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in their Codes of
Recommendations for the Welfare of Livestock: Laying Hens, states: "The Welfare of Livestock (Prohibited Operations) Regulations 1982 (S.I. 1982 No.1884) prohibits ...the fitting of any appliance which has the object or effect of limiting vision to a bird by a method involving
67:
which have transparent lenses. Blinders work by reducing the accuracy of pecking at the feathers or body of another bird, rather than spectacles which have coloured lenses and allow the bird to see forwards but alter the perceived colour, particularly of blood. Blinders are held in position with a
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Studies on pin-less blinders indicate these devices are at least temporarily distressful to the birds. In pheasants, fitting blinders causes an increase in head shaking and scratching, and increases in damage to the beak and nostrils of the bird. Fitting pin-less blinders to laying hens leads to
80:. They can be made of metal (aluminium), neoprene or plastic, and are often brightly coloured making it easy to identify birds which have lost the device. Some versions have a hole in the centre of each of the blinders, thereby allowing restricted forward vision.
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Arbi, A., Cumming, R.B. and
Wodzicka-Tomaszewska., M., (1983). Effects of vision restricting "polpeepers" on the behaviour of laying hens during adaptation, feeding, on general activity, agonistic behaviour and pecking damage. British Poultry Science, 24:
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Blinders which require a pin to pierce the nasal septum and hold the device in position almost certainly cause pain to the bird. In the UK, the use of these devices is illegal on welfare grounds. The
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Robinson, D., (1979). Effects of cage shape, colony size, floor area and cannibalism preventatives on laying performance. British
Poultry Science, 20: 345-356.
247:
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In laying hens, blinders have been shown to reduce feather pecking, improve food utilisation (due to less spillage) and increase egg production.
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for a month after fitting. In another study on laying hens, mortality was greater among hens wearing blinders compared to hens that had been
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In pheasants, blinders have been shown to reduce the incidence of birds pecking each other and damage to the feathers or skin.
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reduced activity, increased resting, adjustment problems in feeding, stereotypic head shaking and protracted
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and sometimes egg-eating. A patent for the devices was filed as early as 1935. They are used primarily for
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Department of
Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (July 2002).
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the penetration or other mutilation of the nasal septum."
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Overview of discretionary invasive procedures on animals
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101:Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
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517:European Union Council Directive 1999/74/EC
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142:Abnormal behaviour of birds in captivity
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322:1947 Paramount Newsreel about blinders
223:. See also however the earlier patent
22:"Device to prevent picking in poultry"
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583:Avian infectious laryngotracheitis
14:
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598:Histomoniasis (blackhead disease)
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643:Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome
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512:Abnormal behaviour in captivity
134:Agriculture and Agronomy portal
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72:arrangement or lugs into the
593:Avian sarcoma leukosis virus
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110:displacement neck preening
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665:Infectious bursal disease
654:Gallid alphaherpesvirus 3
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308:10.1080/00071667908416592
429:List of poultry feathers
720:Tibial dyschondroplasia
715:Squamous cell carcinoma
424:List of chicken colours
990:Organic egg production
925:Cannibalism in poultry
152:Cannibalism in poultry
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147:Blinkers (horse tack)
20:From the U.S. Patent
19:
1005:In the United States
628:Dermanyssus gallinae
930:Chicken eyeglasses
608:Campylobacteriosis
157:Chicken eyeglasses
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950:Chicken harvester
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690:Newcastle disease
670:Infectious coryza
164:and beak trimming
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31:, also known as
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902:Poultry farming
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680:Marek's disease
588:Avian influenza
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467:Chicken tractor
457:Furnished cages
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24:filed in 1935
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1259:Night-vision
1249:Fatal Vision
1239:Dark adaptor
1206:Solar viewer
1064:/ spectacles
945:Chicken coop
940:Chick sexing
919:
915:Battery cage
854:Goose breeds
811:Muscovy duck
652:
560:Rooster Flag
545:Cockfighting
497:Chick sexing
447:Battery cage
298:
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251:. Retrieved
209:
196:Vent pecking
183:
114:beak-trimmed
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78:nasal septum
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28:
27:
21:
1274:Upside down
1111:Horn-rimmed
910:Antibiotics
844:Duck breeds
700:Psittacosis
685:Mycoplasmas
633:Egg binding
618:Coccidiosis
613:Candidiasis
416:Terminology
253:21 December
186:(TV series)
61:laying hens
41:cannibalism
1342:Categories
1327:VR headset
1188:Sunglasses
985:Hock burns
965:Free range
796:Guineafowl
695:Omphalitis
638:Erysipelas
540:Cockatrice
452:Free range
366:As poultry
215:US 2079107
202:References
65:spectacles
45:game birds
1295:Blindfold
1234:Ballistic
1168:Trifocals
1138:Pince-nez
1121:Lorgnette
1051:Types of
955:Debeaking
887:Scaly leg
816:Puna ibis
710:Scaly leg
555:Sarimanok
439:Husbandry
226:US 730918
162:Debeaking
1317:Eyepatch
1216:Wayfarer
1201:Mirrored
1158:Shooting
1153:Scissors
1116:Lensless
1081:Browline
1076:Bifocals
980:Hatchery
920:Blinders
869:Diseases
705:Pullorum
660:Gapeworm
603:Botulism
570:Diseases
550:Kapparos
507:Candling
492:Hatchery
396:Poularde
120:See also
84:Benefits
49:pheasant
29:Blinders
1358:Eyewear
1312:Contact
1305:Blinker
1300:Blinder
1279:Welding
1269:Swedish
1254:Foggles
1244:Doggles
1226:Goggles
1211:Shutter
1196:Aviator
1173:Windsor
1148:Rimless
1143:Pinhole
1133:Monocle
1106:Groucho
1096:Chicken
1091:Cat eye
1086:Bug-eye
1062:glasses
1053:eyewear
1010:Yarding
882:Malaria
877:Fowlpox
781:Chicken
774:Species
767:Poultry
675:Malaria
648:Fowlpox
535:As pets
527:Culture
462:Yarding
406:Broiler
401:Poussin
374:As food
358:Chicken
271:371-381
168:Doggles
70:circlip
57:turkeys
33:peepers
831:Breeds
821:Turkey
386:Breeds
379:Dishes
231:
220:
1288:Other
1178:X-ray
1163:Smart
1126:Opera
1071:Belay
1060:(Eye)
791:Goose
623:Colds
391:Capon
292:: 21.
286:(PDF)
74:nares
53:quail
1264:Snow
786:Duck
255:2011
59:and
51:and
304:doi
1344::
1101:GI
288:.
263:^
239:^
116:.
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1037:t
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306::
257:.
234:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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