244:
221:
143:
118:
495:
250:
149:
1507:, that in turn leads to an overall impaired humoral immune response. Additionally CD19 plays a role in modulating MHC Class II expression and signaling, which can be affected by mutations. CD19 deficient B cells exhibit selective growth disadvantage; therefore, it is rare for CD19 to be absent in neoplastic B cells, as it is essential for development.
1539:) have been utilized for their antitumor abilities in patients with CD19 lymphoma and leukemia, first against Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL), then against CLL in 2011, and then against ALL in 2013. CAR-19 T cells are genetically modified T cells that express a targeting moiety on their surface that confers T cell receptor (
1531:
in development work by exploiting the widespread presence of CD19 on B cells, with expression highly conserved in most neoplastic B cells, to direct treatment specifically towards B-cell cancers. However, it is now emerging that the protein plays an active role in driving the growth of these cancers,
1312:). The Akt-GSK3β axis is necessary for MYC activation by CD19 in BCR-negative cells, with higher levels of Akt activation corresponding to higher levels of MYC. CD19 is a crucial BCR-independent regulator of MYC-driven neoplastic growth in B cells since the CD19-MYC axis promotes cell expansion
1391:, augmentation of signaling through the BCR, and recruitment of PI3K. The localization of PI3K initiates another signaling pathway leading to Akt activation. Varying expression of CD19 on the cell surface modulates tyrosine phosphorylation and Akt kinase signaling and by extension,
1551:
of the target cells, which in this case are CD19 B cells. CAR-19 T cells are more effective than anti-CD19 immunotoxins because they can proliferate and remain in the body for a longer period of time. This comes with a caveat since now CD19 immune escape facilitated by
1842:
Martín P, Santón A, Bellas C (April 2004). "Neural cell adhesion molecule expression in plasma cells in bone marrow biopsies and aspirates allows discrimination between multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance and polyclonal plasmacytosis".
1255:) interactions and signaling. The presence of a functional BCR is necessary during antigen-dependent differentiation and for continued survival in the peripheral immune system. Essential to the functionality of a BCR is the presence of CD19. Experiments using CD19
1178:, cytoplasmic tail that is highly conserved among mammalian species. The extracellular C2-type Ig-like domains are divided by a potential disulfide linked non-Ig-like domain and N-linked carbohydrate addition sites. The cytoplasmic tail contains at least nine
1279:
recirculating B cells and increases the in vivo life span of B cells in the peripheral B cell compartment. Ultimately, CD19 expression is integral to the propagation of BCR-induced survival signals and the maintenance of homeostasis through tonic signaling.
3676:
Chalupny NJ, Aruffo A, Esselstyn JM, Chan PY, Bajorath J, Blake J, et al. (October 1995). "Specific binding of Fyn and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to the B cell surface glycoprotein CD19 through their src homology 2 domains".
1370:
While colligated with the BCR, the CD19/CD21 complex bound to the antigen-complement complex can decrease the threshold for B cell activation. CD21, complement receptor 2, can bind fragments of C3 that have covalently attached to
1214:. Throughout development, the surface density of CD19 is highly regulated. CD19 expression in mature B cells is threefold higher than that in immature B cells. CD19 is expressed on all normal, mitogen-stimulated, and
3714:
Tuscano JM, Engel P, Tedder TF, Agarwal A, Kehrl JH (June 1996). "Involvement of p72syk kinase, p53/56lyn kinase and phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase in signal transduction via the human B lymphocyte antigen CD22".
257:
156:
1292:) plays a major role in B cell differentiation from pro B cell to mature B cell, the point at which the expression of non-B-lineage genes is permanently blocked. Part of B cell differentiation is controlling
3833:
Khine AA, Firtel M, Lingwood CA (August 1998). "CD77-dependent retrograde transport of CD19 to the nuclear membrane: functional relationship between CD77 and CD19 during germinal center B-cell apoptosis".
3795:
Husson H, Mograbi B, Schmid-Antomarchi H, Fischer S, Rossi B (May 1997). "CSF-1 stimulation induces the formation of a multiprotein complex including CSF-1 receptor, c-Cbl, PI 3-kinase, Crk-II and Grb2".
1532:
most intriguingly by stabilizing the concentrations of the MYC oncoprotein. This suggests that CD19 and its downstream signaling may be a more attractive therapeutic target than initially suspected.
3871:
Thunberg U, Gidlöf C, Bånghagen M, Sällström JF, Sundström C, Tötterman T (1998). "HpaII polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism in the human CD19 gene on 16p11".
1410:-containing enzymes and adaptor proteins that can form various multiprotein signaling complexes. In this way, CD19 can modulate the threshold for B cell activation. This is important during
6536:
3945:"Phosphorylation of CD19 Y484 and Y515, and linked activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, are required for B cell antigen receptor-mediated activation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase"
3590:"Signaling through CD19 activates Vav/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and induces formation of a CD19/Vav/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex in human B cell precursors"
6094:
1476:
production. Additionally, mutations in CD21 and CD81 can also underlie primary immunodeficiency due to their role in the CD19/CD21 complex formation. These mutations can lead to
3551:
Ord DC, Edelhoff S, Dushkin H, Zhou LJ, Beier DR, Disteche C, et al. (1994). "CD19 maps to a region of conservation between human chromosome 16 and mouse chromosome 7".
1300:. CD19 signaling, independent of BCR functions, increases c-MYC protein stability. Using a loss of function approach, researchers found reduced MYC levels in B cells of CD19
3510:"CD19, the earliest differentiation antigen of the B cell lineage, bears three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and an Epstein-Barr virus-related cytoplasmic tail"
6529:
4918:
3225:
Ishikawa H, Tsuyama N, Mahmoud MS, Fujii R, Abroun S, Liu S, et al. (March 2002). "CD19 expression and growth inhibition of tumours in human multiple myeloma".
2108:
Tedder TF, Isaacs CM (July 1989). "Isolation of cDNAs encoding the CD19 antigen of human and mouse B lymphocytes. A new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily".
1668:
Tedder TF, Isaacs CM (July 1989). "Isolation of cDNAs encoding the CD19 antigen of human and mouse B lymphocytes. A new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily".
3754:"Membrane IgM-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of CD19 requires a CD19 domain that mediates association with components of the B cell antigen receptor complex"
4057:
6522:
6087:
2902:
Seckin AN, Ozdemir H, Ceylan A, Artac H (February 2018). "Age-related alterations of the CD19 complex and memory B cells in children with Down syndrome".
3002:
Hiepe F, Dörner T, Hauser AE, Hoyer BF, Mei H, Radbruch A (March 2011). "Long-lived autoreactive plasma cells drive persistent autoimmune inflammation".
778:
3467:"Structure and domain organization of the CD19 antigen of human, mouse, and guinea pig B lymphocytes. Conservation of the extensive cytoplasmic domain"
79:
3625:"Membrane-associated CD19-LYN complex is an endogenous p53-independent and Bc1-2-independent regulator of apoptosis in human B-lineage lymphoma cells"
759:
3424:"Intersection of the complement and immune systems: a signal transduction complex of the B lymphocyte-containing complement receptor type 2 and CD19"
2288:"CD19 function in early and late B cell development: I. Maintenance of follicular and marginal zone B cells requires CD19-dependent survival signals"
6080:
4908:
2365:
Rickert RC, Rajewsky K, Roes J (July 1995). "Impairment of T-cell-dependent B-cell responses and B-1 cell development in CD19-deficient mice".
6917:
4035:
1636:
6922:
2421:"Abnormal B lymphocyte development, activation, and differentiation in mice that lack or overexpress the CD19 signal transduction molecule"
1618:
3381:"The CD19/CD21 signal transducing complex of human B lymphocytes includes the target of antiproliferative antibody-1 and Leu-13 molecules"
2197:
Del Nagro CJ, Otero DC, Anzelon AN, Omori SA, Kolla RV, Rickert RC (2005). "CD19 function in central and peripheral B-cell development".
7003:
6998:
6930:
4888:
4025:
1379:. Recognition of an antigen by the complement system enables the CD19/CD21 complex and associated intracellular signaling molecules to
3847:
1005:
998:
7048:
7028:
7018:
7013:
6983:
5750:
4074:
4050:
4004:
7091:
6970:
3262:
Zhou LJ, Ord DC, Omori SA, Tedder TF (1992). "Structure of the genes encoding the CD19 antigen of human and mouse B lymphocytes".
1963:
Zhou LJ, Ord DC, Omori SA, Tedder TF (1992). "Structure of the genes encoding the CD19 antigen of human and mouse B lymphocytes".
