970:
1010:
603:
2608:
2570:
2293:
430:
633:, leggings, a blanket, moccasins, a knife and two shirts, The clothing did not constitute a military uniform but was simply Canadian-style civilian wear. Since these men were not paid, this was a relatively economical way of maintaining an effective militia. The men were noted as excellent shots (most came with their own rifle, powder and bullets), and in better physical condition than regulars, because of their tough life, farming, fishing and hunting. Volunteer militiamen were used to support the regulars and their
861:
53:
721:
2546:
2280:
904:
934:. The office of the GOC was replaced by the Militia Council. The six member council included the Minister of Militia serving as the council's president, another civilian member, typically the Deputy Minister of Militia, and four members drawn from the Canadian military, the Chief of General Staff, the Adjutant General, the Quartermaster General, and the Master General of the Ordnance. Although modelled after the British
1052:. Crerar sought to reorganize the Canadian Militia to new standards adopted by the British, mechanize the militia, and prepare PAM, and NPAM for combat in a temperate climate, which was the expected climate they would be operating in. However the General Staff's proposal to prepare a 60,000 man force to assist the British in the event of a war was not presented until 29 August 1939, days before the start of the war.
2558:
2581:
621:, concerned about the colony's inability to defend itself adequately against raids, ordered the creation of a compulsory militia that would include every fit male between 16 and 60 years of age. They were organized into companies, usually one per church parish, and structured in the same way as a regular French infantry company. The Governor General,
1117:
in 1968, the
Canadian Army became Mobile Command, with its reserve component becoming Mobile Command (Reserve). In 1993, Mobile Command (Reserve) was renamed Land Force Command (Reserve), changing its name to match its Regular Force counterparts (also renamed Land Force Command). In 2011, the service
1071:
The tiny
Permanent Force did not constitute a striking force capable either of counter attack against a major raid or of expeditionary action. The Non-Permanent Active Militia, with its limited strength, obsolescent equipment, and rudimentary training, was incapable of immediate effective action of
1055:
On the eve of World War II, the
Canadian Militia's nominal strength was over 50,000 men, with PAM fielding 455 officers, and 3,714 soldiers of all other ranks; whereas NPAM fielded 5,272 officers, and 41,249 soldiers of all other ranks. However, the Canadian Militia was not prepared to undertake an
1005:
Improvements to both PAM's and NPAM's officer corps were undertaken in the 1930s, with PAM officers directing officer cadets through courses such as the "Advanced
Militia Staff Course," beginning in 1935. As a result, the Militia fielded a much larger officer corps in 1939, when compared to 1914;
745:
saw a shortage of supplies and weapons with limited funds provided for the militias during that period. Compulsory militia service for male inhabitants aged 16 to 60 was introduced in Lower Canada in 1803 and Upper Canada in 1808. In peacetime, compulsory service was typically limited to a single
997:
was launched in an effort to reorganize the
Canadian militia. The Commission proposed that PAM field a force of six infantry divisions, one cavalry division, supplemented by personnel from NPAM. Additionally, the Otter Commission saw links of perpetuation created between CEF and Canadian Militia
803:
The sedentary militia system fell into disuse during the 1870s and 1880s, as annual musters became increasingly sporadic. By 1883, the formal requirement to hold an annual muster was stricken from legislation, and in 1904, the provision that formally made every male inhabitant of military age a
504:
in the defence and expansion of the colony. Sedentary militia units were also raised by the
British, to defend its colonies and to support British military operations on the continent. The sedentary militia eventually fell into disuse in the late-19th century, although vestiges of the sedentary
880:
reported that 37,170 volunteers were enrolled with the Active
Militias. However, funding remained an issue for the militia in the 1870s, and 1880s, with British officers urging the Canadian government to either increase the militia's funding, or reduce militia enrolments until its units can be
758:, estimated that only 4,000 could be reliably expected to answer roll call. Early in his tenure as Lieutenant Governor, Brock passed legislation that allowed for him to train 2,000 volunteers, or men chosen by ballot, to serve as the flank companies for the Upper Canadian militia. During the
1072:
any sort against a formidable enemy. The two forces together constituted a useful and indeed essential foundation upon which, over a period of months, an army could be built. They offered, however, no means for rapid intervention in an overseas theatre of operations.
1006:
with the
Canadian Militia fielded approximately 5,000 officers spread throughout PAM and NPAM. However, training within the Canadian Militia remained an issue, with little regimental or larger formation training taking place during the interwar period.
