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passes through a moving ceiling fan. This is due to the fan blades intermittently blocking the light, causing shadows to appear across the room's interior surface leading to visual discomfort. The rotating area of a moving fan blade can commonly obstruct the light source when a ceiling fan is positioned underneath an artificial lighting fixture, which can be increasingly distracting to occupants within the space. To ensure that the ceiling fans seamlessly co-exists with the lighting fixtures to avoid strobing, it is recommended that the horizontal separation between the blade and the lighting fixture is maximized. In addition, increasing the vertical distance between the light and the blade will reduce the concentration and frequency of strobing. Never position a light fixture directly above a ceiling fan's blades, and downlight and point source fixtures should be set such that their beam angles don't cross them. Generally, to ensure uniformly adequate light levels, any recessed ceiling lighting and fixtures that emit light above the level of the fan blades should be placed as far away from the ceiling fan as possible. Another recommended strategy is to ensure that the light’s angle of dispersion or the field angle is reduced, which minimizes the strobing effect from the fan blades. It is well known that human eyes can detect flicker at low frequencies (between 60 and 90 hertz), but not at high frequencies (beyond 100 hertz), which is also known as non-visible flicker. The strobe effect can have significant physiological and psychological effect on humans. Two test rooms were utilized in an experiment to compare the effects of visual flicker induced the ceiling fan. The findings revealed statistical proof that one out of three cognitive performances (digit-span task) may have been reduced slightly as a result of an increased effect of visual flicker.
1425:
breathing ozone by 20%. Another study found that with better aerosols’ dispersion through mixing air and creating local air movements, the ceiling fan operation reduced the exposed individual’s breathing ozone concentrations by more than 20%. Airflow patterns generated from ceiling fans recirculates air vertically because ceiling fans generate inflow from overhead which creates an air distribution that is different from the typical wind which has horizontal flow directions. Ceiling fan airflow has a greater effect than supply air on aerosol transmission because the downward movement of the ceiling fan’s airflow can protect the underneath subject from exposure than when the subject was further from the fan. In a study comparing the airflow of ceiling fans to the supply air of diffusers, ceiling fans were proven to have a more significant effect on the droplet and airborne transmission, for it achieved a stronger protection for the subject under cough exposure. The research proved that ceiling fans showed strong potential to reduce the exposure risk to coughs that directed horizontally through the transient process.
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of causing more than a minor injury, having low-torque motors that stop quickly when blocked and blades composed of light materials that tend to break easily if impacted at speed (the household fan test of the "lover's leap" scenario actually broke the fan blades.) They did find that industrial fans, with their steel blades and higher speeds, proved capable of causing injury and laceration - building codes require industrial fans to be mounted with blades 3.048 m above the floor, and the industrial fan test of the "lover's leap" scenario produced a lethal injury where the fan sliced through the jugular and into the vertebrae - but still lost energy rapidly once blocked and were unable to decapitate the test dummy.
1521:, so wobbling will not have an effect on the fan's security, unless of course, the pins/clips were not secured. To date, there are no reports of a fan wobbling itself off the ceiling and falling. However, a severe wobble can cause light fixture shades or covers to gradually loosen over time and potentially fall, posing a risk of injury to anyone under the fan, and also from any resulting broken glass. When the MythBusters were designing a fan with the goal of chopping off someone's head, Scottie used an edge finder to find the exact center of their blades with the aim of eliminating potentially very dangerous wobbling of their steel blades.
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high enough. If a ceiling fan is turned on and a person fully extends his or her arms into the air, as sometimes happens during normal tasks such as dressing, stretching or changing bedsheets, it is possible for the blades to strike their hands, potentially causing injury. Also, if one is carrying a long and awkward object, one end may inadvertently enter the path of rotation of a ceiling fan's blades, which can cause damage to the fan. Building codes throughout the United States also prohibit industrial ceiling fans from being mounted with the blades closer than 10 feet from the floor for these reasons.
1300:
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vibration and to electrically isolate the fan from the ceiling hook. This type of mounting is most common on antique ceiling fans and ceiling fans made for industrial use. A variation of this system using a U-bracket secured to the ceiling by means of lag bolts is often used on heavy-duty ceiling fans with electrically reversible motors in order to reduce the risk of the fan unscrewing itself from the ceiling while running in clockwise. This type of mount is ideally suited to the RC flat roof with metal hooks and has become ubiquitous in
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consumption. Since the fan works directly on the body, rather than by changing the temperature of the air, it is recommended to switch all ceiling fans off when a room is unoccupied, to further reduce power consumption. In some cases, like when a fan is near walls like in a hallway, updraft may cause better airflow. Another example of how updraft can cause better cooling is when the ceiling fan is in middle of a bedroom with a loft bed near a wall, meaning breeze can be felt better when airflow is coming from the top.
442:. These Indian manufactured ceiling fans caught on slowly at first, but Markwardt's Encon Industries branded ceiling fans (which stood for ENergy CONservation) eventually found great success during the energy crisis of the late 1970s and early 1980s since they consumed less energy than the antiquated shaded pole motors used in most other American made fans. The fans became the energy-saving appliances for residential and commercial use by supplementing expensive air conditioning units with a column of gentle airflow.
245:
854:
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328:
1103:
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warmer air on the ceiling is pushed down along the walls and into the room, heating the cooler air. This avoids blowing a stream of air directly at the occupants of the room, which would tend to cool them. This action works to equalize, or even out the temperature in the room, making it cooler at ceiling level, but warmer near the floor. Thus the heating thermostat in the area can be set a few degrees lower to save energy while maintaining the same level of comfort.
399:
1279:
794:
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1004:
733:
128:
66:
25:
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noise level, less rotor heat, integration of remote control and other convenience technologies etc. The only drawbacks are the high cost and the presence of complex electronics which may be more prone to failure and difficult to service. However, with the advent of new technologies and better quality control techniques, the latter is becoming less of a concern. Those are wired to AC wires along with AC/DC adaptor.
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1095:
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1048:
1330:, and today are constructed similarly to most oscillating pedestal and table fans, predominantly out of plastic. These fans, hence the name "mini" ceiling fan are relatively small in size, usually ranging from 40.64 cm to 91.44 cm, however, some still span to sizes as large as 106.68 cm in diameter. Additionally, unlike traditional ceiling fans, these fans typically use synchronous motors.
1139:. Some manufacturers trademarked their personal incarnation of this motor: for example, Emerson's "K63" and later "K55" motors, Fanimation's "FDK-2100", and Casablanca's "XLP-2000" and "XLP-2100". The earliest stack-motor fan was the Emerson, which was an earlier version of the model that was later called "Heat-Fan", a utilitarian fan with a dropped metal flywheel and blades made of
825:. This was a dial mounted either on the body of the fan or in a gang box at the wall, and when turned in either direction, continuously varied the speed at which the blades rotated—similar to a dimmer switch for a light fixture. A few fans substituted a rotary click-type switch for the infinite-speed dial, providing a set number of set speeds (usually ranging from four to ten).
