29:
390:
2165:
2209:
1649:
2187:
398:
chains, from a zero point at the origin or headquarters of the railway, or the originating junction of a new branch line. Since railways are linear in topology, the "mileage" or "chainage" is sufficient to identify a place uniquely on any given route. Thus, a given bridge location may be indicated as 112 miles and 63 chains (181.51 km) from the origin. In the case of the photograph, the bridge is near
281:...a Word or two of Dimensurators or Measuring Instruments, whereof the mosts usual has been the Chain, and the common length for English Measures 4 Poles, as answering indifferently to the Englishs Mile and Acre, 10 such Chains in length making a Furlong, and 10 single square Chains an Acre, so that a square Mile contains 640 square Acres...'
985:""Caerte vande gheleghentheyt van de Beemster met de landen die daeromme ende aengheleghen zijn, na rechte landmetersch conste op perfecte maet aldus ghestelt door Pieter Cornelisz. Cort van Alckmaer, ghesworen landmeter, anno 1607". Het Schermereiland met links een deel van de onbedijkte Schermer en rechts de onbedijkte Beemster"
456:(640 acres or 259 hectares), quarter-section (160 acres or 64.7 hectares), and quarter-quarter-section (40 acres or 16.19 hectares). Respectively, these square divisions of land are approximately 80 chains (one mile or 1.6 km), 40 chains (half a mile or 800 m), and 20 chains (a quarter mile or 400 m) on a side.
329:
The chain is the unit of linear measurement for the survey of the public lands as prescribed by law. All returns of measurement in the rectangular system are made in the true horizontal distance in links, chains, and miles. The only exceptions to this rule are special requirements for measurement in
459:
The chain is still used in agriculture: measuring wheels with a circumference of 0.1 chain (diameter ≈ 2.1 ft or 64 cm) are still readily available in Canada and the United States. For a rectangular tract, multiplying the number of turns of a chain wheel for each of two adjacent sides and
521:
of many houses in these countries are one chain wide—roads were almost always 1 chain (20.1 m) wide in urban areas, sometimes 1.5 chains (30.2 m) or 2.5 chains (50.3 m). Laneways would be half a chain (10.1 m). In rural areas the roads were wider, up to 10 chains (201.2 m)
397:
In the United
Kingdom, the chain is no longer used for practical survey work. However, it is still used on the railways as a location identifier. When railways were designed, the location of features such as bridges and stations was indicated by a cumulative longitudinal "mileage", using miles and
855:
Since the foregoing Report ... was delivered ... , Mr
Smeaton has discovered that, notwithstanding the care and pains he took to be correct, he has committed an error, in supposing the Scotch chain, with which the measures of the length of the tract of land were taken, to consist of seventy feet
530:
The "Queen's Chain" is a concept that has long existed in New
Zealand, of a strip of public land, usually 20 metres (or one chain in pre-metric measure) wide from the high water mark, that has been set aside for public use along the coast, around many lakes, and along all or part of many rivers.
526:
was required. 5 chains (100.6 m) roads were surveyed as major roads or highways between larger towns, 3 chains (60.4 m) roads between smaller localities, and 2 chains (40.2 m) roads were local roads in farming communities. Roads named Three Chain Road etc. persist today.
748:: a small box containing a string counter, worn on the hip. The user ties off the spooled string to a stake or tree and the counter tallies distance as the user walks away in a straight line. These instruments are available in both
692:
Metric chains, of lengths 5 m, 10 m, 20 m and 30 m, are widely used in India. Tolerances are ±3 mm for 5 m and 10 m chains, ±5 mm for a 20 m chain, and ±8 mm for a 30 m chain.
218:
The chain has been used for several centuries in
England and in some other countries influenced by English practice. In the United Kingdom, there were 80 chains to the mile, but until the early nineteenth century the
272:
developed a method of accurately surveying land using a surveyor's chain 66 feet long with 100 links. The 66-foot unit, which was four perches or rods, took on the name the chain. By 1675 it was accepted, and
551:
Civil engineers and surveyors use various instruments including chains to measure distance. Other instruments used for measuring distance include tapes and bands. A steel band is also known as a "band chain".
531:
These strips exist in various forms (including road reserves, esplanade reserves, esplanade strips, marginal strips and reserves of various types) but not as extensively and consistently as is often assumed.
