313:
In their extension from S. Dak. Into Nebr. present some differences in strat. range and relations. They expand considerably and include, at top, beds which appear not to be represented in the typical regions. Accordingly, to afford distinct definitions for the members in Nebr. I have
Introduced the designation Brule clay and separated the underlying Titanotherium beds as Chadron fm. The Brule consists mainly of a hard, sandy clay, of pale-pink color. Thickness about 600 ft. In vicinity of Wyo. line, but diminishes greatly eastward; in vicinity of 103Β° mer. in NW. comer of Nebr. it is 320 ft. Has not been recognized E. of long. 101Β°30', where it appears to sink beneath the surface In Platte Valley. Extends far to NB. in So. Dak. Is upper fm. of White River group." N. H. Darton, 1898 (D, 8, G, S, 19th Ann, Eept., p t 4, pp. 736, 766β759). (Abbreviations are in source document.)
119:
3148:
3088:
3028:
836:
312:
The formation was named by N. H. Darton "for the Brule
Indians, who once roamed over Pine Rldge Ind. Res. in southern S. Dak., where the fm. covers large areas, and that it is not present in Brule Ind. Res., which occurs farther NE In S. Dak." Darton's first description stated, "The White River beds
852:
Hunt, ReBecca K., Vincent L. Santucci and Jason
Kenworthy. 2006. "A preliminary inventory of fossil fish from National Park Service units." in S.G. Lucas, J.A. Spielmann, P.M. Hester, J.P. Kenworthy, and V.L. Santucci (ed.s), Fossils from Federal Lands. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and
2833:
1978:
1445:
949:
2840:
1985:
1452:
1413:
956:
2391:
2224:
3192:
3132:
1232:
2528:
2427:
2351:
1408:
3261:
3072:
1142:
3216:
2124:
1718:
754:
2449:
2331:
2229:
1269:
1179:
1167:
914:
764:
321:
The sandstones layers, which are up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) thick, can contain mammalian fossils (e.g. the
Fitterer bed). The most important fossils sites are:
2576:
2129:
2114:
1779:
1595:
1515:
1341:
2556:
2401:
2336:
2199:
1677:
1386:
1137:
2454:
2164:
2134:
1575:
1289:
1132:
1086:
1050:
2673:
2371:
2326:
2259:
1645:
1376:
1247:
2927:
2826:
2678:
2633:
2606:
2571:
2561:
2469:
2254:
2219:
2174:
2144:
1560:
1242:
444:
2797:
2792:
2770:
2734:
2444:
2439:
2361:
2341:
2321:
2234:
2194:
2149:
2139:
2057:
2052:
1925:
1920:
3185:
3125:
2464:
2366:
1971:
1590:
1555:
1252:
1162:
2901:
1756:
1751:
1620:
1438:
942:
3065:
1279:
3178:
3118:
907:
3241:
3236:
3058:
3012:
900:
3231:
870:
Bjork, Philip R. (1975). "Observations on
Proscalops tertius (Mammalia: Insectivora) of the Upper Oligocene of South Dakota".
3276:
3271:
3246:
3266:
3211:
794:"Lithostratigraphy, Paleontology, and Biochronology of the Chadron, Brule, and Arikaree Formations in North Dakota"
759:
3251:
831:
3005:
793:
3226:
2209:
1535:
769:
1625:
3256:
3158:
3098:
3038:
2479:
1127:
3221:
2998:
2283:
1655:
1635:
1309:
1672:
814:
366:
124:
2943:
2356:
1520:
1361:
1304:
1157:
1122:
2889:
2249:
2204:
2189:
1565:
1366:
1356:
1147:
135:
8:
3166:
3106:
3046:
2986:
2474:
2411:
2239:
2047:
1915:
1898:
1854:
1545:
1540:
1371:
2299:
2154:
2087:
1938:
1872:
1761:
1713:
1615:
1570:
1391:
1381:
1299:
1294:
1215:
1152:
1109:
1091:
1055:
923:
879:
159:
2775:
2753:
2739:
2717:
2710:
2660:
2628:
2620:
2381:
2346:
2214:
2159:
1794:
1784:
1746:
1723:
1650:
1605:
1585:
1525:
1346:
1319:
1274:
1237:
1010:
258:
169:
145:
2978:
2911:
2643:
2599:
2551:
2484:
2396:
2376:
2304:
2184:
2169:
2109:
2092:
1827:
1789:
1741:
1708:
1664:
1640:
1505:
1498:
1351:
1336:
341:
335:
155:
2611:
2566:
2541:
2459:
2386:
2316:
2244:
2179:
2119:
1837:
1733:
1580:
1314:
892:
3162:
3102:
3042:
2982:
2873:
2546:
2511:
2264:
1882:
1867:
1819:
1771:
1700:
1550:
1101:
717:
373:
118:
3205:
2274:
2040:
1510:
1284:
840:
666:
362:
70:
27:
3155:
3095:
3035:
1630:
1600:
1530:
632:
603:
542:
274:
262:
221:
213:
830:
United States
Department of the Interior, Geological Survey Bulletin 896,
2864:
2855:
2652:
2420:
2000:
1610:
1467:
1002:
971:
465:
357:
45:
2762:
2590:
2070:
1489:
993:
883:
740:
695:
435:
90:
55:
2975:
2701:
2520:
2031:
2011:
1891:
1328:
1199:
1188:
1078:
574:
509:
487:
378:
352:
301:
293:
285:
254:
95:
39:
2920:
2692:
2502:
2292:
2079:
1808:
1691:
1478:
1208:
1042:
1033:
982:
927:
384:
289:
270:
266:
250:
225:
217:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
31:
2726:
2022:
1846:
1069:
1024:
839:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
348:
278:
229:
100:
75:
2882:
1907:
1262:
249:
was deposited between 33 and 30 million years ago, roughly the
3147:
3087:
3027:
2848:
400:
1993:
828:
Lexicon of
Geologic Names of the United States, Part 1, A-L.
1460:
964:
297:
296:) interbedded with freshwater carbonates, volcanic ash (
376:
birds, ranging from the highly varied wetland-dwelling
846:
922:
3262:Midwestern United States geologic formation stubs
3217:Oligocene paleontological sites of North America
3203:
755:Paleogene paleontological sites of North America
284:It is a sequence of fine grained clastic rocks (
365:fossils are known from the Brule Formation in
3186:
3126:
3066:
3006:
2834:
1979:
1446:
950:
908:
454:Numerous, including upper incisor and molar.
16:Rock formation in the western United States
3193:
3179:
3133:
3119:
3073:
3059:
3013:
2999:
2849:Precambrian chronostratigraphy of Colorado
2841:
2827:
1986:
1972:
1453:
1439:
957:
943:
915:
901:
788:
786:
784:
770:White River Formation fossil record fauna
340:Chalky Buttes (including White Butte) in
307:
1994:Paleozoic chronostratigraphy of Colorado
398:
1461:Mesozoic chronostratigraphy of Colorado
965:Cenozoic chronostratigraphy of Colorado
865:
863:
861:
859:
781:
3204:
807:
457:Species holotype likely located here.
2822:
1967:
1434:
938:
896:
869:
200:Freshwater limestone, Tuff, Sandstone
3142:
3082:
3022:
2969:
1497:
856:
13:
657:Skulls, limb bones, and skeletons
372:Notable among the local fauna are
257:). It occurs as a subunit of the
14:
3288:
3242:Paleogene geology of South Dakota
3237:Paleogene geology of North Dakota
403:reported from the Brule Formation
3146:
3086:
3026:
834:
316:
117:
43:
1414:Independence Mountain Formation
853:Science Bulletin 34, pp. 63β69.