740:
While
British North American colonies were expected to maintain a colonial militia, the militias were financed by the British government. Given the British government's preoccupation with Napoleonic France in the early 19th century, militias in
804:
member of the sedentary
Reserve Militia was removed. Although the Reserve Militia was an unorganized service and virtually non-existent by the early-20th century, an officers' roll for the sedentary service was maintained as late as 1921.
836:
was passed after a commission on militia reform suggested the sedentary force be supplanted with uniformed volunteer regiments. The resulting act led to the creation of the Active Militia, in an effort to bolster the colony's defences.
575:
maintained their own militias. Enrolment in the sedentary militias continued for several years after Canadian Confederation, although the practice was ended shortly afterwards, superseded by the active militias. The colonies of
614:, the system became a basis for centralized administration in the colony. Local militia captains were appointed by the intendant, and typically assisted the civil administration with road-building, and periodic censuses.
2561:
1417:
930:. However, serious differences in opinion over divisions of responsibilities between the civil and military branches of the Militia Department would see the post virtually abolished under the
938:, the Militia Council was purely an advisory body, with the Minister holding supreme authority over it; and the Chief of General Staff becoming the premier military member of the council.
1143:
2653:
2331:
1388:
2643:
2648:
769:
In 1840, the sedentary militias of the Canadas were made up of 426 battalions, with 235,000 men registered on militia rolls. Sedentary militia were also present in
974:
2264:
1118:
elements of the Canadian Armed Forces reverted to their pre-1968 names, with Land Force Command (Reserve) reverting its name to the Canadian Army Reserve.
460:
97:
522:(NPAM), continued to serve as Canada's regular army following Canadian Confederation in 1867. In November 1940, both PAM and NPAM were reorganized as the
2259:
1962:
1085:
Following the suggestion of General Harry Crerar, on 19 November 1940, the military land forces of Canada were renamed as the Canadian Army through an
2324:
2019:
637:
allies on lengthy raids, where they absorbed the skirmishing tactics of the latter. However, little time was spent on conventional European drill.
363:
1742:
1631:
2317:
2162:
560:; with these sedentary militia units occasionally conducting drills and training exercises, as well as participating in an annual reviews.
265:
784:
in 1861, Nova Scotia revived compulsory militia service, enrolling 59,379 men in the Nova Scotia militia, of which 45,600 were armed. The
577:
2244:
1548:
1518:
1276:
1246:
1216:
1186:
404:
348:
2400:
1114:
869:
453:
969:
584:
did not require its residents to enrol with a sedentary militia unit, although locally raised "volunteer corps" were established.
2390:
1985:
1955:
85:
1009:
2254:
876:
formally extended the Active Militias system of the former Province of Canada to the newly formed Canadian dominion. In 1869,
1931:
1909:
1890:
1871:
1801:
1772:
1687:
1662:
1030:
358:
2249:
990:
900:. The Second Boer War saw more than 8,000 volunteers raised for service in South Africa, from 82 different militia units.
827:
381:
1109:
Force respectively. However, in 1954, the Reserve Force was once again renamed Canadian Army (Militia) as a result of the
773:
colonies, with 40,997 reported in Nova Scotia's militia, while the New Brunswick militia reported 27,532 members in 1845.
2628:
2520:
2283:
755:
477:
is a historical title for military units raised for the defence of Canada. The term has been used to describe sedentary
446:
34:
2395:
2041:
2009:
1948:
1110:
658:
310:
80:
2213:
958:
942:
763:
235:
2525:
2455:
2218:
2187:
2067:
2029:
1750:
Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War Volume I: The Army in Canada, Britain and the Pacific
155:
119:
17:
884:
The Active Militias were mobilized on a number of occasions in the latter half of the 19th century, including the
2036:
1158:
954:
941:
The militia also saw several administrative reforms instituted in the early 1900s, with the establishment of the
793:
625:, arranged during the 1690s to provide all militiamen with clothing and equipment. This consisted generally of a
610:
Use of militias in Canada date back to New France. As the militias in New France were formally maintained by the
126:
2549:
923:
500:. In the French colony, a compulsory militia of settlers from every parish was raised in order to support the
950:
386:
2515:
1106:
2638:
2438:
2416:
2385:
1990:
1138:
986:
817:
602:
519:
75:
2132:
1045:
946:
622:
414:
220:
2598:
2223:
2112:
2000:
1971:
1148:
686:
581:
547:
508:
The Canadian Militia also referred to the regular army established by the Province of Canada under the
280:
200:
107:
42:
2633:
2445:
2102:
1924:
Canadian Expeditionary Force, 1914-1919: Official History of the Canadian Army in the First World War
733:
190:
1853:
877:
797:
788:
extended the sedentary militia system of the former Province of Canada to the newly formed Canadian
2433:
2367:
2177:
1049:
908:
813:
515:
409:
275:
2421:
2228:
2117:
1014:
885:
729:
690:
634:
611:
315:
205:
1067:
from 1940 to 1959, on the readiness of the Canadian Militia at the eve of the Second World War,
2510:
2172:
2167:
2072:
2024:
2014:
1848:
1026:
868:
Following Canadian Confederation in July 1867, both PAM, and NPAM were managed by the Canadian
845:
597:
564:
501:
490:
270:
114:
92:
1089:. PAM was reorganized as Canadian Army (Active), whereas NPAM became Canadian Army (Reserve).