1165:
2924:
2332:
1011:
517:, most building lots in the past were a quarter of an acre, measuring one chain by two and a half chains, and other lots would be multiples or fractions of a chain. The street
305:
became standard surveyors' units of length and crossed to the colonies. The thirteen states of
America were expanding westward and the public land had to be surveyed for a
3450:
2906:
984:
772:, include the line "He lived out on the three chain road" which is the name of many Australian roads; referring to the width of the road reserve.
721:. This modern chain is a static cord (thin rope) 50 metres long, marked with a small tag at each metre, and also marked in the first metre every
227:; consequently a Scots chain was about 74 (imperial) feet, an Irish chain 84 feet. These longer chains became obsolete following the adoption of
1747:
433:) that all official government surveys must be done with a Gunter's (surveyor's) chain. Chains and links are commonly encountered in older
1345:
2899:
1069:
493:
In the United States, the chain is also used as the measure of the rate of spread of wildfires (chains per hour), both in the predictive
253:
The surveyor's chain first appears in an illustration in a Dutch map of 1607, and in an
English book for surveyors of 1610. In 1593 the
594:
A longer chain of 100 feet (30.5 m), with a hundred 1 foot (305 mm) links, was devised in the UK in the late 18th century by
3414:
325:
on 20 May the following year. In the report, the use of the chain as a unit of measurement was mandated, and the chain was defined.
2314:
1553:
2255:
2892:
2265:
453:
1245:
589:
2230:
211:(running distance) is the distance along a curved or straight survey line from a fixed commencing point, as given by an
2200:
1765:
635:
494:
1152:
421:, the position along the alignment is still referred to as "chainage", although the value is now expressed in metres.
1526:
1477:
906:
798:
2868:
414:, which is needed to uniquely determine the bridge, as there may be points at 112 miles 63 chains on other routes.
262:
393:
Location marker painted on a
British railway bridge, showing 112 miles and 63 chains; photograph taken August 2007
2195:
2212:
44:
1500:
575:
2915:
959:
868:
595:
483:
247:
184:
1407:
1371:
1295:
1219:
598:, though it never supplanted Gunter's chain. Surveyors also sometimes used such a device, and called it the
570:
developed a method of accurately surveying land using a 100 link chain, 22 yards (66 feet) long, called the
2307:
1546:
663:
407:
2873:
2178:
820:
1456:
733:
is commonly tied to the end of the chain, and thrown through the bush in the direction of the traverse.
822:
Units of Weight and
Measure (United States Customary and Metric): Definitions and Tables of Equivalents
616:
318:
1393:
3409:
2863:
2270:
1695:
671:
445:
430:
429:
The use of the chain was mandatory in laying out US townships. A federal law was passed in 1785 (the
403:
1787:
234:
In India, "metric chains" of exactly 20 metres (65.62 feet) are used, along with fractions thereof.
3435:
2000:
1900:
1895:
655:
1043:
878:
850:
3455:
3440:
2300:
2235:
2225:
2220:
2173:
2090:
1539:
969:
930:
411:
3302:
2739:
2260:
2250:
1710:
1349:
659:
322:
1235:
1119:
2938:
2351:
2240:
675:
180:
726:
466:
The unit was also used in mapping the United States along train routes in the 19th century.
28:
3378:
3328:
2755:
2280:
2275:
1985:
1511:
1432:
718:
475:
314:
168:
8:
3394:
3368:
3353:
2856:
2810:
2780:
2245:
1777:
1755:
1166:"Turns out there is a standard to determine where a homeowner's property ends: The Fixer"
1095:
702:
487:
1320:
963:
872:
844:
701:
In India, a revenue chain with 16 links and of length 10 m (33 ft) is used in
3445:
3404:
3399:
2851:
2841:
2095:
2070:
379:
53:
33:
The chain is based on the length of Gunter's chain, which is 66 feet (22 yd) long.
2401:
2356:
2100:
2080:
1715:
1626:
1601:
1483:
1473:
1241:
912:
902:
794:
571:
561:
449:
298:
288:
258:
242:
The UK statute chain is 22 yards, which is 66 feet (20.1168 m). This unit is a
2030:
1932:
1760:
1657:
765:
479:
434:
310:
250:. One link is a hundredth part of a chain, which is 7.92 inches (20.1168 cm).
220:
1269:
3297:
3197:
2795:
1705:
1569:
1276:. School of Historical Studies Department of History, The University of Melbourne
1192:
501:
is used by wildland firefighters in day-to-day operations as a unit of distance.
243:
2884:
828:. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards. 1960. pp. 8–9.
