342:
817:: compared with what has already been spent, the cost to appeal would be marginal. The decision came down to seat count: "Delta did not consider any new 100- to 150-seat from Boeing because the 126-seat 737-700 and the 138-seat 737 Max 7 were unsuitable for the mission profile in question" and "Because Boeing did not lose this sale to Delta, Delta's imports of CS100s will not displace domestically produced 100- to 150-seat from the US market". Low launch pricing is common, as "Boeing offered substantial discounts on many orders for out-of-scope 787 during the years following the new model's launch in 2004, but then secured substantially higher prices on subsequent orders".
899:
165:
19:
594:
106:
616:, stating the process is simply legal and not political: Bombardier sold aircraft below the cost of production, a textbook case of dumping, to seek a flagship sale to boost sales. Boeing has stated that the tariffs should stay in place, even if the CSeries is built in Mobile, Alabama, with a majority US content, and stressed that with a small typical seating difference, the CS300 competes with the 737-700 and 737 MAX 7 in the 100-150-seat category, a $ 4 billion market including $ 1 billion in the US.
685:
486:
716:, including manufacturers, airlines and lessors. The report reviews aircraft distribution, production and characteristics leading to purchases and notes the complexity of aircraft demand, availability, prices, the amount of imports and their effect on Boeing's sales. It notes a "moderate-to-high degree of substitutability" between the CS100/CS300s and the 737-700/Max 7, with the questionnaire responses reporting better availability, price, lifetime
303:
154:
251:, according to Boeing. While the CS100 seats 110 in two-class, Bombardier responded to the 100-seat requirement by pricing it as a light two-class 100-seater and charging for 10 more seats as needed. Bombardier was surprised when United ordered the larger 737-700 as the competition was believed to be the Embraer E190, possibly tied to other
680:
regulators, the companies' boards and shareholders approvals. The Airbus-Bombardier tie-up is "questionable" for Boeing but it could mimic it at a larger scale and considering the financial and regulatory cost of an
Embraer deal dismiss the Max 7 as a clear outright competitor: Boeing didn't have the
925:
Airbus took over the CSeries program on 1 July 2018 and renamed it the A220-100/300. The first -100 was delivered to Delta on 26 October 2018. In
January 2019, Delta ordered 15 other A220s for a total of 90 until 2023, including a conversion of 50 to the larger 130-seat -300 from 2020. In 2020, amid
222:
hearing, Boeing's vice-chairman Ray Conner stated "It will only take one or two lost sales involving US customers before commercial viability of the Max 7, and therefore the US industry's very future, becomes very doubtful" and "Bombardier has said it wants 50% of this market, which it will probably
444:
May hinted that the UK might cease ordering aircraft from Boeing unless the punitive tariff against
Bombardier is dropped. The UK government's orders for helicopters and patrol aircraft are already firm and Boeing will refuse to back down to prevent "subsidized competition" and "illegal dumping" by
384:
On 12 October, Boeing replied that its illegal-subsidies complaint against
Bombardier is about selling aircraft below the cost of production and not an attempt to hurt a competitor, the company merely wants "fairness" in "following trade rules" as Boeing claims to be already doing. In meetings with
549:
Aviation journalist
Anthony L. Velocci Jr. argues that the US will benefit from the partnership: the Mobile plant would need $ 300 million and thousands of jobs for its construction, then would need 2,000 permanent jobs and over 22,500 jobs at US suppliers produce 52% of the CSeries content, which
664:
On 20 December 2017, the US Department of
Commerce (DoC) confirmed the dumping and subsidization allegations, determined they were sold at 80% less than fair value and unfair subsidies of 212% were provided: the 292% tariff will be imposed, depending on the US ITC final injury determinations. For
380:
confirmed on 28 September 2017 that Boeing's products are unlikely to be selected because it is not a "trusted partner". "Our government is not going to allow our aerospace sector to be attacked in this manner ... We can't do business with a company that treats us in this way." Canada will review
650:
For industry observer
Addison Schonland, the ITC commissioners seemed insufficiently qualified and missed opportunities to better understand fleet planning by asking why the MAX7 is not a commercial success, even revamped, or why would United initially ordered the less efficient 737-700 and then
537:
duties, and if tariffs are dropped it will never materialize. In a 20 November filing, Delta said "In Boeing's view, any action would be a potential form of 'evasion'", like modifying a purchase agreement, evaluating 109-seat aircraft not produced in US or expanding the US aerospace industry and
700:
into the United States, the ITC could support
Commerce's conclusions although they are two distinct agencies. On 9 January, the ITC asked Bombardier to provide more information on renegotiations with Delta and the CSeries manufacture within a week. On 10 January, the Canadian government filed a
565:
in 2015 was intended to save
Canadian jobs by sacrificing American jobs and undermining Boeing 737 sales, the most important Boeing product. After it had to cut its price by 70% to beat the CSeries for United Airlines in 2016, Boeing decided to act when the CSeries was offered to Delta at $ 10
545:
ruling in early 2018, the CSeries aircraft earmarked for Delta in 2018 could be delivered to other customers. Bombardier will carry out the preparatory work to start the second final assembly line once the partnership is approved. This construction would take two years and result in early 2020
318:
On 6 October 2017 the US Department of
Commerce announced it would add an 80% preliminary anti-dumping duty on top, resulting in a total duty of 300%. On 1 February 2018, the US International Trade Commission will issue its final subsidy and dumping determinations which will support tariffs
96:
commissioners unanimously reversed their earlier claims, finding that US industry is no longer threatened and no duty orders will be issued, overturning the imposed duties. The Commission public report was made available by February 2018. On March 22, Boeing declined to appeal the ruling.
