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265:, usually azithromycin or doxycycline, or antiviral medications are used to treat infectious causes. Women at increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (i.e., less than 25 years of age and a new sexual partner, a sexual partner with other partners, or a sexual partner with a known sexually transmitted infection), should be treated presumptively for chlamydia and possibly gonorrhea, particularly if follow-up care cannot be ensured or diagnostic testing is not possible. For lower risk women, deferring treatment until test results are available is an option.
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193:, pessary, etc.); an allergy to spermicides or latex in condoms; or, exposure to a chemical, for example while douching. Inflammation can also be idiopathic, where no specific cause is found. While IUDs do not cause cervicitis, active cervicitis is a contraindication to placing an IUD. If a person with an IUD develops cervicitis, it usually does not need to be removed, if the person wants to continue using it.
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Ensuring that foreign objects like tampons are properly placed in the vagina and following instructions how long to leave it inside, how often to change it, and/or how often to clean it can reduce the risk of cervicitis. In addition, avoiding potential irritants like douches and deodorant tampons can
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To reduce the risk of reinfection, women should abstain from sexual intercourse for seven days after treatment is started. Also, sexual partners (within the last sixty days) of anyone with infectious cervicitis should be referred for evaluation or treated through expedited partner therapy (EPT). EPT
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The risk of contracting cervicitis from STIs can be reduced by using condoms during every sexual encounter. Condoms are effective against the spread of STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhea that cause cervicitis. Also, being in a long-term monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner can lower the
196:
There are also certain behaviors that can place individuals at a higher risk for contracting cervicitis. High-risk sexual behavior, a history of STIs, many sexual partners, sex at an early age, and sexual partners who engage in high-risk sexual behavior or have had an STI can increase the likelihood
283:
Cervicitis should be followed up. Women with a specific diagnosis of chlamydia, gonorrhea, or trichomonas should see a clinician in three months after treatment for repeat testing because they are at higher risk of getting reinfected, regardless of whether their sex partners were treated. Treatment
221:
exam with visual inspection of the cervix for abnormal discharge, which is usually purulent or bleeding from the cervix with little provocation. Swabs can be used to collect a sample of this discharge for inspection under a microscope and/or lab testing for
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While sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are the most common cause of cervicitis, there are other potential causes as well. This includes vaginitis caused by bacterial vaginosis or
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without first meeting or examining the partner. Sexual partners should also avoid sexual intercourse until they and their partners are adequately treated.
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Histopathology of follicular cervicitis, H&E stain, with typical features. It is a form of chronic cervicitis, with various causes.
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infection. Women with infectious cervicitis should be tested for other sexually transmitted infections, including HIV and syphilis.
236:. A bimanual exam in which the clinician palpates the cervix to see if there is any associated pain should be done to assess for
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Non-infectious causes of cervicitis are primarily treated by eliminating or limiting exposure to the irritant.
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is the process by which a clinician treats the sexual partner of a patient diagnosed with a
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Cervicitis can be caused by any of a number of infections, of which the most common are
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404:"Diseases Characterized by Urethritis and Cervicitis - 2015 STD Treatment Guidelines"
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Untreated cervicitis is also associated with an increased susceptibility to
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Cervicitis may have no symptoms. If symptoms do manifest, they may include:
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107:. Cervicitis affects over half of all women during their adult life.
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in pregnant women is the same as those who are not pregnant.
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Image by Mikael Häggström, MD. Reference for findings:
76:. Cervicitis in women has many features in common with
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213:To diagnose cervicitis, a clinician will perform a
84:. Non-infectious causes of cervicitis can include
110:Cervicitis may ascend and cause endometritis and
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429:"Classifications for Intrauterine Devices | CDC"
313:"Cervicitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia"
1882:Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs
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1877:Sexually transmitted diseases and infections
496:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
478:Ali Ismail, M.B.B.S., Ziyan T. Salih, M.D.
114:(PID). Cervicitis may be acute or chronic.
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363:"Cervicitis - Gynecology and Obstetrics"
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80:in men and many cases are caused by
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513:"Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic"
502:Last staff update: 15 December 2022
319:. U.S. National Library of Medicine
146:Pressure or heaviness in the pelvis
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454:"Cervicitis - Symptoms and causes"
367:Merck Manuals Professional Edition
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16:Inflammation of the uterine cervix
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1661:Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
1180:Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
985:Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
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1027:Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU)
690:Sexually transmitted infections
132:Unusual gray, white, or yellow
129:after intercourse after periods
82:sexually transmitted infections
1275:Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
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271:sexually transmitted infection
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1371:Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)
1342:Polymenorrhea (epimenorrhea)
759:Mycoplasma hominis infection
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200:
7:
1788:Pelvic inflammatory disease
238:pelvic inflammatory disease
197:of contracting cervicitis.
