259:, by that time perhaps the most widely admired urban development in Europe. Kettle set out to juxtapose formality, regularity, symmetry and proportion – relieved from monotony by some designed-in features – with a bold and rugged nature to make the design Romantic in the manner of Edinburgh and the fashion of the day. While Edinburgh's New Town is a modern agora on a ridge, Dunedin's central city is a low-lying harbourside parade, set among bold hills, with distant views of harbour steeps and bush-clad ridges, a Claudian seaport, a park of orderly temples lapped by water, in a rugged terrain.
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Dunedin, Presbyterian fortitude or perhaps the wealth suddenly afforded by the gold rushes resulted in Kettle's highly ambitious plan being mostly realised and extrapolated. There were (and still are) streets that tail off into flights of steps, and others, like Baldwin Street, that challenge the
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to the Otago hinterland. This greatly swelled the population of
Dunedin. Many were camped in a place unprepared for such an influx. Sanitation broke down and Kettle died of typhoid fever on 5 June 1862, contracted, it is said, from a too-close examination of Dunedin's drains. His principal monument
231:, leader of the Otago settlement, deteriorated, partly because Kettle was English while Cargill was narrowly Scottish. By 1852, Kettle had been made the colonial government's surveyor at Otago, thus resolving some of the tensions. In 1854 he resigned.
220:. He identified the land as suited for pastoralism and correctly saw that as the colony's future economic mainstay. By March 1848, when the first immigrant ships arrived, the surveys' outlines were virtually complete.
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He had already made tours of the pastoral districts and had himself taken up some land for sheep runs. By 1860, he was able to sell his pastoral licences and retire to
Dunedin. In 1861, he became a member of the
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In his Otago surveys, Kettle made the first extensive use in New
Zealand of trigonometrical methods and his urban and rural surveys have been described as 'painstaking'. He travelled extensively over the rugged
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Select
Committee on New Zealand in June 1844 as an expert on the country. In September 1845, he was appointed to head the survey of the new Scottish settlement. He married Amelia Omer at St Peter's
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combined similar elements of symmetry and regularity in a dramatic setting, Mein Smith's design for
Wellington is considered dull and while Felton Matthew's for
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Kettle's town plan was the only nineteenth century one in New
Zealand formed from a specific aesthetic instruction. While others such as those at Wellington and
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district, helping to stimulate its pastoral development. In 1843, he returned to
Britain and became a publicist for the projected New Edinburgh settlement in
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in
England, Charles Henry Kettle was the son of Nathaniel Kettle. The family were poor and Charles worked as a teaching assistant at Queens Grammar School in
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records that it belonged to Amelia Kettle, "mother of first white girl born in
Dunedin", and was made by John Hill, the first cabinet maker in Dunedin.
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in Scotland. (Hocken, 1898, p. 82.) He did not, as it is popularly supposed, simply impose that city's plan on Dunedin's site. He did not take
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Kettle achieved this with a central grid oriented roughly north and south beside the harbour with designed-in features, such as
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in New Zealand's South Island. He travelled widely for this purpose for two years and appeared before a
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in New Zealand, imposing a bold design on a challenging landscape. He was aiming to create a
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Kettle continued working on the project for the next two years but after the demise of the
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Kettle's instructions had been to reproduce, so far as possible, the characteristics of
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has left a vivid record of the process and the result. Many of those works are in the
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were the only two candidates for the newly constituted two-member electorate of
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Kettle retired from surveying to Dunedin. He stood for election to the
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and her brother, Nathaniel Kettle, founded stock and station agency
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pedestrian. But by and large the vision was realised. The artist
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is much better on paper, neither was more than partly realised.
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effect and incidentally produced the world's steepest street,
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239:, the colonial parliament, the same year that saw the first
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A genealogical and heraldic history of the colonial gentry
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is the city that he surveyed and that many others built.
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Dunedin, NZ: Otago Centennial Historical Publications.
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Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
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Historic Charts & Maps of New Zealand 1642–1875
604:Contributions to the Early History of New Zealand
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105:(6 April 1821 – 3 June 1863) surveyed the city of
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133:in Kent before sailing for New Zealand on the
740:New Zealand MPs for South Island electorates
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477:. No. 481. 16 February 1861. p. 5
216:in 1847 and from there saw the interior of
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550:"$ 5000 pledged to repair Kettle's grave"
82:Learn how and when to remove this message
720:Infectious disease deaths in New Zealand
402:, is named in honour of Charles Kettle.
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45:This article includes a list of general
23:. For the Medal of Honor recipient, see
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398:Kettle Park, in the Dunedin suburb of
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750:19th-century New Zealand politicians
730:Burials at Dunedin Southern Cemetery
527:Herd, J. and Griffiths, G.J. (1980)
237:New Zealand House of Representatives
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503:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
422:. Kettle's daughter Louisa married
355:, but was unsuccessful. Kettle and
189:Otago Pioneer Women's Memorial Hall
19:For the New Zealand cricketer, see
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375:on 5 June 1862, and was buried in
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147:Kettle arrived at Port Nicholson,
51:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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508:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
289:, Dunedin. His papers are in the
745:English emigrants to New Zealand
608:Sampson Low, Marston and Company
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179:Final emigration to New Zealand
660:Member of Parliament for Bruce
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227:in 1850, his relations with
195:Kettle and his wife reached
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576:"Death of Mr. C. C. Kettle"
175:, Kent, 10 September 1845.
151:in 1840. He was a cadet in
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391:Tomb of Charles Kettle in
369:3rd New Zealand Parliament
21:Charles Kettle (cricketer)
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700:Deaths from typhoid fever
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393:Dunedin Southern Cemetery
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143:First New Zealand period
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498:"Kettle, Charles Henry"
451:Burke, Bernard (1891),
428:Murray Roberts & Co
187:A plaque on a chair at
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647:New Zealand Parliament
412:Charles Cargill Kettle
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304:New Zealand Parliament
255:as his model, but the
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16:New Zealand politician
715:New Zealand surveyors
695:People from Faversham
432:Williams & Kettle
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365:1861 general election
287:Otago Settlers Museum
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623:Maling, P.B. (1999)
618:The History of Otago
529:Discovering Dunedin.
469:"Local Intelligence"
297:Member of Parliament
253:Edinburgh's Old Town
103:Charles Henry Kettle
416:first-class cricket
383:Legacy and tributes
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225:New Zealand Company
159:penetrating to the
666:Served alongside:
420:Otago cricket team
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353:Provincial Council
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291:Hocken Collections
199:in February 1846.
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153:William Mein Smith
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264:The Octagon
241:gold rushes
210:Otago Block
64:introducing
689:Categories
631:(NZ) Ltd.
438:References
149:Wellington
121:Early life
72:April 2009
47:references
400:St. Kilda
249:Edinburgh
161:Wairarapa
139:in 1839.
131:Faversham
560:29 April
418:for the
275:Auckland
271:Auckland
257:New Town
173:Sandwich
136:Oriental
125:Born in
111:Romantic
616:(1949)
602:(1898)
513:11 July
481:14 July
363:in the
107:Dunedin
60:improve
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406:Family
320:Party
311:Years
49:, but
361:Bruce
337:Bruce
314:Term
165:Otago
633:ISBN
588:2022
562:2015
533:ISBN
515:2010
483:2010
326:1861
127:Kent
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