795:
On 26 January 2018, the ITC four commissioners unanimously determined the U.S. industry is not threatened and no duty orders will be issued, the Commission public report will be available by March 2, 2018. Bombardier maintains its intent to open a final assembly site in Mobile, Alabama.
314:
On 26 September, the Department of Commerce announced it found that Bombardier received subsidies of 220%, and will collect deposits based on these preliminary rates. Bombardier said it will be disputing the "absurd" ruling which is "divorced from the reality about the financing of
808:
In its reasoning published three weeks after, the ITC said "Boeing lost no sales or revenues" and "The higher standard seating capacity of the 737-700 and 737 MAX 7 limits competition between those models and the CS100 for some purchasers". Boeing can appeal the decision at the
227:
said "the Boeing numbers are not accurate, whether we're talking about the sales price or the production cost, early airplanes are expensive and every manufacturer looks at the entire program" and the pricing to Delta was in the context of relaunching the program at the 2015
627:
and 100 further options over choosing a Boeing design. The next day, Boeing stated that it has not tried to stop the proceedings before the US Commerce Department issues its findings and the ITC hosts a final hearing on 18 December 2017, ahead of its vote on 26 January 2018.
554:. Travellers and airlines will benefit from its roomier cabin, lower noise and emissions, better fuel economy and longer range to make domestic tertiary markets viable. Boeing risks alienating many of its customers for little perceived gain, according to Velocci.
77:(DoC) alleged subsidies of 220% and intended to collect deposits accordingly, plus a preliminary 80% anti-dumping duty, resulting in a duty of 300%. The DoC announced its final ruling, a total duty of 292%, on 20 December, hailing it as an affirmation of the "
389:, Trudeau warned: "The attempt by Boeing to put tens of thousands of aerospace workers out of work across Canada is not something we look on positively and I certainly mentioned that this was a block to us ... making any military procurements from Boeing".
909:
was to receive its first aircraft from Mirabel in the third quarter of 2018, contradicting Bombardier's 2017 testimony at the ITC that aircraft assembled in Quebec were not going to go to US customers. From 31 January 2019, they were to be debuted from
787:-190 to nearly 2,900 nmi (5,400 km) due to better than expected fuel burn during tests, Bombardier tried to draw it into the dispute, as it could fall within the seating and range parameters in question. The request was rejected the next day.
476:
retaliation, leading to the US possibly backing down. In its original April complaint, Boeing notes that "Airbus has opened a final assembly facility in Mobile, AL to produce Aircraft in the United States treated as a domestic Aircraft producer".
782:
have written the ITC to support Bombardier as the tariff would "take work away from US suppliers and quash thousands of US jobs, ultimately hurting the greater US aerospace industry". On 23 January 2018, after Embraer increased the range of its
665:
airline analyst Leeham, the DoC ignored that the 737-700 production was over and the 737-7 MAX is an unattractive design that has garnered very little interest from airlines, while Boeing was unwilling to invest in a new single-aisle airplane.
436:
said "We have contracts in place with Boeing for new maritime patrol aircraft and for Apache attack helicopters and they will also be bidding for other defence work and this kind of behaviour clearly could jeopardise our future relationship."
132:
CS100 firm orders and 50 options, the first aircraft should enter service in spring 2018. Delta Air Lines, it was thought, would likely start using more fuel-efficient CS100s in 2018 on flights out of Los Angeles, New York and Dallas.
799:
Airinsight wrote that Bombardier was dumping aircraft below their cost is technically correct, like every other manufacturer, as early deliveries are sold to major launch customers at less their actual cost, not benefiting from
635:
has not won a major new order since 2013, Boeing confirmed its interest in that market segment and said that it could accommodate an order for near-term deliveries by increasing overall rates and shuffling production slots.
851:(501 made between 1973 and 1990), Embraer argued that it was absurd to impose tariffs because 54% of its components were US-made and Fairchild suffered no damage from an airplane of different specifications: the Metro is a
804:
improvements; and Bombardier did receive government subsidies for the program, like Airbus, Boeing, and Embraer have all received government subsidies ... but the ITC was also correct in finding "no harm – no foul"."
695:
Delta, Bombardier and Boeing filed their last post-hearing briefs and exhibits on December 27. As a 4 January 2018 ITC filing notes Bombardier did not provide the projected or estimated value of aircraft parts to be
1039:
Following the agreement, Airbus will acquire 50.01% of the program for a token one canadian dollar. Bombardier should keep a stake of about 31%, while the part of the government from Quebec will be reduced to about
200:
which were unavailable for the Delta timeline as Boeing does not currently produce a model in the 100-125 seat range, not the Boeing 737-700 or 737 MAX 7. Boeing itself received multibillion-dollar tax breaks from
513:
said "When you produce an aircraft in the US, it is not subject to an import duty under US rules We are not circumventing anything". Boeing thinks this would not exempt the aircraft from potential tariffs.
81:" policy. In October, with financial issues already mounting, Bombardier was indirectly forced by the US government tariffs to relinquish 50.01% of its stake in the CSeries program to Airbus for a symbolic
926:
mounting debts, Bombardier sold its remaining A220 stake to Airbus and exited the commercial plane business. With this deal, Airbus's stake in the A220 programme increased from 50.01% to 75%, while the
2042:
1377:
192:
qualified the move as "perhaps the most back-handed compliment one manufacturer can pay another". Delta Air Lines dismissed Boeing's allegations, claiming Boeing only offered a combination of used
828:
commitments", helping Bombardier meet its target of 40 deliveries up from 17 in 2017, but intends "to take as many deliveries as possible from as soon as that facility is up and running".