395:
3154:This article about a specific
3094:This article about a specific
3034:This article about a specific
821:
1:
3232:Paleogene geology of Nebraska
2392:Morgan Round Valley Formation
775:
3277:South Dakota geography stubs
3272:North Dakota geography stubs
3247:Paleogene geology of Wyoming
3165:. You can help Knowledge by
3105:. You can help Knowledge by
3045:. You can help Knowledge by
2985:. You can help Knowledge by
2974:This article related to the
2225:South Canyon Creek Formation
179:6β65 metres (20β213 ft)
7:
748:
459:
10:
3293:
3141:
3081:
3021:
2968:
2210:Sangre de Cristo Formation
1233:Central Colorado Volcanics
351:, several mammals such as
192:Fine grained clastic rocks
2919:
2910:
2881:
2872:
2863:
2854:
2818:
2761:
2752:
2725:
2709:
2700:
2691:
2651:
2642:
2619:
2598:
2589:
2529:Williams Canyon Formation
2519:
2510:
2501:
2435:
2428:Williams Canyon Formation
2419:
2410:
2352:Jacque Mountain Formation
2291:
2282:
2273:
2078:
2069:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2010:
1999:
1963:
1906:
1890:
1881:
1845:
1836:
1818:
1807:
1770:
1732:
1699:
1690:
1663:
1626:Pictured Cliffs Formation
1488:
1477:
1466:
1430:
1409:Gravel Mountain Formation
1327:
1261:
1207:
1198:
1187:
1100:
1077:
1068:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1001:
992:
981:
970:
934:
235:
209:
204:
196:
188:
183:
175:
165:
151:
141:
131:
116:
26:
21:
3267:Nebraska geography stubs
2480:Ste. Genevieve Formation
1143:Martins Canyon Formation
1128:Cedar Mountain Formation
391:
382:species to the gigantic
3212:Paleogene United States
2125:Council Grove Formation
1719:Ralston Creek Formation
1656:Williams Fork Formation
1636:Point Lookout Formation
1310:Poison Canyon Formation
872:Journal of Paleontology
760:Paleogene United States
418:Stratigraphic position
3252:Badlands National Park
2450:Headscrabble Formation
2332:Eagle Valley Evaporite
2230:Stone Corral Formation
1673:Burro Canyon Formation
1270:Blanco Basin Formation
1180:Grouse Mountain Basalt
1168:Wagon Tongue Formation
533:Jaw fragments, skulls
367:Badlands National Park
308:Historical description
125:Badlands National Park
3161:in South Dakota is a
3101:in North Dakota is a
2944:Uncompahgre Formation
2577:Pinyon Park Formation
2357:Kansas City Formation
2130:Crestone Conglomerate
2115:Cedar Hills Formation
1780:Glen Canyon Formation
1596:Lion Canyon Formation
1521:Cliff House Sandstone
1516:Castle Gate Formation
1362:Middle Park Formation
1342:Arapahoe Conglomerate
1305:Green River Formation
1158:Troublesome Formation
1123:Browns Park Formation
815:"Geologic Formations"
686:Bones, jaw fragments
2890:Uinta Mountain Group
2557:Kinderhook Formation
2402:Sharpsdale Formation
2337:Glen Eyrie Formation
2250:Wellington Formation
2205:Phosphoria Formation
2200:Owl Canyon Formation
2190:Minnekahta Formation
1678:Horsetooth Formation
1387:South Park Formation
1367:Nacimiento Formation
1357:Fort Union Formation
1148:North Park Formation
1138:Los Pintos Formation
832:USGS Bulletin 896, 1
136:Geological formation
2475:St. Louis Formation
2455:Leadville Formation
2240:Wabaunsee Formation
2165:Ingleside Formation
2135:Day Creek Formation
2048:Chugwater Formation
1916:Chugwater Formation
1899:Chugwater Formation
1855:Chugwater Formation
1576:Kremmling Formation
1546:Fruitland Formation
1541:Fox Hills Formation
1536:Fort Hays Limestone
1372:Ojo Alamo Formation
1290:Echo Park Formation
1133:Flat Tops Volcanics
1087:Dry Union Formation
1051:Dry Union Formation
334:Little Badlands in
123:Brule Formation in
28:Stratigraphic range
3227:Paleogene Colorado
2674:Arbuckle Formation
2372:Marmaton Formation
2327:Cherokee Formation
2300:Fountain Formation
2260:Wolfcamp Formation
2155:Glorieta Formation
2088:Fountain Formation
1939:Moenkopi Formation
1873:Moenkopi Formation
1762:Sundance Formation
1714:Morrison Formation
1646:Trinidad Formation
1616:Niobrara Formation
1571:Kirtland Formation
1392:Washakie Formation
1382:San Jose Formation
1377:Raton Conglomerate
1300:Huerfano Formation
1295:Farisita Formation
1248:Pinnacle Formation
1216:Arikaree Formation
1153:Santa Fe Formation
1110:Arikaree Formation
1092:Ogallala Formation
1056:Ogallala Formation
924:Chronostratigraphy
160:Arikaree Formation
3174:
3173:
3114:
3113:
3054:
3053:
3041:in Nebraska is a
2994:
2993:
2960:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2928:Owiyukuts Complex
2897:
2896:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2776:Sawatch Formation
2748:
2747:
2740:Sawatch Formation
2718:Dotsero Formation
2687:
2686:
2679:Manitou Formation
2669:
2668:
2661:Dotsero Formation
2634:Simpson Formation
2629:Harding Sandstone
2607:Fremont Limestone
2585:
2584:
2572:Parting Formation
2562:Misener Formation
2537:
2536:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2470:Spergen Formation
2382:Minturn Formation
2347:Hermosa Formation
2312:
2311:
2255:White Horse Group
2220:Shawnee Formation
2215:Satanka Formation
2175:Lansing Formation
2160:Hermosa Formation
2145:Forelle Formation
2105:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2065:
2064:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1934:
1933:
1863:
1862:
1803:
1802:
1795:Wingate Sandstone
1785:Kayenta Formation
1747:Entrada Formation
1724:Wanakah Formation
1686:
1685:
1651:Vermejo Formation
1606:Menefee Formation
1586:Laramie Formation
1561:Hygiene Formation
1426:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1347:Bridger Formation
1320:Wasatch Formation
1275:Cuchara Formation
1243:Conejos Formation
1238:Chadron Formation
1223:
1222:
1176:
1175:
1118:
1117:
1064:
1063:
1019:
1018:
1011:Alamosa Formation
746:
745:
737:Teeth and skulls
711:Deer-like mammal
623:Teeth and skulls
568:Early rhinoceros
565:Teeth and skulls
536:Early rhinoceros
445:Proscalps tertius
439:
259:White River Group
243:
242:
170:Chadron Formation
146:White River Group
3284:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3090:
3083:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3030:
3023:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2970:
2917:
2916:
2879:
2878:
2870:
2869:
2861:
2860:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2820:
2819:
2798:Tintic Formation
2793:Reagan Formation
2771:Lodore Formation
2759:
2758:
2735:Lodore Formation
2707:
2706:
2698:
2697:
2649:
2648:
2596:
2595:
2552:Elbert Formation
2517:
2516:
2508:
2507:
2485:Warsaw Formation
2445:Gilman Formation
2440:Beulah Formation
2417:
2416:
2397:Morrow Formation
2377:Maroon Formation
2362:Kerber Formation
2342:Gothic Formation
2322:Belden Formation
2305:Madera Formation
2289:
2288:
2280:
2279:
2235:Sumner Formation
2195:Opeche Formation
2185:Maroon Formation
2170:Kaibab Limestone
2150:Glendo Formation
2140:Falcon Formation
2110:Blaine Formation
2093:Madera Formation
2076:
2075:
2058:Taloga Formation
2053:Lykins Formation
2037:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1926:Taloga Formation
1921:Lykins Formation
1888:
1887:
1843:
1842:
1828:Chinle Formation
1816:
1815:
1811:
1790:Navajo Formation
1742:Carmel Formation
1709:Curtis Formation
1697:
1696:
1641:Smoky Hill Chalk
1526:Codell Sandstone
1506:Benton Formation
1495:
1494:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1432:
1431:
1352:Denver Formation
1337:Animas Formation
1205:
1204:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1075:
1074:
1039:
1038:
1030:
1029:
999:
998:
990:
989:
985:
979:
978:
974:
959:
952:
945:
936:
935:
917:
910:
903:
894:
893:
888:
887:
867:
854:
850:
844:
838:
837:
825:
819:
818:
811:
805:
804:
802:
800:
790:
597:Large oredodont
594:Incredibly rare
433:
396:
342:Slope County, ND
336:Stark County, ND
156:Sharps Formation
121:
112:
42:
19:
18:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3257:Paleogene stubs
3202:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3140:
3139:
3080:
3079:
3020:
3019:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2948:
2931:
2906:
2893:
2850:
2847:
2802:
2780:
2744:
2721:
2683:
2665:
2638:
2615:
2612:Viola Formation
2581:
2567:Ouray Formation
2542:Aneth Formation
2533:
2489:
2465:Osage Formation
2460:Molas Formation
2431:
2406:
2387:Molas Formation
2367:Keyes Formation
2317:Atoka Formation
2308:
2269:
2245:Weber Formation
2180:Lyons Formation
2120:Chase Formation
2097:
2061:
2012:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1943:
1930:
1902:
1877:
1859:
1832:
1809:
1799:
1766:
1728:
1682:
1659:
1591:Lewis Formation
1581:Lance Formation
1556:Greenhorn Shale
1479:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1418:
1396:
1323:
1315:Uinta Formation
1257:
1253:Pitch Formation
1228:Brule Formation
1219:
1189:
1183:
1172:
1163:Trump Formation
1114:
1096:
1060:
1015:
983:
972:
966:
963:
930:
921:
891:
868:
857:
851:
847:
835:
826:
822:
813:
812:
808:
798:
796:
792:
791:
782:
778:
751:
681:SD, ND, NE, WY
652:SD, ND, NE, WY
626:Small Oreodont
560:NE, SD, ND, WY
394:
319:
310:
247:Brule Formation
127:
111:
110:
109:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
37:
36:
34:
22:Brule Formation
17:
12:
11:
5:
3290:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3222:Rupelian Stage
3219:
3214:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3151:
3138:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3091:
3078:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3031:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2902:Tava Formation
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2887:
2885:
2876:
2867:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2823:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2713:
2704:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2657:
2655:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2602:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2547:Dyer Formation
2544:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2525:
2523:
2514:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2425:
2423:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2295:
2286:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2265:Yeso Formation
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2084:
2082:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2005:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1968:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1896:
1894:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1868:Jelm Formation
1864:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1849:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1776:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1757:Page Formation
1754:
1752:Garo Formation
1749:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1621:Pando Porphyry
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1551:Graneros Shale
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1472:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1435:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1333:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1202:
1193:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1106:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1036:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1005:
996:
987:
976:
968:
967:
962:
961:
954:
947:
939:
932:
931:
920:
919:
912:
905:
897:
890:
889:
878:(5): 808β813.
