1280:
2294:
44:
292:
Not one cultural representation of either of these gods, painted, sculpted, et cetera, show them bearded in any sense the
Spanish colonizers believed they would have been. There is no evidence in the abundance of Mesoamerican art of European influence, most stridently ruled out by the likenesses they
308:
According to
Chibcha legends, Bochica was a bearded man who came from the east. He taught the primitive Chibcha people ethical and moral norms and gave them a model by which to organize their states, with one spiritual and one secular leader. Bochica also taught the people agriculture, metalworking
288:
In this quote the beard is represented as a dressing of feathers, fitting comfortably with academic impressions of
Mesoamerican art. The connotation of the word 'beard' by Spanish colonizers was a foundation for embellishment and fabrication of an original European influence in Mesoamerica.
259:
and several other deities from
Central and South American pantheons, Bochica is described in legends as being bearded. The beard, once mistaken as a mark of a prehistoric European influence and quickly fueled and embellished by spirits of the colonial era, had its single significance in the
280:
Immediately he made him his green mask; he took red color with which he made the lips russet; he took yellow to make the facade; and he made the fangs; continuing, he made his beard of feathers..." (
987:
954:
296:
There have been questions on the authenticity of the preserved stories, and to what level they have been corrupted by the beliefs and imagery incorporated by
Spanish Christian
1011:
1084:
1077:
2191:
2238:
1070:
1509:
1909:
722:
2213:
1941:
944:
2323:
1380:
1348:
925:
321:, where they lived. Upon appealing for aid from their hero, Bochica returned on a rainbow and with a strike from his staff, created the
1966:
2171:
1028:
617:
2016:
1060:
533:
1681:
1288:
2223:
2205:
2248:
1869:
1808:
587:
558:
212:
2119:
883:
2228:
2218:
1936:
1162:
2099:
1796:
209:
2134:
2124:
1874:
1823:
2328:
2261:
1828:
1667:
1931:
610:
2271:
1838:
1926:
1889:
1864:
996:
450:
264:
is a very important early source which is particularly valuable for having been originally written in
2266:
2129:
227:
of their civilization, who according to legend brought morals and laws to the people and taught them
2233:
868:
205:
88:
2069:
2064:
1843:
1599:
939:
1491:
1297:
1206:
739:
729:
333:
1879:
1848:
2094:
2059:
603:
2256:
2114:
2054:
1946:
1335:
521:
411:
2104:
2089:
1305:
379:
1894:
1310:
932:
760:
318:
2333:
2318:
2079:
1423:
1150:
692:
506:
313:. When the Muisca later forsook the teachings of Bochica and turned to a life of excess, a
49:
2039:
528:(in Spanish), Bogotá, Colombia: Plaza & Janes Editores Colombia S.A., pp. 1–219,
341:
8:
2149:
2049:
2044:
893:
662:
355:
143:
1981:
1833:
1320:
775:
657:
314:
228:
2084:
812:
526:
Mitos y leyendas indĂgenas de
Colombia — Indigenous myths and legends of Colombia
1751:
1723:
1315:
1239:
1045:
972:
583:
579:
554:
542:
529:
510:
462:
419:
2024:
1921:
1884:
1224:
920:
382:
would be erected and religious festivities organised around the arrival of
Bochica.
344:
where the people showed him hospitability. He retreated in the Toya cave where many
2109:
1690:
1401:
1387:
707:
702:
672:
322:
1325:
903:
2297:
2034:
1529:
755:
717:
712:
677:
550:
197:
35:
1343:
949:
878:
359:
2029:
1899:
1769:
1741:
1731:
1703:
1698:
1355:
1126:
913:
734:
687:
682:
252:
2139:
2312:
2154:
2144:
1976:
1916:
1759:
1630:
1102:
770:
466:
423:
244:
201:
98:
514:
1736:
1713:
1708:
1534:
1365:
1360:
1214:
1096:
977:
898:
790:
697:
371:
256:
224:
78:
1444:
820:
391:
2074:
1971:
1764:
1449:
1439:
1370:
1264:
908:
888:
780:
1659:
1519:
835:
2181:
1904:
1640:
1625:
1269:
1254:
1244:
1035:
667:
367:
297:
232:
1259:
825:
1635:
1454:
1417:
1375:
1279:
1249:
1091:
370:
and others consulted
Bochica. After the supreme being of the Muisca,
248:
1617:
1524:
1219:
1023:
337:
1563:
1558:
1550:
802:
375:
220:
1585:
1577:
1018:
346:
310:
265:
1645:
1138:
1065:
765:
626:
412:"Exceso de agua y falta de sol: la diosa Bachué de Rómulo Rozo"
153:
133:
123:
1229:
1545:
1504:
830:
796:
785:
363:
329:
269:
216:
173:
163:
113:
1612:
309:
and other crafts before leaving for the west to live as an
43:
595:
300:and monks who first chronicled the native legends.