1219:, which are a high-end subset of direct-drive motors, can be found on some higher-quality fans. Examples of skeletal motors include Hunter's "AirMax" motor, Casablanca's "XTR200" motor, and the motors made by Sanyo for use in ceiling fans sold under the Lasko name, and post-2002 Hunter "Original" ceiling fans. Skeletal motors differ from regular direct-drive motors in that:
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are typically slanted, this results in the air either being drawn upwards or brought downwards. While the user can select which they prefer, typically air is blown downwards in summer and lifted upwards in winter. The downwards blowing is experienced as "cooling" in summer, while the upwards convection brings ceiling-hugging warm air back down throughout the room in winter.
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this motor is not nearly as widely used as in the 1970s and 1980s, it can still be found in
Razzetii Italy brand. One disadvantage of this type of fan is that the flywheel, if it is made from rubber, will dry out and crack over time and eventually break; this is usually not dangerous, but it renders the fan inoperable until the flywheel is replaced.
1135:. The flywheel which is made of either metal or reinforced rubber can be mounted either flush with the fan's motor housing (concealed) or prominently below the fan's motor housing (known as a "dropped flywheel"). Many manufacturers used and/or developed their own stack motors, including (but not limited to) Casablanca, Emerson, FASCO, Hunter, and
880:— a large iron-cored coil— as their regulator; these controls were typically large, boxy, and surface-mounted on the wall. They had anywhere from four to eight speeds. Newer versions of this type of control do not use a choke as such, but much smaller capacitors and/or solid-state circuitry; the switch is typically mounted in a standard in-wall
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aluminum, and operate at high speed. These energy-efficient ceiling fans are designed to push massive amounts of air across large, wide open spaces. From the late 1970s to the mid-1980s, metal-bladed industrial ceiling fans were popular in lower-income
American households, likely due to them being priced lower than wood-bladed models.
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for a ball-and-socket fan to be designed such that the canopy (ceiling cover piece) can optionally be screwed directly into the top of the motor housing, thus eliminating the need for a downrod. The whole fan can be secured directly onto the ceiling mounting bracket; this is often referred to as a dual-mount or tri-mount.
1073:; the motor, though still oil-lubricated, was switched to a "skeletal" design, as discussed below, with a shortened main shaft that inadvertently caused reliability issues. In 2015, this motor design was revised, and once again employs a full-length main shaft; the key element to the longevity of the pre-2002 motors.
995:. These fans generally spin at a lower speed but due to their large diameter, ranging between 7' and 24' (2.1m and 7.3m), can provide a large area with a gentle breeze. Modern HVLS fans use airfoil-style blades for optimized air movement at a reduced energy cost. One of the most notable manufactures of HVLS fans is
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blades do not exert an equal force on the air (because they have different angles, for instance), the vertical reaction forces can cause wobbling. Wobble can also be caused by a motor flaw, but that very rarely occurs. Wobbling is not affected by the way in which the fan is mounted or the mounting surface.
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are the most prone to failure and noise generation. While the very first motors of this type (first used in the 1960s) were relatively heavy-duty, the quality of these motors has dropped significantly in recent years. This type of motor has become the de facto standard for today's fans; it is used in all
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purchased a regular household fan and also an industrial fan, which has metal blades as opposed to wood and a more powerful motor. They busted the myth in both scenarios with both household and industrial fans, as tests proved that residential ceiling fans are, apparently by design, largely incapable
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to turn the blades of fan units (which consisted of nothing more than blades mounted on a flywheel). For period-themed decor, a few companies (notably
Fanimation and Woolen Mill) have created reproduction belt-drive fan systems. The reproduction systems feature an electric motor as the driving force,
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These were also similar in design to gear-drive and friction-drive fans; however, instead of a rubber friction wheel or toothed gear, a small rubber belt linked the motor to the flywheel. The most notable internal belt-drive ceiling fans were the earliest models produced by the
Casablanca Fan Co. and
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Damp-rated fans are suitable for covered outdoor areas like patios and porches that aren't directly exposed to rainwater from above, as well as moisture-prone indoor areas such as bathrooms and laundry rooms. In open places where the fan may come in contact with water, one must use wet-rated fans. UL
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Flush mount (also known as "low profile" or "hugger" ceiling fans). These are specially designed fans with no downrod or canopy like a traditional mount fan. The motor housing appears to be directly attached to the ceiling, that is where the name "hugger" comes from. They are ideal for rooms with low
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Ceiling fans are usually installed in a space with other lighting fixtures, but if the fan is positioned too close to a light panel or fixture, a strobe or flicker effect may occur. A strobe or flicker effect is a phenomenon which occurs when light brightens and dims consistently as it penetrates and
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Ceiling fans can be controlled together in a shared space, and can also be individually controlled in a home or office setting. In an office environment, individually controlled ceiling fans can have a significant positive impact on thermal comfort, which has been shown to increase productivity
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70, Article 314) states that ceiling fans must be supported by an electrical junction box listed for that use. It is a common mistake for homeowners to replace a light fixture with a ceiling fan without upgrading to a proper junction box. Ultimately, the weight of the fan must be carried by a strong
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use a mechanism to oscillate 360 degrees. They are also typically flushed to the ceiling like hugger type fans. They are also very small in size, usually, about 40.64 cm and have a similar construction to that of many pedestal fans and desk fans, and usually have finger guards. These are once again,
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These were similar to (and even less common than) the friction drive models; however, instead of a rubber wheel on the motor shaft using friction to turn the flywheel, a toothed gear on the end of the motor shaft meshed with gear teeth formed into the flywheel, thus rotating it. The company "Panama"
572:
Though reversible models of industrial-grade ceiling fans do exist, most are not reversible. High ceiling heights in most industrial applications render reversibility unnecessary. Instead, industrial ceiling fans typically de-stratify heat by blowing hot air at ceiling level directly down toward the
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Wobbling may be reduced by measuring the tip of each blade from a fixed point on the ceiling (or floor) and ensuring each is equal. If the fan has a metal plate between the motor and blade, this may be gently adjusted by bending. It can also be reduced by making sure all blades have the same pitch,
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if an individual was to stick his or her neck into a running fan. Two versions of the myth were tested, with the first being the "jumping kid", involving a kid jumping up and down on a bed, jumping too high and entering the fan from below and the second being the "lover's leap", involving a husband
1419:
Ceiling fans provide a more affordable and energy-efficient alternative to air-conditioning, especially when used in conjunction with warmer room air temperature. Overall, the use of ceiling fans results in a lesser impact on global warming when looking at carbon generation suppression. In addition
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motor that is mounted transversely in relation to the flywheel. A rubber wheel mounted on the end of the motor's shaft drove a hub (via contact friction, hence the name) which, in turn, drove the flywheel. It was a system based on the fact that a low-torque motor spinning quickly can drive a large,
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in 1973 by Encon
Industries. This Crompton-Greaves motor was developed through a joint venture with Crompton-Parkinson of England and took 20 years to perfect. It is considered the most energy-efficient motor ever manufactured for ceiling fans (apart from the DC motor) since it consumes less energy
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Many styles of ceiling fans have been developed over the years in response to several different factors such as growing energy-consumption consciousness and changes in decorating styles. The advent and evolution of new technologies have also played a major role in ceiling fan development. Following
