382:
359:
793:"Bromantane not concede well-known psychostimulant of phenylalkylamine structure and its analogs (amphetamine, , , etc.) by specific activity. In contrast, bromantane has neither addictive potential nor reveals redundant and exhausting activation of sympaticoadrenergic system, or decelerates the restoring of work capacity at preventive application before forthcoming activity in complicated conditions (hypoxia, high environmental temperature, physical overfatigue, emotional stress, etc.). Bromantane has no prohypoxic activity."
51:
42:
1047:
2454:
2792:
2435:
903:
receptor is involved in the central dopaminergic effects of amantadine at therapeutically relevant concentrations; the authors of the study stated that this could also be the mechanism of action of bromantane, as it is in the same family of structurally related compounds and evidence suggests a role
1130:
as "a drug having psychoactivating and adaptogen properties under complicated conditions (hypoxia, high environmental temperature, physical overfatigue, emotional stress, etc.)". It was found to produce more marked and prolonged stimulant effects than the other adamantanes, and eventually entered
605:
for bromantane, indicating that it is broadly applicable and highly effective. The therapeutic benefit against asthenia was observed to still be present one month after discontinuation of the drug. 3% of patients experienced side effects; though none were considered serious; and 0.8% of patients
926:
for dopamine transport of 3.56 μM, relative to 28.66 nM for mesocarb; neither drug affected serotonin transport at the tested concentrations, in contrast. The lack of typical stimulant-like effects and adverse effects seen with bromantane may help corroborate the notion that it is not acting
1266:
Grekhova TV, Gainetdinov RR, Sotnikova TD, Krasnykh LM, Kudrin VS, Sergeeva SA, et al. (1995). "Effect of bromantane, a new immunostimulating agent with psychostimulating activity, on the release and metabolism of dopamine in the striatum of freely moving rats. A microdialysis study".
2452:, Waldman AV, Zaitseva NM, Klimova NV, Lavrova LN, Morozovn IS, Shmar MI, Shcherbakova OV, Yakubov AA, Strekalova SN, Petukhov AG, "Substituted n-adamantilanilines possessing psychostimulating activity", issued 1993, assigned to Cherkasskij Z Khimreaktivov
1711:
Tallerova AV, Kovalenko LP, Kuznetsova OS, Durnev AD, Seredenin SB (January 2014). "Correcting effect of ladasten on variations in the subpopulation composition of T lymphocytes in C57BL/6 mice on the experimental model of an anxious-depressive state".
2394:
Athanasiadou I, Angelis YS, Lyris E, Vonaparti A, Thomaidis NS, Koupparis MA, et al. (January 2012). "Two-step derivatization procedures for the ionization enhancement of anabolic steroids in LC-ESI-MS for doping control analysis".
585:
The therapeutic effects of bromantane in asthenia are said to onset within 1–3 days. It has been proposed that the combination of stimulant and anxiolytic activity may give bromantane special efficacy in the treatment of asthenia.
618:
Bromantane is described primarily as a mild stimulant and anxiolytic. It is also said to possess anti-asthenic properties. Bromantane is reported to improve physical and mental performance, hence it could be considered a
1121:
With the knowledge of the dopaminergic stimulant effects of the adamantane derivatives, bromantane, which is 2-(4-bromophenylamino) adamantane, was developed in the 1980s at the
Zakusov State Institute of Pharmacology,
1667:
Tallerova AV, Kovalenko LP, Durnev AD, Seredenin SB (November 2011). "Effect of ladasten on the content of cytokine markers of inflammation and behavior of mice with experimental depression-like syndrome".
796:"The use of the drug, in contrast to the action of a typical psychostimulant, is not associated with the phenomenon of hyperstimulation and causes no consequences such as functional exhaustion of the body."
1530:
Mikhaylova M, Vakhitova JV, Yamidanov RS, Salimgareeva MK, Seredenin SB, Behnisch T (October 2007). "The effects of ladasten on dopaminergic neurotransmission and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats".
2433:, Klimova NV, Zaitseva NM, Pushkartin GV, Pyatin BM, Morozovk IS, Kislyak NA, Shcherbakova OV, Bykov NP, "Method of synthesis of n-(4-bromophenyl)-n-(2-adamantyl)amine", issued 27 October 1995
649:. It has also been found to increase sexual receptivity and proceptivity in rats of both sexes, which was attributed to its dopaminergic actions. It has been proposed that bromantane may suppress
5186:
1856:
Vakhitova YV, Yamidanov RS, Vakhitov VA, Seredenin SB (2005). "cDNA macroarray analysis of gene expression changes in rat brain after a single administration of a 2-aminoadamantane derivative".
1102:
stimulant-like properties, and subsequent investigation revealed that rimantadine and adapromine also possess such properties. Amantadine was then developed and introduced for the treatment of
2238:
Salimgareeva MK, Yamidanov RS, Vakhitova YV, Seredenin SB (January 2012). "Mechanisms of action of ladasten: activation of gene expression for neurotrophins and mitogen-activated kinases".
2468:
Averin AD, Ulanovskaya MA, Kovalev VV, Buryak AK, Orlinson BS, Novakov IA, et al. (2010). "Palladium-catalyzed amination of isomeric dihalobenzenes with 1- and 2-aminoadamantanes".
1158:
Bromantane was eventually repurposed in 2005 as a treatment for neurasthenia. It demonstrated effectiveness and safety for the treatment of the condition in extensive, large-scale
826:, contrary to typical stimulants. In accordance with human findings, animals exposed to bromantane for extended periods of time do not appear to develop tolerance or dependence.
799:"Bromantane administration in therapeutic doses is characterized by the almost full absence of side effects including manifestations of withdrawal syndrome and hyperstimulation."
766:
1.5–2 hours post-administration. The biosynthesis and release of dopamine subsequently increase in close correlation with TH and AAAD upregulation. Enhancement of dopaminergic
912:
Bromantane was once thought to act as a reuptake inhibitor of serotonin and dopamine. While bromantane can inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, dopamine, and to a lesser extent
904:
of dopamine in its effects. But this could also be seen as evidence of the contrary since bromantane has effects that are distinctly different from amantadine and memantine.
1131:
use. The drug was notably given to soldiers in the Soviet and
Russian militaries to "shorten recovery times after strong physical exertion". After the break-up of the
2596:
Krapivin SV, Sergeeva SA, Morozov IS (1998). "Comparative analysis of the effects of adapromine, midantane, and bromantane on bioelectrical activity of rat brain".
857:
corresponds with the manifestation of the pharmacological effects of bromantane. Bromantane may activate intracellular signaling cascades by some mechanism (e.g.,
4940:
5734:
4945:
2351:
Iezhitsa IN, Spasov AA, Bugaeva LI, Morozov IS (April 2002). "Toxic effect of single treatment with bromantane on neurological status of experimental animals".
2308:
Iezhitsa IN, Spasov AA, Bugaeva LI, Morozov IS (April 2002). "Toxic effect of single treatment with bromantane on neurological status of experimental animals".