767:
do not, and will not, compete with the 737, unlike the CSeries, and that it has collaborated with the Brazilian company on previous projects. The publicly available documents were heavily
472:
Boeing was prepared for the possibility of losing military sales from the Canadian and UK reactions, but was surprised that Airbus took a majority stake in the program, which could cause
408:
for an estimated C$ 500 million (US$ 388 million). The Canadian government made clear that Boeing will not be considered a trusted partner unless it drops its CSeries trade challenge.
1577:
137:
believe that a substantial 65 to 70% discount off the $ 71.8 million list price was provided making the final sale at $ 24.6–28.7 million price per aircraft; this large order from a
326:
631:
At the 18 December 2017 US ITC hearing, Delta confirmed it has asked Bombardier to guarantee that all the aircraft it ordered will be assembled in Mobile. While the 135-seat
2339:
1618:
1800:
643:, warned that a positive finding by the ITC "based on just the type of 'speculation and conjecture' that is prohibited under both US and international law" could violate
223:
win at the prices it is offering. If Bombardier does that, we're looking at losing $ 330 million dollars in revenue every year". Bombardier Commercial Aircraft president
1125:
1636:
2005:
1539:
1096:
2743:
2643:
376:
in a statement in mid September. "We won't do business with a company that's busy ... trying to put our aerospace workers out of business". Canadian Defence Minister
267:
On 9 June, the US Trade Commission voted that there is a reasonable indication that the US industry is threatened and will publish its report after 10 July 2017. The
2414:
2249:
975:
922:, while Delta told the commission that the airline would pay an additional fee if it was flown on routes averaging more than 1,000 nautical miles (1,900 km).
855:
while the Bandeirante is not; the ITC rejected the complaint. In 2010, the ITC was called to verify if Embraer received government support since 2006 while 13,000
392:
Canada will run a competition for 88 new fighters to replace its current 77 CF-18s at a cost of C$ 15 to C$ 19 billion. The competitors are expected to include
1663:
2046:
1381:
708:
To support the four commissions' 25 January vote, the ITC staff published a 118-page report reviewing both arguments, summarizing its investigation from the
464:" and a "subsidy junkie" and suggested it was trying to "crush a competitor". Bombardier manufacturing in Northern Ireland employs indirectly 11,000 people.
405:
1378:"US Department of Commerce Issues Affirmative Preliminary Countervailing Duty Determination on Imports of 100- to 150-Seat Large Civil Aircraft From Canada"
2396:
333:
said "we do not expect to pay any tariffs and we do expect to take the planes", maybe with a delay, but he had "various other plans and alternatives".
2815:
1755:
319:
ultimately imposed by the US government's Commerce department on 8 February. Delta Air Lines is confident Bombardier will be eventually exonerated.
1682:
1736:
2634:
1236:
578:, its managers think Boeing could lose its ability to innovate and price its products competitively, thus jeopardizing its long-term survival.
2705:
2433:
1851:
404:. The government scrapped its plans to buy 18 new Super Hornets as an interim measure on 12 December 2017 and will instead buy 18 second-hand
2470:
2756:
2579:
2092:
824:
in 2018, not having to wait for the proposed Alabama assembly site. Delta confirmed it will take deliveries from Canada this year to meet "
542:
341:
219:
66:
2452:
2301:
2211:
1986:
735:
As the ITC requested more details about the Alabama final assembly site, Bombardier responded on 17 January, saying that it was obtaining
2830:
2689:
2377:
2358:
2268:
2230:
2192:
2088:
1967:
1832:
1813:
1446:
1177:
497:
and Bombardier announced a partnership on the CSeries program, with Airbus acquiring a 50.01% majority stake, Bombardier keeping 31% and
1197:
1018:
Bombardier agreed in October to sell Airbus a 50.01 percent stake in its flagship commercial jet for a token fee of one Canadian dollar,
1271:
2156:
2137:
1929:
1948:
1796:
460:
accused Boeing of hypocrisy, insisting that all aircraft manufacturers require government subsidies; he labeled Boeing "the king of
2656:
1907:
1889:
1465:
1308:
1484:
1340:
1290:
875:
have their factories; Florida testified in 2011 that the US was Embraer's largest supplier base and the ITC concluded that the
2320:
2068:
1133:
188:
noted "The reaction to Boeing's petition against Bombardier across much of the aerospace industry has been sharply negative".
2105:
2043:"U.S. Department of Commerce Finds Dumping and Subsidization of Imports of 100- to 150-Seat Large Civil Aircraft from Canada"
1640:
1030:
768:
280:
142:
1104:
2485:
1776:
1156:"Petitions For The Imposition Of Antidumping And Countervailing Duties On 100-To 150-Seat Large Civil Aircraft From Canada"
2517:
2825:
1182:
814:
184:
1155:
529:
due to the aircraft being built in the US, while Bombardier argues that its deal with Airbus should be left outside the
1359:
432:
announced that her government would work with the company to protect the 4,000 "vital" jobs. British Defence Secretary
294:
presented their support of the CSeries, benefiting US travelers while Boeing does not offer any 100-140 seat aircraft.
2717:
2682:
The argument that Airbus competes unfairly against Boeing because of government subsidies is dubious if not laughable.