7058:
6398:
5481:
1202:
CD19 is widely expressed during all phases of B cell development until terminal differentiation into plasma cells. During B cell
1654:
6844:
5469:
5247:
2947:"B cell signaling and autoimmune diseases: CD19/CD22 loop as a B cell signaling device to regulate the balance of autoimmunity"
1251:, or die are continuously being made during B cell development. These decisions are tightly regulated through B cell receptor (
2067:
Haas KM, Tedder TF (2005). "Role of the CD19 and CD21/35 Receptor
Complex in Innate Immunity, Host Defense and Autoimmunity".
7137:
5533:
5528:
5474:
5254:
3215:
2084:
1723:
1515:
Since CD19 is a marker of B cells, the protein has been used to diagnose cancers that arise from this type of cell - notably
2327:
Sato S (December 1999). "CD19 is a central response regulator of B lymphocyte signaling thresholds governing autoimmunity".
1601:
7142:
4987:
4913:
4043:
2569:"Requirements for selective recruitment of Ets proteins and activation of mb-1/Ig-alpha gene transcription by Pax-5 (BSAP)"
4010:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
4928:
1580:
6514:
1103:
6662:
5981:
3299:
Carter RH, Fearon DT (April 1992). "CD19: lowering the threshold for antigen receptor stimulation of B lymphocytes".
2623:"A c-Myc and surface CD19 signaling amplification loop promotes B cell lymphoma development and progression in mice"
1145:
and nine that encode cytoplasmic domains, with a total of 556 amino acids. Experiments show that there are multiple
243:
6807:
5217:
1296:
protein stability and steady-state levels through CD19, which acts as a PAX5 target and downstream effector of the
1186:. Within these residues, Y391, Y482, and Y513 have been shown to be essential to the biological functions of CD19.
5785:
5279:
4965:
1605:
1584:
1499:
Mouse model research shows that CD19 deficiency can lead to hyporesponsiveness to transmembrane signals and weak
220:
5424:
4960:
823:
4065:
6286:
5921:
5393:
5388:
5333:
5067:
4516:
2946:
1758:
Scheuermann RH, Racila E (August 1995). "CD19 antigen in leukemia and lymphoma diagnosis and immunotherapy".
142:
117:
1527:). The majority of B cell malignancies express normal to high levels of CD19. The most current experimental
804:
5615:
5338:
1524:
1520:
1484:. Researchers found changes in the constitution of B lymphocyte population and reduced amounts of switched
59:
2861:
Verstegen RH, Driessen GJ, Bartol SJ, van Noesel CJ, Boon L, van der Burg M, et al. (December 2014).
2814:"Reduced numbers of switched memory B cells with high terminal differentiation potential in Down syndrome"
6959:
4933:
1793:
Merville P, Déchanet J, Desmoulière A, Durand I, de
Bouteiller O, Garrone P, et al. (January 1996).
1427:
2673:
Morbach H, Schickel JN, Cunningham-Rundles C, Conley ME, Reisli I, Franco JL, et al. (March 2016).
2071:. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 560. Boston, MA: Springer. pp. 125–139.
1543:) specificity towards CD19 cells. CD19 activates the TCR signaling cascade that leads to proliferation,
6549:
6103:
5645:
4070:
1167:
1065:
256:
155:
4511:
2812:
Carsetti R, Valentini D, Marcellini V, Scarsella M, Marasco E, Giustini F, et al. (March 2015).
2771:
van Zelm MC, Reisli I, van der Burg M, Castaño D, van Noesel CJ, van Tol MJ, et al. (May 2006).
2013:"Rationale of anti-CD19 immunotherapy: an option to target autoreactive plasma cells in autoimmunity"
1536:
1305:
1219:
249:
148:
1714:
Schroeder HW, Rich RR (2013). "Chapter 4: Antigen receptor genes, gene products, and co-receptors".
1330:
On the cell surface, CD19 is the dominant signaling component of a multimolecular complex including
1218:
B cells, excluding plasma cells. CD19 expression is even maintained in B lineage cells that undergo
46:
5695:
4590:
1248:
1110:
to the membrane; on the other, it works within the CD19/CD21 complex to decrease the threshold for
981:
952:
926:
901:
893:
67:
1560:, and lineage switching can form as a major form of therapeutic resistance for patients with ALL.
6495:
5659:
2567:
Maier H, Ostraat R, Parenti S, Fitzsimmons D, Abraham LJ, Garvie CW, et al. (October 2003).
1411:
1211:
1535:
CD19-targeted therapies based on T cells that express CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors (
977:
956:
922:
897:
6476:
6253:
6243:
6166:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4982:
4289:
4217:
1496:, including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, and may be a useful treatment target.
1347:
6571:
3623:
Myers DE, Jun X, Waddick KG, Forsyth C, Chelstrom LM, Gunther RL, et al. (October 1995).
1383:
to the BCR. This results in phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic tail of CD19 by BCR-associated
1362:, and provides docking sites for molecules in various different signal transduction pathways.
1118:
for B lymphocyte development, lymphoma diagnosis and can be utilized as a target for leukemia
6723:
6545:
6156:
4346:
4264:
3338:"The promoter of the CD19 gene is a target for the B-cell-specific transcription factor BSAP"
1528:
1477:
1444:
1331:
1297:
1171:
131:
6633:
6600:
2524:
Monroe JG (April 2006). "ITAM-mediated tonic signalling through pre-BCR and BCR complexes".
1094:. In humans, CD19 is expressed in all B lineage cells. Contrary to some early doubts, human
6623:
5583:
5296:
3636:
3308:
2374:
1481:
1268:
1142:
3998:
3993:
3422:
Matsumoto AK, Kopicky-Burd J, Carter RH, Tuveson DA, Tedder TF, Fearon DT (January 1991).
2243:
Carter RH, Wang Y, Brooks S (2002). "Role of CD19 signal transduction in B cell biology".
1304:
mice. CD19 signaling involves the recruitment and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase
1259:
found that CD19 is essential for B cell differentiative events including the formation of
87:
8:
7147:
5610:
5429:
4016:
1415:
1359:
1351:
1335:
6544:
6072:
3640:
3312:
2378:
5017:
4751:
3974:
3896:
3859:
3821:
3783:
3740:
3702:
3576:
3534:
3509:
3496:
3448:
3423:
3410:
3287:
3250:
3179:
3154:
3141:
3071:
3046:
3027:
2984:
2927:
2838:
2813:
2748:
2723:
2699:
2674:
2647:
2622:
2549:
2501:
2477:"CD19 is a major B cell receptor-independent activator of MYC-driven B-lymphomagenesis"
2476:
2398:
2268:
2222:
2179:
2133:
2035:
2012:
1988:
1937:
1910:
1868:
1819:
1794:
1693:
1493:
1272:
1244:
1207:
1107:
91:
3606:
3589:
3362:
3337:
3205:
2593:
2568:
2340:
2154:
Tedder TF (October 2009). "CD19: a promising B cell target for rheumatoid arthritis".
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
592:
587:
582:
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557:
541:
536:
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3888:
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3813:
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3694:
3664:
3659:
3624:
3611:
3568:
3539:
3488:
3453:
3402:
3367:
3324:
3279:
3242:
3211:
3184:
3117:
3076:
3019:
2976:
2919:
2884:
2843:
2794:
2753:
2704:
2652:
2598:
2541:
2506:
2442:
2437:
2420:
2390:
2344:
2309:
2260:
2214:
2171:
2125:
2090:
2080:
2040:
1980:
1942:
1860:
1856:
1824:
1795:"Bcl-2+ tonsillar plasma cells are rescued from apoptosis by bone marrow fibroblasts"
1775:
1729:
1719:
1685:
1388:
1376:
39:
3978:
3900:
3863:
3787:
3744:
3414:
3254:
3031:
2931:
2553:
2272:
2226:
2137:
1872:
1697:
6902:
6216:
5790:
5523:
5444:
5007:
4200:
4126:
3956:
3921:
3880:
3843:
3805:
3765:
3724:
3706:
3686:
3654:
3644:
3601:
3580:
3560:
3529:
3521:
3500:
3478:
3443:
3435:
3392:
3357:
3349:
3316:
3291:
3271:
3234:
3174:
3166:
3107:
3066:
3058:
3011:
2988:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2911:
2874:
2833:
2825:
2784:
2743:
2735:
2694:
2686:
2642:
2634:
2588:
2580:
2533:
2496:
2488:
2432:
2402:
2382:
2336:
2299:
2252:
2206:
2183:
2163:
2117:
2072:
2030:
2020:
1992:
1972:
1932:
1922:
1852:
1814:
1806:
1767:
1677:
1516:
1504:
1469:
1309:
1115:
336:
267:
211:
166:
3825:
3136:
1275:
suggest that prior to an initial antigen encounter, CD19 promotes the survival of
71:
6835:
6698:
6552:
5850:
4386:
4381:
4304:
3908:
Horváth G, Serru V, Clay D, Billard M, Boucheix C, Rubinstein E (November 1998).