5231:
2448:
111:
2569:"Excitatory Amino Acids, S-Nitrosylation, and Protein Misfolding in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Protection by Memantine and NirotMemantine at NMDA-Gated"
919:
in rat brain tissue, the concentrations required to do so are extremely high (50–500 μM) and likely not clinically relevant. Although one study found an
4925:
597:
in Russia, bromantane was given for 28 days at a daily dose of 50 mg or 100 mg. The study concluded with an impression score of 76.0% on the
3707:
1182:
5709:
4737:
4654:
782:, and other regions. As such, the key mechanism of the pharmacological activity and psychostimulant effects of bromantane is activation of the
833:
by which bromantane ultimately acts as a dopamine synthesis enhancer is unknown. However, it has been determined that activation of certain
459:
4413:
1355:
Spasov AA, Khamidova TV, Bugaeva LI, Morozov IS (2000). "Adamantane derivatives: Pharmacological and toxicological properties (review)".
4970:
4965:
4960:
4935:
4930:
5226:
5121:
2429:
4955:
445:
5664:
4870:
653:
levels by virtue of its dopaminergic properties as well. Bromantane has been found to "agonize" amphetamine-induced stereotypies
5126:
4950:
5699:
2652:
2580:
2551:
2519:
2068:
Morozov IS, Ivanova IA, Lukicheva TA (2001). "[Actoprotector and adaptogen properties of adamantane derivatives (a review)".
789:
A selection of quoted excerpts from the medical literature detail the differences between bromantane and typical stimulants:
3237:
1938:
Vakhitova YV, Yamidanov RS, Vakhitov VA, Seredenin SB (2005). "The effect of ladasten on gene expression in the rat brain".
1398:
Morozov IS, Ivanova IA, Lukicheva TA (2001). "Actoprotector and
Adaptogen Properties of Adamantane Derivatives (A Review)".
2824:
5284:
747:
5704:
4915:
4216:
4122:
2892:
1816:
Iezhitsa IN, Spasov AA, Bugaeva LI (2001). "Effects of bromantan on offspring maturation and development of reflexes".
1317:
Iezhitsa IN, Spasov AA, Bugaeva LI (2001). "Effects of bromantan on offspring maturation and development of reflexes".
504:
944:
479:
802:" has low peripheral sympathomimetic effects. Moreover, no signs of dependence and withdrawal symptoms were found."
5694:
4221:
1123:
4621:
4315:
4226:
735:
233:
132:
4910:
4880:
4206:
4201:
3901:
3817:
1593:"The pharmacology of actoprotectors: practical application for improvement of mental and physical performance"
762:
pathway. For instance, a single dose of bromantane produces a 2–2.5 fold increase in TH expression in the rat
4900:
4885:
4285:
4196:
4191:
3732:
4714:
4704:
4558:
4458:
4231:
4013:
1098:(1-(1-aminopropyl)adamantane). It was serendipitously discovered in 1969 that amantadine possesses central
928:
377:
318:
4905:
985:
Bromantane is used clinically in doses of 50 mg to 100 mg per day in the treatment of asthenia.
660:
The stimulant effects of bromantane onset gradually within 1.5–2 hours and last for 8–12 hours when taken
5724:
5325:
4865:
4752:
4747:
4463:
3702:
2796:
1190:
338:
1492:
Neznamov GG, Siuniakov SA, Teleshova SE, Chumakov DV, Reutova MA, Siuniakov TS, et al. (2009). "".
4980:
4398:
4320:
3694:
687:
620:
602:
598:
3871:
211:
5033:
3797:
3212:
1162:, and was approved for this indication in Russia under the brand name Ladasten sometime around 2009.
872:
The related drugs amantadine and memantine also have many properties similar to those of bromantane.
627:
17:
3866:
487:
InChI=1S/C16H20BrN/c17-14-1-3-15(4-2-14)18-16-12-6-10-5-11(8-12)9-13(16)7-10/h1-4,10-13,16,18H,5-9H2
354:
5679:
4468:
4305:
3357:
2952:
2817:
1148:
727:
1135:
in 1991, bromantane continued to be researched and characterized but was mainly limited in use to
4767:
4762:
4453:
3886:
3827:
3777:
3772:
3722:
3322:
2097:"Amantadine: reappraisal of the timeless diamond-target updates and novel therapeutic potentials"
862:
97:
63:
810:(including peripheral sympathomimetic effects and hyperstimulation), does not appear to produce
5719:
5365:
5241:
4990:
4709:
4393:
3896:
3782:
3742:
3727:
2539:
2430:
1103:
834:
775:
522:
2640:
2507:
5689:
5206:
4842:
4566:
4388:
3222:
3207:
3199:
2568:
2449:
307:
5304:
5684:
5669:
5540:
5051:
4448:
4355:
4325:
4132:
3969:
3747:
3217:
2897:
2887:
2144:
Huber TJ, Dietrich DE, Emrich HM (March 1999). "Possible use of amantadine in depression".
1144:
743:
711:
327:
262:
196:
5299:
8:
5729:
5714:
5056:
4626:
4438:
4269:
4147:
4038:
3974:
3767:
3752:
3712:
3098:
2985:
2810:
1147:
when several
Russian athletes tested positive for it, and was subsequently placed on the
1055:
1004:
948:
830:
823:
661:
561:
253:
217:
188:
104:
1183:"Ladasten (adamantylbromphenylamine) Tablets for Oral Use. Full Prescribing Information"
381:
358:
4816:
4802:
4757:
4742:
3242:
3227:
2879:
2742:
2693:
2621:
2485:
2376:
2333:
2263:
2121:
2096:
1963:
1881:
1737:
1693:
1617:
1592:
1556:
1423:
1380:
1292:
1243:
1115:
866:
715:
606:
discontinued treatment due to side effects. Bromantane was also noted to normalize the
2729:
2712:
1829:
1330:
1230:
1213:
5674:
5590:
4975:
4827:
4478:
3846:
3573:
3337:
3277:
3232:
2769:
2734:
2685:
2648:
2613:
2576:
2547:
2515:
2412:
2368:
2325:
2290:
2255:
2220:
2193:
2161:
2126:
2047:
2017:
1990:
1955:
1915:
1873:
1833:
1791:
1764:
1729:
1685:
1649:
1622:
1608:
1548:
1544:
1501:
1465:
1415:
1372:
1334:
1284:
1235:
1111:
779:
767:
695:
642:
564:
is unknown, and is distinct in its properties relative to typical stimulants such as
2746:
2697:
2625:
2489:
2267:
2184:
Morozov IS, Pukhova GS, Avdulov NA, Sergeeva SA, Spasov AA, Iezhitsa IN (1999). "".
1967:
1885:
1741:
1697:
1560:
1427:
1384:
1296:
1247:
287:
5111:
4920:
4782:
4659:
4418:
4290:
4280:
4181:
4081:
3916:
3649:
3342:
2990:
2724:
2677:
2605:
2477:
2404:
2380:
2360:
2337:
2317:
2247:
2153:
2116:
2108:
2077:
1947:
1865:
1825:
1721:
1677:
1612:
1604:
1540:
1407:
1364:
1326:
1276:
1225:
888:
854:
850:
607:
557:
394:
164:
1139:(for instance, to enhance athletic performance). In 1996, it was encountered as a
966:
actions, at very high doses in animals, and these effects are responsible for its
50:
5535:
5028:
4837:
4812:
4772:
4611:
4528:
4483:
4350:
4345:
4265:
4261:
4077:
3850:
3832:
3302:
3000:
1136:
1007:. It is also known as adamantylbromphenylamine, from which its name was derived.