3373:
3333:
3202:
2825:
2800:
2760:
2693:
2652:
2602:
2323:
2075:
1970:
1862:
1803:
1675:
1531:
463:
In Canada, road allowances were originally 1 chain wide and are now 20 metres.
228:
188:
49:
916:
3429:
3276:
3238:
3172:
2846:
2805:
2770:
2708:
2622:
2426:
2421:
2140:
2125:
2120:
2005:
1995:
1797:
1690:
1595:
1582:
1577:
1487:
769:
667:
567:
540:
269:
137:
2145:
3348:
3323:
3233:
3218:
3152:
2988:
2785:
2703:
2688:
2683:
2668:
2627:
2592:
2566:
2457:
2411:
2085:
2047:
2037:
1990:
1922:
1907:
1852:
1732:
1700:
1685:
1632:
1616:
1321:"Map of Three Chain Road in Queensland - Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia"
1170:
840:
418:
224:
200:
389:
3363:
3343:
3223:
3157:
3131:
3090:
3026:
3016:
3011:
3006:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2820:
2775:
2698:
2673:
2607:
2597:
2546:
2472:
2462:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2150:
1942:
1857:
1737:
1670:
1665:
1590:
749:
523:
514:
302:
274:
192:
176:
126:
119:
112:
254:
3358:
3338:
3307:
3281:
3126:
3095:
3085:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
2968:
2790:
2765:
2734:
2551:
2541:
2515:
2510:
2500:
2495:
2391:
2130:
1831:
1638:
1611:
1501:
Instruments used in
Surveying - Instruments Used for Measuring Distance
1457:
Types of Chains used in
Surveying, Their Parts, Testing and Advantages
3253:
3177:
3136:
2713:
2110:
2020:
2015:
2010:
1975:
1965:
1782:
1772:
1727:
1722:
1621:
741:
722:
510:
375:
306:
3248:
3080:
2718:
2632:
2587:
2536:
2105:
2065:
1980:
1917:
1890:
1826:
1821:
1792:
1562:
737:
714:
518:
467:
399:
266:
212:
3271:
2978:
2815:
2406:
2292:
2115:
2025:
1957:
1947:
1927:
1912:
1885:
1880:
1842:
1606:
730:
471:
196:
1648:
3167:
3110:
2617:
2571:
2505:
2386:
2135:
2042:
1847:
172:
64:
1348:. Oxford Dictionaries – oxforddictionaries.com. Archived from
369:
3228:
3105:
2678:
2561:
2520:
1937:
1197:
968:(2nd ed.). London: Griffin Bohn & Company. pp.
958:
867:
753:
441:
maps made by the US General Land Office are shown in chains.
204:
151:
1296:"375 THREE CHAIN ROAD, Kilmore, Vic 3764 - Property Details"
877:(2nd ed.). London: Griffin Bohn & Company. p.
3162:
3100:
3021:
2983:
2963:
2943:
2612:
2556:
2467:
2416:
2381:
2361:
2346:
1836:
1565:
438:
3243:
1872:
1813:
1153:
HS2 proposed alignment with chainages expressed in metres
1125:. US Government. p. 22. Stock Number 024-041-00083-6
713:
Also in North America, a variant of the chain is used in
417:
On new railway lines built in the United Kingdom such as
141:
1120:"Surveys and Surveyors of the Public Domain 1785-1975"
856:
each, whereas, in reality, it consists of seventy-four
1201:. Electric Railroaders' Association. January 18, 2017
819:"6 Tables of Interrelation of Units of Measurement".
581:
590:
Ramsden surveying instruments § Chains and rods
555:
357:
Surveys and Surveyors of the Public Domain 1785-1975
3451:
Customary units of measurement in the United States
1061:
982:
1013:The Oxford English Dictionary - 1933 - All Volumes
2914:
1143:Plane and Geodetic Surveying, A.L. Johnson (SPON)
3427:
1561:
897:Punmia, B. C.; Jain, A. K.; Jain, A. K. (2003).
406:. The indication "MLN" after the mileage is the
348:1 Acre = 10 square chains or 43,560 square feet
1237:Landprints: Reflections on Place and Landscape
896:
474:fractions of a mile. Some subways such as the
330:feet in mineral surveys and townsite surveys.
2900:
2308:
1547:
1468:Bhavikatti, S. S. (2008). "Chain Surveying".
1240:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 151–.
1233:
1229:
1227:
892:
890:
888:
793:. New York: Chapman & Hall. p. 453.