2468:
2352:
2157:
2107:
2082:
2077:
2046:
1041:
823:
654:
646:
557:
300:
260:
195:
170:
131:
70:
1125:
has not been used to formally describe a Canadian military force. However, the term is used
800:, reported that 618,896 men were enrolled with the sedentary militia or "Reserve Militia".
2530:
2147:
2097:
1078:
1060:
893:
774:
680:
353:
250:
185:
1556:
1526:
1284:
1254:
1224:
1194:
1097:
The two Canadian Army components that were previously PAM and NPAM were renamed following
8:
2450:
2362:
2142:
2087:
935:
889:
832:
700:
510:
245:
175:
2152:
840:
The Active Militia was later split into the Permanent Active Militia (PAM), the forces'
649:, local militia units continued to be raised, and support British soldiers stationed in
2182:
1919:
1418:"Official Lineages, Volume 3: Armour, Artillery, Field Engineer and Infantry Regiments"
1153:
1044:, in the event of a war between Germany and the British Empire, without the consent of
704:
568:
486:
295:
2309:
2476:
1927:
1905:
1886:
1867:
1768:
1683:
1658:
1163:
714:
225:
160:
985:, the militia was not mobilized, with Canadians serving overseas enlisting with the
677:'s expedition to Detroit. The battalion was led by former members of the New French
2197:
2192:
1086:
1057:
1034:
994:
662:
626:
330:
320:
165:
2092:
897:
674:
650:
593:
572:
531:
255:
180:
2585:
1040:, Chief of Defence Staff, to plan contingencies for the militia to prepare for
285:
699:
militias saw little expeditionary action during the American Revolution, with
2622:
2612:
2574:
2357:
2297:
1940:
1126:
1102:
1064:
1018:
999:
860:
841:
770:
527:
523:
434:
305:
230:
2486:
2137:
2127:
1098:
1037:
927:
849:
778:
747:
482:
240:
215:
1655:
Scarlet to Green: A History of Intelligence in the Canadian Army 1903-1963
2122:
2062:
982:
759:
751:
742:
630:
552:
Enrolment in a local sedentary unit was required in the French colony of
210:
150:
720:
2502:
2481:
844:; and the Non-Permanent Active Militia (NPAM), a force that acted as a
553:
497:
290:
1765:
In Peace Prepared: Innovation and Adaptation in Canada's Cold War Army
993:. As World War I drew to a close and the CEF expected to disband, the
725:
685:. British authorities also mustered the militia in Quebec during the
618:
1902:
Ministers and Generals: Politics and the Canadian Militia, 1868-1904
1680:
Doing Canada Proud: The Second Boer War and the Battle of Paardeberg
922:
From 1875 to 1904, the officer heading the Canadian Militia was the
1320:
Chartrand, René Canadian Military Heritage Vol1 1000-1754 pp 73-100
926:(GOC), a position legally required to be held by an officer of the
903:
789:
668:
496:
The earliest militia units in Canada dates back to 16th century in
325:
777:
fielded a militia of approximately 8,000 men in 1845. During the
534:. The Army Reserve continues to be informally referred to as the
478:
1144:
List of regiments of cavalry of the Canadian Militia (1900–1920)
864:
Various uniforms used by members of the Canadian Militia, 1898.
826:
in the decades following the War of 1812, pressure fell on the
481:
units raised from local communities in Canada; as well as the
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1021:, 1925. The Dragoons was a cavalry regiment with the Militia.