955:
819:
815:
739:
723:
699:
549:. Although the effects of bromantane have been determined to be dependent on the
526:
182:
172:
5645:
5294:
5289:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
954:
Although not relevant at clinical dosages, bromantane has been found to produce
682:
Although it is frequently labeled as a stimulant, bromantane is distinct in its
5530:
5525:
5330:
4792:
4497:
4335:
4043:
3111:
3005:
2960:
2922:
2211:
Zimin IA, Abaimov DA, Budygin EA, Zolotarev I, Kovalev GI (February 2010). "".
2112:
1159:
1140:
1127:
1083:
1063:
959:
913:
846:
811:
646:
634:
590:
2760:
Siuniakov SA, Grishin SA, Teleshova ES, Neznamov GG, Seredenin SB (2006). "".
2481:
2364:
2321:
2251:
2081:
1951:
1869:
1725:
1681:
1411:
5658:
5610:
5510:
5460:
5375:
4616:
4543:
4518:
4433:
4428:
4403:
4368:
4241:
3881:
3822:
3367:
3312:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3106:
2980:
2902:
2617:
1877:
1419:
1376:
1288:
1152:
963:
638:
630:
569:
370:
5106:
5101:
5565:
5515:
5435:
5415:
5410:
5390:
5385:
5340:
5096:
5091:
5081:
5066:
5005:
4576:
4571:
4548:
4508:
4340:
4246:
4162:
4092:
4073:
4068:
4053:
3926:
3856:
3807:
3485:
3450:
3415:
3282:
3121:
2942:
2927:
2773:
2416:
2372:
2329:
2294:
2259:
2224:
2197:
2165:
2130:
2051:
2021:
1994:
1959:
1919:
1837:
1795:
1768:
1733:
1689:
1653:
1626:
1552:
1505:
1469:
1338:
1132:
1110:
levels in the brain. It has also notably since been used to help alleviate
1099:
1059:
940:
842:
763:
759:
683:
657:, suggesting that it might potentiate certain effects of other stimulants.
550:
546:
33:
5279:
5274:
2738:
2711:
Burnat P, Payen A, Le
Brumant-Payen C, Hugon M, Ceppa F (September 1997).
2689:
2157:
1239:
5615:
5600:
5585:
5555:
5550:
5495:
5480:
5475:
5450:
5405:
5395:
5380:
5360:
5350:
5345:
5211:
4857:
4777:
4503:
4473:
4423:
4378:
4295:
4275:
4251:
4087:
4058:
4023:
3946:
3936:
3931:
3906:
3842:
3812:
3684:
3664:
3611:
3553:
3530:
3525:
3515:
3495:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3440:
3435:
3400:
3292:
3247:
3166:
3126:
3073:
2970:
2937:
2869:
1091:
1035:
1023:
807:
691:
565:
5249:
1981:
Vakhitova I, Sadovnikov SV, Iamidanov RS, Seredenin SB (July 2006). "".
1529:
5595:
5580:
5570:
5520:
5490:
5485:
5455:
5445:
5370:
5335:
5116:
5023:
5000:
4729:
4719:
4641:
4631:
4606:
4601:
4586:
4513:
4493:
4488:
4443:
4383:
4373:
4363:
4330:
4186:
4176:
4167:
4157:
4152:
4117:
4107:
4102:
4048:
4033:
4003:
3979:
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3921:
3891:
3876:
3861:
3802:
3792:
3674:
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3659:
3621:
3616:
3583:
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3317:
3307:
3257:
3252:
3156:
3116:
3058:
3053:
3038:
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2917:
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2408:
2237:
1368:
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1095:
1079:
1046:
1027:
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1011:
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989:
876:
538:
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421:
298:
41:
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5605:
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5430:
5355:
5221:
5071:
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4995:
4985:
4832:
4822:
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4689:
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4674:
4236:
4142:
4127:
4112:
4063:
4018:
3837:
3641:
3631:
3626:
3606:
3563:
3490:
3410:
3405:
3395:
3380:
3352:
3332:
3327:
3297:
3272:
3262:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3083:
3068:
3063:
2995:
2932:
2912:
2864:
2833:
1980:
1087:
1031:
880:
865:) to in turn activate protein kinases, which in turn cause increased
650:
554:
542:
273:
4895:
4890:
1265:
5641:
5505:
5465:
5425:
5420:
5216:
4847:
4807:
4699:
4649:
4596:
4591:
4538:
4533:
4523:
4408:
4310:
4256:
4097:
3998:
3941:
3679:
3654:
3598:
3568:
3455:
3425:
3420:
3375:
3287:
3267:
3174:
3131:
3088:
3015:
2907:
1937:
1855:
1107:
967:
771:
719:
707:
594:
2571:. In Channels Packer L, Sies H, Eggersdorfer M, Cadenas E (eds.).
1710:
1491:
444:
5620:
5545:
5500:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5086:
5043:
5015:
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4797:
4787:
4669:
4028:
3911:
3787:
3588:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3390:
3385:
3078:
3048:
2759:
2393:
1666:
1639:
899:= 7.44 μM and 2.60 μM, respectively) and that activation of the σ
884:
858:
838:
731:
703:
2710:
2095:
Danysz W, Dekundy A, Scheschonka A, Riederer P (February 2021).
2094:
1640:
Tallerova AV, Kovalenko LP, Durnev AD, Seredenin SB (2011). "".
5625:
5575:
5560:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5076:
4008:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3520:
3445:
3033:
3028:
3023:
2791:
755:
152:
2467:
2280:
2063:
2061:
2037:
5400:
5320:
4664:
4581:
4300:
4137:
3762:
3717:
3043:
2802:
2281:
Bugaeva LI, Verovskiĭ VE, Iezhitsa IN, Spasov AA (2000). "".
2183:
1354:
1090:. Other adamantane antivirals subsequently followed, such as
435:
2350:
2307:
2210:
2088:
2007:
1781:
734:
mechanisms to produce a rapid, pronounced, and long-lasting
343:
4211:
3757:
3737:
3558:
2058:
2008:
Iëzhitsa IN, Bugaeva LI, Spasov AA, Morozov IS (2000). "".
1905:
1782:
Iëzhitsa IN, Bugaeva LI, Spasov AA, Morozov IS (1999). "".
971:
920:
545:. Medically, it is approved in Russia for the treatment of
2668:
Krapivin SV, Sergeeva SA, Morozov IS (November 1993). "".
1933:
1931:
1929:
1851:
1849:
1847:
822:
symptoms upon discontinuation, and displays an absence of
786:
synthesis of dopamine via modulation of gene expression.
2231:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1455:
1261:
1259:
1257:
939:
Bromantane has been found to increase the expression of
686:
and effects relative to typical stimulants, such as the
2667:
2595:
2387:
2137:
2067:
2038:
Vakhitova I, Salimgareeva MK, Seredenin SB (2004). "".