3170:
1540:
1418:, amplifying the response of low affinity BCRs to low concentrations of antigen.
1384:
1264:
1252:
1191:
1111:
311:
95:
3961:
3944:
3770:
3753:
3483:
3466:
3397:
3380:
2256:
1641:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1623:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
6608:
6383:
6212:
6171:
5635:
5057:
4568:
4371:
3629:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3112:
3095:
2879:
2862:
2690:
2121:
1681:
1557:
1553:
1372:
1301:
412:
3238:
3140:
for "A Phase I Study of CD19 Specific T Cells in CD19 Positive
Malignancy" at
2915:
2304:
2287:
2210:
1771:
7131:
6589:
6355:
6327:
5605:
5062:
4153:
4029:
3926:
3909:
2638:
2475:
Chung EY, Psathas JN, Yu D, Li Y, Weiss MJ, Thomas-Tikhonenko A (June 2012).
2167:
2076:
1733:
1489:
1485:
1403:
1256:
1203:
1187:
1146:
1137:
gene located on the short arm of chromosome 16. It contains at least fifteen
1119:
1098:
do express CD19, as confirmed by others. CD19 plays two major roles in human
523:
494:
3649:
3320:
2724:"CD19 is functionally and physically associated with surface immunoglobulin"
472:
350:
6817:
5961:
5269:
5259:
4790:
4756:
3970:
3809:
3728:
3690:
3525:
3246:
3188:
3121:
3080:
3023:
3015:
2980:
2923:
2888:
2847:
2798:
2739:
2708:
2656:
2621:
Poe JC, Minard-Colin V, Kountikov EI, Haas KM, Tedder TF (September 2012).
2602:
2545:
2510:
2348:
2313:
2264:
2218:
2175:
2094:
2044:
1946:
1927:
1864:
1392:
1276:
1163:
329:
108:
3935:
3910:"CD19 is linked to the integrin-associated tetraspans CD9, CD81, and CD82"
3892:
3855:
3817:
3779:
3736:
3698:
3668:
3615:
3572:
3543:
3492:
3457:
3406:
3371:
3353:
3328:
3283:
3062:
2829:
2757:
2446:
2394:
2129:
1984:
1911:"CD19: a biomarker for B cell development, lymphoma diagnosis and therapy"
1828:
1810:
1779:
1689:
1406:, which provides multiple sites for tyrosine phosphorylation and recruits
1045:
1040:
6864:
6812:
6708:
6646:
6562:
6178:
5971:
5620:
5398:
5373:
5072:
4694:
4620:
4094:
3848:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199808)176:2<281::AID-JCP6>3.0.CO;2-K
3439:
3047:"Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells in chronic lymphoid leukemia"
2789:
2772:
2584:
1439:
1355:
1223:
1095:
868:
849:
6187:
6133:
6129:
6112:
5901:
5625:
5306:
5047:
4923:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4401:
4185:
3564:
3275:
2672:
1976:
1407:
1380:
1227:
1215:
1183:
1175:
228:
125:
75:
3884:
1222:. Because of its ubiquity on all B cells, it can function as a B cell
1190:
substitution for tyrosine at Y482 and Y513 leads to the inhibition of
624:
positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
6876:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
3794:
3379:
Bradbury LE, Kansas GS, Levy S, Evans RL, Tedder TF (November 1992).
2971:
2492:
2386:
723:
295:
282:
194:
181:
83:
2811:
2537:
6926:
6880:
6046:
5946:
5760:
5745:
4948:
4943:
4851:
4541:
3206:
Goldsby, Richard A., Kindt, Thomas J., Osborne, Barbara A. (2006).
2773:"An antibody-deficiency syndrome due to mutations in the CD19 gene"
2419:
Engel P, Zhou LJ, Ord DC, Sato S, Koller B, Tedder TF (July 1995).
2025:
1544:
1473:
1465:
1314:
1260:
1179:
1131:
1029:
6579:
3421:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7023:
7008:
6993:
6988:
6978:
6407:
6341:
6273:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5886:
5700:
5690:
5517:
5496:
5491:
5459:
5264:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5082:
4775:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4066:
2860:
2770:
1792:
1151:
1090:
is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the gene
835:
790:
708:
704:
3870:
3336:
Kozmik Z, Wang S, Dörfler P, Adams B, Busslinger M (June 1992).
1114:
signaling pathways. Due to its presence on all B cells, it is a
63:
7116:
7111:
7106:
7101:
7096:
7086:
7081:
7076:
7071:
7066:
6799:
6790:
6683:
6350:
6204:
6121:
5936:
5896:
5881:
5865:
5860:
5840:
5835:
5770:
5578:
5548:
5512:
5503:
5316:
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5148:
5143:
5113:
5092:
5052:
5012:
4878:
4856:
4815:
4739:
4734:
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4719:
4714:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4521:
4506:
4376:
4366:
4329:
4324:
4242:
4237:
2675:"CD19 controls Toll-like receptor 9 responses in human B cells"
1500:
1099:
1013:
745:
3045:
Porter DL, Levine BL, Kalos M, Bagg A, June CH (August 2011).
2566:
1488:
with high terminal differentiation potential in patients with
503:
6771:
6767:
6443:
6363:
6138:
6061:
6036:
5956:
5951:
5941:
5931:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5891:
5845:
5830:
5795:
5780:
5775:
5765:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5654:
5650:
5640:
5553:
5454:
5449:
5408:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5328:
5321:
5301:
5289:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5212:
5207:
5200:
5138:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5108:
5087:
5077:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
4977:
4972:
4938:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4883:
4871:
4866:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4785:
4677:
4672:
4491:
4475:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4418:
4396:
4391:
4284:
4210:
4205:
4195:
1548:
1343:
669:
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
2620:
1308:) and later downstream, the activation of protein kinase B (
1206:, CD19 surface expression starts during immunoglobulin (Ig)
6912:
6907:
6854:
6849:
6839:
6775:
6747:
6731:
6641:
6618:
6613:
6585:
6503:
6481:
6456:
6451:
6433:
6429:
6424:
6419:
6415:
6388:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6291:
6281:
6263:
6258:
6248:
6182:
6161:
6151:
6056:
6051:
6041:
6031:
6026:
6021:
5976:
5966:
5926:
5855:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5755:
5725:
5630:
5598:
5593:
5573:
5563:
5558:
5543:
5538:
5439:
5434:
5403:
5383:
5378:
5368:
5363:
5242:
5195:
5155:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4780:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4746:
4704:
4699:
4689:
4684:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4563:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4501:
4496:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4413:
4408:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4341:
4336:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4299:
4294:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4259:
4249:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4173:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
3675:
3224:
2069:
Mechanisms of
Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation X
1718:(4th ed.). London: Elsevier Saunders. pp. 47–51.
1449:
1434:
1339:
1289:
1138:
2196:
6886:
6872:
6307:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6221:
6102:
5568:
4180:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4148:
4121:
4089:
3713:
1399:
1350:
binding to CD21; however, CD19 does not require CD21 for
1293:
1159:
2901:
2863:"Defective B-cell memory in patients with Down syndrome"
319:
3907:
3752:
Carter RH, Doody GM, Bolen JB, Fearon DT (April 1997).
3378:
2721:
542:
phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity
3751:
3622:
3550:
3335:
3001:
2722:
Pesando JM, Bouchard LS, McMaster BE (December 1989).
1480:
as a result of poor response to antigen and defective
1460:
1226:
and a target for immunotherapies targeting neoplastic
3465:
Zhou LJ, Ord DC, Hughes AL, Tedder TF (August 1991).
3044:
1238:
484:
1402:) leads to phosphorylation of the scaffold protein,
3832:
3464:
3152:
2364:
2285:
1210:, which coincides during B lineage commitment from
629:
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process
3261:
1962:
1841:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1149:transcripts; however, only two have been isolated
2286:Otero DC, Anzelon AN, Rickert RC (January 2003).
1757:
644:positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
266:
165:
7129:
3587:
2474:
2418:
2242:
2010:
1709:
1707:
654:B cell proliferation involved in immune response
3507:
2668:
2666:
2360:
2358:
1740:
1590:
1569:
679:regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway
3588:Weng WK, Jarvis L, LeBien TW (December 1994).
