3215:
2638:
2587:
3515:
2975:
2618:
3460:
2601:
3573:
3549:
2997:
3481:
3498:
3532:
3444:
2065:
2262:
8193:
2251:
8082:
1811:
3173:
2944:
2215:
3412:
137:
49:
90:
2273:
2535:, sentenced Du five years of probation, four hundred hours of community service, and a $ 500 fine. The lenient response by the courts over the murder was one of the contributing factors to the 1992 Los Angeles riots. When four Los Angeles Police Department officers were acquitted of charges associated with the beating of Rodney King, the decision led to the
3204:
3109:. Mignon R. Moore, the author of "Black and Gay in L.A.: The Relationships Black Lesbians and Gay Men Have to Their Racial and Religious Communities," wrote that black LGBTQ+ people had a tendency to not have openness about their sexuality and to not discuss their sexuality, and also that "they were not a visible group in neighborhoods like
3428:
2840:
Many new
African American businesses appear in the Inland Empire, and many of these businesses have not been previously established elsewhere. The Inland Empire African American Chamber of Commerce began with six members in 1990 and the membership increased to 90 by 1996. According to Denise Hamilton
3151:
Blacks in Los
Angeles County are often affected by homelessness, poverty and incarceration due to discrimination. Anti-black hate crimes increased in Los Angeles in 2023. African Americans in Los Angeles are also more likely to be killed by police officers; with African Americans representing 24% of
2881:
In the 2000s, new black immigrants from Africa, the
Caribbean and the Americas have arrived in Los Angeles. Nigerians, Ethiopians, Ghanaians, Belizeans, Jamaicans, Haitians, and Trinidadians are clustered in African American neighborhoods in Los Angeles. In 2001, within the Los Angeles metropolitan
2922:
counties had black populations below 10%. From 1990 to 2010 the population of
Compton, previously African-American, changed to being about 66% Latino and Hispanic. The Black percentage of the population has declined in Los Angeles in 2017, possibly due to an increase of
3235:(born 1932), an attorney from Los Angeles, became the first African American woman in the California Legislature and in 1972 became the first African American woman elected to the U.S. Congress from the West Coast. She served in Congress from 1973 until the end of 1978.
2330:
attitudes and ideals with them. In 1850, twelve black people were registered as residents of Los
Angeles. Because many blacks were enslaved until the abolition of slavery occurred in 1865, few blacks migrated to Los Angeles before then. Due to the construction of the
3838:
2306:, California's last governor under Mexican rule, was of mixed Spanish, Native American, and African ancestry. Pico spent his last days in Los Angeles dying in 1894 at the home of his daughter Joaquina Pico Moreno in Los Angeles. He was buried in the old
6012:
3354:(1879–1961), police officer; she was the first black woman to be hired by the LAPD in 1919. She began as a volunteer jail matron, and was later hired as an official policewoman. Robinson worked mainly on juvenile cases and cases involving black women.
5899:
2425:
founded the Bessie
Coleman Aero Club. In 1931, Powell organized the first all-black air show in the United States for the Club in Los Angeles, an event that drew 15,000 visitors. Powell also established a school to train mechanics and pilots.
2714:(UCLA) associate professor of geography, stated that due to affordable housing, blacks tend to choose "what is called the balance of the counties" or cities neutral to the existing major cities. In the Inland Empire, blacks tended to move to
4989:
4447:
1746:
1633:
2171:
The Black population in Los
Angeles has declined since 2017, due to gentrification and more Latinos such as Mexicans and Central Americans moving to their neighborhoods. Many African-Americans from Los Angeles are moving to the
2530:
store owner named Soon Ja Du after being falsely accused of stealing in a store. A jury found Du guilty of voluntary manslaughter, an offense that carries a maximum prison sentence of 16-years. However, trial judge,
2521:
was beaten by police officers. His videotaped beating was controversial, and heightened racial tensions in Los
Angeles. Just 13 days after the videotaped beating of King, a 15-year-old African American girl named
5738:
5502:
2514:, a role he'd hold for 20 years. L.A.'s first African American mayor, Bradley served over five terms, prior to the establishment of successive term limits, making him the longest-serving mayor of Los Angeles.
4375:
2382:
in
California was established in Los Angeles in 1913. Housing segregation was a common practice in the early 20th century. Many private property deeds explicitly banned owners from selling to anyone but
7454:
7449:
3053:
community in Los
Angeles, and Islam has had a large influence on the African American population in California. African American make up around 15% of mosque attendants in Southern California in 2021.
2674:. Since then the Santa Barbara street was renamed Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. 98,685 blacks moved to Los Angeles in the period 1965 through 1970. During the same period 40,776 blacks moved out.
2586:
2480:
were triggered by the arrest of a 21-year-old black man named Marquette Frye at 116th Street and Avalon Boulevard for driving drunk. A torrent of built-up rage erupted in the streets of Watts and
2686:. Los Angeles had the west coast's largest black population. Between 1975 and 1980, 96,833 blacks moved to Los Angeles while 73,316 blacks left Los Angeles. Over 5,000 of the blacks moved to the
4979:
4892:
7461:
1618:
2335:
and a settlement increase in 1880, increasing numbers of blacks came to Los Angeles. By 1900, 2,131 African Americans, the second largest black population in California, lived in Los Angeles.
7202:
3139:
and Minneapolis, Minnesota. Little Ethiopia is the only area in the city to recognize the culture of the African continent. There are many Ethiopian restaurants in the neighborhood, serving
2346:, an African American nurse and a California real estate entrepreneur and philanthropist, and her son-in-law Charles Owens. The church now has a membership of more than 19,000 individuals.
4648:
4290:
4257:
2757:. Johnson stated that the areas from Fresno to Ventura are "areas that traditionally blacks haven't settled in". Many blacks leaving Los Angeles who also California moved to cities in the
1550:
1628:
7466:
1613:
4190:
2809:
In the late 1990s, many African Americans moved away from the traditional African Americans neighborhoods, which overall reduced the black population of the City of Los Angeles and
4226:
2378:
meant that Los Angeles had a relatively high African American population for a city in the Western United States; in 1910 it had 7,599 African Americans. The first branch of the
2473:
became police chief in 1952. He largely refused to hire black police officers. During most of his tenure, those already on the force were prohibited from having white partners.