1926:
1844:
1704:
1397:
2501:
2499:
1660:
1512:
1254:
2510:. In Mandell L, Woodhead M, Ewig S, Torres A (eds.).
1815:
1754:
1494:
Zhurnal
Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
1458:
Zhurnal
Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
1350:
1348:
1316:
2589:
1906:
Vakhitova I, Iamidanov RS, Seredinin SB (2004). "".
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
2641:"Dementia Due to Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration"
2496:
2143:
1456:Voznesenskaia TG, Fokina NM, Iakhno NN (2010). "".
1189:(in Russian). Lekko CJSC. p. 1. Archived from
2344:
1345:
730:of dopamine, bromantane instead acts via indirect
3708:1-Methylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propane
2670:Biulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny
1391:
1303:
1126:(now the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences) in
677:
626:Bromantane has been found to lower the levels of
5656:
2762:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
2546:. Gulf Professional Publishing. pp. 1047–.
2283:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
2213:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
2186:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
2040:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
2010:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
1908:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
1784:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
1757:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
1642:Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1066:in the presence of formic acid gave bromantane (
907:
710:, etc.). Whereas the latter directly act on the
568:. Bromantane has sometimes been described as an
286:
4738:1-Benzyl-4-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)piperidine
2704:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2033:
2031:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1755:Kuzubova EA, Bugaeva LI, Spasov AA (2004). "".
1205:
754:(AAAD) (also known as DOPA decarboxylase), key
261:
5735:World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances
2566:
2560:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
641:and to normalize behavior in animal models of
2818:
2645:Gabbard's Treatments of Psychiatric Disorders
2598:Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
2533:
2531:
2353:Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
2310:Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
2240:Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
1714:Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
1670:Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
1567:
1269:Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
806:Bromantane is well tolerated and elicits few
2753:
2544:Neurological Disorders: Course and Treatment
2274:
2204:
2172:
2028:
2001:
1974:
1892:
1802:
1775:
1748:
1633:
1211:
2661:
2647:. American Psychiatric Pub. pp. 174–.
2632:
1476:
1434:
2825:
2811:
2537:
2528:
645:, and may possess clinical efficacy as an
380:
357:
306:
2728:
2120:
1616:
1590:
1229:
326:
2567:Nakamura T, Lipton SA (6 October 2009).
1082:(1-aminoadamantane) was developed as an
1078:In the 1960s, the adamantane derivative
1045:
931:, but rather via a different mechanism.
146: Unscheduled, not FDA approved
5710:Drugs with unknown mechanisms of action
2638:
1212:Neild PJ, Gazzard BG (September 1997).
1151:banned list in 1997 as a stimulant and
992:of bromantane is 6β-hydroxybromantane.
613:
353:
14:
5657:
2505:
371:
2806:
738:in a variety of brain regions of the
141:
2470:Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry
1940:Doklady. Biochemistry and Biophysics
1177:
1175:
580:
1187:Russian State Register of Medicines
980:
672:
277:
24:
1591:Oliynyk S, Oh S (September 2012).
467:C1C2CC3CC1CC(C2)C3NC4=CC=C(C=C4)Br
25:
5746:
2784:
1172:
1094:(1-(1-aminoethyl)adamantane) and
945:brain-derived neurotrophic factor
770:is observed in the hypothalamus,
244:-(4-Bromophenyl)adamantan-2-amine
92:-(4-Bromophenyl)-2-adamantanamine
3703:1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-aminobutane
2790:
2070:Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal
1609:10.4062/biomolther.2012.20.5.446
1545:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.07.001
1400:Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal
1357:Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal
1124:USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
934:
414:
405:
49:
40:
4622:2-Phenyl-3,6-dimethylmorpholine
4316:N,alpha-Diethylphenylethylamine
2713:"Bromontan, a new doping agent"
2573:Micronutrients and Brain Health
2461:
2442:
2423:
2301:
1597:Biomolecules & Therapeutics
1106:due to its ability to increase
818:, has not been associated with
694:and its derivatives) and their
667:
593:of 728 patients diagnosed with
589:In a large-scale, multi-center
492:Key:LWJALJDRFBXHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
411:
80:-(2-Adamantyl)-4-bromoaniline;
76:Bromantan; Bromontan; ADK-709;
5665:Drugs not assigned an ATC code
5217:Troparil (β-CPT, WIN 35,065-2)
3818:2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
2832:
1818:Neurotoxicology and Teratology
1319:Neurotoxicology and Teratology
678:Dopamine synthesis enhancement
399:
13:
1:
2730:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)63310-7
2506:Stiver HG (27 October 2006).
1830:10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00119-2
1331:10.1016/S0892-0362(01)00119-2
1231:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)63309-0
1165:
1014:with similar effects include
908:Monoamine reuptake inhibition
829:The precise direct molecular
5700:Dopamine reuptake inhibitors
2514:. CRC Press. pp. 243–.
1041:
995:
951:in certain rat brain areas.
929:monoamine reuptake inhibitor
875:Researchers discovered that
517:, sold under the brand name
7:
5326:3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine
4866:2-Diphenylmethylpyrrolidine
4753:3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate
4748:2-Methyl-3-phenylpiperidine
2575:. CRC Press. pp. 71–.
10:
5751:
4321:N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine
2538:Oertel WH, Fahn S (2003).
2113:10.1007/s00702-021-02306-2
1214:"HIV-1 infection in China"
1073:
628:pro-inflammatory cytokines
621:performance-enhancing drug
575:
537:family that is related to
389:Chemical and physical data
5705:Drugs in the Soviet Union
5639:
5313:
5240:
5042:
5034:Phenylpiracetam hydrazide
5014:
4856:
4728:
4640:
4557:
3693:
3640:
3597:
3539:
3366:
3198:
3165:
3097:
3014:
2951:
2893:8-Cyclopentyltheophylline
2878:
2840:
2482:10.1134/S1070428010010069
2252:10.1007/s10517-012-1516-z
1952:10.1007/s10628-005-0057-z
1870:10.1007/s11008-005-0035-7
1726:10.1007/s10517-014-2343-1
1682:10.1007/s10517-011-1453-2
861:some as-yet-undetermined
752:-amino acid decarboxylase
500:
475:
455:
433:
420:
393:
388:
369:
337:
317:
297:
272:
252:
229:
224:
210:
195:
181:
171:
163:
131:
126:
110:
96:
72:
62:
57:
48:
39:
3358:Phthalimidopropiophenone
2101:J Neural Transm (Vienna)
1149:World Anti-Doping Agency
958:effects, including both
204:11.21 hours (in humans),
5695:4-Bromophenyl compounds
4768:4-Methylmethylphenidate
4763:4-Fluoromethylphenidate
3872:β-Phenylmethamphetamine
3828:5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole
3763:4-Fluoromethamphetamine
3718:2-Fluoromethamphetamine
3323:Methylenedioxycathinone
2508:"Treatment of Influeza"
2365:10.1023/A:1016206306875
2322:10.1023/a:1016206306875
2082:10.1023/A:1011905302667
1412:10.1023/A:1011905302667
572:(synthetic adaptogen).