2119:
2820:
2810:
1597:
2606:
2800:
1077:
2769:
1521:
1503:
2503:
1217:
546:
deliveries. The US content already exceeds 50% without the final assembly and is close to 60% with it included.
948:
879:
of 2008 depressed bizjet sales among lack of financing and credit and cost US jobs, not subsidies to Embraer.
2795:
1870:
1237:"Boeing got a record tax break from Washington state and cut jobs anyway. Now the state wants to strike back"
883:
365:
1540:"Amid spat with Bombardier, Boeing won't be considered for future fighter jet replacements, Sajjan suggests"
286:
As the US Department of Commerce should announce eventual measures against Bombardier on 25 September 2017,
2673:
1718:
810:
1559:
1052:
581:
Unexpectedly, Boeing action could increase manufacturers concentration and reinforce itself and Airbus
2629:
1420:
890:
subsidies and the August 1982 rejected petition from Fairchild Swearingen against Brazilian aircraft.
2286:
2174:
2086:"Boeing and Embraer Confirm Discussions on Potential Combination" (Press release). December 21, 2017.
1326:
755:
plan to recruit 400-500 employees. In answering the ITC request for more information on its possible
268:
74:
1700:
1256:
58:
them at $ 19.6m each, below their $ 33.2m production cost. On the same day, both Bombardier and the
721:
702:
688:
644:
393:
369:
182:
for selling 75+50 CS100s to Delta Air Lines for $ 19.6m each, below their $ 33.2m production cost.
179:
89:
55:
498:
2024:
1578:"Boeing is the "king of corporate welfare" or Boeing has never received subsidies – you decide"
605:
322:
78:
2664:
1327:"USITC Votes to Continue Investigations on 100- to 150-Seat Large Civil Aircraft from Canada"
452:
warned that the Commerce Department's tariff may result in a UK-US trade war. On October 11,
2730:
243:
to undercut Bombardier, affecting the pricing of the MAX 7 and cascading on the rest of the
164:
2287:"100- to 150-Seat Large Civil Aircraft from Canada Do Not Injure U.S. Industry, Says USITC"
852:
677:
291:
121:
59:
35:
930:'s holding rose to 25%, although it will not be injecting any new money into the program.
898:
8:
2591:
848:
736:
729:
613:
558:
272:
1406:
681:
right-sized airliner to compete for Delta and thus wasn't harmed by unfair competition.
325:'s Danny Lam suggest Boeing's trade complaint real reason is the potential expansion of
2805:
1794:"Airbus and Bombardier Announce C Series Partnership" (Press release). 16 October 2017.
911:
840:
505:
remain in Québec while US customers would benefit from a second Final Assembly Line in
248:
207:
51:
2518:"Bombardier exits the commercial plane business, sells remaining A220 stake to Airbus"
1522:"Boeing Super Hornet jet purchase likely to become 1st casualty in possible trade war"
1421:"Canada 'extremely disappointed' as Bombardier hit with more duties by US government"
927:
915:
868:
725:
640:
461:
397:
212:
593:
551:
518:
425:
252:
202:
2790:
2544:
1241:
1081:
1001:
976:"Analysis | Why are Boeing and the U.S. in a trade war with Canada and the U.K.?"
906:
876:
844:
821:
752:
748:
676:
confirmed to be discussing a potential combination with a transaction subject to
620:
510:
506:
457:
401:
287:
236:
169:
125:
114:
82:
43:
39:
27:
2289:(Press release). United States International Trade Commission. January 26, 2018.
949:"Bombardier rejects Boeing claim CSeries was dumped into the U.S. at below cost"
2706:"In fight over Bombardier CSeries, Boeing loses friends as well as tariff case"
2045:(Press release). U.S. Department of Commerce. December 20, 2017. Archived from
1740:
1582:
801:
717:
709:
624:
473:
453:
433:
417:
373:
349:
244:
240:
229:
172:
2644:"Airbus teams up with Bombardier to deepen Delta ties and outmanoeuvre Boeing"
566:
million below its production cost, with the intent of protecting its workers,
485:
2784:
2701:
1544:
1380:(Press release). US Department of Commerce. 26 September 2017. Archived from
775:
740:
713:
597:
561:
stated that the Canadian government support to Bombardier when it was facing
550:
add to Boeing production which is oversold while its real competition is the
502:
445:
Bombardier which would hurt Boeing for many years. The Republic of Ireland's
377:
193:
138:
70:
684:
105:
2504:"Delta extends Airbus A220 order book to 90 total aircraft By Staff Writer"
1329:(Press release). United States International Trade Commission. 9 June 2017.
1202:
1129:
919:
887:
882:
The ITC staff report also reviews the May 1982 dismissed petition from the
860:
764:
744:
582:
449:
386:
345:
279:
duty determination due on 4 October 2017. Its detailed decision is heavily
189:
134:
1756:"Boeing faces challenge to prove harm from CSeries, says U.S. think tank"
1602:
779:
571:
429:
353:
276:
224:
158:
92:(WTO) against the United States over the affair. On 26 January, the four
1560:"Liberals bash Boeing but still haven't ruled out Super Hornet purchase"
1257:"Cross-border aircraft rivals Bombardier, Boeing clash in trade hearing"
247:
family. That was a threat to the company's future and ultimately the US
232:
and had to account for the "perceived risk" of ordering a new aircraft.