266:
4675:
4499:
7137:
912:
4612:
3937:
11084:
2485:
325:
277:
62:
5710:
5494:
1623:
1575:
5261:
1585:
1580:
5051:
2851:, black business people say." During the 1990s, the black population of the Moreno Valley increased by 27,500, and by 1996 13% of Moreno Valley was African American.
2600:
8552:
1851:
1595:
8688:
4365:
8631:
3259:(1926–2012), teacher and politician, the first African American to serve in the California State Senate. He went on to be elected as Lieutenant Governor in 1974.
2339:
2265:
1565:
2484:. An investigating commission found that the African American citizens had been denied respect and endured substandard housing, education and medical care. The
8119:
7987:
7982:
7531:
6263:
6120:
4849:
2463:
Areas in Los Angeles that were once predominantly white, such as South Central Los Angeles, Watts, and Compton became predominantly African American after the
468:
3288:
and businessmen; in 1981 he signed a 25-year, $ 25-million contract with the Lakers, which was the highest-paying contract in sports history up to that point.
2503:. Over 100,000 black residents of Los Angeles attended this concert for African American pride. Later, in 1973, a documentary was released about the concert.
111:
9774:
7794:
7666:
6251:
1500:
1490:
309:
4697:
2051:
1570:
247:
9900:
9890:
9850:
3965:
1560:
1555:
11228:
8303:
6361:
5810:
Moore, Mignon R. "Black and Gay in L.A.: The Relationships Black Lesbians and Gay Men Have to Their Racial and Religious Communities" (Chapter 7). In:
5287:
4872:
3736:
3813:
2452:, who left segregated Southern states in search of better opportunities in California. The African American population significantly increased in the
11079:
6950:
6085:
5684:
5404:
5123:
3904:
1590:
1470:
11310:
7444:
6017:
68:
5622:
8142:
7992:
7232:
4960:
4638:
4280:
4249:
1906:
786:
4431:
10774:
8061:
8036:
1825:
1726:
473:
345:
199:
10917:
9534:
8545:
8046:
8041:
6973:
6421:
4157:
2978:
1844:
3336:(1922–1979), jazz musician; was born in Los Angeles and raised largely in the Watts area; he recorded in a band in Los Angeles in the 1940s.
2617:
10826:
8366:
7762:
7598:
7307:
7297:
6955:
6945:
4180:
3711:
3601:
3276:
2682:
In 1970, there were 763,000 African Americans in Los Angeles. They were the second largest minority group after the then estimated 815,000
2176:. Including partly Black people, Los Angeles proper is 10% Black (estimated 385,000 residents in 2021). Many African Americans have become
1886:
1780:
1760:
1520:
1012:
997:
484:
17:
10980:
8698:
8666:
8596:
8371:
8283:
8147:
7804:
5152:
4472:
3721:
3716:
3691:
3656:
3651:
3514:
1981:
1951:
1916:
1525:
38:
6013:#blackhistory: In February, 1781, settlers of African, Indian, and Spanish ancestry set out for what will become Los Angeles from Mexico
5524:
4218:
4124:
11305:
8112:
8024:
6968:
6963:
5586:
4718:
4106:
2721:
Of the blacks who left the City of Los Angeles between 1975 and 1980 who moved away from the Los Angeles area, over 5,000 moved to the
2663:
2402:
791:
252:
3786:
3380:(born 1981), tennis player; she was raised in Los Angeles, and in 2002 she became the Women's Tennis Association's World No. 1 player.
2005:
98:
11184:
11162:
9843:
7683:
7187:
6296:
4671:
4491:
4313:
3160:
African American neighborhoods in South Los Angeles have been gentrified. Many Latinos have moved to their historical neighborhoods.
2433:
1455:
1332:
366:
8716:
5772:
1995:
11214:
11174:
11089:
8956:
8616:
8570:
8538:
8031:
7661:
7182:
6404:
6236:
2044:
1837:
1775:
1540:
1495:
5305:
4408:
3184:
2955:
2226:
8998:
8840:
8815:
8683:
7997:
7957:
7799:
7703:
7632:
7237:
5074:
3751:
2414:
1976:
1946:
1741:
1485:
1480:
1465:
4914:
3869:
9025:
8656:
8636:
8626:
8591:
8359:
8293:
8056:
8051:
8019:
7789:
7693:
7656:
7603:
7437:
3741:
3726:
2010:
1966:
1460:
1445:
1352:
157:
4576:
3851:
3072:
There are many black gangs in Los Angeles. Black gangs emerged in the late 1940s to the early 1970s. The most notable are the
11062:
11025:
10017:
8961:
8611:
8105:
8014:
7972:
7784:
6332:
6198:
6193:
6078:
6054:
5980:
5360:
4441:
1901:
1412:
489:
478:
340:
294:
289:
262:
11034:
8932:
8731:
8661:
8646:
7962:
7947:
7811:
7720:
7715:
7649:
6110:
5043:
4933:
2711:
2307:
1941:
1515:
1475:
1417:
1372:
232:
2413:
was integrated. The listing on the National Register notes, "All-black fire stations were simultaneous representations of
11199:
10001:
9231:
9224:
9157:
8944:
8830:
8671:
7937:
7774:
7744:
7526:
7105:
6317:
5550:
3686:
3214:
2637:
2037:
1402:
1382:
1227:
796:
642:
5979:(Volume 3 of A CAAS monograph series, Volume 3 of Afro-American culture and society). Center for Afro-American Studies,
3918:
9052:
8949:
8927:
8746:
8606:
8509:
8437:
8376:
8308:
8288:
8152:
7927:
7821:
7737:
7581:
7362:
7162:
6313:
6291:
5183:
3731:
3681:
3621:
3591:
2993:
to be established in the city was First African Methodist Episcopal Church (FAME) which was organized in the year 1872.
2624:
2470:
2391:
2020:
1956:
1920:
1910:
1530:
1510:
1064:
929:
361:
6023:
3771:
3459:
11179:
10910:
9930:
8783:
8726:
8678:
8601:
8561:
8074:
6464:
6115:
4886:
4348:
4253:
4001:
3823:
3796:
3418:
2986:
2915:
2818:
2507:
2406:
410:
242:
182:
153:
76:
5438:
5332:
4845:
4077:
3531:
3480:
2398:
was the heart of the African American community in Los Angeles, with active rhythm and blues and jazz music scenes.