2867:The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
2679:The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
2238:
2236:
2190:
2149:
2147:
1602:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030724
6530:
6088:
4051:
3155:"Targeting CD19: the good, the bad, and CD81"
2470:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2414:
2412:
2011:Mei HE, Schmidt S, Dörner T (November 2012).
1904:
1902:
1713:
1704:
3298:
2944:
2663:
2355:
2107:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
1958:
1956:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1716:Clinical immunology: Principles and Practice
1667:
1271:(MZ) B cells. Analysis of mixed bone marrow
3942:
3153:Velasquez MP, Gottschalk S (January 2017).
2616:
2614:
2612:
2233:
2144:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1581:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177455
1354:. CD81, attached to CD19, is a part of the
674:antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway
6537:
6523:
6095:
6081:
4058:
4044:
4026:United States National Library of Medicine
2453:
2409:
2066:
1908:
1661:
4075:list of human clusters of differentiation
3960:
3925:
3769:
3658:
3648:
3605:
3533:
3482:
3447:
3396:
3361:
3178:
3111:
3070:
2970:
2878:
2837:
2788:
2747:
2698:
2646:
2592:
2500:
2436:
2320:
2303:
2051:
2034:
2024:
1953:
1936:
1926:
1879:
1818:
4024:This article incorporates text from the
3508:Stamenkovic I, Seed B (September 1988).
3093:
2609:
1999:
1387:, ensuing is the binding of additional
1130:In humans, CD19 is encoded by the 7.41
659:immunoglobulin mediated immune response
614:cell surface receptor signaling pathway
7130:
2523:
2153:
1915:Experimental Hematology & Oncology
1909:Wang K, Wei G, Liu D (November 2012).
1472:syndromes characterized by diminished
1342:(a tetraspanin membrane protein), and
6518:
6076:
4039:
2481:The Journal of Clinical Investigation
1647:
1523:), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (
568:integral component of plasma membrane
271:
232:
227:
170:
129:
124:
3514:The Journal of Experimental Medicine
3428:The Journal of Experimental Medicine
2728:The Journal of Experimental Medicine
2326:
1799:The Journal of Experimental Medicine
1346:. The CD19/CD21 complex arises from
1325:
3914:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
3594:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
3051:The New England Journal of Medicine
2777:The New England Journal of Medicine
1492:. CD19 has also been implicated in
1468:in CD19 are associated with severe
1461:Autoimmunity & immunodeficiency
1288:Paired box transcription factor 5 (
1166:in the immunoglobulin superfamily (
639:regulation of complement activation
13:
3943:Buhl AM, Cambier JC (April 1999).
3198:
2904:Clinical and Experimental Medicine
1398:Activated spleen tyrosine kinase (
1283:
1239:Role in development & survival
14:
7159:
6663:Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor
3987:
2951:Journal of Dermatological Science
2945:Fujimoto M, Sato S (April 2007).
2329:Journal of Dermatological Science
1655:"Entrez Gene: CD19 CD19 molecule"
1102:: on the one hand, it acts as an
634:B cell receptor signaling pathway
3210:. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
2017:Arthritis Research & Therapy
1857:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2004.01834.x
1519:, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (
1365:
583:external side of plasma membrane
493:
255:
248:
242:
219:
154:
147:
141:
116:
3146:
3128:
3087:
3038:
2995:
2938:
2895:
2854:
2805:
2764:
2715:
2560:
2517:
2279:
2101:
1835:
1421:
1080:B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4
684:regulation of B cell activation
6875:(with two glycoprotein chains
3836:Journal of Cellular Physiology
3717:European Journal of Immunology
3679:European Journal of Immunology
3342:Molecular and Cellular Biology
2963:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.12.004
2818:European Journal of Immunology
1786:
1629:
1611:
558:integral component of membrane
504:More reference expression data
473:More reference expression data
1:
6971:Killer-cell IG-like receptors
3607:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)31664-8
2341:10.1016/s0923-1811(99)00043-2
1563:
1455:
1197:
1084:T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-12
619:regulation of immune response
455:tunica media of zone of aorta
240:
139:
7138:Genes on human chromosome 16
3171:10.1182/blood-2016-11-749143
3094:Sadelain M (December 2017).
3004:Nature Reviews. Rheumatology
2438:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90157-4
2156:Nature Reviews. Rheumatology
2019:. 14 Suppl 5 (Suppl 5): S1.
1174:and a relatively large, 240
1125:
16:Biomarker for B cell lineage
7:
7143:Clusters of differentiation
7059:Leukocyte IG-like receptors
4071:clusters of differentiation
3962:10.4049/jimmunol.162.8.4438
3771:10.4049/jimmunol.158.7.3062
3484:10.4049/jimmunol.147.4.1424
3398:10.4049/jimmunol.149.9.2841
1547:production, and ultimately
1233:
439:subcutaneous adipose tissue
10:
7164:
6550:immunoglobulin superfamily
6104:Cluster of differentiation
4015:gene details page in the
3113:10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.002
2880:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.015
2691:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.08.040
2526:Nature Reviews. Immunology
2122:10.4049/jimmunol.143.2.712
1682:10.4049/jimmunol.143.2.712
649:B-1 B cell differentiation
588:protein-containing complex
451:tunica adventitia of aorta
50:, B4, CVID3, CD19 molecule
7057:
6969:
6948:
6895:
6863:
6828:
6798:
6789:
6760:
6740:
6716:
6707:
6691:
6682:
6675:
6655:
6632:
6599:
6570:
6559:
6494:
6469:
6442:
6406:
6397:
6349:
6340:
6320:
6300:
6272:
6203:
6196:
6120:
6111:
5874:
5668:
5417:
5101:
4824:
4484:
4082:
3239:10.1080/10428190290012146
2916:10.1007/s10238-017-0457-2
2305:10.4049/jimmunol.170.1.73
1772:10.3109/10428199509059636
1637:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1619:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1510:
1220:neoplastic transformation
1170:) with two extracellular
1058:B-lymphocyte antigen CD19
1044:
1039:
1035:
1028:
1012:
1006:Chr 7: 126.01 – 126.01 Mb
993:
974:
970:
949:
945:
938:
919:
915:
890:
886:
879:
866:
862:
847:
843:
834:
821:
817:
802:
798:
789:
776:
772:
757:
753:
744:
729:
722:
718:
702:
609:cellular defense response
522:
518:
501:
492:
483:
470:
419:
410:
381:epithelium of nasopharynx
357:
348:
318:
310:
306:
289:
276:
239:
218:
209:
205:
188:
175:
138:
115:
106:
102:
57:
54:
44:
37:
32:
28:
23:
3927:10.1074/jbc.273.46.30537
2639:10.4049/jimmunol.1201000
2168:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.184
2077:10.1007/0-387-24180-9_16
1194:at the other tyrosines.
999:Chr 16: 28.93 – 28.94 Mb
689:adaptive immune response
664:B cell mediated immunity
6546:Transmembrane receptors
3650:10.1073/pnas.92.21.9575
3321:10.1126/science.1373518
3227:Leukemia & Lymphoma
1760:Leukemia & Lymphoma
1426:CD19 has been shown to
1412:primary immune response
1212:hematopoietic stem cell
1106:to recruit cytoplasmic
3999:Human CD Antigen Chart
3994:Mouse CD Antigen Chart
3810:10.1038/sj.onc.1201074
3729:10.1002/eji.1830260610
3691:10.1002/eji.1830251040
3526:10.1084/jem.168.3.1205
3134:Clinical trial number
3016:10.1038/nrrheum.2011.1
2740:10.1084/jem.170.6.2159
2573:Nucleic Acids Research
1928:10.1186/2162-3619-1-36
1529:anti-CD19 immunotoxins
1478:hypogammaglobulinaemia
1172:C2-set Ig-like domains
423:mesenteric lymph nodes
3949:Journal of Immunology
3758:Journal of Immunology
3471:Journal of Immunology
3385:Journal of Immunology
3354:10.1128/mcb.12.6.2662
3063:10.1056/nejmoa1103849
2830:10.1002/eji.201445049
2627:Journal of Immunology
2292:Journal of Immunology
2257:10.1385/IR:26:1-3:045
2110:Journal of Immunology
1811:10.1084/jem.183.1.227
1670:Journal of Immunology
1445:Complement receptor 2
1377:complement activation
1162:Type I transmembrane
694:immune system process
573:extracellular exosome
132:Chromosome 16 (human)
4009:genome location and
3440:10.1084/jem.173.1.55
2790:10.1056/nejmoa051568
2245:Immunologic Research
2199:Immunologic Research
1482:immunological memory
1395:mediated signaling.