677:
633:
621:
606:
497:as well as in after-action reports. The term
1472:. Vol. 1. New Delhi: IK International.
504:
814:
812:
810:
539:The chain also survives as the length of a
470:in the United States have long since used
460:dividing by 1,000 gives the area in acres.
370:Modern use and historic cultural references
2907:
2893:
2315:
2301:
1554:
1540:
1467:
1224:
1067:
885:
849:(2nd ed.). London: M Taylor. p.
788:
672:several similarly large ones in New Mexico
437:legal descriptions. Distances on township
321:; it was adopted with some changes as the
27:
1113:
1111:
1109:
954:
952:
759:
543:, being the distance between the stumps.
846:Reports of the Late John Smeaton, F.R.S.
807:
546:
388:
191:unit systems. It is subdivided into 100
1512:Lee Kernaghan - Three Chain Road lyrics
839:
789:James, Robert C.; James, Glenn (1992).
482:were designed with and continue with a
3428:
1680:
1106:
949:
923:
725:. When working in dense bush, a short
605:
246:in the United Kingdom, defined in the
203:. In metric terms, it is 20.1168
2888:
2296:
1535:
1394:"Te Ara, Encyclopedia of New Zealand"
1163:
2925:Comparison with imperial unit system
2186:
1274:emelbourne the city past and present
736:Another version used extensively in
708:
452:are often described in terms of the
2333:Comparison with US customary system
2208:
1267:
1234:George Seddon (28 September 1998).
1185:
13:
2322:
1117:
1020:. Vol. 2. 1933. p. 248.
976:
582:Engineer's chain (Ramsden's chain)
534:
495:National Fire Danger Rating System
221:Scottish and Irish customary miles
14:
3467:
3415:Foot–pound–second system of units
1520:
1102:. 1675 – via Fulltable.com.
983:Corneliisz van Alckmaer, Pieter.
901:. New Delhi: Laxmi Publications.
556:Surveyors' chain (Gunter's chain)
384:
2207:
2185:
2164:
2163:
1647:
1372:"Truth behind the Queen's Chain"
1068:Slater, Michael; Saunders, Ian.
1048:www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk
696:
687:
654: ft) was used in surveying
424:
340:1 Mile = 80 chains or 5,280 feet
1505:
1494:
1461:
1450:
1425:
1400:
1386:
1364:
1338:
1313:
1288:
1261:
1213:
1157:
1146:
1137:
1088:
1076:. North Craven Heritage Journal
1036:
931:"Weights and Measures Act 1985"
662:land grants, such as the major
2869:Foot–pound–second system (FPS)
1074:www.northcravenheritage.org.uk
1003:
861:
833:
782:
402:, which is that distance from
337:1 Chain = 100 links or 66 feet
261:as 5,280 feet, to tie in with
257:was redefined by a statute of
1:
2916:United States customary units
1408:"The measurements of cricket"
965:A Manual of Civil Engineering
960:William John Macquorn Rankine
874:A Manual of Civil Engineering
869:William John Macquorn Rankine
775:
578:have been used historically.
248:Weights and Measures Act 1985
237:
1164:Lakey, Jack (21 June 2017).
431:Public Land Survey Ordinance
410:describing the route as the
229:the imperial system of units
7:
2874:Twenty-foot equivalent unit
1374:. NZ Herald. 12 August 2003
195:. There are 10 chains in a
10:
3472:
3308:Kilopounds per square inch
1193:"The ERA Bulletin 2017-01"
617:Southwestern United States
587:
559:
373:
3410:English Engineering Units
3387:
3316:
3290:
3264:
3211:
3190:
3145:
3119:
3073:
3042:
3035:
2999:
2931:
2922:
2864:English Engineering units
2834:
2748:
2727:
2661:
2645:
2580:
2529:
2488:
2481:
2435:
2339:
2330:
2159:
2058:
1956:
1871:
1812:
1746:
1696:Hemispherical photography
1656:
1645:
1576:
1070:"Rods, poles and perches"
1018:Oxford English Dictionary
989:Regional Archive, Alkmaar
505:Australia and New Zealand
446:Public Land Survey System
408:Engineer's Line Reference
404:London Paddington station
351:1 square mile = 640 acres
319:rectangular survey system
133:
100:
96:
78:
70:
60:
43:
38:
26:
21:
3317:Other units and measures
2749:Other units and measures
2256:Machine and metalworking
2001:Lombard Steam Log Hauler
1268:Lay, M. G. (July 2008).
