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1070:
1066:
1056:
1054:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1030:
1028:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
990:
981:
975:El Pais Charrua
972:
963:
953:
951:
936:
932:
924:
917:
907:
905:
895:
891:
882:
880:
871:
870:
866:
856:
854:
853:on 9 April 2016
850:
843:
839:
838:
834:
824:
822:
817:
816:
812:
808:
791:
714:
691:security detail
603:
537:
531:
519:Río de la Plata
488:
455:in present-day
437:
401:
399:
394:
393:
364:
356:
355:
331:
330:Military Regime
323:
322:
303:
295:
294:
265:
257:
256:
212:
204:
203:
174:
154:
147:
79:
77:
75:
61:
59:
57:
43:
41:
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2739:
2729:
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2500:
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2255:
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2245:
2240:
2234:
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2228:
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2225:
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2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2152:
2147:
2145:National parks
2142:
2140:Municipalities
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2110:Extreme points
2107:
2106:
2105:
2103:Climate change
2095:
2090:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2034:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1987:Uruguayan War
1984:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1958:
1950:
1948:Banda Oriental
1945:
1937:
1929:
1924:
1922:Charrúa people
1918:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1875:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1852:
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1846:
1845:
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1837:
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1673:
1668:
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1658:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1606:
1604:Non-Indigenous
1600:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1539:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1503:
1478:
1477:External links
1475:
1474:
1473:
1467:(in Spanish).
1453:
1429:
1414:
1396:
1381:
1355:(4): 556–575.
1340:
1306:(2): 408–420.
1291:
1255:
1244:
1238:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1191:
1189:, p. 173.
1179:
1151:
1126:
1101:
1076:
1074:, p. 119.
1064:
1038:
1011:
1002:
993:
979:
961:
950:on 14 May 2012
930:
915:
889:
864:
832:
809:
807:
804:
803:
802:
800:Minuane people
797:
790:
787:
786:
785:
782:Brazilian Army
778:
767:
755:
743:
740:
737:
726:
713:
710:
602:
599:
554:Bernabé Rivera
530:
527:
487:
484:
439:
438:
436:
435:
428:
421:
413:
410:
409:
396:
395:
392:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
365:
363:Modern Uruguay
362:
361:
358:
357:
354:
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348:
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338:
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329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
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287:
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280:Paraguayan War
277:
272:
266:
263:
262:
259:
258:
255:
254:
249:
244:
242:Cisplatine War
239:
234:
229:
224:
222:Federal League
219:
213:
210:
209:
206:
205:
202:
201:
196:
191:
186:
184:Banda Oriental
181:
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37:
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25:
15:
9:
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4:
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2488:Ethnic groups
2486:
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2476:
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2417:Stockbreeding
2415:
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2410:
2408:
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2403:
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2398:
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2385:
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2376:
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2334:
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2331:
2329:
2325:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2268:Supreme Court
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
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2223:
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2207:
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2192:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2162:
2158:
2157:
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2148:
2146:
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2141:
2138:
2136:
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2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2029:Dictatorship
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1959:
1957:
1953:Liga Federal
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
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1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1797:
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1791:
1785:
1782:
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1775:
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1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
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1728:
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1712:
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1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
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1684:
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1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
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1620:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1537:
1532:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1507:
1504:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1454:
1444:on 2019-05-06
1443:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1420:
1415:
1404:
1403:
1397:
1387:
1382:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1282:on 2019-05-05
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1205:
1201:
1195:
1188:
1183:
1168:
1164:
1158:
1156:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1073:
1068:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1006:
997:
988:
986:
984:
976:
970:
968:
966:
949:
945:
941:
934:
928:, p. 16.
927:
922:
920:
903:
899:
893:
878:
874:
868:
849:
842:
836:
820:
814:
810:
801:
798:
796:
793:
792:
783:
779:
776:
772:
768:
765:
764:
760:
756:
753:
749:
748:
744:
741:
738:
735:
731:
727:
724:
720:
716:
715:
709:
707:
706:garra charrúa
703:
698:
696:
692:
688:
684:
681:
677:
673:
669:
668:Perambulantes
665:
661:
657:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
629:
626:
622:
618:
616:
607:
598:
596:
590:
588:
584:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
557:
555:
551:
546:
542:
536:
526:
524:
520:
516:
512:
507:
500:
492:
483:
481:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
453:Southern Cone
450:
446:
434:
429:
427:
422:
420:
415:
414:
412:
411:
408:
398:
397:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
366:
360:
359:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
327:
326:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
305:
299:
298:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
275:Uruguayan War
273:
271:
268:
267:
261:
260:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
214:
208:
207:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
176:
173:Early History
170:
169:
165:
161:
160:
157:
151:
150:
145:
140:
139:
132:
128:
124:
119:
116:
112:
107:
104:
100:
95:
87:
69:
51:
38:
33:
22:
2646:Bibliography
2478:Demographics
2473:Coat of arms
2437:Trade unions
2392:Central Bank
2314:Prostitution
2294:Human rights
2289:Cannabis use
2277:Legal issues
2243:Constitution
2231:Legal system
2221:(parliament)
1932:Viceroyalty
1921:
1747:Palestinians
1573:
1495:. Retrieved
1468:
1464:
1446:. Retrieved
1442:the original
1437:
1422:. Retrieved
1407:. Retrieved
1401:
1389:. Retrieved
1374:. Retrieved
1352:
1348:
1333:. Retrieved
1303:
1299:
1284:. Retrieved
1280:the original
1267:
1263:
1249:
1228:
1207:. Retrieved
1203:
1194:
1187:Burford 2011
1182:
1171:. Retrieved
1166:
1143:. Retrieved
1138:
1129:
1118:. Retrieved
1113:
1104:
1092:. Retrieved
1088:
1079:
1072:Burford 2011
1067:
1055:. Retrieved
1053:(in Spanish)
1050:
1041:
1029:. Retrieved
1024:
1014:
1005:
996:
974:
952:. Retrieved
948:the original
943:
933:
926:Burford 2011
906:. Retrieved
892:
881:. Retrieved
876:
867:
855:. Retrieved
848:the original
835:
823:. Retrieved
821:(in Spanish)
813:
761:
745:
734:Porto Alegre
705:
701:
699:
667:
637:Porto Alegre
630:
627:
623:
619:
612:
591:
582:
562:medicine man
558:
544:
538:
522:
508:
505:
477:
444:
442:
318:Neo-Batllism
302:20th Century
26:Ethnic group
2503:Immigration
2382:Agriculture
2309:LGBT rights
2135:Lighthouses
2098:Environment
2093:Departments
2037:Expiry Law
1840:Venezuelans
1681:Lithuanians
1384:Ely, Lara.