88:-(4-Bromophenyl)amine;
5092:Dichloropane (RTI-111)
3897:3-Benzhydrylmorpholine
3867:β-Methylphenethylamine
3743:3-Fluoroethamphetamine
3728:2-Phenyl-3-aminobutane
2512:Respiratory Infections
1051:
776:ventral tegmental area
523:central nervous system
5207:Salicylmethylecgonine
4843:Serdexmethylphenidate
4567:3-Fluorophenmetrazine
4266:Dextromethamphetamine
4212:MDMA (midomafetamine)
3798:a-Ethylphenethylamine
3208:3-Fluoromethcathinone
2880:Adenosine antagonists
2542:. In Brandt T (ed.).
2158:10.1055/s-2007-979191
1086:for the treatment of
1049:
5541:Naphthylaminopropane
5052:4-fluorotropacocaine
4138:5-Iodo-2-aminoindane
4133:4-Hydroxyamphetamine
3970:Dimethoxyamphetamine
3748:3-Methoxyamphetamine
3099:Arylcyclohexylamines
2898:8-Phenyltheophylline
2888:8-Chlorotheophylline
2799:at Wikimedia Commons
1145:1996 Summer Olympics
744:tyrosine hydroxylase
712:dopamine transporter
696:structural analogues
614:Psychotropic effects
4627:Pseudophenmetrazine
4439:Phenylpropanolamine
4359:-Norpseudoephedrine
4326:Naphthylamphetamine
4270:Levomethamphetamine
4197:MDA (tenamfetamine)
4039:Ethylnorepinephrine
3975:Dimethylamphetamine
3758:4-Fluoroamphetamine
3753:3-Methylamphetamine
3738:3-Fluoroamphetamine
3713:2-Fluoroamphetamine
2986:Levopropylhexedrine
2639:Gabbard GO (2007).
1104:Parkinson's disease
1056:reductive amination
949:nerve growth factor
927:significantly as a
883:bind to and act as
831:mechanism of action
824:addiction potential
562:mechanism of action
560:systems, its exact
36:
5725:Russian inventions
4817:Dexmethylphenidate
4803:Isopropylphenidate
4758:4-Benzylpiperidine
4743:2-Benzylpiperidine
4148:Indanylamphetamine
3243:4-Methylpentedrone
3228:4-Methylbuphedrone
2682:10.1007/BF00805158
2610:10.1007/BF02496845
2409:10.4155/bio.11.308
2146:Pharmacopsychiatry
1369:10.1007/BF02524549
1281:10.1007/BF02445840
1193:on 3 February 2016
1116:multiple sclerosis
1052:
212:Duration of action
32:
5652:
5651:
5591:Rubidium chloride
5062:Altropane (IACFT)
4976:Indapyrophenidone
4798:Methylnaphthidate
4559:Phenylmorpholines
4479:Propylamphetamine
4358:
4170:
3959:
3847:Dextroamphetamine
3338:N-Ethylbuphedrone
3278:Dimethylcathinone
3233:4-Methylcathinone
2991:Methylhexaneamine
2795:Media related to
2723:(9082): 963–964.
2654:978-1-58562-216-0
2582:978-1-4200-7352-2
2553:978-0-12-125831-3
2521:978-0-340-81694-3
1858:Molecular Biology
1533:Neuropharmacology
1464:(5 Pt 1): 17–26.
1000:Bromantane is an
780:nucleus accumbens
768:neurotransmission
751:
601:and 90.8% on the
581:Clinical research
521:, is an atypical
512:
511:
446:Interactive image
339:CompTox Dashboard
206:7 hours (in rats)
156:
145:
16:(Redirected from
5742:
5072:CFT (WIN 35,428)
5057:4'-Fluorococaine
4921:Diphenylprolinol
4788:Ethylnaphthidate
4783:Diphenylpyraline
4419:Phenpromethamine
4356:
4291:Methoxyphenamine
4281:Methoxyphenamine
4182:Lisdexamfetamine
4168:
4082:Levofenfluramine
3957:
3917:Chlorphentermine
3650:4-Methylaminorex
3343:N-Ethylhexedrone
2827:
2820:
2813:
2804:
2803:
2794:
2778:
2777:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2732:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2535:
2526:
2525:
2503:
2494:
2493:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2181:
2170:
2169:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2124:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2035:
2026:
2025:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1946:(1–6): 150–153.
1935:
1924:
1923:
1903:
1890:
1889:
1853:
1842:
1841:
1813:
1800:
1799:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1620:
1588:
1565:
1564:
1527:
1510:
1509:
1489:
1474:
1473:
1453:
1432:
1431:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1352:
1343:
1342:
1314:
1301:
1300:
1263:
1252:
1251:
1233:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1179:
1010:Closely related
981:Pharmacokinetics
869:of TH and AAAD.
855:protein kinase C
851:protein kinase A
758:in the dopamine
749:
673:Pharmacodynamics
608:sleep-wake cycle
558:neurotransmitter
508:
507:
448:
428:
416:
413:
407:
401:
384:
373:
362:
361:
347:
345:
330:
310:
290:
280:
279:
265:
200:
150:
143:
140:
53:
44:
37:
35:
31:
21:
5750:
5749:
5745:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5740:
5739:
5680:Antidepressants
5655:
5654:
5653:
5648:
5635:
5536:Methiopropamine
5309:
5236:
5162:RTI-121 (IPCIT)
5038:
5029:Phenylpiracetam
5010:
4852:
4838:Propylphenidate
4813:Methylphenidate
4773:Desoxypipradrol
4724:
4636:
4612:Phendimetrazine
4553:
4529:Tranylcypromine
4484:Pseudoephedrine
4351:Normetanephrine
4346:Norfenfluramine
4262:Methamphetamine
4078:Dexfenfluramine
3851:Levoamphetamine
3833:2-Aminotetralin
3695:Phenethylamines
3689:
3636:
3593:
3535:
3362:
3303:Isoethcathinone
3194:
3161:
3093:
3010:
3001:Propylhexedrine
2947:
2874:
2836:
2831:
2787:
2782:
2781:
2758:
2754:
2709:
2705:
2676:(11): 515–518.