2266:Measuring and alignment
1470:Surveying and levelling
899:Basic civil engineering
412:Great Western Main Line
313:wrote a report for the
199:, and 80 chains in one
3303:Pounds per square inch
2740:Pounds per square inch
791:Mathematics Dictionary
760:Use in popular culture
678:
634:
622:
607:
576:Other surveyors chains
566:In 1620, the polymath
394:
364:
323:Land Ordinance of 1785
295:
104:Imperial/US units
2939:Thousandth of an inch
2352:Thousandth of an inch
1300:www.realestate.com.au
640:(16.9164 m , or
547:Measuring instruments
392:
374:Further information:
327:
279:
263:agricultural practice
223:were longer than the
3379:Ton of refrigeration
3329:British thermal unit
2756:British thermal unit
2231:Cutting and abrasive
2213:WikiProject Forestry
1433:"Cricket - factfile"
476:New York City Subway
355:Lola Cazier (1976),
315:Continental Congress
301:, the chain and the
207:long. By extension,
183:), used in both the
3395:American wire gauge
3369:Pound-foot (torque)
3354:Foot-pound (energy)
1756:Aerial firefighting
486:using the 100-foot
333:Linear Measurement
91:... is equal to ...
39:General information
3405:Body jewelry sizes
3400:Avoirdupois system
2842:Avoirdupois system
2096:Hydraulic debarker
2071:Firewood processor
1044:"Gunter biography"
935:Legislation.gov.uk
395:
380:Linear referencing
148:
135:
108:
102:
3423:
3422:
3186:
3185:
2882:
2881:
2641:
2640:
2290:
2289:
2101:Log house moulder
1627:Tree planting bar
1602:Groasis Waterboxx
1352:on August 8, 2018
1247:978-0-521-65999-4
709:Other instruments
703:cadastral surveys
676:over 200 smaller
344:Area Measurement
259:Queen Elizabeth I
157:
156:
79:Conversions
3463:
3040:
3039:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2886:
2885:
2486:
2485:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2294:
2293:
2211:
2210:
2189:
2188:
2167:
2166:
2146:Wood-drying kiln
2081:Forestry mulcher
2031:Washington Winch
1933:Portable sawmill
1748:Fire suppression
1651:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1533:
1532:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1465:
1459:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1231:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1161:
1155:
1150:
1144:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1124:
1115:
1104:
1103:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1007:
1001:
1000:
998:
996:
980:
974:
973:
956:
947:
946:
944:
942:
937:. Sch 1, Part VI
927:
921:
920:
894:
883:
882:
865:
859:
858:
837:
831:
829:
827:
816:
805:
804:
786:
766:Three Chain Road
719:traverse surveys
681:
653:
652:
648:
645:
639:
628:also called the
625:
610:
600:engineer's chain
488:engineer's chain
480:Washington Metro
435:metes and bounds
360:
311:Thomas Jefferson
293:
149:
136:
129:
122:
115:
109:
103:
31:
19:
18:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3436:Units of length
3426:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3388:Related systems
3383:
3312:
3298:Inch of mercury
3286:
3260:
3207:
3198:Feet per second
3182:
3141:
3115:
3069:
3031:
2995:
2927:
2918:
2913:
2883:
2878:
2835:Related systems
2830:
2796:Horsepower-hour
2744:
2723:
2657:
2637:
2576:
2525:
2477:
2431:
2335:
2326:
2321:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2155:
2054:
1952:
1901:safety features
1896:safety clothing
1867:
1808:
1742:
1706:Increment borer
1652:
1643:
1581:
1572:
1560:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1510:
1506:
1499:
1495:
1480:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1355:
1353:
1346:"Queen's Chain"
1344:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1327:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1279:
1277:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1214:
1204:
1202:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1176:
1174:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1107:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1077:
1066:
1062:
1052:
1050:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1024:
1023:
1009:
1008:
1004:
994:
992:
981:
977:
957:
950:
940:
938:
929:
928:
924:
909:
895:
886:
866:
862:
838:
834:
825:
818:
817:
808:
801:
787:
783:
778:
762:
711:
699:
690:
650:
646:
643:
641:
613:
592:
584:
564:
558:
549:
537:
535:Cricket pitches
507:
484:chaining system
450:parcels of land
427:
387:
382:
372:
366:
361:
354:
299:Gunter's system
294:
285:
265:. In 1620, the
244:statute measure
240:
147:
134:
124:
117:
110:
107:
101:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3469:
3459:
3458:
3456:Forestry tools
3453:
3448:
3443:
3441:Imperial units
3438:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3374:Spinning count
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3334:Degree (angle)
3331:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3203:Miles per hour
3200:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3044:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2912:
2911:
2904:
2897:
2889:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2844:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2826:Spinning count
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2653:Miles per hour
2649:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2402:Gunter's chain
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2324:Imperial units
2320:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2297:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2221:Types of tools
2217:
2216:
2215:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2076:Forest railway
2073:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1971:Feller buncher
1968:
1962:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1888:
1883:
1877:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1863:Splitting maul
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1818:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1790:
1788:Fire retardant
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1752:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1676:Biltmore stick
1673:
1668:
1662:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1574:
1573:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1522:
1521:External links
1519:
1516:
1515:
1504:
1493:
1478:
1460:
1449:
1424:
1399:
1385:
1363:
1337:
1325:www.bonzle.com
1312:
1287:
1260:
1246:
1223:
1212:
1184:
1156:
1145:
1136:
1118:Cazier, Lola.