1094:2 September
1031:16 December
825:19 November
589:, Uruguay.
153:History of
2675:Categories
2578:Literature
2498:Healthcare
2483:Emigration
2238:Civil Code
2081:Montevideo
1979:Civil War
1830:Dominicans
1820:Colombians
1815:Brazilians
1805:Argentines
1721:Ukrainians
1706:Slovenians
1691:Portuguese
1661:Hungarians
1649:Mennonites
1551:Indigenous
1471:: 139–153.
1448:2019-05-06
1424:2019-05-06
1409:2019-05-06
1391:2019-05-06
1376:2019-05-06
1335:2019-05-06
1286:2019-05-06
1220:References
1209:2022-08-22
1173:2022-08-22
1145:2022-08-22
1120:2022-08-21
944:The Prisma
908:2 February
883:2018-11-26
719:Piriápolis
712:Other uses
656:Paulo Paim
587:Montevideo
533:See also:
465:Entre Ríos
232:Cisplatina
2573:Languages
2568:Education
2523:Squatting
2442:Transport
2346:Air Force
2248:Judiciary
2209:Elections
2194:President
2059:Geography
2024:Tupamaros
1835:Peruvians
1810:Bolivians
1800:Americans
1764:Assyrians
1759:Armenians
1711:Spaniards
1619:Austrians
1559:Arachanes
1371:2525-7870
1330:240321754
1322:2526-6675
1276:2525-5223
680:President
513:explorer
461:Argentina
336:Tupamaros
270:Civil War
97:Languages
68:Argentina
2655:Category
2603:Religion
2422:Taxation
2397:Currency
2328:Military
2284:Abortion
2263:Passport
2178:Politics
2019:Batllism
1906:articles
1793:Americas
1779:Japanese
1742:Lebanese
1701:Russians
1671:Italians
1589:Minuanes
1574:Charrúas
1486:(1969).
789:See also
759:rivuline
676:Brasilia
653:Senators
529:Genocide
369:Mercosur
308:Batllism
144:a series
142:Part of
109:Religion
53:159,319
2632:Outline
2608:Smoking
2593:Museums
2556:Cuisine
2543:Culture
2456:Society
2432:Tourism
2387:Banking
2370:Economy
2351:History
2199:Cabinet
2130:Islands
2125:Geology
2088:Climate
2071:Borders
1914:History
1902:Uruguay
1784:Koreans
1774:Indians
1769:Chinese
1752:Syrians
1644:Germans
1629:Britons
1579:Guenoas
1564:Bohanes
771:Pocitos
721:in the
702:charrúa
566:warrior
523:Malones
511:Spanish
486:History
457:Uruguay
447:are an
445:Charrúa
155:Uruguay
131:Guaraní
115:Animism
71:14,649
50:Uruguay
30:Charrúa
2660:Portal
2551:Cinema
2513:People
2468:Anthem
2402:Energy
2150:Rivers
2076:Cities
2039:(1986)
2013:(1904)
1904:
1849:Africa
1825:Cubans
1696:Romani
1656:Greeks
1639:French
1634:Croats
1624:Basque
1612:Europe
1569:Chanás
1497:12 May
1369:
1328:
1320:
1274:
1236:
1057:23 May
954:20 Dec
857:23 May
775:Cordón
747:Tabaré
672:Aldeia
660:cacica
601:Legacy
469:Brazil
467:) and
146:on the
91:(2014)
86:Brazil
83:
73:(2010)
65:
55:(2011)
47:
2639:Index
2613:Sport
2598:Music
2588:Media
2533:Women
2356:Ranks
2120:Flora
2115:Fauna
1737:Arabs
1716:Swiss
1686:Poles
1666:Irish
1594:Yaros
1491:(PDF)
1461:(PDF)
1326:S2CID
1270:(1).
851:(PDF)
844:(PDF)
806:Notes
578:Paris
127:Chaná
2583:Mate
2561:Wine
2508:LGBT
2493:Flag
2341:Navy
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