32:
255:, committed by attaching pressure-triggered bombs to the bodies of their victims, demanding ransoms, and when they weren't received, leaving the bombs to explode, killing their victims in the process. In this way, the group assassinated in 1977 the industrialist and chemical tycoon José María Bultó, and in 1978 the ex-mayor of Barcelona, Joaquín Viola, along with his wife.
270:
Seven people were arrested in connection with the killings of Bultó and the Violas. Two of them were tried in 1980; one was acquitted entirely, whilst Martínez
Vendrell, the other, was sentenced to a year and three months in prison, although this was not directly related to the assassinations.
271:
However, he had already served this time awaiting trial, so was immediately released. The remaining five were tried in 1982, saying at the time that they "learned of the assassination through the newspapers and television".
76:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
62:
244:. Jaume Martínez Vendrell, the leader of the military wing of the National Front, became its commander. EPOCA trained its militants in urban warfare techniques, smuggling in weaponry from
19:
This article is about the paramilitary group supporting
Catalan independence from Spain, active from 1976 to 1980. For the Civil War-era military unit, see
79:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
590:
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A number of additional arrests were made towards the end of 1980 in connection with the construction of the bombs that were used in the killings.
594:
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By 1979, the group had become inactive in comparison with many other contemporary groups. Following discussions with paramilitaries from
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818:[The suspects in the "Bultó case" declare that they learned of the assassination through the papers and TV].
371:
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Catalan Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
849:"Detenidos los presuntos constructores de las bombas que ocasionaron las muertes de Bultó y del matrimonio Viola"
851:[The suspected constructors of the bombs which caused the deaths of Bultó and the Violas are detained].
896:
44:
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262:, the groups decided to merge. This led to many of the better-trained EPOCA militants joining Terra Lliure.
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816:"Los procesados en el "caso Bultó" declara que se enteraron del asesinato por los diarios y la televisión"
241:
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La transición sangrienta : una historia violenta del proceso democrático en España, 1975-1983
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Campuzano
Carvajal, Francisco; Guereña, Jean-Louis; Orobon, Mark-Angele; et al. (2002).
116:
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Cuesta, Carlos (8 October 2013). "Maravillosos moderados" [Marvellous moderates].
8:
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Les nationalismes en
Espagne : de l'État libéral à l'État des autonomies, 1876-1978
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Jiménez Ramos, María; Domínguez
Iribarren, Florencio; Marrodán Ciordia, Javier (2019).
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ho va fer un comando de l'Exèrcit
Popular Català dirigit per Jaume Martínez Vendrell.
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616:] (in Spanish) (First ed.). Barcelona: Penguin Random House. p. 213.
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Nationalisms in Spain: from the liberal state to the state of autonomies, 1876-1978
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720:[The police reveal strange implications in the Viola and Bultó cases].
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Terrorism: understanding Terra Lliure using the
Structural-Cognitive Model
358:] (in French). Montpelier: Presses universitaires de la Méditerranée.
652:[Terra Lliure: The old violent actors burst into the 'process'].
429:[The circulation of clandestine books during the era of Franco].
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98:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Heridos y olvidados : los supervivientes del terrorismo en España
718:"La policía revela extrañas implicaciones en los casos Viola y Bultó"
173:
426:
319:] (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Madrid: La Esfera de los Libros.
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650:"Terra Lliure: Los antiguos violentos irrumpen en el 'procés'"
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427:"La circulació de llibres clandestins durant el franquisme"
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The group was founded in 1969, as a breakaway group of the
783:"Puestos en libertad los dos procesados por el caso Bultó"
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Injured and forgotten: the survivors of terrorism in Spain
785:[Freed: the two arrested in the Bultó case].
69:
65:
a machine-translated version of the
Catalan article.
402:"Dinero para un ejército independentista catalán".
251:The group came to prominence through a number of
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751:"Caso Bultó: dos sentencias con fallos dispares"
424:
94:accompanying your translation by providing an
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457:"Àngel Serra, alcalde republicà de Puig-reig"
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589:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
593:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
485:[The resurgence of Terra Lliure].
406:(Basque Country ed.). 6 August 2016.
433:(in Catalan). No. 22. pp. 44–50
172:The creation of an independent state of
106:{{Translated|ca|Exèrcit Popular Català}}
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610:Breve historia del separatismo catalán
557:Sánchez Soler, Mariano, 1954- (2010).
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489:(in European Spanish). 16 October 2017
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232:group which existed during the 1970s.
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614:A brief history of Catalan separatism
561:(1a ed.). Barcelona: Península.
530:Segura Julian, Martí (30 June 2017).
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16:Catalan separatist paramilitary group
892:Secessionist organizations in Europe
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425:Cornellà-Detrell, Jordi (2018).
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847:Quinta, Alfons (1980-10-16).
814:Gor, Francisco (1982-01-12).
749:Gor, Francisco (1982-01-20).
608:Ucelay da Cal, Enric (2018).
483:"El resurgir de Terra Lliure"
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902:1969 establishments in Spain
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242:National Front of Catalonia
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789:(in Spanish). 1980-06-18.
724:(in Spanish). 1979-03-15.
686:La voz callada de Cataluña
534:(Master's degree thesis).
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68:Machine translation, like
21:People's Army of Catalonia
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455:Oriols, Pol Vila (2014).
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511:(in Spanish). Madrid.
364:10.4000/books.pulm.761
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216:Exèrcit Popular Català
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139:Exèrcit Popular Català
897:Politics of Catalonia
211:Catalan People's Army
117:Knowledge:Translation
88:copyright attribution
688:. pp. 108–109.
471:– via Dialnet.
887:Catalan nationalism
227:Catalan nationalist
186:Catalan nationalism
266:Trials and justice
96:interlanguage link
623:978-84-666-6511-7
568:978-84-9942-001-1
536:Leiden University
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295:References
153:Foundation
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161:Dissolved
110:talk page
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509:El Mundo
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278:See also
225:, was a
181:Ideology
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