1143:extracellular domain
273:7 F3|7 69.01 cM
234:Chromosome 7 (mouse)
6896:Accessory molecules
6761:Accessory molecules
4017:UCSC Genome Browser
3920:(46): 30537–30543.
3641:1995PNAS...92.9575M
3600:(51): 32514–32521.
3313:1992Sci...256..105C
2873:(6): 1346–1353.e9.
2379:1995Natur.376..352R
2211:10.1385/IR:31:2:119
1494:autoimmune diseases
1416:affinity maturation
1352:signal transduction
1336:complement receptor
1298:PI3K-AKT-GSK3β axis
1243:Decisions to live,
1141:, four that encode
6960:cytokine receptors
6560:Antibody receptor:
4028:, which is in the
3565:10.1007/BF00189228
3276:10.1007/BF00189519
3142:ClinicalTrials.gov
3096:"CD19 CAR T Cells"
2585:10.1093/nar/gkg785
1977:10.1007/bf00189519
1389:Src-family kinases
1208:gene rearrangement
1182:residues near the
1108:signaling proteins
824:ENSMUSG00000030724
602:Biological process
551:Cellular component
530:Molecular function
7125:
7124:
6950:Cytokine receptor
6944:
6943:
6940:
6939:
6785:
6784:
6756:
6755:
6671:
6670:
6512:
6511:
6490:
6489:
6470:All (pan-myeloid)
6465:
6464:
6336:
6335:
6316:
6315:
6070:
6069:
3885:10.1159/000022806
3804:(19): 2331–2338.
3685:(10): 2978–2984.
3635:(21): 9575–9579.
3307:(5053): 105–107.
3217:978-0-7167-8590-3
2783:(18): 1901–1912.
2579:(19): 5483–5489.
2373:(6538): 352–355.
2086:978-0-387-24188-3
1725:978-0-7234-3691-1
1360:chaperone protein
1326:CD19/CD21 complex
1055:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1024:
1023:
989:
988:
964:
963:
934:
933:
909:
908:
875:
874:
856:
855:
830:
829:
811:
810:
785:
784:
766:
765:
714:
713:
514:
513:
510:
509:
479:
478:
466:
465:
404:
403:
385:bone marrow cells
302:
301:
201:
200:
7155:
6829:Antigen receptor
6796:
6795:
6714:
6713:
6692:Antigen receptor
6689:
6688:
6680:
6679:
6676:Antigen receptor
6634:Alpha (α)/mu (μ)
6568:
6567:
6553:immune receptors
6539:
6532:
6525:
6516:
6515:
6404:
6403:
6347:
6346:
6201:
6200:
6118:
6117:
6097:
6090:
6083:
6074:
6073:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4037:
4036:
3982:
3964:
3955:(8): 4438–4446.
3939:
3929:
3904:
3867:
3829:
3791:
3773:
3764:(7): 3062–3069.
3748:
3723:(6): 1246–1252.
3710:
3672:
3662:
3652:
3619:
3609:
3584:
3547:
3537:
3520:(3): 1205–1210.
3504:
3486:
3477:(4): 1424–1432.
3461:
3451:
3418:
3400:
3391:(9): 2841–2850.
3375:
3365:
3348:(6): 2662–2672.
3332:
3295:
3258:
3221:
3193:
3192:
3182:
3150:
3144:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3115:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3074:
3042:
3036:
3035:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2974:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2882:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2841:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2792:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2751:
2734:(6): 2159–2164.
2719:
2713:
2712:
2702:
2685:(3): 889–98.e6.
2670:
2661:
2660:
2650:
2633:(5): 2318–2325.
2618:
2607:
2606:
2596:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2504:
2493:10.1172/jci45851
2487:(6): 2257–2266.
2472:
2451:
2450:
2440:
2416:
2407:
2406:
2387:10.1038/376352a0
2362:
2353:
2352:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2307:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2240:
2231:
2230:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2151:
2142:
2141:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2064:
2049:
2048:
2038:
2028:
2008:
1997:
1996:
1960:
1951:
1950:
1940:
1930:
1906:
1877:
1876:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1822:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1766:(5–6): 385–397.
1755:
1738:
1737:
1711:
1702:
1701:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1615:
1609:
1599:
1588:
1578:
1517:B cell lymphomas
1505:humoral response
1470:immunodeficiency
1385:tyrosine kinases
1060:, also known as
1037:
1036:
1008:
1001:
984:
968:
967:
959:
943:
942:
939:RefSeq (protein)
929:
913:
912:
904:
884:
883:
860:
859:
841:
840:
815:
814:
796:
795:
770:
769:
751:
750:
720:
719:
520:
519:
506:
497:
490:
489:
475:
415:
413:Top expressed in
408:
407:
353:
351:Top expressed in
346:
345:
325:
324:
308:
307:
298:
285:
274:
259:
252:
246:
235:
223:
207:
206:
197:
184:
173:
158:
151:
145:
134:
120:
104:
103:
98:
96:CD19 - orthologs
49:
42:
21:
20:
7163:
7162:
7158:
7157:
7156:
7154:
7153:
7152:
7128:
7127:
7126:
7121:
7053:
6965:
6936:
6891:
6859:
6824:
6781:
6752:
6736:
6703:
6667:
6651:
6628:
6595:
6561:
6555:
6543:
6513:
6508:
6486:
6461:
6438:
6393:
6354:
6332:
6312:
6296:
6268:
6192:
6107:
6101:
6071:
6066:
5870:
5664:
5413:
5097:
4820:
4480:
4078:
4064:
3990:
3985:
3218:
3208:Kuby Immunology
3201:
3199:Further reading
3196:
3151:
3147:
3133:
3129:
3092:
3088:
3043:
3039:
3000:
2996:
2943:
2939:
2900:
2896:
2859:
2855:
2810:
2806:
2769:
2765:
2720:
2716:
2671:
2664:
2619:
2610:
2565:
2561:
2538:10.1038/nri1808
2522:
2518:
2473:
2454:
2417:
2410:
2363:
2356:
2325:
2321:
2284:
2280:
2241:
2234:
2195:
2191:
2162:(10): 572–577.
2152:
2145:
2106:
2102:
2087:
2065:
2052:
2009:
2000:
1961:
1954:
1907:
1880:
1840:
1836:
1791:
1787:
1756:
1741:
1726:
1712:
1705:
1666:
1662:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1600:
1591:
1579:
1570:
1566:
1558:point mutations
1554:splice variants
1513:
1463:
1458:
1424:
1373:glycoconjugates
1368:
1356:tetraspanin web
1328:
1286:
1284:BCR-independent
1265:germinal center
1241:
1236:
1200:
1192:phosphorylation
1128:
1120:immunotherapies
1112:B cell receptor
1104:adaptor protein
1046:View/Edit Mouse
1041:View/Edit Human
1004:
997:
994:Location (UCSC)
980:
976:
955:
951:
925:
921:
900:
896:
892:
805:ENSG00000177455
698:
597:
563:plasma membrane
546:
537:protein binding
502:
471:
462:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
411:
400:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
377:mucosa of ileum
375:
371:
367:
363:
349:
293:
280:
272:
262:
261:
260:
253:
233:
210:Gene location (
192:
179:
171:
161:
160:
159:
152:
130:
107:Gene location (
58:
45:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7161:
7151:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7123:
7122:
7120:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7063:
7061:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7031:
7026:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6975:
6973:
6967:
6966:
6964:
6963:
6954:
6952:
6946:
6945:
6942:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6899:
6897:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6889:
6884:
6869:
6867:
6861:
6860:
6858:
6857:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6832:
6830:
6826:
6825:
6823:
6822:
6821:
6820:
6815:
6804:
6802:
6793:
6787:
6786:
6783:
6782:
6780:
6779:
6764:
6762:
6758:
6757:
6754:
6753:
6751:
6750:
6744:
6742:
6738:
6737:
6735:
6734:
6720:
6718:
6711:
6705:
6704:
6702:
6701:
6695:
6693:
6686:
6677:
6673:
6672:
6669:
6668:
6666:
6665:
6659:
6657:
6653:
6652:
6650:
6649:
6644:
6638:
6636:
6630:
6629:
6627:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6605:
6603:
6597:
6596:
6594:
6593:
6582:
6576:
6574:
6565:
6557:
6556:
6542:
6541:
6534:
6527:
6519:
6510:
6509:
6507:
6506:
6500:
6498:
6492:
6491:
6488:
6487:
6485:
6484:
6479:
6473:
6471:
6467:
6466:
6463:
6462:
6460:
6459:
6454:
6448:
6446:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6436:
6427:
6422:
6412:
6410:
6401:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6360:
6358:
6344:
6338:
6337:
6334:
6333:
6331:
6330:
6324:
6322:
6318:
6317:
6314:
6313:
6311:
6310:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6297:
6295:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6278:
6276:
6270:
6269:
6267:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6225:
6224:
6219:
6213:Pan-T antigens
6209:
6207:
6198:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6185:
6175:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6142:
6141:
6136:
6126:
6124:
6115:
6109:
6108:
6100:
6099:
6092:
6085:
6077:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5878:
5876:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5672:
5670:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5662:
5657:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5515:
5506:
5501:
5500:
5499:
5494:
5484:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5472:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5421:
5419:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5325:
5324:
5319:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5293:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5188:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5158:
5153:
5152:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5105:
5103:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4969:
4968:
4963:
4953:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4681:
4680:
4675:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4566:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4488:
4486:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4473:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4246:
4245:
4240:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4145:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4124:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4079:
4063:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4040:
4021:
4020:
4001:
3996:
3989:
3988:External links
3986:
3984:
3983:
3940:
3905:
3879:(4): 230–231.