2340:"U.S. ITC details why it rejected CSeries duties, says Boeing not hurt"
2138:"Canada files WTO complaint vs US over Boeing C Series trade complaint"
562:
330:
256:
197:
110:
18:
2744:"U.S. trade body backs Canadian plane maker Bombardier against Boeing"
1309:"Bombardier-Delta deal can put Boeing out of business, company claims"
1341:"Decision detailed (sort of) in Boeing-Bombardier price dumping case"
1178:"Opinion: Why Boeing's Charge of Bombardier 'Dumping' Doesn't Add Up"
1053:"Airbus takes control of Bombardier CSeries in rebuff to U.S. threat"
609:
575:
446:
438:
69:(USITC) found that the US industry could be threatened and should be
1598:"Justin Trudeau puts Donald Trump on notice over Bombardier tariffs"
1360:"Two More US Airlines Support Bombardier V. Boeing In Trade Dispute"
533:, as is Boeing, which also claims the Mobile site's only goal is to
2231:"Two US lawmakers throw support behind Bombardier in trade dispute"
2193:"US trade staff issue final report before Bombardier-Boeing ruling"
1777:"Pontifications: EU weighs in for Bombardier in Boeing trade fight"
1760:
872:
825:
784:
534:
530:
178:
On 27 April 2017, Boeing filed a petition charging Bombardier with
2006:"Boeing-Bombardier spat puts US-Canadian trade deals in spotlight"
1987:"Boeing defends 100-150 seat market interest during trade hearing"
1833:"Boeing, Bombardier and Delta spar ahead of CSeries tariff ruling"
1737:"Boeing a 'Subsidy Junkie,' U.K.'s Labour Says in Bombardier Spat"
1664:"Boeing And Bombardier Battle It Out On Tariffs And Supply Chains"
1094:
271:
will continue to conduct its investigations, with its preliminary
2757:"C Series U.S. Assembly Line Still Planned Despite Trade Victory"
2741:
2415:"Boeing will not appeal trade case against Bombardier: spokesman"
2337:
2321:"The International Trade Commission Reached a Perfect Compromise"
1683:"Theresa May hints at Boeing boycott in Bombardier US tariff row"
1619:"Canada to Boeing: back down or lose chance of big fighter order"
1097:"New York, L.A. Seen by Delta as Bases for Newest Bombardier Jet"
760:
673:
567:
421:
302:
129:
47:
23:
2718:"What happened and what's next in Boeing-Bombardier trade case?"
2250:"Bombardier seeks to enmesh Embraer in trade spat before ruling"
999:
574:. If Airbus, Bombardier and maybe others can rely on government
1968:"Delta, Bombardier renegotiating delivery clause in CS100 deal"
1616:
1078:"Delta orders state-of-art, fuel-efficient Bombardier C Series"
864:
856:
756:
739:, visiting the site and planning the details, while abiding by
697:
669:
526:
494:
62:
rejected Boeing's claim, vowing to mount a "vigorous defence".
2434:"Embraer twice became focus of US trade commission complaints"
2069:"History undermines Boeing claim of C Series impact: analysis"
1291:"Bombardier's Cromer defends pricing of Delta's CSeries order"
813:
in New York, or reach for a settlement under the backtracking
153:
85:$ 1, and would produce CSeries aircraft in the United States.
2592:"Investigation Nos. 701-TA-578 and 731-TA-1368 (Preliminary)"
724:
and technology for the CSeries, while Boeing has an edge for
632:
522:
307:
93:
88:
On 10 January 2018, Canada formally filed a complaint at the
1447:"Commerce Department tags on additional 80% tariff on CS100"
283:, not allowing an observer to understand the ITC reasoning.
2394:
2177:(Press release). World Trade Organization. 10 January 2018.
1930:"Boeing: We Cannot, Will Not Stop Bombardier Trade Dispute"
1002:"Airbus nails down Bombardier CSeries deal in boost to jet"
2378:"Bombardier may begin CSeries deliveries to Delta in 2018"
2269:"ITC rejects Bombardier's request to review Embraer range"
2175:"Canada files WTO complaint over US trade remedy measures"
1466:"Opinion: Why Boeing vs. Bombardier Is Really About China"
820:
The published report could allow deliveries to Delta from
1031:"Airbus and Bombardier in family ties with C Series deal"
2397:"Delta says will take CSeries jets made in Canada, U.S."
2302:"Alabama CSeries site still planned despite tariff vote"
2212:"Bombardier progressing with Alabama CSeries site plans"
2630:"Boeing Co (BA) Must Drop Its Canadian Fight — or Else"
2607:"Investigation Nos. 701-TA-578 and 731-TA-1368 (Final)"
2003:
1890:"Opinion: Why Boeing's C Series Concerns Are Justified"
1719:"Dublin flags Brexit 'lesson' in UK-US Bombardier spat"
1407:"Boeing UK contracts 'jeopardised' over Bombardier row"
1272:"CSeries prices threaten 737 Max 7 'viability': Boeing"
847:(600 made between 1972 and 2001) was threatened by the
2742:
Allison Lampert, Lesley Wroughton (January 26, 2018).
2690:"US trade panel sides with Bombardier in CSeries spat"
2453:"Delta A220 introduction breaks with sworn statements"
2359:"Bombardier's trade court win came down to seat count"
1868:
1814:"US-built CSeries still subject to import tax: Boeing"
1701:"Boeing Calls Theresa May's Bluff Over Bombardier Aid"
1570:
1175:
1165:. Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr. pp. 2–3.
1126:"ANALYSIS: Delta Becomes the Largest CSeries Customer"
608:, president of Boeing Europe and managing director of
2616:. U.S. International Trade Commission. February 2018.