10970:
10819:
8862:
8820:
8805:
8621:
8002:
7967:
7952:
7710:
7312:
6556:
6526:
6342:
6071:
4522:
1820:
1756:
1367:
1017:
430:
330:
5209:
11119:
10879:
8872:
8810:
8009:
7932:
7727:
7571:
7302:
7167:
6872:
6511:
3616:
3229:(born 1988), singer of African American, Japanese, Dominican, Spanish, Native American and German-Jewish descent.
2375:
1322:
1189:
1007:
934:
5657:
5169:
10985:
8917:
8892:
8773:
8693:
8586:
8278:
7779:
7673:
7588:
7192:
5988:
5969:
5950:
5942:
5931:
5923:
5912:
5891:
5872:
5864:
5846:
5827:
4878:
4018:
3966:"West Los Angeles News - L.A. County's "State of Black Los Angeles" Report Highlights Disparities in Community"
3611:
2025:
1896:
1891:
1731:
1407:
1357:
8192:
3152:
law enforcement killings, from 2000 to 2023. Racial violence against black women in Los Angeles remains high.
11278:
11194:
11069:
10453:
8753:
8721:
8708:
7816:
7749:
7732:
7678:
7627:
7566:
7471:
7432:
7372:
7172:
6561:
6541:
6348:
6327:
2500:
1422:
1392:
1377:
1362:
1337:
1317:
939:
573:
440:
2847:, as of 1996 "there has been no large-scale migration from the traditional black business districts such as
2187:
Blacks in Los Angeles have a lower life expectancy and die younger than other racial groups in Los Angeles.
2071:, California's last governor under Mexican rule, was of mixed Spanish, Native American, and African ancestry
10990:
10903:
10523:
8825:
8758:
8651:
8207:
8128:
7639:
7615:
7610:
7593:
7561:
7504:
6617:
6566:
6399:
3696:
3661:
3646:
3606:
3596:
3586:
3126:
2911:
2829:. From 1980 to 1990 the Inland Empire had the United States' fastest-growing black population. Between the
2814:
2395:
2125:
2105:
Contributions to the city’s culture have particularly been in music, dance, visual arts, stage, and film.
1931:
1872:
1450:
1342:
1327:
1312:
1279:
578:
257:
34:
5466:
4802:
3894:
11253:
11189:
11124:
11094:
10812:
10789:
10764:
10560:
8897:
7904:
7896:
7839:
7754:
7242:
7147:
7003:
6985:
6887:
6546:
6516:
6241:
6161:
6140:
5234:
4826:
3641:
3548:
3089:
2651:
2410:
2327:
2310:
in downtown Los Angeles. His brothers and their descendants were also early influencers in the same era.
1673:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1397:
869:
660:
630:
568:
517:
445:
335:
30:
4776:
4052:
2190:
Los Angeles also has a sizable East African and black immigrant population. Los Angeles has the largest
11204:
11167:
10545:
8768:
7922:
7859:
7849:
7399:
7157:
7117:
6474:
6168:
5961:
5904:
4934:"In L.A.'s historic African American core, a growing Latino wave represents a possible 'turning point'"
3636:
3578:
3497:
2919:
2887:
2691:
2659:
2523:
1688:
1668:
1171:
1106:
879:
781:
748:
535:
420:
3094:
In 2007, 4% of African American adults in Los Angeles County identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual.
11248:
11139:
11018:
10769:
10736:
10380:
9860:
9458:
7831:
7644:
7476:
7037:
6536:
6374:
6181:
5013:"Gangsta Rap, the War on Drugs and the Location of African-American Identity in Los Angeles, 1988?92"
4748:
4311:
3218:
2907:
2899:
2878:
In the 2019 census, 8% of the Los Angeles County population identified as black or African American.
2766:
2746:
2543:
1643:
1387:
1347:
636:
3443:
3427:
3294:(also known as Flo-Jo; 1959–1998), track and field hurdle athlete; she won three gold medals at the
11157:
10950:
10784:
10759:
9543:
9390:
9112:
9062:
9008:
8800:
7521:
7085:
6998:
6642:
6431:
6246:
6186:
6176:
6102:
5900:
The Shifting Grounds of Race: Black and Japanese Americans in the Making of Multiethnic Los Angeles
3746:
3291:
3253:(1922–1965), the first black actress to be nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress in 1954.
3050:
2707:
1936:
1222:
1002:
849:
733:
507:
388:
216:
4149:
2854:
In the 1990s many African Americans moved to cities and areas in north Los Angeles County such as
11057:
10721:
10328:
9870:
9040:
8976:
8262:
8217:
7854:
7404:
7058:
7027:
6807:
6747:
6612:
6355:
5098:
4613:"Column: Black people make up 8% of L.A. population and 34% of its homeless. That's unacceptable"
4314:"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form for Fire Station #30, Engine Company #30"
3938:"Column: Black people make up 8% of L.A. population and 34% of its homeless. That's unacceptable"
3434:
3232:
2837:, the black population increased by 119%. As of 1990 the Inland Empire had 169,128 black people.
2750:
2671:
2492:
opened in 1972 as a response to the area having inadequate and insufficient hospital facilities.
2489:
2080:
1961:
1736:
1678:
1141:
1101:
824:
723:
601:
415:
103:
4250:"Inglewood Today: The History of South Central Los Angeles and Its Struggle with Gentrification"
3008:
formed in the late 1990s and are a group of friends from childhood who use horseback riding and
2650:
Philip Garcia, a population specialist and the assistant director of institutional research for
2354:
Between the 1890s and 1910, African Americans migrated to Los Angeles from Southern places like
11074:
11052:
10508:
9067:
8922:
8793:
7769:
7499:
6737:
6531:
6521:
6459:
6269:
6208:
4181:"L.A.'s land use rules were born out of racism and segregation. They're not worth fighting for"
3706:
3370:(1894–1980), architect; Williams became a certified architect in 1921, and the first certified
3102:
3097:
Most Black LGBTQIA+ persons live in Black neighborhoods. Of black LGBTQ+ persons, 38% lived in
2867:
2758:
2536:
2453:
2371:
2289:
2173:
2015:
1926:
435:
425:
405:
5759:
5149:
4338:
3991:
2974:
11263:
11258:
11129:
11104:
10945:
10688:
10605:
10570:
10565:
10466:
9925:
9895:
9625:
9588:
9510:
9358:
9353:
8966:
8867:
8641:
8333:
7844:
7357:
7222:
7177:
6993:
6712:
6677:
6496:
6479:
6286:
6203:
5999:
5385:
4726:
4547:
2891:
2863:
2859:
2848:
2703:
2687:
2281:
1059:
1049:
981:
944:
728:
718:
618:
299:
6018:
Impacting Black History: Black People Make Up 8% Of L.A. Population And 34% Of Its Homeless.