2666:
2662:
2655:
2637:
2633:
2594:
2590:
2583:
2565:
2561:
2554:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2504:
2497:
2466:
2462:
2455:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2428:
2424:
2392:
2388:
2349:
2345:
2306:
2302:
2279:
2275:
2236:
2232:
2209:
2205:
2182:
2173:
2142:
2138:
2093:
2089:
2066:
2059:
2036:
2029:
2006:
2002:
1979:
1975:
1936:
1927:
1904:
1893:
1854:
1845:
1814:
1803:
1780:
1776:
1753:
1749:
1709:
1705:
1665:
1661:
1638:
1634:
1589:
1568:
1528:
1513:
1490:
1477:
1454:
1435:
1396:
1392:
1353:
1346:
1315:
1304:
1264:
1255:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1168:
1160:clinical trials
1137:sports medicine
1076:
1044:
998:
983:
975:
956:anticholinergic
937:
924:
910:
902:
898:
892:
853:and especially
847:protein kinases
700:methylphenidate
688:phenethylamines
680:
675:
670:
616:
583:
578:
503:
501:
496:
493:
488:
483:
482:
471:
468:
463:
462:
451:
426:
410:
404:
365:
341:
333:
313:
293:
276:
268:
248:
245:
237:
236:
205:
198:
183:Onset of action
173:Bioavailability
165:Pharmacokinetic
159:
122:
99:
84:-(2-Adamantyl)-
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5748:
5738:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5650:
5649:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5531:Methastyridone
5528:
5526:Methamnetamine
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5331:Amfonelic acid
5328:
5323:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5246:
5244:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5077:β-CIT (RTI-55)
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5048:
5046:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5020:
5018:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4793:Ethylphenidate
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4734:
4732:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4646:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4498:Levosalbutamol
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4336:Norepinephrine
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4259:
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4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
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4145:
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4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4044:Etilamfetamine
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3954:
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3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
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3869:
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3805:
3800:
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3790:
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3536:
3534:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3372:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
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3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
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3240:
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3215:
3210:
3204:
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3196:
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3187:
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3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3112:Dieticyclidine
3109:
3103:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
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3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3020:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3006:Tuaminoheptane
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2961:Cyclopentamine
2957:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2923:Istradefylline
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
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2852:
2846:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2786:
2785:External links
2783:
2780:
2779:
2764:(in Russian).
2752:
2703:
2672:(in Russian).
2660:
2653:
2631:
2604:(2): 151–155.
2588:
2581:
2559:
2552:
2540:"Parkinsonism"
2527:
2520:
2495:
2460:
2441:
2422:
2403:(2): 167–175.
2386:
2359:(4): 380–383.
2343:
2316:(4): 380–383.
2300:
2285:(in Russian).
2273:
2246:(3): 313–317.
2230:
2215:(in Russian).
2203:
2188:(in Russian).
2171:
2136:
2107:(2): 127–169.
2087:
2076:(5): 235–238.
2057:
2042:(in Russian).
2027:
2012:(in Russian).
2000:
1989:(7): 968–975.
1985:(in Russian).
1973:
1925:
1910:(in Russian).
1891:
1864:(2): 244–252.
1843:
1824:(2): 213–222.
1801:
1786:(in Russian).
1774:
1759:(in Russian).
1747:
1720:(3): 335–337.
1703:
1659:
1644:(in Russian).
1632:
1603:(5): 446–456.
1566:
1539:(5): 601–608.
1511:
1496:(in Russian).
1475:
1460:(in Russian).
1433:
1406:(5): 235–238.
1390:
1344:
1325:(2): 213–222.
1302:
1275:(3): 294–296.
1253:
1204:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1084:antiviral drug
1075:
1072:
1064:4-Bromoaniline
1043:
1040:
997:
994:
982:
979:
977:) in animals.
973:
960:antimuscarinic
936:
933:
922:
914:norepinephrine
909:
906:
900:
896:
890:
804:
803:
800:
797:
794:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
647:antidepressant
615:
612:
591:clinical trial
582:
579:
577:
574:
510:
509:
498:
497:
495:
494:
491:
489:
486:
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402:
397:
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375:
367:
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363:
355:DTXSID40405333
350:
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331:
323:
321:
315:
314:
312:
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301:
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193:
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185:
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100:administration
94:
93:
74:
70:
69:
66:
60:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
27:Stimulant drug
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5747:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5720:Russian drugs
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
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5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
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5668:
5666:
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5662:
5660:
5647:
5643:
5638:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5611:Thiopropamine
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
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5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5511:Meclofenoxate
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5461:Hexacyclonate
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
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5414:
5412:
5409:
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5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5376:Centanafadine
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
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5334:
5332:
5329:
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5322:
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5138:
5135:
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5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5112:Ioflupane (I)
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
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4859:
4855:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4828:Phacetoperane
4826:
4824:
4821:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
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4779:
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4683:
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4647:
4645:
4643:
4639:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4617:Phenmetrazine
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
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4585:
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4573:
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4568:
4565:
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4562:
4560:
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4547:
4545:
4544:Xylopropamine
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4519:Theodrenaline
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
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4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4434:Phenylephrine
4432:
4430:
4429:Phenylalanine
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4369:Orciprenaline
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
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4329:
4327:
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4314:
4312:
4309:
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4299:
4297:
4294:
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4289:
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4284:
4282:
4279:
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4274:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4242:Mephentermine
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
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4141:
4139:
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4119:
4116:
4114:
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4040:
4037:
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4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
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3948:
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3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
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3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3882:Benzphetamine
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3823:2-Aminoindane
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
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3643:
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3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3313:Methcathinone
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
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3291:
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3259:
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3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3152:Tenocyclidine
3150:
3148:
3147:Rolicyclidine
3145:
3143:
3142:Phencyclidine
3140:
3138:
3137:Phencyclamine
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3107:Benocyclidine
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2981:Isometheptene
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2903:Aminophylline
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2828:
2823:
2821:
2816:
2814:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2798:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2756:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2707:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2664:
2656:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2635:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2584:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2555:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2534:
2532:
2523:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2502:
2500:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2451:
2445:
2432:
2426:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2390:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2347:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2304:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2277:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2234:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2140:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2064:
2062:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2034:
2032:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1778:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1751:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1663:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1351:
1349:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1224:(9082): 963.
1223:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1171:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1154:
1153:masking agent
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1050:Patents: 57%:
1048:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1030:(gludantan),
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1003:
993:
991:
986:
978:
976:
969:
965:
964:antinicotinic
961:
957:
952:
950:
946:
942:
941:neurotrophins
935:Other actions
932:
930:
925:
918:
915:
905:
894:
886:
882:
878:
873:
870:
868:
867:transcription
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
827:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
801:
798:
795:
792:
791:
790:
787:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
665:
663:
658:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
629:
624:
622:
611:
609:
604:
600:
596:
592:
587:
573:
571:
570:actoprotector
567:
563:
559:
556:
553:and possibly
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
506:
499:
490:
485:
484:
481:
474:
465:
464:
461:
454:
447:
443:
442:
440:
437:
432:
425:
423:
419:
398:
396:
392:
387:
383:
379:
376:
374:
372:ECHA InfoCard
368:
360:
356:
352:
351:
349:
340:
336:
329:
325:
324:
322:
320:
316:
309:
305:
304:
302:
300:
296:
289:
285:
284:
282:
275:
271:
264:
260:
259:
257:
255:
251:
243:
239:
238:
235:
228:
223:
219:
215:
213:
209:
203:
201:
194:
190:
187:1.5–2 hours (
186:
184:
180:
176:
174:
170:
166:
162:
154:
148:
139:
138:
136:
134:
130:
125:
118:
117:
115:
113:
109:
106:
103:
101:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
65:
61:
58:Clinical data
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
30:
19:
5690:Aphrodisiacs
5566:Oxaprotiline
5516:Medifoxamine
5436:Fenpentadiol
5416:Dimethocaine
5411:Diclofensine
5391:Cropropamide
5386:Clofenciclan
5341:Amiphenazole
5295:7-Methyl-αET
5290:6-Fluoro-αMT
5270:5-Fluoro-αMT
5265:5-Chloro-αMT
5260:4-Methyl-αMT
5255:4-Methyl-αET
5097:Difluoropine
5082:Cocaethylene
5067:Brasofensine
5006:Pyrovalerone
4858:Pyrrolidines
4577:Fenmetramide
4572:Fenbutrazate
4549:Zylofuramine
4509:Solriamfetol
4341:Norfenefrine
4247:Metanephrine
4173:(Selegiline)
4163:Isoprenaline
4093:Feprosidnine
4074:Fenfluramine
4069:Fenethylline
4054:Famprofazone
3927:Cinnamedrine
3857:Amphetaminil
3808:Amfepentorex
3486:Sazetidine A
3451:Ispronicline
3416:Bradanicline
3368:Cholinergics
3283:Ethcathinone
3167:Benzazepines
3122:Eticyclidine
2943:Theophylline
2928:Paraxanthine
2859:
2768:(4): 10–15.