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Most ceiling fans typically feature a small slide switch on the motor body of the fan itself, which controls the direction in which the fan rotates. In one position, the fan is caused to rotate clockwise, in the other position the fan is caused to rotate counter-clockwise. Given that the fan blades
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A pull-chain present along with the variable-speed control; the dial can be set in one place and left there, with the pull-chain serving only to turn the fan on and off. Many of these fans have an option to wire an optional light kit to this pull-chain in order to control both the fan and the light
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Some ball-and-socket fans can be mounted using a low-ceiling adapter, purchased specially from the fan's manufacturer. This allows the same design to be used in both a high and low ceiling environment, simplifying the buying decision for consumers. In recent years, it has become increasingly common
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Residential ceiling fans, which are almost always reversible, typically use flat, paddle-like blades, which are equally effective in downdraft and updraft. Industrial ceiling fans typically are not reversible and operate only in downdraft, and therefore are able to make effective use of blades that
514:
Ceiling fans have multiple functions. Fans increase mixing in a ventilated space, which leads to more homogenous environmental conditions. Moving air is generally preferred over stagnant air, especially in warm or neutral environments, so fans are useful in increasing occupant satisfaction. Because
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Humming is often caused by using a dimmer switch or a solid state speed control (those are usually made for industrial setting where humming noise is acceptable) to control the fan speed, since those controls cause chopping current, which causes windings to vibrate. Humming can also be caused by a
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Wobbling is usually caused by the weight of fan blades being out of balance with each other. This can happen due to a variety of factors, including blades being warped, blade irons being bent, blades or blade irons not being screwed on straight, or weight variation between blades. Also, if all the
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Another concern with installing a ceiling fan relates to the height of the blades relative to the floor. Building codes throughout the United States prohibit residential ceiling fans from being mounted with the blades closer than seven feet from the floor; this sometimes proves, however, to not be
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employ a motor with a stationary inner core with a shell, made of cast iron, cast aluminum, or stamped steel, that revolves around it (commonly called a "spinner" motor). The blades are attached directly to this shell. Direct-drive motors are the least expensive motors to produce, and on the whole
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depending on the model. This fan was produced in numerous different forms from 1962 through 2005 and, while targeted at commercial settings, also found great success in residential settings. Casablanca Fan Co. also made stack-motor fans with concealed flywheels rather than dropped flywheels. While
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adapted their "K63" motor, commonly used in household appliances and industrial machinery, to be used in ceiling fans. This new "stack" motor, along with Encon's cast aluminum 20 pole motor, proved to be powerful, yet energy-efficient, and aided in the comeback of ceiling fans in
America, since it
811:
This style of fan is equipped with a metal-bead chain or cloth cord which, when pulled, cycles the fan through the operational speed(s) and then back to off. These fans typically have between one and four speeds. Fans with lights usually have a second pull chain which is to control light, and it's
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A switch housing (also known as a "switch cup" or "nose column"), a metal or plastic cylinder mounted below and in the center of the fan's motor. The switch housing is used to conceal and protect various components, which can include wires, capacitors, and switches; on fans that require oiling, it
568:
For heating, ceiling fans should be set to blow the air upward. Air naturally stratifies, i.e. warmer air rises to the ceiling while cooler air sinks, meaning that colder air settles near the floor where people spend most of their time. A ceiling fan, with its direction of rotation set so that the
552:
While ceiling fan manufacturers (mainly
Emerson) have had electrically reversible motors in production since the 1930s, most fans made before the mid-1970s are either not reversible at all or mechanically reversible (have adjustable blade pitch) instead of an electrically reversible motor. In this
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The direction that a fan spins should change based on whether the room needs to be heated or cooled. Unlike air conditioners, fans only move air—they do not directly change its temperature. Therefore, ceiling fans that have a mechanism for reversing the direction in which the blades push air (most
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most ceiling fans were made with four blades instead of the original two, which made fans quieter and allowed them to circulate more air. The early turn-of-the-century companies who successfully commercialized the sale of ceiling fans in the United States were what is today known as the Hunter Fan
884:. The old one is called electrical fan regulator that works on the principle of reducing voltage and the new one is called electronic fan regulator that works on the principle of switching that control the time duration of the power supply. The new electronic fan regulator is more power efficient.
646:
J-hook and
Shackle clamp. A type of mounting system where the ceiling fan hangs on a hardened metal hook, screwed into the ceiling or bolted through a steel I-beam. The fan can be mounted directly on a ceiling hook, making the junction box optional. A porcelain or rubber grommet is used to reduce
585:
More recently, however, residential ceiling fan designers have been making increasing use of contoured blades in an effort to boost ceiling fan efficiency. This contour, while serving to effectively boost the fan's performance while operating in downdraft, can hinder performance when operating in
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technology which offers much higher efficiency than normal fans driven with traditional AC motors. These are quieter than AC motor fans due to the fact that they are commutated electronically and use permanent magnet rotors. Among the other advantages, these fans offer are high efficiency, lower
1042:
variety. These motors are lubricated by means of a thrust bearing submerged in an oil-bath and must be oiled periodically, usually once or twice per year. Because these fans are so sturdily built, and due to their utter lack of electronic components, it is not uncommon to see cast-iron fans aged
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A pull-chain and variable-speed control are present. Such a fan has two speeds controlled by a pull-chain: high (full power, independent of the position of the variable-speed control), and "Vari-Lo" (speed determined by the position of the variable-speed control). In some cases, maximum speed on
594:
The most commonplace use of ceiling fans today is in conjunction with an air conditioning unit. Without an operating ceiling fan, air conditioning units typically have both the tasks of cooling the air inside the room and circulating it. Provided the ceiling fan is properly sized for the room in
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fans to the masses. However, important inroads have been made in design by companies such as Monte Carlo, Minka Aire, Quorum, Craftmade, Litex and
Fanimation - offering higher price ceiling fans with more decorative value. In 2001, Washington Post writer Patricia Dane Rogers wrote, "Like so many
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Flywheel, a metal, plastic, or tough rubber double-torus that is attached to the motor shaft and to which the blade irons may be attached. The flywheel inner ring is locked to the shaft by a lock-screw and the blade irons to the outer ring by screws or bolts that feed into tapped metal inserts.
472:
Through the 1980s and 1990s, ceiling fans remained popular in the United States. Many small
American importers, most of them rather short-lived, started importing ceiling fans. Throughout the 1980s, the balance of sales between American-made ceiling fans and those imported from manufacturers in
1234:
This short-lived type of ceiling fan was attempted by companies such as Emerson and NuTone in the late 1970s with little success. Its advantage was its tremendously low power consumption, but the fans were unreliable and very noisy, in addition to being grievously under-powered. Friction-drive
1222:
They have an open-frame ("skeletal") design, which allows for far better ventilation and therefore a longer lifespan. This is in comparison to a regular direct-drive motor's design, in which the motor's inner workings are completely enclosed within a tight metal shell which may or may not have
944:
are typically used in stores, schools, churches, offices, factories, and warehouses. Such a fan is designed to be more cost-effective and energy-efficient than its household counterpart. Industrial or commercial ceiling fans typically use three or four blades, typically made of either steel or
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bad start/run capacitor, or a capacitor with a wrong capacitance size for the motor. A bad or wrong start/run capacitor causes the winding current phase on main windings and auxiliary windings to not sync properly and can cause a hum. Also, humming may be reduced by having windings varnished.