2120:"Post-hearing briefs in Boeing-Bombardier trade case"
1617:
David Ljunggren, Andrea Hopkins (December 12, 2017).
1532:
1095:
Michael Sasso and Frederic Tomesco (14 August 2017).
1504:"Delta CEO emphatic: 'We will not pay' CSeries duty"
1198:"Boeing's CSeries trade complaint lacks credibility"
2580:"100- to 150-Seat Large Civil Aircraft from Canada"
2545:"Airbus, Quebec to buy out Bombardier's A220 stake"
2106:"Boeing's Brazilian Flight of Fancy Could Backfire"
1923:
1921:
831:On March 22, Boeing declined to appeal the ruling.
2584:Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Investigations
2338:Allison Lampert, Lesley Wroughton (Feb 14, 2018).
2186:
2184:
2157:"Canada appeals to WTO ahead of US CSeries ruling"
1729:
1218:"Delta shoots down Boeing's CSeries dumping claim"
1000:Allison Lampert; Rama Venkat Raman (9 June 2018).
839:In a similar case in 1982 for 19-seat turboprops,
651:switched to the larger 737-900 within two months.
2728:
2614:100- to 150-Seat Large Civil Aircraft from Canada
2601:. U.S. International Trade Commission. June 2017.
2599:100- to 150-Seat Large Civil Aircraft from Canada
2103:
2022:
1674:
1088:
790:
73:. On 26 September, after lobbying by Boeing, the
2782:
2687:
2375:
2356:
2331:
2299:
2266:
2228:
2209:
2190:
2154:
1949:"Delta picks A321neo for narrowbody replacement"
1918:
1830:
1811:
1787:
1610:
1444:
1269:
480:
364:Boeing's actions may affect the planned sale of
2671:
2654:
2444:
2425:
2412:
2350:
2318:
2247:
2203:
2181:
2148:
1984:
1965:
1881:
1843:
1824:
1805:
1768:
1401:
1399:
1357:
1301:
1234:
517:In some 13 November filings, Delta insists its
2754:
2506:(Press release). Delta Air Lines. Jan 9, 2019.
2483:
2450:
2431:
1946:
1887:
1862:
1774:
1482:
1438:
946:
2700:
2627:
2471:"Airbus introduces the A220-100 and A220-300"
1927:
1753:
1680:
1661:
1485:"Delta will not pay proposed CSeries tariffs"
1319:
712:, public briefings and the airliner industry
2395:Allison Lampert, Alana Wise (Feb 15, 2018).
1871:"Opinion: Enough With The Hypocrisy, Boeing"
1849:
1396:
1153:
973:
743:requirements. Bombardier has identified the
220:United States International Trade Commission
1637:"UK warns Boeing over Bombardier trade row"
275:determination due on 21 July 2017, and its
2767:
1501:
1288:
315:multibillion-dollar aircraft programmes".
50:CS100s plus 50 options. On 27 April 2017,
2542:
1639:. AFP. September 27, 2017. Archived from
1463:
659:
2486:"Delta takes North America's first A220"
2241:
2004:Alwyn Scott, Alana Wise (Dec 18, 2017).
1908:"Is the CSeries ruling a seismic shift?"
897:
834:
747:and equipment required, replicating its
683:
592:
484:
340:
329:through Bombardier. Delta Air Lines CEO
301:
163:
152:
104:
17:
2104:Brooke Sutherland (December 21, 2017).
2023:Addison Schonland (December 20, 2017).
902:First delivery to Delta in October 2018
612:and Ireland, formally testified in the
2783:
2729:Addison Schonland (January 26, 2018).
2586:. U.S. International Trade Commission.
2473:(Press release). Airbus. 10 July 2018.
2025:"The ITC Boeing Vs Bombardier Hearing"
1869:Anthony L Velocci, Jr. (Dec 8, 2017).
2672:Paul Bertorelli (December 17, 2017).
2655:Ernest S. Arvai (November 30, 2017).
2543:Kar-Gupta, Sudip (13 February 2020).
1176:Anthony L Velocci, Jr. (5 May 2017).
297:
2816:Canada–United States trade relations
2761:Aviation Week & Space Technology
1894:Aviation Week & Space Technology
1875:Aviation Week & Space Technology
1856:Aviation Week & Space Technology
1470:Aviation Week & Space Technology
1358:Ernest S. Arvai (7 September 2017).
1295:Aviation Week & Space Technology
1183:Aviation Week & Space Technology
918:(1,207 nmi, 2,235 km) and
489:seating comparisons with the CSeries
441:is also a major employer in the UK.
185:Aviation Week & Space Technology
1681:Larry Elliott (28 September 2017).
1259:. The Canadian Press. May 18, 2017.
381:Boeing's bid when it is presented.
262:
148:
141:could help Bombardier to break the
13:
2831:Protectionism in the United States
2413:Allison Lampert (March 23, 2018).
1852:"Industry Closely Watching Airbus"
14:
2842:
2628:Will Ashworth (October 9, 2017).
2572:
2567:
1754:Ross Marowits (12 October 2017).
467:
411:
67:US International Trade Commission
2688:Jon Hemmerdinger (26 Jan 2018).
2376:Jon Hemmerdinger (15 Feb 2018).
2357:Jon Hemmerdinger (15 Feb 2018).
2319:Ernest S. Arvai (Jan 29, 2018).
2300:Jon Hemmerdinger (26 Jan 2018).
2267:Jon Hemmerdinger (25 Jan 2018).
2229:Jon Hemmerdinger (23 Jan 2018).