4103:
11243:
11238:
11152:
11114:
11109:
11099:
11011:
10965:
10960:
10935:
10859:
10854:
10844:
10678:
10668:
10658:
10648:
10600:
10491:
10486:
10481:
10471:
9910:
9875:
9865:
9702:
9520:
9490:
9444:
9310:
9285:
9107:
9045:
8937:
8086:
7494:
7257:
7068:
7020:
6892:
6782:
6687:
6454:
6444:
6416:
6281:
6135:
3882:
3676:
3351:
3311:
3305:
3295:
3207:
3106:
3061:
2855:
2734:
2607:
2511:
2323:
1815:
1267:
512:
304:
237:
4320:
2120:. There are sizable African immigrant communities in Greater Los Angeles. There is also a
8:
11283:
11268:
11209:
11147:
10955:
10874:
10869:
10673:
10643:
10633:
10623:
10503:
10397:
9996:
9989:
9967:
9945:
9940:
9828:
9749:
9568:
9505:
9475:
9427:
9417:
9370:
9346:
9300:
9295:
9143:
9013:
8971:
8902:
8887:
8882:
8778:
8338:
8328:
7869:
7227:
7142:
6622:
6411:
6301:
6231:
3899:
3132:
3017:
2883:
2754:
2722:
2699:
2695:
2191:
1971:
1683:
1161:
1123:
540:
371:
7874:
4492:"Latasha Harlins' Death Fueled the 1991 LA Riots. A New Documentary Celebrates Her Life"
4340:
Mexicano and Latino Politics and the Quest for Self-Determination: What Needs to Be Done
3411:
3027:, particularly in the early years between 1988 until 1992. African Americans influenced
1166:
10975:
10940:
10884:
10864:
10849:
10696:
10663:
10653:
10628:
10537:
10476:
10461:
10446:
9915:
9885:
9813:
9791:
9759:
9737:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9669:
9630:
9620:
9615:
9578:
9553:
9480:
9422:
9385:
9334:
9329:
9201:
9194:
9179:
9162:
9138:
9117:
9102:
9092:
9077:
9057:
9035:
8981:
8912:
8877:
7942:
7879:
7622:
7080:
6847:
6827:
6732:
6657:
6484:
6389:
6379:
6367:
6258:
6155:
6130:
5939:
L.A. City Limits: African American Los Angeles from the Great Depression to the Present
5838:
5627:
5591:
5555:
4984:
4581:
4398:
3922:
3285:
3272:
3110:
3060:
murals dedicated to African Americans in the city such as the Crenshaw Wall located in
3028:
2903:
2902:
have the lowest concentrations of blacks. As of 2001, in the majority of cities within
2895:
2810:
2742:
2738:
2715:
2667:
2532:
2199:
1054:
839:
606:
583:
272:
5977:
The UNIA and Black Los Angeles: ideology and community in the American Garvey movement
4961:"Will the Circle be Unbroken?: Gospel Roots: African American Churches in Los Angeles"
4698:"Black L.A. Residents have highest COVID hospitalization rate: 'A deplorable reality'"
4312:
Teresa Grimes and Jay Fantone, Christopher A. Joseph & Associates (June 1, 2008).
2996:
150:
Seems like there is a much greater story to tell than this article currently suggests.
11273:
10754:
10638:
10580:
10513:
9972:
9957:
9950:
9920:
9880:
9855:
9838:
9796:
9764:
9754:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9657:
9652:
9645:
9635:
9573:
9558:
9500:
9495:
9463:
9432:
9395:
9380:
9363:
9322:
9290:
9268:
9241:
9189:
9087:
9082:
9072:
9030:
9018:
8907:
8857:
8467:
8318:
7389:
7110:
6772:
6742:
6337:
6094:
6050:
5984:
5965:
5946:
5927:
5908:
5887:
5868:
5842:
5823:
5782:
5777:
5730:
5632:
5596:
5560:
5471:
5443:
5412:
5134:
5012:
4919:
4882:
4831:
4807:
4781:
4753:
4702:
4643:
4586:
4437:
4403:
4370:
4344:
4285:
4185:
4027:
4022:
3997:
3942:
3819:
3792:
3701:
3250:
3140:
3098:
2843:
2683:
2655:
2569:
people in Los Angeles are African Americans despite being only 8% of the population.
2481:
2422:
2332:
2319:
2133:
2121:
2109:
859:
700:
207:
10370:
10184:
8530:
3870:"This is a Black Neighborhood. You Aren't Black. | There Goes the Neighborhood"
3012:
culture to provide a positive influence on inner-city youth, and to combat negative
1239:
11233:
10590:
10585:
10575:
10555:
10234:
10112:
10032:
9962:
9935:
9905:
9818:
9801:
9779:
9697:
9608:
9603:
9593:
9529:
9437:
9410:
9400:
9375:
9341:
9273:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9236:
9184:
9174:
9167:
9148:
9124:
9097:
9003:
8736:
7545:
7516:
7511:
7409:
7377:
7350:
7075:
6692:
6662:
6652:
6647:
6214:
5722:
5439:"Mervyn Dymally dies at 86; former lieutenant governor, congressman and legislator"
5024:
3371:
3367:
3136:
2834:
2830:
2527:
2195:
1234:
1091:
919:
854:
834:
743:
3785:
Prud'Homme-Cranford, Rain; Barthé, Darryl; Jolivétte, Andrew J. (March 22, 2022).