3873:Human Heredity
3868:
3842:(2): 281–292.
3830:
3792:
3749:
3711:
3673:
3620:
3585:
3559:(5): 322–328.
3553:Immunogenetics
3548:
3505:
3462:
3419:
3376:
3333:
3296:
3270:(2): 102–111.
3264:Immunogenetics
3259:
3233:(3): 613–616.
3222:
3216:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3145:
3127:
3086:
3057:(8): 725–733.
3037:
3010:(3): 170–178.
2994:
2937:
2910:(1): 125–131.
2894:
2853:
2824:(3): 903–914.
2804:
2763:
2714:
2662:
2608:
2559:
2532:(4): 283–294.
2516:
2452:
2408:
2354:
2319:
2278:
2251:(1–3): 45–54.
2232:
2205:(2): 119–131.
2189:
2143:
2116:(2): 712–717.
2100:
2085:
2050:
2026:10.1186/ar3909
1998:
1971:(2): 102–111.
1965:Immunogenetics
1952:
1878:
1851:(4): 375–380.
1845:Histopathology
1834:
1805:(1): 227–236.
1785:
1739:
1724:
1703:
1676:(2): 712–717.
1660:
1646:
1628:
1610:
1589:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1512:
1509:
1486:memory B cells
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1423:
1420:
1367:
1364:
1327:
1324:
1285:
1282:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1199:
1196:
1127:
1124:
1073:ifferentiation
1053:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1033:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1010:
1009:
1002:
995:
991:
990:
987:
986:
972:
971:
965:
962:
961:
947:
946:
940:
936:
935:
932:
931:
917:
916:
910:
907:
906:
888:
887:
881:
877:
876:
873:
872:
864:
863:
857:
854:
853:
845:
844:
838:
832:
831:
828:
827:
819:
818:
812:
809:
808:
800:
799:
793:
787:
786:
783:
782:
774:
773:
767:
764:
763:
755:
754:
748:
742:
741:
736:
731:
727:
726:
716:
715:
712:
711:
700:
699:
697:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
605:
603:
599:
598:
596:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
554:
552:
548:
547:
545:
544:
539:
533:
531:
527:
526:
516:
515:
512:
511:
508:
507:
499:
498:
487:
481:
480:
477:
476:
468:
467:
464:
463:
461:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
417:
416:
405:
402:
401:
399:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
355:
354:
342:
341:
333:
322:
316:
315:
312:RNA expression
304:
303:
300:
299:
291:
287:
286:
278:
275:
270:
264:
263:
254:
247:
241:
237:
236:
231:
225:
224:
216:
215:
203:
202:
199:
198:
190:
186:
185:
177:
174:
169:
163:
162:
153:
146:
140:
136:
135:
128:
122:
121:
113:
112:
100:
99:
56:
52:
51:
43:
35:
34:
30:
29:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7160:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7135:
7133:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7064:
7062:
7060:
7056:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6976:
6974:
6972:
6968:
6962:
6961:
6956:
6955:
6953:
6951:
6947:
6932:
6928:
6925:(also called
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6900:
6898:
6894:
6888:
6885:
6882:
6878:
6874:
6871:
6870:
6868:
6866:
6862:
6856:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6833:
6831:
6827:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6810:
6809:
6806:
6805:
6803:
6801:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6788:
6777:
6773:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6759:
6749:
6746:
6745:
6743:
6739:
6733:
6729:
6725:
6722:
6721:
6719:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6706:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6681:
6678:
6674:
6664:
6661:
6660:
6658:
6654:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6639:
6637:
6635:
6631:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6606:
6604:
6602:
6598:
6591:
6590:C-type lectin
6587:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6577:
6575:
6573:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6558:
6554:
6551:
6547:
6540:
6535:
6533:
6528:
6526:
6521:
6520:
6517:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6499:
6497:
6493:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6472:
6468:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6447:
6445:
6441:
6435:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6417:
6414:
6413:
6411:
6409:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6396:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6357:
6356:Myelomonocyte
6352:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6339:
6329:
6326:
6325:
6323:
6319:
6309:
6306:
6305:
6303:
6299:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6275:
6271:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6214:
6211:
6210:
6208:
6206:
6202:
6199:
6195:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6144:
6143:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6110:
6105:
6098:
6093:
6091:
6086:
6084:
6079:
6078:
6075:
6063:
6060:
6058:
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4030:public domain
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3997:
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2311:
2306:
2301:
2297:
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2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2239:
2237:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2150:
2148:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2104:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1957:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1838:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1710:
1708:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1656:
1650:
1642:
1638:
1632:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1490:Down syndrome
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1366:BCR-dependent
1363:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1269:marginal zone
1266:
1262:
1258:
1257:knockout mice
1254:
1250:
1249:differentiate
1246:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1204:lymphopoiesis
1195:
1193:
1189:
1188:Phenylalanine
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1158:CD19 is a 95
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1062:CD19 molecule
1059:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1000:
996:
992:
985:
983:
979:
973:
969:
966:
960:
958:
954:
948:
944:
941:
937:
930:
928:
924:
918:
914:
911:
905:
903:
899:
895:
889:
885:
882:
880:RefSeq (mRNA)
878:
871:
870:
865:
861:
858:
852:
851:
846:
842:
839:
837:
833:
826:
825:
820:
816:
813:
807:
806:
801:
797:
794:
792:
788:
781:
780:
775:
771:
768:
762:
761:
756:
752:
749:
747:
743:
740:
737:
735:
732:
728:
725:
721:
717:
710:
706:
701:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
604:
601:
600:
594:
593:membrane raft
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
555:
553:
550:
549:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
532:
529:
528:
525:
524:Gene ontology
521:
517:
505:
500:
496:
491:
488:
486:
482:
474:
469:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
421:
418:
414:
409:
406:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
359:
356:
352:
347:
344:
343:
340:
338:
334:
332:
331:
327:
326:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
297:
292:
288:
284:
279:
269:
265:
258:
251:
245:
238:
230:
226:
222:
217:
213:
208:
204:
196:
191:
187:
183:
178:
168:
164:
157:
150:
144:
137:
133:
127:
123:
119:
114:
110:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
53:
48:
41:
36:
31:
27:
22:
19:
6957:
6865:Co-receptors
6818:MHC class II
6727:
6146:
5588:
5508:
5486:
5464:
5311:
5274:
5237:
5190:
5160:
5133:
4955:
4861:
4709:
4438:
4254:
4190:
4023:
4022:
4011:
4005:
3952:
3948:
3917:
3913:
3876:
3872:
3839:
3835:
3801:
3797:
3761:
3757:
3720:
3716:
3682:
3678:
3632:
3628:
3597:
3593:
3556:
3552:
3517:
3513:
3474:
3470:
3434:(1): 55–64.
3431:
3427:
3388:
3384:
3345:
3341:
3304:
3300:
3267:
3263:
3230:
3226:
3207:
3162:
3158:
3148:
3135:
3130:
3103:
3099:
3089:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2870:
2866:
2856:
2821:
2817:
2807:
2780:
2776:
2766:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2682:
2678:
2630:
2626:
2576:
2572:
2562:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2484:
2480:
2431:(1): 39–50.
2428:
2424:
2370:
2366:
2332:
2328:
2322:
2298:(1): 73–83.