16:
Mythological figure of the Muisca (Chibcha) culture
325:, through which the floodwaters could drain away.
260:continentally insular culture of Mesoamerica. The
2310:
573:
500:
276:describes the attire of Quetzalcoatl at Tula:
611:
409:
2005:
1807:
520:
435:
433:
1480:
1195:
618:
604:
541:
451:"La manta Muisca como objeto de evocaciĂłn"
42:
857:
501:Herrmann, Paul; Bullock, Michael (1954),
430:
378:the city became a sacred place where the
2311:
547:The Golden Dream: Seekers of El Dorado
2004:
1794:
1479:
1194:
856:
639:
599:
2324:Pre-Columbian mythology and religion
1795:
410:Goyes Narváez, Julio César (2016).
13:
567:
14:
2345:
416:Trama y fondo: Revista de cultura
2293:
2292:
1967:Conquest of the Chibchan Nations
1278:
574:Flagg Cotterell, Arthur (1986),
293:gave themselves and their gods.
576:A Dictionary of World Mythology
494:
2262:Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso
488:Ocampo LĂłpez, 2013, Ch.5, p.37
482:
473:
442:
403:
238:
1:
1942:Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela
448:
397:
1668:Diego de Torres y Moyachoque
7:
2267:Archaeology Museum of Pasca
479:Hermann & Bullock, 1954
385:
10:
2350:
2272:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1937:Ortún Velázquez de Velasco
1875:Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano
761:Battle of Chocontá (~1490)
640:
625:
208:during the arrival of the
2288:
2247:
2204:
2163:
2015:
2011:
2000:
1982:Battle of Tocarema (1538)
1959:
1932:Miguel HolguĂn y Figueroa
1857:
1816:
1803:
1790:
1750:
1722:
1689:
1680:
1654:
1610:
1598:
1572:
1543:
1502:
1490:
1486:
1475:
1432:
1409:
1400:
1334:
1296:
1287:
1276:
1205:
1201:
1190:
1112:
1044:
995:
986:
965:
956:Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley
867:
863:
852:
811:
748:
650:
646:
635:
303:
219:highlands of present-day
169:
159:
149:
139:
129:
119:
109:
104:
94:
84:
74:
56:
41:
33:
26:
21:
2234:University of Pittsburgh
2229:Universidad La Javeriana
2224:Universidad de los Andes
2006:Research and collections
350:visited him for wisdom.
206:Altiplano Cundiboyacense
89:Altiplano Cundiboyacense
28:Education, messenger god
1890:Hernán Venegas Carrillo
1865:Antonio DĂaz de Cardoso
1481:Caciques and neighbours
756:Battle of Pasca (~1470)
553:Press, pp. 98–99,
48:Monument to Bochica in
1977:Conquest of the Panche
1960:Neighbouring conquests
1196:Religion and mythology
286:
268:, the language of the
235:, including textiles.
1839:Gonzalo Suárez Rendón
858:Geography and history
507:Harper & Brothers
449:S, Martha Fernández.
282:Anales de Cuauhtitlan
278:
274:Anales de Cuauhtitlan
262:Anales de Cuauhtitlan
196:) is a figure in the
2219:Universidad Nacional
1972:Conquest of the Muzo
1880:Gonzalo GarcĂa Zorro
1433:Mythological figures
1424:Monster of Lake Tota
1151:Muisca Confederation
582:Press, p. 204,
328:Bochica appeared in
204:, who inhabited the
184:(also alluded to as
2329:Primordial teachers
2206:Research institutes
1947:Pedro RuĂz Corredor
160:Egyptian equivalent
150:Buddhism equivalent
110:Etruscan equivalent
1927:MartĂn Yañéz Tafur
1895:Juan de AlbarracĂn
1870:Antonio de Lebrija
1849:Juan de San MartĂn
1834:Baltasar Maldonado
1824:Gonzalo de Quesada
1321:Goranchacha Temple
966:Neighbouring areas
545:, Robert (1996) ,
509:, pp. 1–186,
319:Savannah of Bogotá
2306:
2305:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2130:Reichel-Dolmatoff
1996:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1955:
1954:
1829:Hernán de Quesada
1786:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1676:
1675:
1594:
1593:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1396:
1395:
1316:Cojines del Zaque
1186:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1061:Piedras del Tunjo
945:Flora & fauna
848:
847:
844:
843:
580:Oxford University
535:978-958-14-1416-1
524:, Javier (2013),
380:Temple of the Sun
243:Similarly to the
179:
178:
170:Celtic equivalent
2341:
2296:
2295:
2197:
2187:
2177:
2013:
2012:
2002:
2001:
1912:
1844:Juan de CĂ©spedes
1814:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1797:Spanish conquest
1792:
1791:
1752:Cariban-speaking
1691:Chibcha-speaking
1687:
1686:
1608:
1607:
1512:
1500:
1499:
1488:
1487:
1477:
1476:
1407:
1406:
1388:Tequendama Falls
1383:
1351:
1294:
1293:
1282:
1203:
1202:
1192:
1191:
1171:
1159:
1147:
1135:
1120:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1054:
1051:10,000 - 2800 BP
1031:
1014:
1005:
993:
992:
957:
928:
865:
864:
854:
853:
725:
648:
647:
637:
636:
629:
620:
613:
606:
597:
596:
592:
563:
538:
517:
489:
486:
480:
477:
471:
470:
446:
440:
439:Silverberg, 1996
437:
428:
427:
407:
323:Tequendama Falls
140:Roman equivalent
130:Hindu equivalent
120:Greek equivalent
46:
19:
18:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2276:
2243:
2200:
2195:
2185:
2175:
2159:
2007:
1988:
1951:
1910:
1853:
1799:
1774:
1746:
1724:Arawak-speaking
1718:
1672:
1650:
1590:
1568:
1539:
1530:Quemuenchatocha
1510:
1482:
1459:
1428:
1392:
1381:
1349:
1330:
1283:
1274:
1197:
1174:
1165:
1153:
1141:
1129:
1114:
1108:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1048:
1040:
1029:
1012:
999:
982:
961:
955:
926:
870:
859:
840:
813:The Salt People
807:
744:
723:
642:
631:
627:
624:
590:
570:
568:Further reading
561:
551:Ohio University
536:
503:Conquest by Man
497:
492:
487:
483:
478:
474:
447:
443:
438:
431:
408:
404:
400:
388:
306:
241:
215:in the central
52:
36:Muisca religion
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2347:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2188:
2178:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2050:De Castellanos
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2009:
2008:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1922:MartĂn Galeano
1919:
1914:
1907:
1902:
1900:Juan del Junco
1897:
1892:
1887:
1885:Gonzalo MacĂas
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1820:
1818:
1811:
1801:
1800:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1728:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1695:
1693:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1620:
1605:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1516:
1514:
1497:
1484:
1483:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1413:
1411:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1346:
1340:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1199:
1198:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1160:
1148:
1136:
1123:
1121:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1008:
1006:
990:
984:
983:
981:
980:
975:
969:
967:
963:
962:
960:
959:
952:
947:
942:
937:
936:
935:
930:
921:Bogotá savanna
918:
917:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
875:
873:
871:Cundiboyacense
861:
860:
850:
849:
846:
845:
842:
841:
839:
838:
833:
828:
823:
817:
815:
809:
808:
806:
805:
800:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
752:
750:
746:
745:
743:
742:
737:
732:
727:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
654:
652:
644:
643:
633:
632:
623:
622:
615:
608:
600:
594:
593:
588:
569:
566:
565:
564:
559:
539:
534:
518:
496:
493:
491:
490:
481:
472:
461:(9): 285–296.
457:(in Spanish).
441:
429:
401:
399:
396:
395:
394:
387:
384:
305:
302:
240:
237:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
58:
54:
53:
47:
39:
38:
31:
30:
27:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2346:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2299:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2257:Museo del Oro
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:De Piedrahita
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2030:Acosta Samper
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2003:
1999:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1917:Luis Lanchero
1915:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1809:Conquistadors
1806:
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225:founding hero
223:. He was the
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2164:Publications
1911:Lázaro Fonte
1655:
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1601:
1573:
1544:
1535:Aquiminzaque
1503:
1493:
1416:
1289:Sacred sites
1234:
1215:Chiminigagua
1167:
1156:~1450 - 1540
1155:
1143:
1139:Early Muisca
1132:800 BC - 800
1131:
1116:
1101:
1097:Lake Herrera
1050:
1001:
978:Tenza Valley
973:Ocetá Páramo
950:Suárez River
879:Bogotá River
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663:Architecture
575:
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522:Ocampo LĂłpez
502:
495:Bibliography
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372:Chiminigagua
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334:Cundinamarca
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298:missionaries
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257:Quetzalcoatl
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95:Ethnic group
79:Chiminigagua
68:
64:
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2334:Flood myths
2319:Muisca gods
2249:Collections
1450:Pacanchique
1440:Goranchacha
1311:Moon Temple
1265:Chibafruime
781:Muisca raft
658:Agriculture
284:, 1975, 9.)