1105:
1087:
1060:
1035:
1002:
975:
948:
922:
907:
884:
860:
832:
806:
799:
780:
779:
777:
774:
764:The lyrics of
761:
758:
710:
707:
698:
695:
689:
686:
668:Paisano Grants
612:
611:or Texas chain
604:
588:Main article:
583:
580:
572:Gunter's Chain
562:Gunter's chain
560:Main article:
557:
554:
548:
545:
536:
533:
506:
503:
426:
423:
386:
385:United Kingdom
383:
371:
368:
363:
362:
352:
349:
342:
341:
338:
317:proposing the
283:
239:
236:
155:
154:
145:
131:
130:
105:
98:
97:
94:
93:
88:
81:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
47:
41:
40:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
16:Unit of length
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3468:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:Hundredweight
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2921:
2917:
2910:
2905:
2903:
2898:
2896:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2847:English units
2845:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2806:Pound (force)
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2709:Hundredweight
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2603:Fluid Scruple
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2422:Nautical mile
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2318:
2313:
2311:
2306:
2304:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2141:Whoopie sling
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2126:Chainsaw mill
2124:
2122:
2121:Stump grinder
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1691:Diameter tape
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1583:afforestation
1579:
1578:Tree planting
1575:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1557:
1552:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1513:
1508:
1502:
1497:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1479:9788190694209
1475:
1471:
1464:
1458:
1453:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1413:
1412:ESPN Cricinfo
1409:
1403:
1395:
1389:
1373:
1367:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1275:
1271:
1264:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1230:
1228:
1221:
1216:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1188:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1160:
1154:
1149:
1140:
1121:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1010:"Chain (5)".
1006:
990:
986:
979:
971:
967:
966:
961:
955:
953:
936:
932:
926:
918:
914:
910:
908:9788170084037
904:
900:
893:
891:
889:
880:
876:
875:
870:
864:
857:
852:
848:
847:
842:
841:Smeaton, John
836:
824:
823:
815:
813:
811:
802:
800:9780412990410
796:
792:
785:
781:
773:
771:
770:Lee Kernaghan
767:
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
706:
704:
697:Revenue chain
694:
688:Metric chains
685:
683:
682:in California
680:
673:
669:
665:
664:Fisher–Miller
661:
657:
638:
637:
631:
627:
624:
618:
609:
603:
601:
597:
596:Jesse Ramsden
591:
586:
579:
577:
573:
569:
568:Edmund Gunter
563:
553:
544:
542:
541:cricket pitch
532:
528:
525:
520:
516:
512:
502:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
464:
461:
457:
455:
451:
447:
444:Under the US
442:
440:
436:
432:
425:North America
422:
420:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
391:
381:
377:
367:
358:
350:
347:
346:
345:
339:
336:
335:
334:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
291:
290:
286:John Ogilby,
282:
278:
276:
271:
270:Edmund Gunter
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
245:
235:
232:
230:
226:
222:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
163:(abbreviated
162:
153:
150:20.1168