2593:
The Black Gallery (1984–1998), exhibition space for African American photographers
10550:
10498:
10139:
10102:
10057:
9984:
9833:
9823:
9786:
9769:
9742:
9677:
9598:
9583:
9563:
9485:
9468:
9449:
9405:
9315:
9305:
9278:
9263:
9219:
8788:
7540:
7367:
7277:
7272:
7203:
Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)
7053:
7008:
6862:
6852:
6832:
6817:
6717:
6592:
6582:
6221:
6044:
5156:
4552:
4110:
3392:(born 1988), model, of African American and Vietnamese descent and identifies as
3377:
3357:
3005:
2928:
2124:
community in Los Angeles County. There is an Ethiopian and Eritrean community in
1262:
1069:
819:
738:
5262:"Violence against Black women in L.A. remains high, even as serious crime drops"
2390:
The African American population did not significantly increase during the first
10731:
10392:
10345:
10209:
10204:
10169:
10154:
9732:
9548:
9515:
8993:
8988:
8493:
8472:
8097:
7977:
7382:
7345:
7335:
7095:
7090:
7032:
6867:
6797:
6727:
6722:
6226:
6150:
5288:"The History of South Central Los Angeles and Its Struggle with Gentrification"
4575:
Patel, Jugal K.; Arango, Tim; Singhvi, Anjali; Huang, Jon (December 23, 2019).
3850:
Patel, Jugal K.; Arango, Tim; Singhvi, Anjali; Huang, Jon (December 23, 2019).
3538:
3450:
3389:
3333:
3256:
3114:
2658:
became African American by the 1950s and 1960s. These communities were Avalon,
2580:
hospitalization rate, as well as one of the lowest COVID-19 vaccination rates.
2261:
1721:
1146:
1116:
874:
864:
695:
5495:"Etta James: Acclaimed Soul Singer Who Fought to Overcome Her Personal Demons"
4523:"The OJ Simpson trial: Where the key players are 25 years after his acquittal"
3839:
Faith-based Social Engagement in 20th Century Los Angeles: A Historic Overview
2079:
includes participation in the culture, education, and politics of the city of
11299:
10437:
10308:
10256:
10244:
10239:
10229:
10219:
10214:
10134:
10107:
10097:
10092:
10087:
9640:
8763:
8514:
8462:
8407:
8298:
8162:
6935:
6917:
6907:
6877:
6822:
6777:
6762:
6707:
6697:
6682:
6632:
6627:
6597:
6394:
6322:
6145:
5786:
5734:
5636:
5600:
5564:
5416:
5337:
4590:
4031:
3631:
3521:
3466:
3345:
3317:
3281:
3244:
3009:
2826:
2822:
2794:
2117:
2091:
1790:
1785:
5726:
3504:
3241:(born 1995), South African American musician born and raised in Los Angeles.
3226:
10417:
10293:
10077:
8432:
8402:
8242:
7247:
7015:
6940:
6912:
6897:
6882:
6837:
6812:
6792:
6702:
6672:
6667:
6637:
6587:
6439:
6125:
5811:
5235:"L.A. police killings: Tracking homicides in Los Angeles County since 2000"
4672:"Why is the coronavirus deadly for so many black residents of Los Angeles?"
3398:
3339:
2990:
2566:
2464:
2457:
2429:
2384:
2370:
to escape the racial violence, racism, white supremacy, and bigotry of the
2293:
2181:
2177:
1274:
1086:
814:
677:
4281:"Hal Miller kept a key piece of L.A.'s black history alive. Now he's gone"
11038:
10412:
10333:
10313:
10199:
10072:
9977:
8519:
8323:
8313:
8177:
7267:
7252:
7100:
7063:
6902:
6857:
6842:
6607:
6602:
6449:
4081:
3327:
3262:
3024:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2555:
2518:
2477:
2441:
2418:
2367:
2343:
2254:
2250:
2129:
2113:
1440:
1096:
949:
829:
613:
5711:"Georgia Ann Hill RobinsonThe LAPD's First African American Policewoman"
5028:
3172:
2943:
2870:. In the 1990s, the black population of Long Beach increased by 66,800.
2303:
2214:
2068:
10375:
10318:
10149:
8422:
8397:
8232:
8172:
6802:
6787:
6757:
6752:
6501:
6469:
6308:
6276:
5099:"The Great Wall of Crenshaw and the Ongoing Story of Black Los Angeles"
4980:"For the Compton Cowboys, Horseback Riding Is a Legacy, and Protection"
3301:
3268:
3203:
3013:
2730:
2572:
In 2021, African Americans in Los Angeles County were more at risk for
2359:
545:
284:
11003:
10422:
10174:
7138:
Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)
3784:
2558:'s music studio on Washington Blvd. was declared a historic landmark.
2409:
were segregated in 1924. They remained segregated until 1956 when the
10895:
10749:
10726:
10701:
10427:
10323:
10179:
10129:
10047:
8452:
8442:
8392:
8257:
8252:
8212:
8182:
8157:
7416:
7262:
6767:
6551:
6489:
6384:
5883:
5819:
5405:"Hollywood's Tryst With Dorothy Dandridge Inspires Real Love at Last"
3361:
3321:
3043:
2798:
2726:
2437:
2297:
2277:
1770:
1111:
844:
623:
450:
146:
needs attention from an expert in Los Angeles or African diaspora
10804:
10159:
6063:
3883:
For Many Black People, L.A. is No Longer the Last Best Place to Live
3815:
Immigrants in American History: Arrival, Adaptation, and Integration
10706:
10360:
10350:
10278:
10251:
10164:
10144:
10082:
10062:
10042:
10037:
8457:
8427:
8247:
8237:
8227:
7889:
7884:
7394:
6042:
4803:
Migrants From L.A. Flow to Affordable Suburbs Such as Inland Empire
4219:"The Great Migration: Creating a New Black Identity in Los Angeles"
4125:"The Great Migration: Creating a New Black Identity in Los Angeles"
3626:
3487:
3304:(born 1961), track and field athlete; he came to prominence at the
3238:
3057:
3032:
2577:
2573:
2496:
2445:
2157:
2145:
2087:
1985:
1156:
1081:
1074:
7153:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
5863:(The George Gund Foundation imprint in African American studies).