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and distribution. This is important, for the risk of aerosol transmission in poorly ventilated places is much higher as proven by cases in hospital wards, restaurants, and offices. According to an experiment using tracer gas it was found that ceiling fans could reduce the exposure risk of the
323:
around 500 BC. These were cut from an Indian palmyra leaf which forms its rather large blade, moving slowly in a pendular manner. Originally operated manually by a cord and nowadays powered electrically using a belt-driven system, these punkahs move air by going to and fro. In comparison to a
890:
With this style of control, all of the fan's functions— on/off status, speed, the direction of rotation, and any attached light fixtures— are controlled by a computerized wall control, which typically does not require any special wiring. Instead, it uses the normal house wiring to send coded
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effect, speeding the evaporation of perspiration on human skin, which makes the body's natural cooling mechanism much more efficient. As a result of this phenomenon, the air conditioning thermostat can be set a few degrees higher than normal when a fan is in operation, greatly reducing power
703:
Assorted switches used for turning the fan on and off, adjusting the speed at which the blades rotate, changing the direction in which the blades rotate, and operating any lamps that may be present. Some fans have remote controls to adjust speed and turn the light off and
456:
Due to this renewed commercial success using ceiling fans effectively as an energy conservation application, many American manufacturers also started to produce, or significantly increase the production of, ceiling fans. In addition to the imported Encon ceiling fans, the
1462:
In other countries, ceiling fans usually come with a warning to install the fan so that the blades are 2.3 meters above the floor or higher, as instructed by the IEC and similar bodies. This rule applies to all "high level fans" including but not limited to ceiling fans.
642:
Ball-and-socket system. With this system, there is a metal or plastic hemisphere mounted on the end of the downrod; this hemisphere rests in a ceiling-mounted metal bracket, or self-supporting canopy, and allows the fan to move freely (which is very useful on vaulted
539:
and naturally ventilated spaces. In naturally ventilated spaces, ceiling fans are effective at drawing in and circulating fresh outdoor air. In mechanically ventilated spaces, fans can be focused to channel and circulate conditioned air in a room.
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629:
Rubber or plastic flywheels may become brittle and break, a common cause of fan failure. Replacing the flywheel may require disconnecting wiring and requires removing the switch housing that's on the way for the flywheel to be removed and replaced.
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of the 1930s, until the introduction of electric air conditioning in the 1950s, ceiling fans slowly faded out of vogue in the U.S., almost falling into total disuse in the U.S. by the 1960s; those that remained were considered items of nostalgia.
1061:(manufactured by the Hunter Fan Co.) is by far the most recognizable example of a cast-iron ceiling fan today. It has enjoyed the longest production run of any fan in history, dating from 1906 to the present day. The Hunter Original employed a
1021:
Wet-rated fans have a completely sealed motor which can withstand direct exposure to rainwater, snow and can even be washed off with a garden hose. Both industrial and residential fans come in dry-rated as well as damp and wet-rated varieties.
1015:
are designed for use in partially enclosed or open outdoor spaces. The body and blades are made of materials and finishes that are not as drastically affected by moisture, temperature swings, or humidity as traditional materials and finishes.
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which it is operating, its efficiency of moving air far exceeds that of an air conditioning unit, therefore, for peak efficiency, the air conditioner should be set to a low fan setting and the ceiling fan should be used to circulate the air.
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Even a very slight wobble can also cause a pull chain to swing, if fan is at right RPM, and as the pull chain swings, it can weaken the part that flexes, which can eventually cause it to break, meaning that a pull chain can fall on someone.
381:
Almost immediately he faced fierce competition due to the commercial success of the ceiling fan. He continued to make improvements to his invention and created a light kit fitted to the ceiling fan to combine both functions in one unit. By
875:
This style of switch takes varying physical forms. The wall control, which contains a motor speed regulator of some sort, determines how much power is delivered to the fan and therefore how fast it spins. Older such controls employed a
1316:
popular mostly in many developing countries as they are a cheap alternative to traditional paddle type ceiling fans. Many American manufacturers, such as "Fanimation" have started producing high quality designer versions of such fans.
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case, the blades should be pitched with the upturned edge leading for downdraft, and with the downturned edge leading for updraft. Hunter's "Adaptair" mechanism is perhaps the most well-known example of mechanical reversibility.
937:
usually have 4 or 5 wooden blades, a decorative motor housing, and a standard three speed motor with pull-chain switch control. These fans come in two varieties, with or without a light kit, depending on the price and consumer
903:
In recent years, remote controls have dropped in price to become cost-effective for controlling ceiling fans. They may be supplied with fans or fitted to an existing fan. The hand-held remote transmits radio frequency or
908:
control signals to a receiver unit installed in the fan. However, these may not be ideal for commercial installations as the controllers require batteries. They can also get misplaced, especially in installs with many
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changed dramatically with imported fans taking the lion's share of the market by the late 1980s. Even the most basic U.S-made fans sold for $ 200 to $ 500, while the most expensive imported fans rarely exceeded $ 150.
1532:
Wobble in some case can cause wires inside the motor to wriggle, and then eventually reach the top of the motor, which can then yank the wires out of the windings. That is fixable, but it may not be very easy to fix.
925:
Ceiling fans can be classified into three main categories based on their use and functionality. Each type offers some unique advantages over the others and hence is suitable for a specific application. These include
812:
usually on/off, but sometimes it's three way, in which case it would be some lights, other lights, all lights, and off. Some fans, usually outdoor rated or Canadian, have another pull chain to change direction.
515:
fans do not change air temperature and humidity, but move it around, fans can aid in both the heating and cooling of a space. Because of this, ceiling fans are often an instrumental element of low energy
2261:
292:. Fans add a small amount of heat to the room mainly due to waste heat from the motor, and partially due to friction. Fans use significantly less power than air conditioning as cooling air is
713:
Downlights, often referred to as a "light kit", which add ambient light to a room and can be used to replace any ceiling-mounted lamps that were displaced by the installation of a ceiling fan
1065:
from its inception until 1984 (the 91.44 cm Original remained shaded pole before it was replaced with the 106.68 cm Original in 1985), at which point it was changed to a much more efficient
560: usually counter-clockwise from beneath, but dependent upon manufacturer. The blades should lead with the upturned edge as they spin. The breeze created by a ceiling fan creates a
296:
expensive. In the winter, fans move warmer air, which naturally rises, back down to occupants. This can affect both thermostat readings and occupants' comfort, thereby improving the
716:
Decorative lights mounted inside the motor housing — in this type of setup, the motor housing side-band often has glass or acrylic panel sections, which allow light to shine though.
667:
ceilings ranging in height between 2.286 m and 2.5908 m. A disadvantage to this design is that since the blades are mounted so close to the ceiling, air movement is greatly reduced.
831:
The variable-speed dial controlling the fan entirely; to turn the fan on, the user turns the knob until it clicks out of the "off" position, and can then choose the fan's speed.
461:
was founded in 1974. Other American manufacturers of the time included the Hunter Fan Co. (which was then a division of Robbins & Myers, Inc), FASCO (F. A. Smith Co.), and
891:
electrical pulses to the fan, which decodes and acts on them using a built-in set of electronics. This style of control typically has anywhere from three to seven speeds.