2295:
2291:
2281:
2248:
2244:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2159:
2155:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2068:
2016:
1968:
1964:
1918:
1914:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1763:
1759:
1715:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1649:
1640:
1631:
1622:
1613:
1534:
1514:
1498:
1464:
1425:
1422:Interactions
1397:
1393:MHC class II
1369:
1358:, acts as a
1329:
1319:
1313:
1287:
1242:
1201:
1164:glycoprotein
1157:
1150:
1134:
1129:
1096:plasma cells
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1056:
982:NP_001344020
975:
953:NP_001171569
950:
927:NM_001357091
920:
902:NM_001385732
894:NM_001178098
891:
867:
848:
822:
803:
777:
758:
738:
733:
335:
328:
294:126,014,061
281:126,007,622
55:External IDs
18:
6813:MHC class I
6709:Co-receptor
6572:Epsilon (ε)
6563:Fc receptor
6179:plasma cell
6162:CD23/FcεRII
3165:(1): 9–10.
3137:NCT01493453
3106:(7): 1471.
2335:(1): 1–10.
1414:, prior to
1245:proliferate
1228:lymphocytes
443:bone marrow
435:granulocyte
373:granulocyte
193:28,939,342
180:28,931,965
33:Identifiers
7148:Biomarkers
7132:Categories
6717:stimulate:
6134:CD10/CALLA
6130:Pre-B cell
6106:by lineage
4073:(see also
2957:(1): 1–9.
1608:, May 2017
1587:, May 2017
1564:References
1503:dependent
1456:In disease
1198:Expression
1184:C-terminus
1176:amino acid
1069:luster of
365:lymph node
339:(ortholog)
76:HomoloGene
6656:Secretory
6601:Gamma (γ)
6496:Stem cell
6287:CD56/NCAM
2972:2297/3661
1921:(1): 36.
1734:823736017
1466:Mutations
1381:crosslink
1302:knockdown
1216:malignant
1126:Structure
1116:biomarker
978:NP_033974
957:NP_001761
923:NM_009844
898:NM_001770
724:Orthologs
84:GeneCards
7004:KIR2DL5B
6999:KIR2DL5A
6741:inhibit:
6624:Neonatal
6157:CD21/CR2
6145:mature:
6113:Lymphoid
4067:Proteins
3979:23542951
3971:10201980
3901:32699676
3864:10051140
3798:Oncogene
3788:20717278
3745:29471624
3415:23655762
3255:20765908
3247:12002767
3189:28057672
3122:29245005
3081:21830940
3032:43750896
3024:21283146
2981:17223015
2932:19318246
2924:28197808
2889:25159464
2848:25472482
2799:16672701
2709:26478008
2657:22826319
2603:14500810
2554:28197010
2546:16557260
2511:22546857
2425:Immunity
2349:10651223
2314:12496385
2273:35818699
2265:12403344
2227:45145420
2219:15778510
2176:19798033
2138:22081793
2095:15934172
2045:23281743
1947:23210908
1873:45937555
1865:15049904
1698:22081793
1604:–
1583:–
1545:cytokine
1474:antibody
1428:interact
1334:(CR2, a
1315:in vitro
1273:chimeras
1234:Function
1180:tyrosine
1132:kilobase
1030:Wikidata
703:Sources:
578:membrane
389:testicle
369:appendix
7049:KIR3DS1
7044:KIR3DL3
7039:KIR3DL2
7034:KIR3DL1
7029:KIR2DS5
7024:KIR2DS4
7019:KIR2DS3
7014:KIR2DS2
7009:KIR2DS1
6994:KIR2DL4
6989:KIR2DL3
6984:KIR2DL2
6979:KIR2DL1
6923:ζ-chain
6800:Ligands
6791:T cells
6684:B cells
6619:FcγRIII
6408:CFU-Meg
6342:Myeloid
6274:NK cell
5875:301–350
5669:251–300
5621:CD240CE
5418:201–250
5102:151–200
4825:101–150
3936:9804823
3893:9694255
3856:9648915
3818:9178909
3780:9120258
3737:8647200
3707:9310907
3699:7589101
3669:7568175
3637:Bibcode
3616:7528218
3581:9336224
3573:7513297
3544:2459292
3535:2189043
3501:1167309
3493:1714482
3458:1702139
3449:2118751
3407:1383329
3372:1375324
3329:1373518
3309:Bibcode
3301:Science
3292:7182703
3284:1370948
3180:5216268
3072:3387277
2989:9666705
2839:4674966
2758:2479707
2749:2189531
2700:4783287
2648:3426298
2502:3366393
2447:7542548
2403:4337673
2395:7543183
2375:Bibcode
2184:6143992
2130:2472450
2036:3535716
1993:7182703
1985:1370948
1938:3520838
1829:8551226
1820:2192413
1780:8528044
1690:2472450
1606:Ensembl
1585:Ensembl
1320:in vivo
1152:in vivo
1100:B cells
836:UniProt
791:Ensembl
730:Species
709:QuickGO
314:pattern
172:16p11.2
40:Aliases
7117:LILRB5
7112:LILRB4
7107:LILRB3
7102:LILRB2
7097:LILRB1
7092:LILRA6
7087:LILRA5
7082:LILRA4
7077:LILRA3
7072:LILRA2
7067:LILRA1
6647:Fcα/μR
6614:FcγRII
6586:FcεRII
6351:CFU-GM
6205:T cell
6122:B cell
5882:CD300A
5841:CDw293
5626:CD240D
5487:CD213a
5465:CDw210
5430:CD202b
5404:CDw199
5399:CDw198
5053:CD140b
4485:51–100
4003:Human
3977:
3969:
3934:
3899:
3891:
3862:
3854:
3826:967748
3824:
3816:
3786:
3778:
3743:
3735:
3705:
3697:
3667:
3657:
3614:
3579:
3571:
3542:
3532:
3499:
3491:
3456:
3446:
3413:
3405:
3370:
3363:364460
3360:
3327:
3290:
3282:
3253:
3245:
3214:
3187:
3177:
3120:
3079:
3069:
3030:
3022:
2987:
2979:
2930:
2922:
2887:
2846:
2836:
2797:
2756:
2746:
2707:
2697:
2655:
2645:
2601:
2594:206479
2591:
2552:
2544:
2509:
2499:
2445:
2401:
2393:
2367:Nature
2347:
2312:
2271:
2263:
2225:
2217:
2182:
2174:
2136:
2128:
2093:
2083:
2043:
2033:
1991:
1983:
1945:
1935:
1871:
1863:
1827:
1817:
1778:
1732:
1722:
1696:
1688:
1511:Cancer
1501:T cell
1430:with:
1340:TAPA-1
1267:, and
1224:marker
1016:search
1014:PubMed
869:P25918
850:P15391
746:Entrez
485:BioGPS
459:morula
447:thymus
427:spleen
397:tonsil
361:spleen
64:107265
6642:FcαRI
6609:FcγRI
6580:FcεRI
6444:CFU-E
6364:CD11c
6188:CD138
6167:CD127
6139:CD79A
6062:CD350
6057:CD349
6052:CD344
6047:CD340
6042:CD339
6037:CD338
6032:CD337
6027:CD336
6022:CD335
6017:CD334
6012:CD333
6007:CD332
6002:CD331
5997:CD329
5992:CD328
5987:CD327
5982:CD326
5977:CD325
5972:CD324
5967:CD322
5962:CD321
5957:CD320
5952:CD318
5947:CD317
5942:CD316
5937:CD315
5932:CD314
5927:CD312
5922:CD309
5917:CD307
5912:CD306
5907:CD305
5902:CD304
5897:CD303
5892:CD302
5887:CD301
5866:CD299
5861:CD298
5856:CD297
5851:CD295
5846:CD294
5836:CD292
5831:CD290
5826:CD289
5821:CD288
5816:CD286
5811:CD284
5806:CD283
5801:CD282
5796:CD281
5791:CD280