1121:
Since the unification of the armed forces in 1968, the term
2491:
regulars, provincial regiments and volunteer militia units
1713:
1696:
848:. Members of the Active Militia were mobilized during the
514:. The two organizations that originated from the act, the
1602:
1600:
1598:
1002:
earned by CEF units disbanded after the First World War.
977:, Canadian Militia, in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, in 1915
689:, whose members constituted most of the defenders at the
2339:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1441:
1439:
1367:
1365:
1612:
1595:
1583:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1304:
1302:
989:(CEF), a separate military field force managed by the
713:
militias would remain loyal should they encounter the
640:
505:
militia system continued into the early-20th century.
2596:
1802:"The Canadian Armed Forces: The Role of the Reserves"
1781:
1129:
in Canada in reference to the Canadian Army Reserve.
2654:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1968
1820:
1752:. Ministry of National Defence (Canada). p. 89.
1571:
1499:
1480:
1468:
1451:
1436:
1362:
1350:
1323:
1299:
1056:overseas campaign at the outbreak of World War II.
2644:Military units and formations of the Canadian Army
1845:The Role of the Militia in Today's Canadian Forces
1555:. Government of Canada. 1 May 2017. Archived from
1525:. Government of Canada. 1 May 2017. Archived from
1283:. Government of Canada. 1 May 2017. Archived from
1253:. Government of Canada. 1 May 2017. Archived from
1223:. Government of Canada. 1 May 2017. Archived from
1193:. Government of Canada. 1 May 2017. Archived from
998:units; permitting militia units to perpetuate the
2649:Military units and formations established in 1920
964:
766:to support the British in defending the Canadas.
2620:
746:annual muster. In 1811, the militia strength of
1864:Canada's Army: Waging War and Keeping the Peace
1412:
1410:
924:General Officer Commanding the Canadian Militia
1970:
2325:
1956:
1247:"Annual Review of the Upper Canadian Militia"
855:
454:
1632:"Military Structure - The Overseas Ministry"
1407:
708:
694:
678:
666:
1861:
1728:
1707:
1382:
1380:
1181:
1179:
2332:
2318:
1963:
1949:
673:volunteers took part in Brigadier-General
661:first saw service with the British during
461:
447:
1918:
1852:
1618:
1606:
1589:
762:, British authorities raised a number of
2401:Unification of the Canadian Armed Forces
1799:
1762:
1386:
1377:
1176:
1115:unification of the Canadian Armed Forces
1008:
968:
902:
859:
719:
601:
2391:History of the Royal Canadian Air Force
1842:
1826:
1787:
14:
2621:
1899:
1880:
1800:McDonald, Corinne (29 November 1999).
1740:
1652:
1577:
1505:
1493:
1474:
1462:
1445:
1371:
1356:
1344:
1332:
1308:
959:Permanent Active Militia Medical Corps
822:As the British withdrew soldiers from
493:, referred to as the active militias.
2313:
1944:
541:
1677:
1549:"The Defence of Canada by Canadians"
1424:. Government of Canada. 7 March 2018
991:Ministry of Overseas Military Forces
830:to provide for its own defence. The
828:Parliament of the Province of Canada
665:, when a battalion of three hundred
2557:
2521:French Marines in Canada, 1683-1715
2340:Evolution of the Military of Canada
881:sufficiently trained and equipped.
764:Canadian military and militia units
756:Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada
750:was approximately 11,000, although
641:British-rule and post-Confederation
24:
2396:History of the Royal Canadian Navy
1847:. Canadian International Council.
1836:
1553:Canadian Military Heritage, vol. 3
1523:Canadian Military Heritage, vol. 2
1281:Canadian Military Heritage, vol. 2
1251:Canadian Military Heritage, vol. 2
1221:Canadian Military Heritage, vol. 2
1191:Canadian Military Heritage, vol. 2
1111:Kennedy Report on the Reserve Army
807:
606:French Canadian militiaman in 1759
51:
27:Historical combat forces in Canada
25:
2665:
2214:Canada and the American Civil War
1926:. McGill-Queen University Press.
1806:Government of Canada Publications
1389:"History of the Canadian Militia"
2606:
2579:
2568:
2556:
2545:
2544:
2526:Compagnies Franches de la Marine
2456:Royal Canadian Naval Air Service
2291:
2279:
2278:
657:. Members of the militia of the
428:
1904:. University of Toronto Press.
1866:. University of Toronto Press.