149:Frequent, painful urination
112:pelvic inflammatory disease
10:
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1783:Pelvic congestion syndrome
1213:Fallopian tube obstruction
139:Painful sexual intercourse
1832:Vestibular papillomatosis
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127:Abnormal vaginal bleeding
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1168:Follicular cyst of ovary
723:lymphogranuloma venereum
339:MedlinePlus Encyclopedia
90:contraceptive diaphragms
1666:Sexual arousal disorder
1622:Candidal vulvovaginitis
1280:Endometrial hyperplasia
740:Klebsiella granulomatis
217:. This exam includes a
1109:Endometriosis of ovary
788:Ureaplasma urealyticum
210:
1553:Vesicouterine fistula
1496:Cervical incompetence
1421:Recurrent miscarriage
1359:Premenstrual syndrome
1220:Fallopian tube cancer
934:Molluscum contagiosum
813:Trichomonas vaginalis
752:Neisseria gonorrhoeae
728:Chlamydia trachomatis
233:Trichomonas vaginalis
208:
187:Trichomonas vaginalis
179:Mycoplasma genitalium
169:Trichomonas vaginalis
1711:Rectovaginal fistula
1136:Poor ovarian reserve
894:Human papillomavirus
783:Ureaplasma infection
480:"Chronic cervicitis"
253:prevent cervicitis.
173:herpes simplex virus
86:intrauterine devices
1761:Postcoital bleeding
1689:Urogenital fistulas
1617:Bacterial vaginosis
1270:Asherman's syndrome
712:Haemophilus ducreyi
1646:Sexual dysfunction
1612:Atrophic vaginitis
1548:Retroverted uterus
1511:Female infertility
1491:Cervical dysplasia
1416:Female infertility
1208:Female infertility
1163:Corpus luteum cyst
1119:Ovulatory disorder
1114:Female infertility
776:Treponema pallidum
764:Mycoplasma hominis
622:External resources
517:www.mayoclinic.org
484:Pathology Outlines
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143:Pain in the vagina
118:Symptoms and signs
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1173:Theca lutein cyst
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915:Hepatitis B virus
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134:vaginal discharge
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19:Medical condition
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1827:Kraurosis vulvae
1822:Bartholin's cyst
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1558:Uterine prolapse
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1450:Uterine fibroid
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1391:Polymenorrhagia
1332:Oligoamenorrhea
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1190:Ovarian torsion
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1468:Parametritis
1376:Metrorrhagia
1354:Dysmenorrhea
1307:Menstruation
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1295:Endometritis
1230:Hydrosalpinx
1158:Ovarian cyst
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1656:Dyspareunia
1629:Hydrocolpos
1593:Hydrocolpos
1539:Hematometra
1460:Parametrium
1445:Adenomyosis
1258:Endometrium
1235:Salpingitis
1124:Anovulation
1004:Prostatitis
910:Hepatitis B
861:HIV-1/HIV-2
735:Donovanosis
631:MedlinePlus
458:Mayo Clinic
433:www.cdc.gov
408:www.cdc.gov
263:Antibiotics
215:pelvic exam
98:spermicides
50:Gynaecology
1866:Categories
1842:Vulvodynia
1726:Enterocele
1676:Vaginismus
1598:Leukorrhea
1506:Cervicitis
1437:Myometrium
1322:Amenorrhea
1148:Oophoritis
1023:Urethritis
980:Cervicitis
951:Zika virus
946:Zika fever
833:Crab louse
607:DiseasesDB
523:7 November
463:2020-04-24
439:2020-04-24
414:2020-04-23
372:2020-04-23
344:Cervicitis
323:7 November
288:References
244:Prevention
78:urethritis
66:Cervicitis
25:Cervicitis
1731:Rectocele
1721:Cystocele
1607:Vaginitis
1018:Proctitis
903:condyloma
825:Parasitic
800:Protozoal
747:Gonorrhea
719:Chlamydia
707:Chancroid
699:Bacterial
642:eMedicine
257:Treatment
228:chlamydia
224:gonorrhea
201:Diagnosis
164:gonorrhea
160:chlamydia
45:Specialty
1837:Vulvitis
1801:External
1716:Prolapse
1543:Pyometra
1084:Internal
1077:genitals
871:cervical
771:Syphilis
492:cite web
219:speculum
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1532:General
1071:of the
962:General
867:Cancer
838:Scabies
647:med/323
601:D002575
105:condoms
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1577:Vagina
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1397:Other
1382:Mixed
1366:Timing
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1012:either
974:female
881:penile
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1075:and
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886:anal
856:AIDS
596:MeSH
577:9-CM
525:2018
498:link
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