5623:"Worth Noting; Carl Lewis Takes Honors, But Not at His Home Track"
10785:
Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
10518:
10432:
10407:
10355:
10340:
10224:
10052:
10022:
8741:
8412:
8222:
6506:
5124:
Territoriality Among African-American Street Gangs in Los Angeles
3393:
3036:
2813:. Many African Americans moved to eastern Los Angeles suburbs in
2790:
2774:
2762:
2562:
2363:
2149:
2141:
2137:
2095:
1244:
550:
4473:"When LA Erupted In Anger: A Look Back At The Rodney King Riots"
4366:"How police brutality helped white people segregate Los Angeles"
3275:
neighborhood of Los Angeles; in 1993, she was inducted into the
2576:. In the 2021, African Americans in Los Angeles had the highest
2456:
of the 1940s as area factories received labor for the effort in
2342:(First A.M.E. or FAME) was established under the sponsorship of
89:
10711:
10303:
10288:
10283:
10271:
10266:
10194:
10124:
10027:
9806:
8488:
8447:
8417:
8167:
7340:
5920:
Black, Brown, Yellow, and Left: Radical Activism in Los Angeles
3666:
3077:
2924:
2770:
2272:
2161:
2153:
2099:
2000:
1989:
1151:
6043:
Stanford, K.L.; California State University, N.I.A.M. (2010).
5760:
Proudly Eritrean, Tiffany Haddish Finally Gets Her Citizenship
2436:, tens of thousands of African American migrants, mostly from
10402:
10385:
10365:
10298:
10261:
10189:
10119:
8354:
7152:
5525:"Magic Johnson officially joins NFL's Commanders as co-owner"
4639:"Black residents at highest risk for COVID-19 in L.A. County"
3671:
3073:
2449:
2379:
2355:
2296:
individuals from the Spanish colonies in California (part of
2165:
2132:
people from Central and South American countries, especially
924:
5996:
Black Arts West: Culture and Struggle in Postwar Los Angeles
5773:"This architect of classic Hollywood gets his own star turn"
5392:. Johnson Publishing Company. November 13, 1995. p. 17.
5210:"Anti-Black hate crimes continue to increase in Los Angeles"
3895:"Still looking for a 'Black mecca,' the new Great Migration"
2292:(or 'Los Angeles Pobladores') included upwards of two dozen
2180:
in the city. African Americans make up 34% of Los Angeles's
10716:
10067:
7197:
4222:
4153:
3993:
Other Immigrants: The Global Origins of the American People
3788:
Louisiana Creole Peoplehood: Afro-Indigeneity and Community
3555:
3383:
2401:
Central Avenue had two all-black segregated fire stations.
2064:
954:
5958:
Politics in Black and White: Race and Power in Los Angeles
5587:"Florence Griffith Joyner, 38, Champion Sprinter, Is Dead"
5075:"Black Muslims: Finding community and faith in South L.A."
4977:
2112:; as well as a Black community in suburban cities such as
4577:"Black, Homeless and Burdened by L.A.'s Legacy of Racism"
3852:"Black, Homeless and Burdened by L.A.'s Legacy of Racism"
2184:, while only being 8% of the city's population in 2020.
5861:
Bound for Freedom: Black Los Angeles in Jim Crow America
4777:'Black Flight' From L.A. Reverses Trend, Study Discovers
2198:. 45,000 Ethiopians live in the Los Angeles area. 6,000
10781:
Births of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity
5880:
Black Los Angeles: American Dreams and Racial Realities
5816:
Black Los Angeles: American Dreams and Racial Realities
4574:
4078:"African-Americans and the Early Pueblo of Los Angeles"
3849:
3080:, both of which trace their origins back to the 1960s.
2894:
had the highest concentration of blacks. The cities of
2499:, also known as the Black-Woodstock, took place in the
2340:
First African Methodist Episcopal Church of Los Angeles
2266:
First African Methodist Episcopal Church of Los Angeles
8560:
5465:
Michaelson, Judith; Baxte, Kevin (January 14, 1999).
3406:
Notable African American politicians from Los Angeles
3023:
African Americans in Los Angeles have contributed to
5170:"How to Spend a Day in los Angeles' Little Ethiopia"
4710:
3568:
2789:. Other cities receiving Los Angeles blacks include
2641:
Homeless African American man in Los Angeles begging
4797:
4795:
4793:
4791:
3475:
Notable African American musicians from Los Angeles
2862:and closer-in cities in Los Angeles County such as
2610:, an open air museum of African American street art
1747:
Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers
4749:A Changing Population in South-Central L.A., Watts
3737:History of Korean Americans in Greater Los Angeles
5878:Hunt, Darnell and Ana-Christina Ramón (editors).
4821:
4819:
4817:
3386:(1989), rapper, of Black and Vietnamese ancestry.
3298:and was considered the fastest woman of all time.
11297:
8127:
7188:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
4923:. December 20, 2010. Retrieved on April 3, 2014.
4835:. December 22, 1996. Retrieved on April 3, 2014.
4788:
4785:. September 22, 1987. Retrieved on July 1, 2014.
7233:Black players in professional American football
7183:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
5770:
5464:
4757:. January 17, 1991. Retrieved on April 3, 2014.
4241:
2698:area. About 2,000 to 5,000 blacks moved to the
4827:Land of Opportunity : Land of Opportunity
4814:
4390:
4216:
4212:
4210:
4208:
3308:in Los Angeles, where he won four gold medals.
2561:Many African Americans in Los Angeles live in
474:Education of freed people during the Civil War
11019:
10911:
10820:
8546:
8113:
6079:
5306:"Musicians on Musicians: CL & Jhené Aiko"
4978:Thompson-Hernández, Walter (March 31, 2018).
4811:. March 30, 2001. Retrieved on April 3, 2014.
4433:Encyclopedia of Politics of the American West
3131:Little Ethiopia is home to the third largest
2045:
1845:
6946:Historically black colleges and universities
5144:
5142:
5044:"How Crenshaw became black LA's main street"
4247:
3712:History of Armenian Americans in Los Angeles
3083:
485:Historically black colleges and universities
5771:Robinson-Jacobs, Karen (February 6, 2020).