1793:
1756:
1734:
1671:
1646:
1624:
1541:
1511:
1159:Military history of Nova Scotia
1063:, a military historian for the
907:Infantry equipment used by the
794:Minister of Militia and Defence
526:, with PAM becoming the Army's
2379:History of the Canadian Forces
1741:Stacey, Charles Perry (1955).
1314:
1269:
1239:
1209:
965:World Wars and Interwar period
556:, and the various colonies of
13:
1:
1743:"The Army Programme for 1941"
1217:"The Militia of Lower Canada"
1169:
912:
587:
2439:Non-Permanent Active Militia
2417:Canadian Expeditionary Force
2386:History of the Canadian Army
2219:Mackenzie–Papineau Battalion
1885:. McClelland & Stewart.
1883:A Military History of Canada
1763:Godefroy, Andrew B. (2014).
1657:. FriesenPress. p. 72.
1139:History of the Canadian Army
1031:Minister of National Defence
987:Canadian Expeditionary Force
818:Non-Permanent Active Militia
520:Non-Permanent Active Militia
7:
2410:Canadian military formation
1862:Granatstein, J. L. (2011).
1634:. Canadian War Museum. 2019
1132:
1046:William Lyon Mackenzie King
947:Canadian Military Engineers
943:Canadian Army Service Corps
623:Louis de Buade de Frontenac
10:
2670:
2629:Military history of Canada
2516:Carignan-Salières Regiment
2224:Canada and the Vietnam War
2113:American Revolutionary War
1972:Military history of Canada
1149:Military history of Canada
856:Post-Confederation militia
811:
687:American Revolutionary War
591:
548:Colonial militia in Canada
545:
201:American Revolutionary War
2539:
2500:
2466:
2446:Royal Flying Corps Canada
2409:
2378:
2345:
2273:
2237:
2206:
2198:Intervention against ISIL
2118:French Revolutionary Wars
2055:
1978:
1767:. UBC Press. p. 14.
1387:BĂ©langer, Claude (2006).
1092:
734:Battle of the Chateauguay
206:French Revolutionary Wars
2434:Permanent Active Militia
2368:Royal Canadian Air Force
1900:Morton, Desmond (1970).
1881:Morton, Desmond (2009).
1393:faculty.marianopolis.edu
1050:Prime Minister of Canada
909:Permanent Active Militia
814:Permanent Active Militia
530:, and NPAM becoming the
516:Permanent Active Militia
2451:Naval Service of Canada
2422:Canadian Aviation Corps
2346:Current Canadian Forces
2229:Canada and the Iraq War
2133:Rebellions of 1837–1838
1682:. Dundurn. p. 34.
1015:Royal Canadian Dragoons
973:A church parade of the
886:Fenian raids of 1870–71
612:intendant of New France
221:Rebellions of 1837–1838
2511:Military of New France
2501:Military formation in
2467:Military formation in
2103:Father Le Loutre's War
2073:Second Anglo-Dutch War
1843:English, Jack (2011).
1808:. Government of Canada
1653:Elliot, S. R. (2017).
1395:. Marianopolis College
1083:
1027:Ian Alistair Mackenzie
1022:
978:
919:
878:George-Étienne Cartier
865:
846:military reserve force
798:George-Étienne Cartier
737:
709:
695:
679:
667:
647:conquest of New France
645:Following the British
607:
598:Military of New France
571:, and the colonies of
565:Canadian Confederation
502:military of New France
191:Father Le Loutre's War
56:
2469:British North America
2353:Canadian Armed Forces
2265:Internment Camps WWII
2193:Intervention in Libya
2108:French and Indian War
2078:Third Anglo-Dutch War
1519:"The 1855 Volunteers"
1277:"The Volunteer Corps"
1107:Canadian Army Reserve
1069:
1033:, began to encourage
1012:
972:
951:Ordnance Stores Corps
906:
863:
824:British North America
724:Canadian militiamen,
723:
655:British North America
605:
592:Further information:
558:British North America
546:Further information:
71:Canadian Armed Forces
55:
2531:Troupes de la marine
2260:Internment Camps WWI
2148:North-West Rebellion
1678:Horn, Bernd (2012).
1079:Charles Perry Stacey
1061:Charles Perry Stacey
1042:expeditionary action
894:North-West Rebellion
775:Prince Edward Island
681:troupes de la marine
251:North-West Rebellion
2639:Regiments of Canada
2363:Royal Canadian Navy
2143:Red River Rebellion
1920:Nicholson, G. W. L.