2765:
2761:
2755:
2720:
2716:
2706:
2673:
2669:
2663:
2644:
2634:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2572:
2562:
2543:
2511:
2476:(1): 64–72.
2473:
2469:
2463:
2444:
2425:
2400:
2396:
2389:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2313:
2309:
2303:
2289:(1): 57–61.
2286:
2282:
2276:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2192:(1): 11–14.
2189:
2185:
2152:(2): 47–55.
2149:
2145:
2139:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2073:
2069:
2046:(2): 12–15.
2043:
2039:
2016:(5): 13–17.
2013:
2009:
2003:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1943:
1939:
1911:
1907:
1861:
1857:
1821:
1817:
1790:(6): 39–44.
1787:
1783:
1777:
1763:(3): 34–37.
1760:
1756:
1750:
1717:
1713:
1706:
1676:(1): 58–60.
1673:
1669:
1662:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1600:
1596:
1536:
1532:
1500:(5): 20–26.
1497:
1493:
1461:
1457:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1360:
1356:
1322:
1318:
1272:
1268:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1195:. Retrieved
1191:the original
1186:
1157:
1141:doping agent
1133:Soviet Union
1120:
1100:dopaminergic
1077:
1067:
1060:Adamantanone
1053:
1009:
999:
987:
984:
953:
938:
916:
911:
874:
871:
843:phospholipid
828:
808:side effects
805:
788:
783:
764:hypothalamus
760:biosynthesis
736:upregulation
684:pharmacology
681:
668:Pharmacology
659:
654:
625:
617:
588:
584:
555:serotonergic
551:dopaminergic
547:neurasthenia
533:drug of the
518:
514:
513:
502:
241:
216:8–12 hours (
197:Elimination
133:Legal status
127:Legal status
89:
85:
81:
77:
29:
5685:Anxiolytics
5670:Adamantanes
5616:Thiothinone
5601:Tametraline
5586:Rauwolscine
5556:Nomifensine
5551:Nikethamide
5496:Lomevactone
5481:JNJ-7925476
5476:Indatraline
5451:GSK1360707F
5406:Desipramine
5396:Crotetamide
5381:Ciclazindol
5361:Benzydamine
5351:Atomoxetine
5346:Atipamezole
5242:Tryptamines
5212:Tesofensine
4778:Difemetorex
4730:Piperidines
4642:Piperazines
4504:Sibutramine
4474:Prenylamine
4424:Phentermine
4379:Oxifentorex
4276:Methoxamine
4252:Metaraminol
4088:Fenproporex
4059:Fencamfamin
4024:Epinephrine
3947:Clortermine
3937:Clobenzorex
3932:Clenbuterol
3907:Camfetamine
3843:Amphetamine
3813:Amidephrine
3685:Thozalinone
3665:Cyclazodone
3612:Armodafinil
3574:Pentetrazol
3554:Bicuculline
3541:Convulsants
3531:WAY-317,538
3526:Varenicline
3516:Tebanicline
3496:SSR-180,711
3481:Rivanicline
3476:Pozanicline
3471:PNU-282,987
3466:PNU-120,596
3461:PHA-543,613
3441:Epiboxidine
3436:Epibatidine
3401:Altinicline
3293:Flephedrone
3248:Amfepramone
3127:Gacyclidine
2971:Cyprodenate
2953:Alkylamines
2938:Theobromine
2870:Rimantadine
2842:Adamantanes
2397:Bioanalysis
1914:(4): 7–11.
1648:(11): 3–5.
1092:rimantadine
1036:rimantadine
1024:chlodantane
1012:adamantanes
845:-dependent
692:amphetamine
566:amphetamine
429: g·mol
378:100.213.907
225:Identifiers
73:Other names
64:Trade names
5730:Stimulants
5715:Nootropics
5659:Categories
5596:Setazindol
5581:Rasagiline
5571:PNU-99,194
5521:Mefexamide
5491:Leptacline
5486:Lazabemide
5456:GYKI-52895
5446:Gilutensin
5371:BTS 74,398
5336:Amineptine
5285:5-MeO-DIPT
5117:Norcocaine
5107:FP-β-CPPIT
5102:FE-β-CPPIT
5024:Oxiracetam
5001:Prolintane
4720:Vanoxerine
4632:Radafaxine
4607:PD-128,907
4602:Oxaflozane
4587:Manifaxine
4514:Synephrine
4494:Salbutamol
4489:Ropinirole
4444:Pholedrine
4384:Oxilofrine
4374:Ortetamine
4364:Octopamine
4331:Nisoxetine
4187:Lophophine
4177:Lefetamine
4158:Isoetarine
4153:Iofetamine
4118:Hexapradol
4108:Furfenorex
4103:Formetorex
4049:Etilefrine
4034:Etafedrine
4004:Dopexamine
3989:Dextrodopa
3980:Dobutamine
3965:Denopamine
3952:Cypenamine
3922:Cilobamine
3877:Benfluorex
3862:Arbutamine
3803:Amfecloral
3793:Alfetamine
3675:Fluminorex
3670:Fenozolone
3660:Clominorex
3642:Oxazolines
3622:CRL-40,941
3617:CRL-40,940
3584:Strychnine
3579:Picrotoxin
3549:Anatoxin-a
3431:Dianicline
3348:Pentedrone
3318:Methedrone
3308:Mephedrone
3258:Buphedrone
3253:Benzedrone
3200:Cathinones
3157:Tiletamine
3117:Esketamine
3059:LY-503,430
3054:LY-404,187
2976:Heptaminol
2966:Cypenamine
2918:Dimethazan
2860:Bromantane
2855:Amantadine
2850:Adapromine
2834:Stimulants
2797:Bromantane
2431:RU 1601978
2219:(2): 2–5.
1363:(1): 1–7.