146:
143:
139:
132:
128:
121:
114:
106:
99:
95:
92:
89:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
69:
66:
63:
59:
55:
51:
48:
46:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
3349:Foot-lambert
3324:Bolt (cloth)
2973:
2786:Foot-poundal
2704:Long hundred
2684:Pound (mass)
2608:Fluid Drachm
2567:Trade gallon
2396:
2190:
2168:
2086:Hand compass
2038:Steam donkey
1923:Lumber edger
1908:Crosscut saw
1853:Log splitter
1778:Fire flapper
1733:Tree caliper
1701:Inclinometer
1686:Cruising rod
1635:(Tuley tube)
1633:Tree shelter
1629:(dibble bar)
1617:Root trainer
1507:
1496:
1469:
1463:
1452:
1440:. Retrieved
1437:BBC Bitesize
1436:
1427:
1415:. Retrieved
1411:
1402:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1366:
1354:. Retrieved
1350:the original
1340:
1328:. Retrieved
1324:
1315:
1303:. Retrieved
1299:
1290:
1278:. Retrieved
1273:
1263:
1251:. Retrieved
1236:
1215:
1203:. Retrieved
1196:
1187:
1175:. Retrieved
1171:Toronto Star
1169:
1159:
1148:
1139:
1127:. Retrieved
1099:
1090:
1078:. Retrieved
1073:
1063:
1051:. Retrieved
1047:
1038:
1029:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1005:
993:. Retrieved
988:
978:
964:
941:25 September
939:. Retrieved
934:
925:
898:
873:
863:
854:
845:
835:
821:
790:
784:
763:
745:
735:
712:
700:
691:
629:
620:
614:
599:
593:
585:
565:
550:
538:
529:
508:
498:
492:
465:
462:
458:
443:
428:
419:High Speed 1
416:
396:
365:
356:
343:
332:
328:
296:
287:
280:
255:English mile
252:
241:
233:
225:statute mile
217:
208:
201:statute mile
185:US customary
175:equal to 66
164:
160:
158:
90:
85:
61:Unit of
3344:Foot-candle
3277:Pound-force
3091:Fluid ounce
3027:Square mile
3017:Square yard
3012:Square foot
3007:Square inch
2776:Foot-candle
2547:Fluid ounce
2473:Square mile
2453:Square yard
2448:Square foot
2443:Square inch
2281:Woodworking
2151:Woodchipper
1943:Two-man saw
1858:Marking axe
1839:(shake axe)
1738:Wedge prism
1711:Rangefinder
1671:Angle gauge
1658:Mensuration
1591:Caulk boots
1442:19 February
1417:19 February
1205:January 18,
1030:Art Survey.
630:Texas chain
524:stock route
515:New Zealand
56: units
45:Unit system
3430:Categories
3359:Horsepower
3339:Fahrenheit
3127:Board foot
3086:Tablespoon
3065:Cubic mile
3060:Cubic yard
3055:Cubic foot
3050:Cubic inch
2852:Winchester
2811:Pound-foot
2791:Horsepower
2781:Foot-pound
2766:Fahrenheit
2542:Tablespoon
2516:Cubic mile
2511:Cubic yard
2501:Cubic foot
2496:Cubic inch
2357:Barleycorn
2169:Categories
1991:Helicopter
1832:Brush hook
1666:3D scanner
1639:Tree spade
1612:Pottiputki
1527:Math Words
991:(in Dutch)
917:1006316184
776:References
670:in Texas,
658:and later
309:. In 1784
238:Definition
84:1 ch
3446:Surveying
3178:Acre-foot
3137:Face cord
2857:Exchequer
2714:Ship load
2201:equipment
2179:equipment
2131:Tree tyer
2111:Log flume
2091:Hand hook
2021:Skid cone
2016:Pike pole
2011:Pickaroon
1996:Log truck
1986:Harvester
1976:Forwarder
1966:Cant hook
1800:(rakehoe)
1783:Fire rake
1773:Driptorch
1728:Relascope
1723:Microtome
1622:Seed trap
1570:equipment
1488:660131493
1220:Documents
1100:Britannia
1096:"Preface"
1025:OLKINGHAM
1022:1610 W. F
746:hip-chain
742:surveying
723:decimetre
519:frontages
511:Australia
468:Railroads
376:Milestone
359:, page 15
307:cadastral
289:Britannia
231:in 1824.
125:100
3291:Pressure
3081:Teaspoon
2728:Pressure
2633:Hogshead
2588:Chaldron
2537:Teaspoon
2236:Forestry
2226:Cleaning
2106:Log pond
2066:Denailer
1981:Go-devil
1918:Head saw
1891:Chainsaw
1827:Broadaxe
1822:Billhook
1793:Helitack
1598:(hoedag)
1563:Forestry
1330:8 August
1305:8 August
962:(1863).
871:(1863).
843:(1837).