2210:Jon Hemmerdinger (18 Jan 2018).
2191:Jon Hemmerdinger (17 Jan 2018).
2155:Jon Hemmerdinger (10 Jan 2018).
1831:Jon Hemmerdinger (21 Nov 2017).
1812:Jon Hemmerdinger (17 Oct 2017).
1270:Jon Hemmerdinger (25 May 2017).
974:Ashley Nunes (7 December 2021).
947:Ross Marowitts (27 April 2017).
541:Depending on the outcome of the
2768:Russ Niles (February 5, 2018).
2755:Graham Warwick (Jan 29, 2018).
2731:"ITC rejects damages to Boeing"
2536:
2510:
2496:
2477:
2463:
2432:Scott Hamilton (Jan 20, 2018).
2406:
2388:
2369:
2312:
2293:
2279:
2260:
2248:Allison Lampert (23 Jan 2018).
2222:
2167:
2130:
2112:
2097:
2079:
2061:
2035:
2016:
1997:
1985:Stephen Trimble (18 Dec 2017).
1978:
1966:Stephen Trimble (18 Dec 2017).
1959:
1940:
1900:
1888:Loren Thompson (Dec 15, 2017).
1775:Scott Hamilton (Nov 20, 2017).
1747:
1711:
1693:
1655:
1629:
1590:
1552:
1514:
1495:
1476:
1457:
1445:Jon Hemmerdinger (6 Oct 2017).
1413:
1370:
1351:
1333:
1282:
1263:
1249:
1235:Michael Hiltzik (May 4, 2017).
1228:
1210:
1190:
1169:
1163:On behalf of The Boeing Company
1132:. 28 April 2016. Archived from
774:Republican Alabama congressman
639:Canada's ambassador to the US,
416:Bombardier, via its subsidiary
100:
2770:"Boeing Sticks Its Foot In It"
2484:Edward Russell (26 Oct 2018).
2451:Edward Russell (16 Oct 2018).
1947:Edward Russell (14 Dec 2017).
1928:Michael Bruno (Dec 15, 2017).
1662:Jonathan Webb (Sep 27, 2017).
1483:Edward Russell (11 Oct 2017).
1147:
1118:
1070:
1045:
1023:
993:
967:
940:
791:International Trade Commission
1:
2621:
1850:Jens Flottau (Nov 21, 2017).
933:
884:Commuter Aircraft Corporation
481:Airbus-Bombardier partnership
366:Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet
42:, recorded a firm order from
2524:. CBC News. 13 February 2020
893:
811:Court of International Trade
654:
336:
7:
2657:"Making Boeing Great Again"
1502:Aaron Karp (Oct 11, 2017).
859:workers lost their jobs in
588:
538:competition for customers.
10:
2847:
2826:United States trade policy
1289:Aaron Karp (25 May 2017).
428:. The UK's Prime Minister
211:compared the situation to
2674:"Boeing Good, Airbus Bad"
1464:Danny Lam (Oct 9, 2017).
1409:. BBC. 27 September 2017.
751:plant and has prepared a
525:and no aircraft would be
420:, is a major employer in
359:
327:China's aviation industry
269:US Department of Commerce
75:US Department of Commerce
2821:Anti-dumping authorities
2811:Dumping (pricing policy)
2648:CAPA Centre for Aviation
703:World Trade Organization
689:World Trade Organization
645:World Trade Organization
394:Airbus Defence and Space
372:, warned Prime Minister
370:Royal Canadian Air Force
239:very low prices for the
145:on narrowbody aircraft.
128:announced a sale for 75
90:World Trade Organization
2801:Foreign trade of Canada
771:and sparsely detailed.
26:CS100 demonstrated for
903:
692:
660:Department of Commerce
601:
501:19%, headquarters and
490:
356:
323:University of Waterloo
311:
175:
161:
117:
31:
2667:on November 30, 2017.
1934:Aviation Week Network
1707:. September 28, 2017.
1508:Aviation Week Network
901:
835:Earlier similar cases
687:
619:On 14 December 2017,
604:On 13 December 2017,
596:
557:The Boeing-supported
499:Investissement Québec
488:
344:
305:
167:
156:
143:Boeing/Airbus duopoly
108:
54:filed a petition for
21:
2796:Bombardier Aerospace
2704:(January 26, 2018).
2049:on December 22, 2017
1548:. 28 September 2017.
955:. The Canadian Press
863:manufacturing where
853:pressurised aircraft
763:, Boeing claims its
737:regulatory approvals
678:Brazilian government
493:On 16 October 2017,
368:jet fighters to the
292:Sun Country Airlines
122:Bombardier Aerospace
65:On 9 June 2017, the
60:government of Canada
36:Bombardier Aerospace
1643:on October 18, 2017
1606:. October 12, 2017.
886:claiming harm from
849:Embraer Bandeirante
778:and Kansas senator
614:UK House of Commons
600:facility in Alabama
559:Lexington Institute
310:in Washington, D.C.
273:countervailing duty
1743:. 11 October 2017.
1586:. 12 October 2017.
1154:Robert T. Novick.
912:New York LaGuardia
904:
728:, performance and
693:
602:
491:
406:Australian F/A-18s
357:
312:
298:Preliminary duties
249:aerospace industry
208:The Canadian Press
176:
162:
120:On 28 April 2016,
118:
52:The Boeing Company
34:On 28 April 2016,
32:
2710:The Seattle Times
1384:on 1 October 2017
1080:(Press release).