1559:on 15 December 2017
1529:on 15 December 2017
975:13th Royal Regiment
932:Militia Act of 1904
890:Wolseley expedition
874:Militia Act of 1868
870:Minister of Militia
833:Militia Act of 1855
786:Militia Act of 1868
707:, uncertain if the
701:Frederick Haldimand
511:Militia Act of 1855
491:confederated Canada
246:Red River Rebellion
2586:History portal
2083:King William's War
1197:on 17 January 2018
1187:"In the Maritimes"
1023:
979:
920:
866:
738:
705:Governor of Quebec
659:Province of Quebec
608:
569:Province of Canada
542:Sedentary militias
487:Province of Canada
236:American Civil War
171:King William's War
57:
2594:
2593:
2575:Canada portal
2477:Provincial Marine
2307:
2306:
2298:Canada portal
2163:Russian Civil War
2098:King George's War
1933:978-0-7735-9790-7
1911:978-0-8020-5228-5
1892:978-1-5519-9140-5
1873:978-1-4426-1178-8
1774:978-0-7748-2705-8
1689:978-1-4597-0578-4
1664:978-1-7751-1360-7
1257:on 19 August 2022
1227:on 19 August 2022
1164:Provincial Marine
1101:as Canadian Army
957:in 1903; and the
715:French Royal Army
471:
470:
435:Canada portal
266:Russian Civil War
226:Fraser Canyon War
186:King George's War
181:Father Rale's War
161:Acadian Civil War
156:Anglo-French War)
16:(Redirected from
2661:
2634:Canadian Militia
2611:
2610:
2609:
2602:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2560:
2559:
2548:
2547:
2429:Canadian Militia
2334:
2327:
2320:
2311:
2310:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2282:
2281:
2168:Second World War
2088:Queen Anne's War
2020:Crown and Forces
2001:Colonial militia
1996:Canadian Militia
1965:
1958:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1915:
1896:
1877:
1858:
1856:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1797:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1738:
1732:
1729:Granatstein 2011
1726:
1711:
1708:Granatstein 2011
1705:
1694:
1693:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1593:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1449:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1414:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1384:
1375:
1369:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1347:, p. 43–44.
1342:
1336:
1330:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1273:
1267:
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1262:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1183:
1113:. Following the
1087:Order in Council
1081:
1019:Stanley Barracks
995:Otter Commission
955:Signalling Corps
917:
914:
712:
698:
691:Battle of Quebec
684:
672:
582:Vancouver Island
578:British Columbia
475:Canadian Militia
463:
456:
449:
433:
432:
431:
196:Seven Years' War
176:Queen Anne's War
166:Anglo-Dutch Wars
98:Crown and Forces
54:
43:Military history
30:
29:
21:
18:Canadian militia
2669:
2668:
2664:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2607:
2605:
2597:
2595:
2590:
2580:
2578:
2569:
2567:
2535:
2496:
2462:
2405:
2374:
2341:
2338:
2308:
2303:
2292:
2290:
2269:
2233:
2202:
2188:Afghanistan War
2158:First World War
2068:Ango-French War
2051:
1974:
1969:
1934:
1912:
1893:
1874:
1854:10.1.1.588.7141
1839:
1837:Further reading
1834:
1833:
1825:
1821:
1811:
1809:
1798:
1794:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1761:
1757:
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1706:
1697:
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1676:
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1625:
1617:
1613:
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1492:
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1473:
1469:
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1427:
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1416:
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1398:
1396:
1385:
1378:
1370:
1363:
1355:
1351:
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1339:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1307:
1300:
1290:
1288:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1200:
1198:
1185:
1184:
1177:
1172:
1154:Mi'kmaw militia
1135:
1095:
1082:
1076:
967:
915:
898:Second Boer War
858:
820:
812:Main articles:
810:
808:Active militias
792:. In 1869, the
675:John Bradstreet
651:British America
643:
600:
594:Acadian militia
590:
573:Atlantic Canada
550:
544:
518:(PAM), and the
467:
429:
427:
420:
419:
400:
392:
391:
377:
369:
368:
344:
336:
335:
256:Second Boer War
146:
138:
137:
136:
65:
52:
44:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2667:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2616:
2615:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2565:
2553:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2507:
2505:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2448:
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2442:
2441:
2436:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2314:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2287:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2004:
2003:
1988:
1982:
1980:
1979:History of ...