700:
Blade badges, decorative adornments attached to the visible underside of the blades for the purpose of concealing the screws used to attach the blades to the blade irons.
1450:
structural element of the ceiling, such as a ceiling joist. Should an improperly mounted fan fall, especially a 22.7 kg cast iron fan, the result could be catastrophic.
1038:
These account for almost all ceiling fans made since their invention in 1882 through the mid-1960s. A cast-iron housing encases a very heavy-duty motor, usually of the
636:
in 1991, the one-piece die-cast rotor receives and secures the blades and bolts right to the motor, eliminating most balance problems and minimizing exposed fasteners.
834:
Variable speed pull-chain. This setup is similar to the variable-speed dial discussed above, except that a "dual chain" setup is used to turn the potentiometer shaft.
284:
air. They cool people effectively by increasing air speed. Fans do not reduce air temperature or relative humidity, unlike air-conditioning equipment, but create a
1433:
A typical ceiling fan weighs between 3.6 and 22.7 kg when fully assembled. While many junction boxes can support that weight while the fan is hanging still, a fan
355:, to drive a system of belts which would turn the blades of two-blade fan units. These systems could accommodate several fan units, and became popular in stores,
1420:
to improving thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption from air-conditioning, ceiling fans have been studied as a tool that could potentially affect
531:
by allowing for a higher ambient air temperature while keeping occupants comfortable. Fans are an especially economic choice in warm, humid environments.
1188:
have a stationary decorative cover (motor housing). "Spinner-motor" fans account for nearly all fans manufactured from the late 1980s to the present.
493:
Ceiling fan technology has not evolved much since 1980, with a notable exception being the semi-recent increase in availability of energy-efficient,
710:
Uplights, which are installed on top of the fan's motor housing and project light up onto the ceiling, for aesthetic reasons (to "create ambience")
1875:
2019 16th China International Forum on Solid State Lighting & 2019 International Forum on Wide Bandgap Semiconductors China (SSLChina: IFWS)
697:
often conceals the oil reservoir which lubricates the bearings. The switch housing also makes for a convenient place to mount a light kit.
1069:
motor. Though the fan's physical appearance remains virtually unchanged, the motor was downgraded in 2002 when production was shipped to
469:. Smaller, short-lived companies include NuTone, Southern Fan Co., A&G Machinery Co., Homestead, Hallmark, Union, Lasko, and Evergo.
1355:
is a type of low velocity ceiling fan that can be used for air circulation around a targeted area. The back and forth motion increases
625:
Blade irons (also known as blade brackets, blade arms, blade holders, or flanges), which hold the blades and connect them to the motor.
374:, and in 1882 he adapted that motor for use in a ceiling-mounted fan. Each fan had its own self-contained motor unit, with no need for
690:
A downrod, a metal pipe used to suspend the fan from the ceiling. Downrods come in many lengths and widths, depending on the fan type.
2397:
2232:
Li, Wenxin; Hasama, Takamasa; Chong, Adrian; Hang, Joo Guan; Lasternas, Bertrand; Lam, Khee Poh; Tham, Kwok Wai (November 14, 2022).
2029:
1808:
801:
The way in which a fan is operated depends on its manufacturer, style, and the era in which it was made. Operating methods include:
1369:
Before the current switched from DC to AC, there were productions of brushed DC ceiling fans. Those are wired directly to DC wires.
549:
commonly an electrical switch on the unit's switch housing, motor housing, or lower canopy) can help in both heating and cooling.
1441:—on the object from which it is hung; this can cause an improper junction box to fail. For this reason, in the United States the
865:
Some fans have their control(s) mounted on the wall instead of on the fans themselves; these are very common with industrial and
1191:
Spinner fans employ a direct-drive motor and do not have a stationary decorative cover (motor housing). This accounts for most
1226:
These are typically larger than regular direct-drive motors and, as a result, are more powerful and less prone to burning out.
1890:
1525:
and all blades have the same distance from adjacent blades. It can also be reduced by having balancing weight on the blades.
1446:
2075:"A review of strategies and their effectiveness in reducing indoor airborne transmission and improving indoor air quality"
390:
By the 1920s, ceiling fans became commonplace in the United States and had started to take hold internationally. From the
192:
2300:
Savage, Adam; Hyneman, Jamie; Chapman, Scottie; Belleci, Tory; Byron, Kari (December 5, 2004). "Ming Dynasty Astronaut".
1340:
to push air outwards from the fan, which is also the case of regular ceiling fans on updraft mode. These fans feature a
1223:
openings for ventilation; even when openings are present, they are almost always small to the point of being inadequate.
1195:
fans (though such fans sometimes have more moderate-quality motors), and inexpensive residential fans commonly found in
164:
2339:
2138:
Li, Wenxin; Chong, Adrian; Hasama, Takamasa; Xu, Lei; Lasternas, Bertrand; Tham, Kwok Wai; Lam, Khee Poh (July 2021).
1632:
780:
229:
211:
109:
52:
1509:
Contrary to popular misconception, wobbling alone will not cause a ceiling fan to fall. Ceiling fans are secured by
762:
91:
2875:
1854:
838:
with one chain. Using this method, the user can have either the fan or light on individually, both on, or both off.
171:
2238:
2001:
1066:
2187:"Assessment of airflow and heat transfer around a thermal manikin in a premise served by DOAS and ceiling fans"
1962:
1184:
Spinner-motor fans, sometimes incorrectly referred to as "spinners", employ a direct-drive (spinner) motor and
758:
622:
Blades (also known as paddles or wings) usually made from solid wood, plywood, steel, aluminium, MDF or plastic
418:
equipment impractical. In 1973, Texas entrepreneur H. W. (Hub) Markwardt began importing ceiling fans into the
149:
76:
406:
Meanwhile, ceiling fans became very popular in other countries, particularly those with hot climates, such as
2516:
2390:
2369:
1017:
527:
systems in buildings. Depending on the energy use of the fan system, fans can be an efficient way to improve
178:
2185:
Hasama, Takamasa; Mihara, Kuniaki; Sekhar, Chandra; Cheong, Kok Wai David; Tham, Kwok Wai (April 15, 2022).
2885:
1596:
1081:
These fans with highly efficient cast aluminum housings, were invented in 1957 by Crompton-Greaves, Ltd of
754:
145:
38:
1987:
2865:
2660:
1051:
A cast-iron ceiling fan made by Hunter, dating from the early 1980s. This model is called the "Original".
502:
430:, Ltd. Crompton Greaves had been manufacturing ceiling fans since 1937 through a joint venture formed by
1832:, Stutzman, Clarence, "Combined ceiling mounted fan and lighting fixture", issued 1983-05-10
160:
2880:
1410:
upgrade capability. The speed, brightness and timing of the fans can be adjusted with a smartphone app.
536:
414:, where a lack of infrastructure and/or financial resources made energy-hungry and complex freon-based
2186:
1915:
1337:
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1123:
was far less expensive to operate than air conditioning. With this design (which consists of a basic
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2383:
1271:
1119:
743:
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819:
747:
367:
138:
87:
285:
2801:
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1442:
458:
387:
Company, Robbins & Myers, Century Electric, Westinghouse Corporation and Emerson Electric.