5786:CD279
5781:CD278
5776:CD276
5771:CD275
5766:CD274
5761:CD273
5756:CD272
5751:CD271
5746:CD269
5741:CD268
5736:CD267
5731:CD266
5726:CD265
5721:CD264
5716:CD263
5711:CD262
5706:CD261
5701:CD258
5696:CD257
5691:CD256
5686:CD254
5681:CD253
5676:CD252
5660:CD249
5655:CD248
5651:CD247
5646:CD246
5641:CD244
5636:CD243
5631:CD241
5616:CD239
5611:CD238
5606:CD236
5589:CD235
5584:CD234
5579:CD233
5574:CD230
5569:CD229
5564:CD228
5559:CD227
5554:CD226
5549:CD225
5544:CD224
5539:CD223
5534:CD222
5529:CD221
5524:CD220
5509:CD218
5504:CD217
5482:CD212
5460:CD209
5455:CD208
5450:CD207
5445:CD206
5440:CD205
5435:CD204
5425:CD201
5409:CD200
5394:CD197
5389:CD196
5384:CD195
5379:CD194
5374:CD193
5369:CD192
5364:CD191
5359:CD186
5354:CD185
5349:CD184
5344:CD183
5339:CD182
5334:CD181
5329:CD180
5312:CD179
5307:CD178
5302:CD177
5297:CD174
5275:CD172
5270:CD171
5265:CD170
5260:CD169
5255:CD168
5238:CD167
5233:CD166
5228:CD164
5223:CD163
5218:CD162
5213:CD161
5208:CD160
5191:CD159
5161:CD158
5156:CD157
5134:CD156
5129:CD155
5124:CD154
5119:CD153
5114:CD152
5109:CD151
5093:CD150
5088:CD148
5083:CD147
5078:CD146
5073:CD144
5068:CD143
5063:CD142
5058:CD141
5048:CD138
5043:CD137
5038:CD136
5033:CD135
5028:CD134
5023:CD133
5018:CD132
5013:CD131
5008:CD130
5003:CD129
4998:CD127
4993:CD126
4988:CD125
4983:CD124
4978:CD123
4973:CD122
4956:CD121
4939:CD120
4934:CD119
4929:CD118
4924:CD117
4919:CD116
4914:CD115
4909:CD114
4904:CD113
4899:CD112
4894:CD111
4889:CD110
4884:CD109
4879:CD108
4862:CD107
4857:CD106
4852:CD105
4847:CD104
4842:CD103
4837:CD102
4832:CD101
4816:CD100
3975:S2CID
3897:S2CID
3860:S2CID
3822:S2CID
3784:S2CID
3741:S2CID
3703:S2CID
3660:40844
3577:S2CID
3497:S2CID
3411:S2CID
3288:S2CID
3251:S2CID
3159:Blood
3028:S2CID
2985:S2CID
2928:S2CID
2550:S2CID
2399:S2CID
2269:S2CID
2223:S2CID
2180:S2CID
2134:S2CID
1989:S2CID
1869:S2CID
1694:S2CID
1549:lysis
1344:CD225
1306:(PI3K
1294:c-MYC
1277:naive
1139:exons
1088:CVID3
779:12478
739:Mouse
734:Human
705:Amigo
431:blood
393:blood
337:Mouse
330:Human
277:Start
212:Mouse
176:Start
109:Human
72:88319
6958:see
6931:TCRζ
6929:and
6927:CD3ζ
6918:CD3ε
6913:CD3δ
6908:CD3γ
6881:CD8β
6879:and
6877:CD8α
6855:TRG@
6850:TRD@
6845:TRB@
6840:TRA@
6776:CD79
6772:Ig-β
6768:Ig-α
6748:CD22
6732:CD81
6728:CD19
6724:CD21
6504:CD34
6482:CD33
6477:CD13
6457:CD71
6452:CD36
6434:CD61
6430:CD41
6425:CD42
6420:CD36
6416:CD34
6389:CD68
6384:CD64
6379:CD31
6374:CD15
6369:CD14
6292:CD57
6282:CD16
6264:CD28
6259:CD27
6254:CD26
6249:CD18
6244:CD13
6197:T/NK
6183:CD38
6172:CD40
6152:CD20
6147:CD19
4811:CD99
4806:CD98
4801:CD97
4796:CD96
4791:CD95
4786:CD94
4781:CD93
4776:CD92
4772:CD91
4767:CD90
4762:CD89
4757:CD88
4752:CD87
4747:CD86
4710:CD85
4705:CD84
4700:CD83
4695:CD82
4690:CD81
4685:CD80
4668:CD79
4663:CD78
4658:CD74
4653:CD73
4648:CD72
4643:CD71
4638:CD70
4633:CD69
4628:CD68
4591:CD66
4569:CD64
4564:CD63
4542:CD62
4537:CD61
4532:CD59
4527:CD58
4522:CD57
4517:CD56
4512:CD55
4507:CD54
4502:CD53
4497:CD52
4492:CD51
4476:CD50
4439:CD49
4434:CD48
4429:CD47
4424:CD46
4419:CD45
4414:CD44
4409:CD43
4382:CD42
4377:CD41
4372:CD40
4367:CD39
4362:CD38
4357:CD37
4352:CD36
4347:CD35
4342:CD34
4337:CD33
4320:CD32
4315:CD31
4310:CD30
4305:CD29
4300:CD28
4295:CD27
4290:CD26
4285:CD25
4280:CD24
4275:CD23
4270:CD22
4265:CD21
4260:CD20
4255:CD19
4250:CD18
4233:CD16
4228:CD15
4223:CD14
4218:CD13
4191:CD11
4186:CD10
4083:1–50
4012:CD19
4006:CD19
3967:PMID
3932:PMID
3889:PMID
3852:PMID
3814:PMID
3776:PMID
3733:PMID
3695:PMID
3665:PMID
3612:PMID
3569:PMID
3540:PMID
3489:PMID
3454:PMID
3403:PMID
3368:PMID
3325:PMID
3280:PMID
3243:PMID
3212:ISBN
3185:PMID
3118:PMID
3100:Cell
3077:PMID
3020:PMID
2977:PMID
2920:PMID
2885:PMID
2844:PMID
2795:PMID
2754:PMID
2705:PMID
2653:PMID
2599:PMID
2542:PMID
2507:PMID
2443:PMID
2391:PMID
2345:PMID
2310:PMID
2261:PMID
2215:PMID
2172:PMID
2126:PMID
2091:PMID
2081:ISBN
2041:PMID
1981:PMID
1943:PMID
1861:PMID
1825:PMID
1776:PMID
1730:OCLC
1720:ISBN
1686:PMID
1537:CARs
1450:VAV2
1440:CD82
1435:CD81
1404:BLNK
1332:CD21
1318:and
1290:PAX5
1168:IgSF
1147:mRNA
1135:CD19
1092:CD19
1086:and
320:Bgee
268:Band
229:Chr.
167:Band
126:Chr.
88:CD19
80:1341
60:OMIM
47:CD19
24:CD19
6903:CD3
6887:CD4
6873:CD8
6836:TCR
6808:MHC
6699:BCR
6588:is
6399:MEP
6328:CD5
6321:All
6308:CD2
6301:All
6239:CD8
6234:CD4
6229:CD1
6222:CD7
6217:CD3
4181:CD9
4169:CD8
4164:CD7
4159:CD6
4154:CD5
4149:CD4
4127:CD3
4122:CD2
4095:a-c
4090:CD1
3957:doi
3953:162
3922:doi
3918:273
3881:doi
3844:doi
3840:176
3806:doi
3766:doi
3762:158
3725:doi
3687:doi
3655:PMC
3645:doi
3602:doi
3598:269
3561:doi
3530:PMC
3522:doi
3518:168
3479:doi
3475:147
3444:PMC
3436:doi
3432:173
3393:doi
3389:149
3358:PMC
3350:doi
3317:doi
3305:256
3272:doi
3235:doi
3175:PMC
3167:doi
3163:129
3108:doi
3104:171
3067:PMC
3059:doi
3055:365
3012:doi
2967:hdl
2959:doi
2912:doi
2875:doi
2871:134
2834:PMC
2826:doi
2785:doi
2781:354
2744:PMC
2736:doi
2732:170
2695:PMC
2687:doi
2683:137
2643:PMC
2635:doi
2631:189
2589:PMC
2581:doi
2534:doi
2497:PMC
2489:doi
2485:122
2433:doi
2383:doi
2371:376
2337:doi
2300:doi
2296:170
2253:doi
2207:doi
2164:doi
2118:doi
2114:143
2073:doi
2031:PMC
2021:doi
1973:doi
1933:PMC
1923:doi
1853:doi
1815:PMC
1807:doi
1803:183
1768:doi
1678:doi
1674:143
1541:TCR
1525:CLL
1521:ALL
1408:SH2
1400:Syk
1375:by
1348:C3d
1338:),
1310:Akt
1261:B-1
1253:BCR
1160:kDa
1078:),
760:930
290:End
189:End
92:OMA
68:MGI
7134::
6838::
6548::
6215::
6181::
6132::
5653:-
4774:-
4115:1E
4110:1D
4105:1B
4100:1A
4069::
3973:.
3965:.
3951:.
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