239:Description
229:agriculture
105:Equivalents
75:Affiliation
57:Other names
2313:Categories
2182:El Carnero
2150:Uricoechea
2125:De Quesada
1905:Juan Tafur
1682:Neighbours
1641:Tisquesusa
1626:Meicuchuca
1306:Sun Temple
1270:Guahaioque
1255:Nencatacoa
1245:Chibchacum
1144:800 - 1200
1117:>800 BC
1036:Tequendama
997:Prehistory
927:Suba Hills
703:Muysccubun
543:Silverberg
398:References
368:Firavitoba
231:and other
190:Nemqueteba
186:Nemquetaha
65:Nemqueteba
61:Nemquetaha
34:Member of
2135:Schrimpff
2105:Langebaek
2100:Izquierdo
2045:Broadbent
2035:De Aguado
1636:Nemequene
1600:Southern
1492:Northern
1455:Thomagata
1445:Idacansás
1418:El Dorado
1402:Mythology
1356:Guatavita
1250:Cuchavira
1092:Aguazuque
869:Altiplano
821:Zipaquirá
708:Mythology
673:Astronomy
467:2462-8115
424:1137-4802
392:Idacansás
249:Viracocha
2298:Category
2095:Humboldt
2065:Duquesne
2017:Scholars
1660:Turmequé
1602:caciques
1564:Sugamuxi
1559:Nompanim
1520:HunzahĂşa
1494:caciques
1168:>2002
1113:Ceramic
933:Wetlands
914:Tunjuelo
836:Sesquilé
803:Zoratama
776:Emeralds
749:Specific
730:Toponyms
718:Religion
713:Numerals
678:Calendar
515:41501509
386:See also
376:Sugamuxi
352:Caciques
347:caciques
221:Colombia
198:religion
2192:EpĂtome
2172:ElegĂas
2110:De Lugo
2060:Correal
1770:Yarigui
1742:Guayupe
1732:Achagua
1704:Sutagao
1656:cacique
1586:Tundama
1574:cacique
1361:Iguaque
1344:FĂşquene
1336:Natural
1260:Chaquén
1240:Huitaca
1235:Bochica
1207:Deities
1127:Herrera
1086:Sáchica
1079:NemocĂłn
1072:Galindo
1019:El Abra
988:History
904:Teusacá
826:NemocĂłn
735:Warfare
724:Society
688:Economy
683:Cuisine
651:General
311:ascetic
266:Nahuatl
210:Spanish
200:of the
194:Sadigua
182:Bochica
144:Mercury
69:Sadigua
50:CuĂtiva
22:Bochica
2196:(1889)
2186:(1638)
2176:(1589)
2145:Triana
2115:Ocampo
2090:Hammen
2080:Gamboa
2075:Friede
2070:Freyle
2040:Arango
2025:Acosta
1760:Panche
1646:Sagipa
1618:Bacatá
1551:Suamox
1525:Michuá
1382:Ubaque
1371:Suesca
1366:Siecha
1350:Guasca
1220:Bachué
1066:Checua
1046:Lithic
1024:TibitĂł
899:Soacha
766:Chicha
641:Topics
628:Muisca
586:
557:
532:
513:
465:
422:
356:TĂłpaga
342:Boyacá
338:Gámeza
304:Legend
272:. The
251:, the
233:crafts
217:Andean
202:Muisca
154:Buddha
134:Narada
124:Hermes
99:Muisca
85:Region
2214:ICANH
2155:Zerda
2140:SimĂłn
2085:Groot
2055:Celis
1858:Minor
1817:Major
1737:Tegua
1714:Lache
1709:Guane
1546:iraca
1511:Hunza
1505:zaque
1410:Myths
1298:Built
1030:Sueva
909:Torca
889:Fucha
831:Tausa
797:Tunjo
786:Ruana
740:Women
698:Music
455:Kepes
364:Pesca
354:from
330:Pasca
315:flood
270:Aztec
253:Aztec
245:Incan
174:Lugus
164:Thoth
114:Turms
2239:UPTC
1765:Muzo
1699:U'wa
1613:zipa
1376:Tota
1225:ChĂa
884:FrĂo
791:Tejo
771:Duit
584:ISBN
555:ISBN
530:ISBN
511:OCLC
463:ISSN
420:ISSN
360:Tota
255:god
247:god
192:and
1658:of
1616:of
1576:of
1549:of
1508:of
1230:Sué
668:Art
332:in
2315::
578:,
549:,
505:,
459:10
453:.
432:^
414:.
366:,
362:,
358:,
340:,
188:,
67:,
63:,
1170:)
1166:(
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1154:(
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1142:(
1134:)
1130:(
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1115:(
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1049:(
1004:)
1000:(
619:e
612:t
605:v
469:.
426:.
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