360:
2247:
1729:"Thermal comfort and self-reported productivity in an office with ceiling fans in the tropics"
2796:
2625:
2548:
2015:
1664:
1421:
535:
and satisfaction among occupants. Ceiling fans aid in the distribution of fresh air in both
2234:"Transient Transmissions of Droplets and Aerosols in Ventilation Systems with Ceiling Fans"
2086:
1882:
1871:"Effect of Illuminance and Light Strobe on Attention and Visual Fatigue in Indoor Lighting"
1740:
297:
319:
style ceiling fans are based on the earliest form of the fan, which was first invented in
8:
2839:
2563:
2504:
2033:
1438:
1290:
As stated earlier in this article, the first ceiling fans used a water-powered system of
877:
524:
506:
other mundane household objects, these old standbys are going high-style and high-tech."
185:
2090:
1744:
556:
For cooling, the fan's direction of rotation should usually be set so that air is blown
2754:
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1943:
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1115:
449:
435:
2073:
Nair, Ajith N.; Anand, Prashant; George, Abraham; Mondal, Nilabhra (October 1, 2022).
1299:
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2159:
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1947:
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1039:
370:. He had engineered the electric motor used in the first electrically powered Singer
289:
83:
2139:
2055:
1760:
1710:
1466:
In Australia, building codes require fans to be mounted at least 2.1 meters high.
359:, and offices. Some of these systems survive today, and can be seen in parts of the
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339:
Some of the first rotary ceiling fans appeared in the early 1860s and 1870s in the
44:
2316:
1914:
Kent, Michael G.; Cheung, Toby; Li, Jiayu; Schiavon, Stefano (September 1, 2020).
1702:
281:
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1829:
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528:
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332:
301:
1776:"The Improvement of Ventilation Design in School Buildings Using CFD Simulation"
2834:
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around cooling sources, like chilled waterfalls at the Lavin Bernick Center at
1204:
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898:
617:
494:
445:
431:
371:
344:
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273:
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2275:
2140:"Effects of ceiling fans on airborne transmission in an air-conditioned space"
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1939:
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822:
466:
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244:
1849:
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1102:
828:
Different fan manufacturers used variable-speed controls in different ways:
632:
Rotor, an alternative to blade irons. First patented by industrial designer
2744:
2690:
2670:
2494:
2484:
2477:
2435:
2233:
2124:
1484:
1391:
996:
1727:
Lipczynska, Aleksandra; Schiavon, Stefano; Graham, Lindsay T. (May 2018).
1181:
ceiling fans sold today, and has commonly been used by most other brands.
1031:
is a list of major ceiling fan styles and their defining characteristics:
2808:
2771:
2761:
2702:
2489:
2430:
1479:
1323:
1208:
975:
are large-diameter ceiling fans, intended for large spaces such as large
961:
954:
869:
fans. Such controls are usually proprietary and/or specialized switches.
818:
During the 1970s and into the mid-1980s, fans were often produced with a
806:
411:
383:
2685:
2640:
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2613:
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2523:
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252:
1414:
1106:
A close-up of the dropped flywheel on a FASCO "Charleston" ceiling fan
398:
2635:
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2425:
1571:
1551:
1514:
1327:
1304:
1278:
1255:
made gear driven ceiling fans and sold them exclusively through the "
1178:
927:
793:
693:
A decorative encasement for the motor (known as the "motor housing").
633:
482:
16:
Type of fan appliance permanently mounted to the ceiling horizontally
1160:
1094:
1003:
732:
331:
Ceiling fan originally installed in the dining room of the house in
288:
effect by helping to evaporate sweat and increase heat exchange via
127:
94:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
2734:
2645:
2568:
1407:
1132:
905:
881:
660:
277:
2375:
1916:"Experimental evaluation of visual flicker caused by ceiling fans"
1098:
The Emerson "Heat Fan", the first ceiling fan to use a stack motor
1047:
402:
Late '80s Usha Prima, one of the most common ceiling fans in India
2781:
2707:
2620:
2445:
1869:
Yang, Jin; Zhang, Tianchi; Lin, Yandan; Xu, Wei (November 2019).
1395:
1144:
980:
439:
352:
324:
rotating fan, it creates a gentle breeze rather than an airflow.
269:
2665:
2364:
1576:
1518:
1236:
1196:
1136:
1124:
1070:
478:
316:
308:, eliminating the need for separate overhead lights in a room.
1687:"Energy saving and improved comfort by increased air movement"
1469:
1240:
heavy device at a slow speed without great energy consumption
1152:
1114:
In the late 1970s, due to rising energy costs prompted by the
686:
Other components, which vary by model and style, can include:
1082:
656:
486:
474:
423:
407:
366:
The electrically powered ceiling fan was invented in 1882 by
348:
320:
949:
ceiling fans are very popular for household applications in
2717:
2299:
1336:
This type was introduced in 2012 by Exhale fans and uses a
1260:
1043:
eighty years or more running strong and still in use today.
950:
516:
857:
Old-style choke and new-style capacitor based wall control
797:
A modern pull-chain operated ceiling fan with its light on
1614:
992:
639:
A mechanism for mounting the fan to the ceiling such as:
2319:. International Association of Certified Home Inspectors
2184:
2056:"Best 7 Smart Ceiling Fans 2020: Google, Alexa and Wifi"
1726:
2002:"Indoor vs. Outdoor Ceiling Fans: A Where to Use Guide"
1848:
Raftery, Paul; Douglass-Jaimes, David (March 1, 2020).
1648:
Dane Roger, Patricia (June 14, 2001). "Eye on Design".
1597:"Punkah. hand-operated hanging fan the colonial legacy"
1322:
are mostly found in less developed places, such as the
1131:), the fan's blades mount to a central hub, known as a
612:
The key components of a ceiling fan are the following:
1847:
1488:
leaping towards his bed and entering the fan side-on.
2072:
1685:
Schiavon, Stefano; Melikov, Arsen K. (January 2008).
343:. At that time, they were not powered by any form of
2304:. Season 2. Episode 24. Begins at 25:45. Discovery.
1913:
1428:
1663:Arens, Edward; Turner, Stephen; Zhang, Hui (2009).
1453:
1415:
Effects on Airborne Transmission & Distribution
152:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1963:"Electrical(Old) VS Electronic(New) Fan Regulator"
1616:
2231:
1967:ETechnoG - Electrical, Electronics and Technology
1809:"Ceiling Fan Study: Literature and Market Report"
1483:tested the idea that a ceiling fan is capable of
2852:
1662:
2137:
1684:
1406:based design, flexibility in fine controls and
1079:20 pole Induction "Pancake" motor ceiling fans.
1868:
1641:
2391:
1282:Three fans driven by a single motor and belts
2337:
1988:"How Many Ceiling Fans On a 20 Amp Circuit?"
1615:Scharff, Robert; Casablanca Fan Co. (1983).
1398:and Wifi. A vast majority of these fans use
2340:"Super Inspector Finds Noisy Ceiling Fan -"
2276:"Information & Tips - Fans FAQ Section"
1164:A modern three blade spinner fan from India
761:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2398:
2384:
2308:
1647:
1363:, helping to cool a greater volume of air.
2114:
2008:
1791:
1623:. Reston, VA: Reston Publishing. p.
1610:
1608:
1606:
1090:than a household incandescent light bulb.