5551:"Magic Johnson Signs $ 25 Million Contract"
4915:Suit seeks to open Compton to Latino voters
4771:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4399:"Why supervisors let deadly problems slide"
4205:
4178:
4080:. City of Los Angeles. 2011. Archived from
3919:"DP05ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES"
3722:History of Iranian Americans in Los Angeles
3717:History of Chinese Americans in Los Angeles
3657:History of Mexican Americans in Los Angeles
3652:History of Central Americans in Los Angeles
2981:, an African American church in Los Angeles
2632:
2460:. In 1940 the black population was 63,700.
2077:history of African Americans in Los Angeles
469:Education during the slave period in the US
77:Learn how and when to remove these messages
39:History of Mexican Americans in Los Angeles
11026:
11012:
10918:
10904:
10827:
10813:
8553:
8539:
8120:
8106:
6086:
6072:
5361:"5 things you didn't know about: Doja Cat"
4096:
3963:
2417:and sources of community pride." In 1928,
2052:
2038:
1852:
1838:
792:National Black Caucus of State Legislators
7163:National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)
5685:"Nipsey Hussle's Eritrean American Dream"
5184:"The Definitive Guide to Little Ethiopia"
5139:
4967:. Alliance for Networking Visual Culture.
4719:"The Neighborhood Project: Baldwin Hills"
4396:
4363:
3265:(born 1952), talk radio host and attorney
2718:instead of Riverside and San Bernardino.
248:Slavery in the colonial history of the US
183:Learn how and when to remove this message
5708:
5207:
4958:
4870:
4760:
4490:Bruney, Gabrielle (September 21, 2020).
4397:Landsberg, Mitchell (December 9, 2004).
4016:
3964:May-Suzuki, Christian (April 24, 2023).
3374:architect west of the Mississippi River.
3284:(born 1959), basketball player with the
3213:
3202:
2995:
2973:
2654:, stated that a group of communities in
2636:
2290:early non-Indian settlers in Los Angeles
2271:
2260:
2249:
2063:
114:of all important aspects of the article.
11311:African-American history in Los Angeles
11284:Central Los Angeles & Wilshire area
11033:
10750:People of the United States / Americans
8999:Southeast Africans in the United States
8957:African immigrants to the United States
5682:
5620:
5584:
5358:
5330:
5285:
5072:
5054:from the original on September 20, 2019
4871:Zanfagna, Christina (August 29, 2017).
4520:
4336:
4279:Kaplan, Erin Aubry (February 1, 2020).
4122:
4057:National Parks Conservation Association
3989:
3772:"Early Los Angeles—An Afro-Latino Town"
3752:Indian Americans in Greater Los Angeles
3692:Chris Rock–Will Smith slapping incident
3064:, an open-air African American museum.
3016:about African Americans in the city of
14:
11298:
10925:
9026:Southern Africans in the United States
8868:Afro-Caribbean / West Indian Americans
8062:Topics related to the African diaspora
7168:National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
5505:from the original on December 20, 2016
5402:
5041:
4992:from the original on December 18, 2018
4716:
4678:from the original on February 10, 2022
4502:from the original on February 10, 2021
4489:
4450:from the original on February 15, 2022
4429:
4411:from the original on February 28, 2020
4364:Fleischer, Matthew (August 11, 2020).
4293:from the original on February 29, 2020
4278:
4260:from the original on February 25, 2020
3811:
3742:History of Palestinians in Los Angeles
3727:History of the Japanese in Los Angeles
3342:(born 1964), talk show host and author
3330:(born 1971), actress and film director
3031:with African American rappers such as
2194:population in the United States after
2108:African Americans are concentrated in
160:may be able to help recruit an expert.
110:Please consider expanding the lead to
11007:
10899:
10834:
10808:
8962:Central Africans in the United States
8534:
8101:
8042:Landmark African-American legislation
6093:
6067:
5981:University of California, Los Angeles
5492:
5208:Stephens, Imani (February 20, 2023).
5073:Parvini, Sarah (September 17, 2021).
5010:
4852:from the original on February 7, 2021
4669:
4610:
4548:"Music legend Ray Charles dies at 73"
4467:
4465:
4017:Mitchell, John L. (August 22, 2007).
3935:
3360:(born 1979), actress and comedian of
2526:was shot and killed by a 51-year-old
2086:The first blacks in Los Angeles were
990:Athletic associations and conferences
479:History of African-American education
8933:Trinidadian and Tobagonian Americans
7173:National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC)
5922:(Volume 19 of American crossroads).
5709:Bricklin, Julia (February 1, 2018).
5621:Strauss, Robert (December 2, 2001).
5585:Longman, Jere (September 22, 1998).
5436:
5286:Sonksen, Mike (September 14, 2017).
5259:
5017:European Journal of American Culture
4651:from the original on August 13, 2021
4430:Danver, Steven L. (April 25, 2013).
4378:from the original on August 12, 2020
4337:Navarro, Armando (January 8, 2015).
4217:Simpson, Kelly (February 15, 2012).
4179:Vallianatos, Mark (April 23, 2019).
4123:Simpson, Kelly (February 15, 2012).
4053:"The Lost History of Los Pobladores"
3247:(1919–1965), singer and jazz pianist
3167:
2989:community in Los Angeles, the first
2938:
2712:University of California-Los Angeles
2209:
913:Association for the Study of African
130:
83:
42:
10002:White Hispanic and Latino Americans
9225:Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans
9158:North Africans in the United States
8945:Black Hispanic and Latino Americans
7527:African-American Vernacular English
5814:and Ana-Christina Ramon (editors).
5741:from the original on April 23, 2021
5493:Leigh, Spencer (January 20, 2012).
5333:"Yvonne Braithwaite Burke (1932– )"
4229:from the original on April 30, 2019
4193:from the original on April 25, 2019
4160:from the original on April 30, 2019
3687:Second Baptist Church (Los Angeles)
3271:(1938–2012), noted singer born the
2733:, and about 1,000 to 2,000 went to
2394:. From approximately 1920 to 1955,
1727:Race and ethnicity in the US census
1228:African-American Vernacular English
797:National Conference of Black Mayors
24:
9053:West Africans in the United States
8928:Stateside Virgin Islands Americans
7445:U.S. cities with large populations
7148:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
6049:. Images of America. Arcadia Pub.
5702:
4913:Simmons, Ann M. and Abby Sewell. "
4874:Holy Hip Hop in the City of Angels
4636:
4521:Shapiro, Emily (October 3, 2023).