1976:
1975:
1968:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1932:
1916:
1910:
1897:
1891:
1878:
1872:
1859:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1819:
1792:
1780:
1773:
1755:
1733:
1731:, p. 173.
1712:
1710:, p. 162.
1695:
1688:
1670:
1663:
1645:
1623:
1619:Nicholson 2015
1611:
1607:Nicholson 2015
1594:
1590:Nicholson 2015
1582:
1570:
1540:
1510:
1498:
1479:
1467:
1450:
1435:
1406:
1376:
1361:
1349:
1337:
1322:
1313:
1298:
1287:on 7 July 2022
1268:
1238:
1208:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1134:
1131:
1094:
1091:
1074:
1000:battle honours
966:
963:
857:
854:
809:
806:
642:
639:
617:In 1669, King
589:
586:
543:
540:
469:
468:
466:
465:
458:
451:
443:
440:
439:
438:
437:
422:
421:
418:
417:
412:
410:Historiography
407:
401:
398:
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384:
378:
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371:
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367:
366:
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342:
341:
338:
337:
334:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
286:October Crisis
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
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243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
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188:
183:
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173:
168:
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158:
153:
147:
144:
143:
140:
139:
135:
134:
129:
124:
123:
122:
112:
111:
110:
100:
95:
90:
89:
88:
83:
78:
67:
66:
63:
62:
59:
58:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2666:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2614:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2587:
2576:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2499:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2465:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2358:Canadian Army
2356:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2300:
2299:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1954:
1952:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1935:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1828:
1823:
1807:
1803:
1796:
1790:, p. 11.
1789:
1784:
1776:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1709:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1691:
1685:
1681:
1674:
1666:
1660:
1656:
1649:
1633:
1627:
1620:
1615:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1591:
1586:
1580:, p. 94.
1579:
1574:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1508:, p. 86.
1507:
1502:
1496:, p. 91.
1495:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1477:, p. 87.
1476:
1471:
1465:, p. 85.
1464:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1448:, p. 54.
1447:
1442:
1440:
1423:
1422:www.canada.ca
1419:
1413:
1411:
1394:
1390:
1383:
1381:
1374:, p. 50.
1373:
1368:
1366:
1359:, p. 45.
1358:
1353:
1346:
1341:
1335:, p. 43.
1334:
1329:
1327:
1317:
1311:, p. 19.
1310:
1305:
1303:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1212:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1180:
1175:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1103:Regular Force
1100:
1090:
1088:
1080:
1073:
1068:
1066:
1065:Canadian Army
1062:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1001:
996:
992:
988:
984:
976:
971:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
945:in 1901; the
944:
939:
937:
933:
929:
925:
910:
905:
901:
899:
895:
891:
887:
882:
879:
875:
871:
862:
853:
851:
847:
843:
842:standing army
838:
835:
834:
829:
825:
819:
815:
805:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
781:
776:
772:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
735:
731:
730:First Nations
727:
722:
718:
716:
711:
706:
702:
697:
692:
688:
683:
682:
676:
671:
670:
664:
663:Pontiac's War
660:
656:
652:
648:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
615:
613:
604:
599:
595:
585:
583:
579:
574:
570:
566:
561:
559:
555:
549:
539:
537:
533:
529:
528:Regular Force
525:
524:Canadian Army
521:
517:
513:
512:
506:
503:
499:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
464:
459:
457:
452:
450:
445:
444:
442:
441:
436:
426:
425:
424:
423:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
402:
396:
395:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
373:
372:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
346:
343:Installations
340:
339:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
306:Yugoslav Wars
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
231:Chilcotin War
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
148:
142:
141:
133:
130:
128:
125:
121:
118:
117:
116:
113:
109:
106:
105:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
73:
72:
69:
68:
64:History of...
61:
60:
50:
49:
46:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
2555:
2543:
2487:British Army
2428:
2289:
2277:
2255:Peacekeeping
2245:Bibliography
2138:Fenian raids
2128:Pemmican War
2093:Dummer's War
2047:Peacekeeping
2015:Conscription
1995:
1923:
1901:
1882:
1863:
1844:
1829:, p. 7.
1827:English 2011
1822:
1810:. Retrieved
1805:
1795:
1788:English 2011
1783:
1764:
1758:
1749:
1736:
1679:
1673:
1654:
1648:
1636:. Retrieved
1626:
1621:, p. 9.
1614:
1609:, p. 8.
1592:, p. 7.