781:Learn how and when to remove this message
452:"Delta" ceiling fan from the early 1980s.
230:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
110:Learn how and when to remove this message
1960:
1828:
1806:
1773:
1437:exerts many additional stresses—notably
1298:
1277:
1159:
1151:
1101:
1093:
1046:
1002:
960:
852:
792:
582:are contoured to have a downdraft bias.
444:
397:
326:
304:. Many ceiling fan units also double as
251:
243:
1774:Song, Jiafang; Meng, Xiangquan (2015).
1344:instead of a normal direct-drive motor.
598:
2853:
1994:
1883:10.1109/SSLChinaIFWS49075.2019.9019810
1603:
965:A 5-blade ceiling fan in a restaurant.
930:, industrial and large-diameter fans.
2379:
2032:. www.hunterfan.co.uk. Archived from
942:Commercial or industrial ceiling fans
363:where they originally proved useful.
2314:
1722:
1720:
1295:in place of the water-powered motor.
845:Vari-Lo setting is slower than high.
759:adding citations to reliable sources
726:
150:adding citations to reliable sources
121:
59:
18:
2405:
589:
13:
2338:superacademy (November 17, 2022).
2331:
1263:ceiling fans have a gearbox motor.
1259:" magazine in the 1980s, and some
920:
14:
2897:
2357:
1961:ETechnoG, Team (April 15, 2021).
1717:
1429:Safety concerns with installation
1267:Internal belt-drive ceiling fans.
1085:and were first imported into the
34:This article has multiple issues.
2363:
1855:Center for the Built Environment
1454:Low-hanging fans/danger to limbs
1386:These fans can be controlled by
731:
351:was used, in conjunction with a
126:
64:
23:
2293:
2268:
2254:
2239:Social Science Research Network
2225:
2178:
2131:
2066:
2048:
2022:
2016:"How does the Exhale Fan work?"
1980:
1954:
1907:
1862:
1841:
1816:Hawaii Natural Energy Institute
347:. Instead, a stream of running
137:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
2203:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.108902
2156:10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107887
1932:10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107060
1822:
1800:
1767:
1753:10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.03.013
1678:
1656:
1589:
677:
576:
1:
1703:10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.05.001
1582:
1303:Orbit fans inside a train in
465:; which was often branded as
2099:10.1016/j.envres.2022.113579
1793:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.09.073
1232:Friction-drive ceiling fans.
1156:A spinner fan with light kit
722:
543:
272:of a room or space, usually
7:
2661:Instant hot water dispenser
1545:
1013:Indoor/outdoor ceiling fans
1007:A High-volume low-speed fan
335:, turned by the water wheel
90:the claims made and adding
10:
2902:
1850:"Ceiling Fan Design Guide"
1536:
1373:Brushless DC ceiling fans.
1235:ceiling fans employ a low-
422:that were manufactured in
311:
2827:
2413:
1500:
1288:Belt-driven ceiling fans.
1170:Direct-drive ceiling fans
1112:Stack-motor ceiling fans.
1067:permanent split-capacitor
2317:"Ceiling Fan Inspection"
2191:Building and Environment
2144:Building and Environment
1920:Building and Environment
1733:Building and Environment
1665:"Moving Air for Comfort"
1367:Brushed DC ceiling fans.
1252:Gear-drive ceiling fans.
1025:
873:Mechanical wall control.
607:
276:, that uses hub-mounted
2876:19th-century inventions
2681:Laundry-folding machine
2030:"DC vs AC Ceiling Fans"
1375:This type of fans uses
1334:Bladeless ceiling fans.
1036:Cast-iron ceiling fans.
816:Variable-speed control.
537:mechanically ventilated
509:
256:A ceiling fan mid-spin.
2079:Environmental Research
1473:: "Killer Ceiling Fan"
1443:National Electric Code
1392:Amazon Alexa Assistant
1308:
1283:
1165:
1157:
1107:
1099:
1052:
1008:
966:
858:
823:variable-speed control
798:
459:Casablanca Fan Company
453:
403:
361:southern United States
336:
257:
249:
2549:Electric water boiler
2262:"CB TEST CERTIFICATE"
2062:. September 29, 2019.
2018:. Exhale Fans Europe.
1422:airborne transmission
1302:
1281:
1163:
1155:
1105:
1097:
1059:The Hunter 'Original'
1050:
1006:
964:
888:Digital wall control.
863:Wall-mounted control.
856:
796:
448:
401:
330:
255:
247:
2372:at Wikimedia Commons
2036:on February 21, 2015
1877:. pp. 149–152.
1780:Procedia Engineering
1691:Energy and Buildings
1674:. Journal 51: 18–28.
1402:motors due to their
755:improve this section
599:Flicker and strobing
274:electrically powered
248:A modern ceiling fan
146:improve this article
2886:American inventions
2840:Appliance recycling
2564:Electric toothbrush
2091:2022ER....213k3579N
2060:Smart Living Advice
1745:2018BuEnv.135..202L
1650:The Washington Post
1513:locked with either
1384:Smart ceiling fans.
913:Directional Switch.
809:/pull-cord control.
525:natural ventilation
2866:Cooling technology
2696:Robotic lawn mower
2579:Evaporative cooler
1342:brushless DC motor
1309:
1284:
1166:
1158:
1143:and later moulded
1108:
1100:
1053:
1009:
967:
859:
799:
454:
450:Casablanca Fan Co.
436:Crompton Parkinson
404:
337:
258:
250:
75:possibly contains
2881:German inventions
2848:
2847:
2468:Coffee percolator
2451:Immersion blender
2368:Media related to
2242:. Rochester, NY.
1990:. April 13, 2022.
1892:978-1-7281-5756-6
1807:MK Think (2017).
1697:(10): 1954–1960.
1338:bladeless turbine
1320:Mini ceiling fans
1063:shaded-pole motor
989:railway platforms
791:
790:
783:
298:energy efficiency
294:thermodynamically
240:
239:
232:
222:
221:
214:
196:
120:
119:
112:
77:original research
57:
2893:
2871:Ventilation fans
2656:Induction cooker
2626:Garbage disposer
2574:Espresso machine
2529:Electric blanket
2400:
2393:
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2376:
2367:
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2315:Gromicko, Nick.
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1593:
1388:Google Assistant
1270:a model sold by
1193:industrial-style
947:Industrial style
786:
779:
775:
772:
766:
735:
727:
678:
590:Air conditioning
559:
558:downward —
463:Emerson Electric
428:Crompton Greaves
416:air conditioning
392:Great Depression
235:
228:
217:
210:
206:
203:
197:
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154:
130:
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2740:Pressure cooker
2723:Convection oven
2651:Ice cream maker
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2421:Air conditioner
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1404:microcontroller
1257:Family Handyman
1217:Skeletal motors
1028:
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921:Classifications
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529:thermal comfort
521:passive cooling
512:
485:and eventually
372:sewing machines
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268:mounted on the
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2767:Sewing machine
2764:
2759:
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2752:
2750:Crisper drawer
2742:
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2544:Electric knife
2541:
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2534:Electric drill
2531:
2526:
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2512:Domestic robot
2509:
2508:
2507:
2505:drying cabinet
2497:
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2441:Barbecue grill
2438:
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2415:
2411:
2410:
2403:
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2395:
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2380:
2374:
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2359:
2358:External links
2356:
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2330:
2307:
2292:
2280:Universal Fans
2267:
2253:
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2177:
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2065:
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2007:
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1209:Middle Eastern
1205:Southeast Asia
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1024:
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1000:
985:shopping malls
959:
958:
939:
935:Household fans
922:
919:
918:
917:
910:
899:remote control
894:
893:
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771:September 2011
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432:Greaves Cotton
345:electric motor
313:
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306:light fixtures
238:
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2676:Kitchen stove
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2476:
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2474:
2473:Clothes dryer
2471:
2469:
2466:
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2461:
2459:
2458:Bread machine
2456:
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2035:
2031:
2025:
2017:
2011:
2004:. DelMarFans.