855:
845:
820:
806:
779:
777:
774:
773:
772:
767:
762:
757:
750:
747:
744:
743:
738:
735:
733:
730:
729:
728:
721:
718:Archaeotherium
713:
712:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
691:
690:
687:
684:
682:
679:
678:
677:
670:
662:
661:
658:
655:
653:
650:
649:
648:
643:
641:M. culbertsoni
636:
628:
627:
624:
621:
619:
616:
615:
614:
607:
599:
598:
595:
592:
590:
587:
586:
585:
578:
570:
569:
566:
563:
561:
558:
557:
556:
553:. occidentalis
546:
538:
537:
534:
531:
529:
526:
525:
524:
513:
505:
504:
502:
500:
498:
496:
491:
483:
482:
480:
478:
476:
474:
469:
461:
460:
458:
455:
452:
450:
448:
441:
429:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
406:
405:
393:
390:
345:
344:
338:
332:
329:
328:Obritsch Ranch
326:
325:Fitterer Ranch
318:
315:
309:
306:
241:
240:
237:
233:
232:
211:
207:
206:
202:
201:
198:
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
122:
114:
113:
106:
105:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3289:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3196:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3156:stratigraphic
3152:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3136:
3131:
3129:
3124:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3096:stratigraphic
3092:
3089:
3085:
3084:
3076:
3071:
3069:
3064:
3062:
3057:
3056:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3037:
3036:stratigraphic
3032:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3016:
3011:
3009:
3004:
3002:
2997:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2832:
2830:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2041:Changhsingian
2038:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2004:
1998:
1989:
1984:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1806:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1511:Carlile Shale
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1465:
1456:
1451:
1449:
1444:
1442:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1285:Dawson Arkose
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1186:
1181:
1178:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1000:
997:
995:
991:
988:
986:
980:
977:
975:
969:
960:
955:
953:
948:
946:
941:
940:
937:
933:
929:
925:
918:
913:
911:
906:
904:
899:
898:
895:
885:
881:
877:
873:
866:
864:
862:
860:
849:
842:
841:public domain
833:
829:
824:
816:
810:
795:
789:
787:
785:
780:
771:
768:
766:
765:Pawnee Buttes
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
752:
742:
739:
736:
734:
731:
727:
724:
723:
722:
720:
719:
715:
714:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
698:
697:
693:
692:
688:
685:
683:
680:
676:
673:
672:
671:
669:
668:
667:Poebrotherium
664:
663:
659:
656:
654:
651:
647:
644:
642:
639:
638:
637:
635:
634:
630:
629:
625:
622:
620:
617:
613:
610:
609:
608:
606:
605:
601:
600:
596:
593:
591:
588:
584:
581:
580:
579:
577:
576:
572:
571:
567:
564:
562:
559:
555:
552:
549:
548:
547:
545:
544:
540:
539:
535:
532:
530:
527:
523:
519:
516:
515:
514:
512:
511:
507:
506:
503:
501:
499:
497:
495:
492:
490:
489:
485:
484:
481:
479:
477:
475:
473:
470:
468:
467:
463:
462:
456:
453:
451:
449:
447:
446:
442:
440:
438:
437:
431:
430:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
407:
404:
402:
397:
389:
387:
386:
381:
380:
375:
370:
368:
364:
360:
359:
354:
350:
343:
339:
337:
333:
331:M&M Ranch