1197:27 January
1166:References
1096:adapromine
1080:amantadine
1028:gludantane
1020:amantadine
1016:adapromine
1005:derivative
1002:adamantane
990:metabolite
970:(that is,
943:including
877:amantadine
820:withdrawal
816:dependence
740:expression
643:depression
539:amantadine
535:adamantane
531:anxiolytic
515:Bromantane
434:3D model (
422:Molar mass
328:N1ILS53XWK
299:ChemSpider
263:87913-26-6
254:CAS Number
234:IUPAC name
34:Bromantane
5631:Yohimbine
5606:Tandamine
5576:PRC200-SS
5471:Indanorex
5441:Gamfexine
5431:Fenisorex
5356:Bemegride
5280:5-MeO-αMT
5275:5-MeO-αET
5222:Tropoxane
4996:Picilorex
4986:Naphyrone
4833:Pipradrol
4695:GBR-13119
4690:GBR-13098
4685:GBR-13069
4680:GBR-12935
4675:GBR-12783
4414:Phenatine
4237:Mefenorex
4171:-Deprenyl
4143:Ibopamine
4128:Hordenine
4113:Gepefrine
4064:Fencamine
4019:Ephedrine
4009:Droxidopa
3960:-Deprenyl
3838:Acridorex
3632:Modafinil
3627:Fluorenol
3607:Adrafinil
3599:Eugeroics
3564:Flurothyl
3491:SIB-1553A
3411:Arecoline
3406:Anabasine
3396:AR-R17779
3381:A-366,833
3353:Pentylone
3333:Mexedrone
3328:Methylone
3298:Hexedrone
3273:Cathinone
3263:Bupropion
3190:SKF-82958
3185:SKF-81297
3180:SKF-77434
3084:Sunifiram
3069:Org 26576
3064:Nooglutyl
3016:Ampakines
2996:Octodrine
2933:SCH-58261
2913:CGS-15943
2865:Memantine
2618:0007-4888
2450:RU 860446
1878:0026-8933
1420:0091-150X
1377:0091-150X
1289:0007-4888
1088:influenza
1042:Synthesis
1032:memantine
996:Chemistry
988:The main
881:memantine
859:agonizing
812:tolerance
748:aromatic
746:(TH) and
714:(DAT) to
651:prolactin
543:memantine
527:stimulant
199:half-life
98:Routes of
18:Bromantan
5675:Anilines
5642:ATC code
5506:Mazindol
5466:Idazoxan
5426:Etamivan
5421:Efaroxan
5250:4-HO-αMT
5044:Tropanes
5016:Racetams
4871:4-Cl-PVP
4848:SCH-5472
4808:JZ-IV-10
4700:JJC8-088
4650:2C-B-BZP
4597:Morforex
4592:Morazone
4539:Tyrosine
4534:Tyramine
4524:Tiflorex
4409:Pentorex
4311:Morforex
4257:Mesocarb
4098:Fludorex
3999:Dopamine
3993:Levodopa
3942:Cloforex
3723:2-OH-PEA
3680:Pemoline
3655:Aminorex
3569:Gabazine
3456:Nicotine
3426:Cytisine
3421:Cotinine
3376:A-84,543
3288:Ethylone
3268:Butylone
3213:3,4-DMMC
3175:6-Br-APB
3132:Ketamine
3089:Unifiram
2908:Caffeine
2774:16995430
2747:34909949
2698:34884133
2626:21940190
2490:85441518
2417:22250799
2373:12124651
2330:12124651
2295:10763112
2268:15466533
2260:22803074
2225:20369592
2198:10198757
2166:10333162
2131:33624170
2052:15188752
2022:11109517
1995:16915929
1983:Genetika
1968:28048257
1960:15999825
1920:15500036
1886:39459723
1838:11348840
1796:10650526
1769:15341065
1742:13007622
1734:24771370
1698:23634912
1690:22803040
1654:22288152
1627:24009833
1561:43661752
1553:17854844
1506:19491814
1470:21322821
1428:29475883
1385:41620120
1339:11348840
1297:33214442
1248:40317188
1108:dopamine
1058:between
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917:in vitro
893:receptor
885:agonists
863:receptor
849:such as
772:striatum
720:reuptake
708:mesocarb
595:asthenia
519:Ladasten
505:(verify)
149:Rx-only
112:ATC code
105:By mouth
68:Ladasten
5621:Trazium
5546:Nefopam
5501:LR-5182
5202:RTI-386
5197:RTI-371
5192:RTI-354
5187:RTI-336
5182:RTI-229
5177:RTI-177
5172:RTI-150
5167:RTI-126
5157:RTI-120
5152:RTI-113
5147:RTI-112
5087:Cocaine
4876:5-DBFPV
4823:Nocaine
4670:DBL-583
4029:Epinine
3912:Cathine
3788:AL-1095
3733:2,3-MDA
3589:Thujone
3511:TC-2216
3506:TC-1827
3501:TC-1698
3391:ABT-418
3386:ABT-202
3079:S-18986
3049:IDRA-21
2739:9314900
2690:8312546
2381:3050185
2338:3050185
2122:7901515
1618:3762282
1240:9314899
1143:in the
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395:Formula
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288:4660557
274:PubChem
5626:UH-232
5561:O-2172
5314:Others
5142:RTI-51
5137:RTI-32
5132:RTI-31
4906:α-PHPP
4896:α-PHiP
4891:α-PCYP
4655:3C-PEP
4217:MDMPEA
3521:UB-165
3446:GTS-21
3238:4-MEAP
3044:CX-717
3039:CX-691
3034:CX-614
3029:CX-546
3024:CX-516
2772:
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2717:Lancet
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5232:WF-33
5227:WF-23
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4941:MDPPP
4926:DMPVP
4916:α-PVT
4911:α-PVP
4901:α-PHP
4886:α-PBP
4881:α-PPP
4705:MeOPP
4665:CM156
4582:G-130
4301:MMDMA
4232:MDPEA
3783:6-FNE
3778:4-MTA
3773:4-MMA
3223:4-CMC
3218:4-BMC
2743:S2CID
2694:S2CID
2622:S2CID
2486:S2CID
2377:S2CID
2334:S2CID
2264:S2CID
1964:S2CID
1882:S2CID
1738:S2CID
1694:S2CID
1557:S2CID
1424:S2CID
1381:S2CID
1293:S2CID
1244:S2CID
835:cAMP-
635:IL-17
603:CGI-I
599:CGI-S
480:InChI
436:JSmol
177:27.5%
5646:N06B
4981:MDPV
4961:MPPP
4956:MPHP
4951:MPBP
4936:FPVP
4931:FPOP
4715:oMPP
4710:MBZP
4469:PPAP
4464:PMMA
4459:PMEA
4399:PCMA
4306:MMMA
4296:MMDA
4227:MDPR
4222:MDOH
4207:MDEA
4202:MDBU
4192:MBDB
4123:HMMA
4014:EBDB
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3768:4-MA
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3074:PEPA
2770:PMID
2735:PMID
2686:PMID
2649:ISBN
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1650:PMID
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1466:PMID
1416:ISSN
1373:ISSN
1335:PMID
1285:ISSN
1236:PMID
1199:2016
1062:and
1054:The
962:and
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879:and
726:the
718:the
639:IL-4
637:and
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541:and
529:and
319:UNII
167:data
119:None
5366:BTQ
5305:αMT
5300:αET
5127:PTT
5122:PIT
4991:PEP
4660:BZP
4454:PMA
4449:PIA
4404:PHA
4394:PCA
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4286:MMA
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