2003:
1997:
1989:
1983:
1968:
1964:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
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1794:
1789:
1786:: 1475–1481.
1785:
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1738:
1734:
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1659:
1652:. p. H5.
1651:
1644:
1636:
1634:0-8359-1855-6
1630:
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1401:
1397:
1396:Apple Homekit
1393:
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1371:
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1198:
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1190:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:Harbor Breeze
1176:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1116:energy crisis
1113:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1087:United States
1084:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1041:
1037:
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1019:
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986:
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808:
804:
803:
802:
795:
785:
782:
774:
764:
760:
756:
750:
749:
745:
740:This section
738:
734:
729:
728:
715:
712:
709:
708:
706:
702:
699:
695:
692:
689:
688:
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658:
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583:
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518:
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496:
491:
488:
484:
480:
476:
470:
468:
467:Sears-Roebuck
464:
460:
451:
447:
443:
441:
437:
434:of India and
433:
429:
425:
421:
420:United States
417:
413:
409:
400:
396:
393:
388:
385:
379:
377:
373:
369:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
341:United States
334:
329:
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318:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
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216:
213:
205:
194:
191:
187:
184:
180:
177:
173:
170:
166:
163: –
162:
161:"Ceiling fan"
158:
157:Find sources:
151:
147:
141:
140:
135:This article
133:
129:
124:
123:
114:
111:
103:
93:
89:
85:
79:
78:
73:This article
71:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2745:Refrigerator
2691:Riding mower
2671:Kitchen hood
2603:
2495:Dehumidifier
2485:Clothes iron
2436:Air purifier
2370:Ceiling fans
2343:. Retrieved
2333:
2321:. Retrieved
2310:
2301:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2279:
2270:
2256:
2237:
2227:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2147:
2143:
2133:
2082:
2078:
2068:
2059:
2050:
2038:. Retrieved
2034:the original
2024:
2010:
1996:
1982:
1972:December 10,
1970:. Retrieved
1966:
1956:
1923:
1919:
1909:
1874:
1864:
1853:
1843:
1824:
1815:
1802:
1783:
1779:
1769:
1736:
1732:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1671:
1658:
1649:
1643:
1619:The Fan Book
1618:
1591:
1540:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1508:
1504:
1485:decapitation
1478:
1476:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1435:in operation
1434:
1432:
1418:
1383:
1372:
1366:
1352:
1349:pendulum fan
1348:
1333:
1319:
1312:
1287:
1266:
1251:
1241:
1231:
1216:
1185:
1169:
1111:
1078:
1058:
1035:
1029:
1012:
997:Big Ass Fans
970:
941:
938:preferences.
934:
924:
912:
896:
887:
872:
862:
841:
815:
805:
800:
777:
768:
753:Please help
741:
685:
651:, including
611:
602:
593:
584:
580:
571:
567:
555:
551:
547:
533:
513:
503:brushless DC
492:
471:
455:
405:
389:
380:
368:Philip Diehl
365:
338:
333:Perry's Camp
315:
261:
259:
241:
226:
208:
199:
189:
182:
175:
168:
156:
144:Please help
139:verification
136:
106:
97:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
2809:Waffle iron
2772:Slow cooker
2762:Rice cooker
2703:Leaf blower
2490:Coffeemaker
2431:Air ioniser
2345:October 13,
2302:MythBusters
1739:: 202–212.
1511:clevis pins
1480:MythBusters
1471:MythBusters
1324:Philippines
1272:Toastmaster
1175:Hampton Bay
1040:shaded-pole
955:Middle East
820:solid-state
577:Blade shape
501:controlled
412:Middle East
384:World War I
357:restaurants
262:ceiling fan
2855:Categories
2686:Lawn mower
2641:Humidifier
2631:Hair dryer
2609:Fan heater
2524:Deep fryer
2517:comparison
2500:Dishwasher
2463:Bug zapper
2197:: 108902.
2150:: 107887.
2085:: 113579.
1926:: 107060.
1830:US4382400A
1583:References
1567:Air cooler
1562:Window fan
1515:split pins
1490:Kari Byron
1445:(document
1357:turbulence
1313:Orbit fans
1244:Gear ratio
1211:countries.
1201:South Asia
1141:fiberglass
993:gymnasiums
977:warehouses
807:Pull-chain
653:Bangladesh
649:South Asia
643:ceilings).
562:wind chill
376:belt drive
290:convection
280:blades to
172:newspapers
84:improve it
39:improve it
2636:Hair iron
2599:bladeless
2426:Air fryer
2285:March 20,
2219:246978246
2211:0360-1323
2172:235512203
2164:0360-1323
2107:0013-9351
1948:225305290
1940:0360-1323
1901:212637051
1572:Fan death
1552:Attic fan
1477:In 2004,
1328:Indonesia
1305:Sri Lanka
1207:and many
972:HVLS fans
928:household
897:Wireless
742:does not
723:Operation
634:Ron Rezek
586:updraft.
544:Direction
483:Hong Kong
282:circulate
202:July 2011
88:verifying
45:talk page
2828:See also
2735:Pie iron
2646:Icemaker
2569:Epilator
2125:35714688
1818:: 50–51.
1761:55365037
1711:55323785
1546:See also
1408:firmware
1353:flap fan
1133:flywheel
953:and the
906:infrared
882:gang box
842:Vari-Lo.
661:Pakistan
410:and the
278:rotating
100:May 2015
2802:robotic
2792:central
2782:Toaster
2708:Lighter
2621:Freezer
2604:ceiling
2446:Blender
2323:May 31,
2248:4269544
2116:9192357
2087:Bibcode
2040:May 25,
1741:Bibcode
1537:Humming
1519:R-clips
1439:torsion
1145:plastic
1120:Emerson
981:hangars
763:removed
748:sources
573:floor.
440:England
353:turbine
312:History
286:cooling
270:ceiling
186:scholar
82:Please
2797:manual
2666:Juicer
2614:window
2246:
2217:
2209:
2170:
2162:
2123:
2113:
2105:
1946:
1938:
1899:
1889:
1836:
1759:
1709:
1672:ASHRAE
1631:
1577:Punkah
1501:Wobble
1361:Tulane
1237:torque
1197:Brazil
1137:NuTone
1125:stator
1071:Taiwan
707:Lamps
663:, etc.
495:remote
479:Taiwan
317:Punkah
188:
181:
174:
167:
159:
2755:smart
2713:Mixer
2594:attic
2478:combo
2414:Types
2215:S2CID
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