330:
327:
324:
323:
322:
317:Fossil record
314:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
239:United States
238:
234:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
212:
208:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
182:
178:
174:
171:
168:
164:
161:
157:
154:
150:
147:
144:
140:
137:
134:
130:
126:
120:
115:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:
33:
29:
25:
20:
3167:expanding it
3153:
3107:expanding it
3093:
3047:expanding it
3033:
2987:expanding it
2973:
2965:
2962:
1631:Pierre Shale
1601:Mancos Shale
1531:Dakota Group
1227:
875:
871:
848:
827:
823:
809:
797:. Retrieved
725:
716:
694:
689:Early camel
674:
665:
645:
640:
633:Merycoidodon
631:
611:
604:Leptauchenia
602:
582:
573:
554:
550:
543:Subhyracodon
541:
522:nebraskensis
521:
517:
508:
493:
486:
472:H. gregarius
471:
464:
443:
434:
432:
424:Description
399:
383:
377:
374:Bathornithid
371:
356:
347:Prehistoric
346:
320:
311:
283:
275:North Dakota
263:South Dakota
246:
244:
222:North Dakota
214:South Dakota
2653:Tremadocian
2421:Tournaisian
1611:Mowry Shale
1566:Juana Lopez
1280:D2 Sequence
1003:Pleistocene
799:28 February
703:SD, NE, WY
646:M. gracilis
528:SD, ND, NE
494:H. horridus
466:Hesperocyon
358:Hesperocyon
38:33β30
3206:Categories
2763:Guzhangian
2071:Cisuralian
1102:Aquitanian
817:. nps.gov.
776:References
741:Entelodont
726:A. mortoni
696:Leptomeryx
675:P. wilsoni
436:Proscalops
294:siltstones
286:claystones
3159:formation
3099:formation
3039:formation
2976:Paleogene
2702:Furongian
2521:Famennian
2032:Lopingian
1892:Olenekian
1329:Paleocene
1200:Oligocene
1079:Messinian
660:Oreodont
612:L. decora
575:Eporeodon
510:Hyracodon
488:Hyaenodon
421:Material
415:Location
379:Bathornis
353:nimravids
302:sandstone
290:mudstones
255:Oligocene
184:Lithology
176:Thickness
152:Underlies
2921:Siderian
2754:Series 3
2711:Stage 10
2293:Gzhelian
2080:Asselian
1209:Chattian
1043:Zanclean
1034:Pliocene
928:Colorado
749:See also
583:E. major
412:Species
385:Paracrax
271:Colorado
267:Nebraska
251:Rupelian
226:Colorado
218:Nebraska
205:Location
166:Overlies
32:Rupelian
2727:Paibian
1847:Anisian
1070:Miocene
884:1303274
618:SD, NE
427:Images
363:sunfish
349:catfish
300:), and
279:Wyoming
236:Country
230:Wyoming
189:Primary
142:Unit of
107:↓
2979:period
2883:Tonian
2621:Middle
1908:Induan
1838:Middle
1734:Middle
1263:Eocene
882:
708:Teeth
409:Genus
361:, and
277:, and
210:Region
2981:is a
2644:Lower
2600:Upper
2512:Upper
1883:Lower
1820:Upper
1772:Lower
1701:Upper
1665:Lower
1499:Upper
880:JSTOR
401:Fauna
392:Fauna
253:age (
197:Other
3163:stub
3103:stub
3043:stub
2983:stub
801:2013
355:and
298:tuff
245:The
132:Type
46:Preκ
926:of
732:WY
589:SD
261:in
3208::
2856:pΠ
2013:Pz
2002:Ph
1810:Tr
1480:Mz
1469:Ph
1190:Pe
984:Cz
973:Ph
876:49
874:.
858:^
783:^
520:.
388:.
369:.
304:.
292:,
288:,
281:.
273:,
269:,
265:,
228:,
224:,
220:,
216:,
158:,
96:Pg
40:Ma
30::
3194:e
3187:t
3180:v
3169:.
3134:e
3127:t
3120:v
3109:.
3074:e
3067:t
3060:v
3049:.
3014:e
3007:t
3000:v
2989:.
2912:X
2874:Z
2865:β
2842:e
2835:t
2828:v
2693:Π
2591:O
2503:D
2412:M
2284:β
2275:C
2023:P
1987:e
1980:t
1973:v
1692:J
1490:K
1454:e
1447:t
1440:v
1025:N
994:Q
958:e
951:t
944:v
916:e
909:t
902:v
886:.
843:.
803:.
551:S
518:H
101:N
91:K
86:J
81:T
76:P
71:C
66:D
61:S
56:O
51:κ
35:~
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