1585:
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1557:the original
1552:
1543:
1531:. Retrieved
1527:the original
1522:
1513:
1501:
1470:
1426:. Retrieved
1421:
1397:. Retrieved
1392:
1352:
1340:
1316:
1289:. Retrieved
1285:the original
1280:
1271:
1259:. Retrieved
1255:the original
1250:
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1225:the original
1220:
1211:
1199:. Retrieved
1195:the original
1190:
1127:colloquially
1122:
1120:
1099:World War II
1096:
1084:
1070:
1054:
1038:Harry Crerar
1024:
1004:
980:
940:
936:Army Council
931:
928:British Army
921:
916: 1900s
883:
873:
867:
850:Fenian raids
839:
831:
821:
802:
785:
779:
768:
748:Upper Canada
739:
644:
635:First Nation
616:
609:
562:
551:
535:
532:Army Reserve
509:
507:
495:
483:regular army
474:
472:
405:Bibliography
359:French forts
354:Armed Forces
271:World War II
241:Fenian raids
216:Pemmican War
132:Peacekeeping
102:
93:Conscription
2562:WikiProject
2123:War of 1812
2063:Beaver Wars
2037:Nova Scotia
1578:Morton 2009
1563:15 December
1533:15 December
1506:Morton 2009
1494:Morton 2009
1475:Morton 2009
1463:Morton 2009
1446:Morton 2009
1372:Morton 2009
1357:Morton 2009
1345:Morton 2009
1333:Morton 2009
1309:Morton 2009
983:World War I
760:War of 1812
752:Isaac Brock
743:the Canadas
732:during the
693:. However,
631:breechcloth
538:in Canada.
311:Afghanistan
281:Vietnam War
261:World War I
211:War of 1812
151:Beaver Wars
127:Nova Scotia
2623:Categories
2503:New France
2482:Royal Navy
2250:Operations
2178:Korean War
2025:New France
1812:27 January
1638:27 January
1201:16 January
1170:References
953:, and the
896:, and the
588:New France
554:New France
498:New France
415:Historians
382:Operations
291:Oka Crisis
276:Korean War
115:New France
2056:Conflicts
1986:Air Force
1849:CiteSeerX
1025:In 1938,
961:in 1904.
852:of 1866.
726:fencibles
619:Louis XIV
563:Prior to
489:and post-
349:Air Force
145:Conflicts
86:Air Force
45:of Canada
2577:•
2550:Category
2284:Category
2207:See also
2183:Gulf War
2173:Cold War
2153:Boer War
1922:(2015).
1428:19 March
1133:See also
1077:Colonel
1075:—
1017:leaving
790:dominion
771:Maritime
710:Canadien
696:Canadien
669:Canadien
485:for the
399:Research
326:Mali War
316:Iraq War
296:Gulf War
108:Colonial
35:a series
33:Part of
2042:Mi'kmaq
1399:16 July
1123:militia
1058:Colonel
1035:General
981:During
736:, 1813.
536:militia
479:militia
301:Somalia
103:Militia
2613:Canada
2599:Portal
2030:Acadia
1930:
1908:
1889:
1870:
1851:
1771:
1686:
1661:
1291:23 May
1261:23 May
1231:23 May
1093:Legacy
1048:, the
1029:, the
949:, the
892:, the
888:, the
872:. The
782:Affair
754:, the
728:, and
703:, the
627:capote
567:, the
120:Acadia
37:on the
2238:Lists
1746:(PDF)
780:Trent
376:Lists
321:Libya
2010:Navy
1991:Army
1928:ISBN
1906:ISBN
1887:ISBN
1868:ISBN
1814:2019
1769:ISBN
1684:ISBN
1659:ISBN
1640:2019
1565:2017
1535:2017
1430:2023
1401:2023
1293:2020
1263:2020
1233:2020
1203:2018
1105:and
1013:The
816:and
629:, a
596:and
580:and
473:The
387:Wars
364:Navy
331:ISIL
81:Navy
76:Army
2625::
1804:.
1748:.
1715:^
1698:^
1597:^
1551:.
1521:.
1482:^
1453:^
1438:^
1420:.
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1391:.
1379:^
1364:^
1325:^
1301:^
1279:.
1249:.
1219:.
1189:.
1178:^
913:c.
911:,
796:,
717:.
2601::
2333:e
2326:t
2319:v
1964:e
1957:t
1950:v
1936:.
1914:.
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653:/
462:e
455:t
448:v
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