1035:Airline Suppliers
928:Quebec government
916:Dallas/Fort Worth
869:Hawker Beechcraft
726:fleet commonality
710:legal submissions
701:complaint at the
641:David MacNaughton
521:is not an actual
509:. Bombardier CEO
462:corporate welfare
398:Dassault Aviation
213:David and Goliath
2838:
2777:
2764:
2751:
2738:
2725:
2713:
2697:
2684:
2668:
2663:. Archived from
2651:
2639:
2617:
2611:
2602:
2596:
2587:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2316:
2310:
2309:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2188:
2179:
2178:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2101:
2095:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1925:
1916:
1915:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1809:
1803:
1795:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1160:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1103:. Archived from
1092:
1086:
1085:
1084:. 28 April 2016.
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1037:. 11 June 2018.
1027:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1013:
997:
991:
990:
988:
986:
971:
965:
964:
962:
960:
944:
705:against the US.
668:On 21 December,
552:Embraer E-Jet E2
426:Northern Ireland
263:Initial findings
253:Boeing 777-300ER
203:Washington state
149:Dumping petition
38:, a division of
2846:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2781:
2780:
2724:. Jan 26, 2018.
2716:
2642:
2624:
2609:
2605:
2594:
2590:
2578:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2564:
2554:
2552:
2541:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2482:
2478:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2449:
2445:
2430:
2426:
2411:
2407:
2393:
2389:
2374:
2370:
2355:
2351:
2336:
2332:
2317:
2313:
2298:
2294:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2265:
2261:
2246:
2242:
2227:
2223:
2208:
2204:
2189:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2153:
2149:
2144:. Jan 10, 2018.
2136:
2135:
2131:
2126:. Dec 28, 2017.
2118:
2117:
2113:
2102:
2098:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2075:. Dec 22, 2017.
2067:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2021:
2017:
2002:
1998:
1983:
1979:
1964:
1960:
1945:
1941:
1926:
1919:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1886:
1882:
1867:
1863:
1848:
1844:
1829:
1825:
1810:
1806:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1773:
1769:
1752:
1748:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1725:. Sep 29, 2017.
1723:Financial Times
1717:
1716:
1712:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1679:
1675:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1644:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1615:
1611:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1566:. Sep 28, 2017.
1558:
1557:
1553:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1528:. Sep 27, 2017.
1520:
1519:
1515:
1500:
1496:
1481:
1477:
1462:
1458:
1443:
1439:
1429:
1427:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1387:
1385:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1356:
1352:
1347:. 27 June 2017.
1339:
1338:
1334:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1287:
1283:
1268:
1264:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1242:Chicago Tribune
1233:
1229:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1174:
1170:
1158:
1152:
1148:
1139:
1137:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1110:
1108:
1093:
1089:
1082:Delta Air Lines
1076:
1075:
1071:
1062:
1060:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1011:
1009:
998:
994:
984:
982:
980:Washington Post
972:
968:
958:
956:
945:
941:
936:
907:Delta Air Lines
896:
877:Great Recession
837:
822:Mirabel, Quebec
793:
753:human resources
722:fuel efficiency
662:
657:
625:Airbus A321neos
621:Delta Air Lines
591:
511:Alain Bellemare
507:Mobile, Alabama
483:
470:
458:UK Labour Party
414:
402:Lockheed Martin
362:
339:
300:
288:Spirit Airlines
265:
237:United Airlines
235:Boeing offered
170:United Airlines
151:
126:Delta Air Lines
115:Delta Air Lines
103:
44:Delta Air Lines
40:Bombardier Inc.
28:Delta Air Lines
12:
11:
5:
2844:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2779:
2778:
2765:
2752:
2739:
2726:
2714:
2698:
2685:
2669:
2652:
2650:. 23 Oct 2017.
2640:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2603:
2588:
2574:
2573:Administrative
2571:
2569:
2568:External links
2566:
2563:
2562:
2535:
2509:
2495:
2476:
2462:
2443:
2424:
2405:
2387:
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2259:
2240:
2221:
2202:
2180:
2166:
2147:
2129:
2111:
2096:
2078:
2060:
2034:
2015:
1996:
1977:
1958:
1939:
1917:
1899:
1880:
1861:
1842:
1823:
1804:
1786:
1767:
1746:
1728:
1710:
1692:
1673:
1654:
1628:
1609:
1589:
1583:Ottawa Citizen
1569:
1551:
1531:
1513:
1494:
1475:
1456:
1437:
1412:
1395:
1369:
1350:
1332:
1318:
1315:. 25 May 2017.
1300:
1281:
1262:
1248:
1227:
1224:. 23 May 2017.
1209:
1189:
1168:
1146:
1117:
1087:
1069:
1044:
1022:
992:
966:
938:
937:
935:
932:
895:
892:
836:
833:
802:learning curve
792:
789:
714:questionnaires
661:
658:
656:
653:
606:Michael Arthur
590:
587:
482:
479:
469:
468:European Union
466:
454:Barry Gardiner
434:Michael Fallon
418:Short Brothers
413:
412:United Kingdom
410:
374:Justin Trudeau
361:
358:
350:Justin Trudeau
338:
335:
299:
296:
264:
261:
245:Boeing 737 MAX
241:Boeing 737-700
230:Paris Air Show
218:At the 18 May
173:Boeing 737-700
150:
147:
102:
99:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2843:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2702:Dominic Gates
2699:
2695:
2691:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2635:InvestorPlace
2631:
2626:
2625:
2615:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2593:
2589:
2585:
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2577:
2576:
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2198:
2194:
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