738:forestry
715:forestry
632:, of 20
522:where a
478:and the
400:Keynsham
353:—
284:—
267:polymath
213:odometer
209:chainage
189:Imperial
118:66
111:22
50:Imperial
3272:Poundal
3074:Cooking
3043:Derived
2989:statute
2979:Furlong
2816:Poundal
2801:Kenning
2771:Rankine
2694:Quarter
2530:Cooking
2489:Derived
2407:Furlong
2261:Masonry
2251:Kitchen
2191:Commons
2116:Machete
2026:Skidder
1958:Logging
1948:Whipsaw
1928:Polesaw
1913:Dragsaw
1886:Bucksaw
1881:Bow saw
1843:Hatchet
1804:Pulaski
1607:Mattock
1270:"Roads"
1177:22 June
1129:29 July
1080:29 July
1053:21 July
995:29 July
744:is the
731:hatchet
679:ranchos
660:Mexican
656:Spanish
649:⁄
615:In the
472:decimal
454:section
277:wrote:
197:furlong
167:) is a
144:) units
3173:Barrel
3168:Bushel
3111:Gallon
3036:Volume
2932:Length
2761:Degree
2674:Drachm
2623:Barrel
2618:Bushel
2572:Gallon
2506:Hoppus
2482:Volume
2427:League
2387:Fathom
2340:Length
2271:Mining
2241:Garden
2136:Tsakat
2043:Yarder
2006:Peavey
1848:Labrys
1798:McLeod
1596:Hoedad
1486:
1476:
1378:4 July
1356:4 July
1280:28 May
1253:28 May
1244:
915:
905:
797:
754:metres
674:, and
619:, the
292:, 1675
275:Ogilby
173:length
138:Metric
86:in ...
71:Symbol
65:length
3265:Force
3254:Short
3234:Pound
3229:Ounce
3219:Grain
3191:Speed
3153:Minim
3146:Other
3106:Quart
2974:Chain
2689:Stone
2679:Ounce
2669:Grain
2646:Speed
2628:Stuck
2593:Minim
2581:Other
2562:Quart
2521:Tmcft
2458:Perch
2412:Cable
2397:Chain
2276:Power
2196:tools
2174:tools
2059:Other
2048:swing
1938:Resaw
1761:DC-10
1716:laser
1681:Chain
1566:tools
1198:Issuu
1123:(PDF)
830:(PDF)
826:(PDF)
768:, by
636:varas
626:chain
499:chain
297:From
193:links
181:yards
161:chain
127:links
22:chain
3364:Perm
3249:Long
3224:Dram
3212:Mass
3163:Peck
3158:Gill
3132:Cord
3120:Wood
3101:Pint
3022:Acre
3000:Area
2984:Mile
2964:Yard
2959:Foot
2954:Link
2949:Hand
2944:Inch
2821:Span
2699:Slug
2662:Mass
2613:Peck
2598:Gill
2557:Pint
2468:Acre
2463:Rood
2436:Area
2417:Mile
2382:Yard
2377:Foot
2372:Link
2367:Hand
2362:Inch
2347:Twip
2246:Hand
1873:Saws
1837:Froe
1814:Axes
1766:UAVs
1568:and
1484:OCLC
1474:ISBN
1444:2020
1419:2020
1380:2017
1358:2017
1332:2018
1307:2018
1282:2013
1255:2013
1242:ISBN
1207:2017
1179:2017
1131:2018
1082:2018
1055:2018
997:2018
972:–19.
943:2014
913:OCLC
903:ISBN
795:ISBN
752:and
750:feet
740:and
717:for
666:and
623:vara
608:Vara
513:and
439:plat
378:and
303:link
187:and
179:(22
177:feet
169:unit
159:The
3282:Kip
3244:Ton
3096:Cup
2969:Rod
2735:Ksi
2719:Ton
2552:Cup
2392:Rod
851:308
729:or
727:axe
509:In
171:of
3432::
1482:.
1435:.
1410:.
1323:.
1298:.
1272:.
1226:^
1195:.
1168:.
1108:^
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1072:.
1046:.
1028:,
1016:.
987:.
970:18
951:^
933:.
911:.
887:^
853:.
809:^
756:.
705:.
684:.
642:55
602:.
574:.
490:.
448:,
215:.
165:ch
142:SI
123:,
120:ft
116:,
113:yd
74:ch
54:US
2908:e
2901:t
2894:v
2316:e
2309:t
2302:v
1580:,
1555:e
1548:t
1541:v
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1396:.
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1360:.
1334:.
1309:.
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881:.
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651:2
647:1
644:+
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