4462:
4305:
3990:Reimers, David (August 27, 2023).
3907:from the original on June 1, 2023.
3791:. University of Washington Press.
3732:History of the Jews in Los Angeles
3682:California African American Museum
3622:African Americans in San Francisco
3592:African Americans in New York City
3120:
3000:African American mural in Crenshaw
2873:
2737:. About 500-1,000 blacks moved to
2677:
2645:
2625:California African American Museum
2322:who came to California during the
2094:who immigrated to California from
930:National Black Chamber of Commerce
25:
11322:
11306:African-American cultural history
10597:Americans of Euro Oceanic origin
9931:Nordic and Scandinavian Americans
8562:Demographics of the United States
6318:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013
6314:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009
6121:African American founding fathers
6006:
5683:Giorgis, Hannah (April 4, 2019).
5359:Seemela, Masego (March 9, 2021).
4895:from the original on May 18, 2021
3602:African Americans in Philadelphia
3163:
3155:
3146:
1634:Places by plurality of population
300:Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
290:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
243:Abolitionism in the United States
58:This article has multiple issues.
10775:Race and ethnicity in the census
8863:African diaspora in the Americas
8191:
8080:
7198:United Negro College Fund (UNCF)
6343:Nadir of American race relations
6046:African Americans in Los Angeles
5853:
5835:African Americans in Los Angeles
5331:Jackson, Errin (April 8, 2007).
4717:Powers, Kemp (August 17, 2007).
4319:. LA Conservancy. Archived from
3571:
3547:
3530:
3513:
3496:
3479:
3458:
3442:
3426:
3410:
3171:
3105:, and less than 1% lived in the
2942:
2725:area, about 2,000–5,000 went to
2666:, Santa Barbara, South Vermont,
2616:
2599:
2585:
2213:
1809:
331:Black Belt in the American South
135:
88:
47:
8873:Antiguan and Barbudan Americans
6204:Civil rights movement 1954–1968
6194:Civil rights movement 1865–1896
5764:
5753:
5676:
5650:
5614:
5578:
5543:
5517:
5486:
5467:"The Good Times of Larry Elder"
5458:
5430:
5403:Maslin, Janet (June 19, 1997).
5396:
5378:
5352:
5324:
5298:
5279:
5253:
5227:
5201:
5176:
5162:
5128:
5117:
5091:
5066:
5042:Meares, Hadley (May 17, 2019).
5035:
5004:
4971:
4952:
4926:
4907:
4864:
4838:
4741:
4690:
4663:
4630:
4604:
4568:
4540:
4514:
4483:
4423:
4357:
4330:
4272:
4172:
4142:
4116:
4070:
4045:
4010:
3983:
3957:
3929:
3812:Barkan, Elliott Robert (2013).
3617:African Americans in California
3314:(1887–1958), actor and comedian
2979:Westminster Presbyterian Church
2549:
2376:first transcontinental railroad
2349:
2313:
2245:
935:National Council of Negro Women
102:may be too short to adequately
66:or discuss these issues on the
8918:Kittian and Nevisian Americans
8893:Dominican Americans (Dominica)
7193:Thurgood Marshall College Fund
6199:Civil right movement 1896–1954
5943:University of California Press
5924:University of California Press
5865:University of California Press
5437:Merl, Jean (October 8, 2012).
5260:Jany, Libor (March 18, 2023).
4879:University of California Press
4611:Lopez, Steve (June 13, 2020).
4248:Mike Sonksen (June 20, 2018).
4019:"Diversity gave birth to L.A."
3936:Lopez, Steve (June 13, 2020).
3911:
3887:
3876:
3862:
3843:
3832:
3805:
3778:
3764:
3612:African Americans in Baltimore
1732:Racism against Black Americans
112:provide an accessible overview
13:
1:
10454:Hispanic and Latino Americans
7373:Cherokee freedmen controversy
6349:The Negro Motorist Green Book
5804:
4670:Duara, Nigel (May 11, 2020).
3046:restaurants in Los Angeles.
2546:took place in 1994 and 1995.
2501:Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
940:National Pan-Hellenic Council
10991:Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles
10524:Indigenous Mexican Americans
8129:Ethnic groups in Los Angeles
5135:African American Gang Trends
4959:McDonald, Beth (June 2020).
4256:Lusk Center of Real Estate.
3697:The Shifting Grounds of Race
3662:Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles
3647:Ethnic groups in Los Angeles
3607:African Americans in Detroit
3597:African Americans in Chicago
3587:African Americans in Atlanta
3401:(born 1994), actor and model
3127:Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles
2729:, about 1,000–2,000 went to
1742:School segregation in the US
1280:Black American Sign Language
1254:Languages and other dialects
158:WikiProject African diaspora
35:Ethnic groups in Los Angeles
18:Black history in Los Angeles
7:
10765:Maps of American ancestries
10561:French Polynesian Americans
8898:Dutch West Indian Americans
7243:Black players in ice hockey
7178:National Urban League (NUL)
7004:American Society of Muslims
6242:Selma to Montgomery marches
6162:Brown v. Board of Education
4150:"From the South to Compton"
3642:Demographics of Los Angeles
3564:
3090:LGBT culture in Los Angeles
2652:California State University
2554:In 2004, singer-songwriter
2411:Los Angeles Fire Department
569:African-American businesses
148:. The specific problem is:
31:Demographics of Los Angeles
10:
11327:
10546:Pacific Islander Americans
7400:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
7158:Nashville Student Movement
6169:Children of the plantation
5962:Princeton University Press
5905:Princeton University Press
3637:Demographics of California
3579:Greater Los Angeles portal
3277:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
3124:
3087:
2934:
2710:area. James H. Johnson, a
2205:
2136:people. Many were born in
1107:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
782:Congressional Black Caucus
749:African Diaspora Religions
536:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
28:
11223:
11138:
11045:
10931:
10840:
10745:
10737:Punjabi Mexican Americans
10687:
10616:
10536:
10010:
9861:Liechtensteiner Americans
9668:
9212:
8850:
8839:
8707:
8577:
8568:
8502:
8481:
8385:
8347:
8271:
8200:
8189:
8135:
8070:
8037:Index of related articles
7915:
7830:
7554:
7487:
7425:
7325:
7286:
7218:
7211:
7126:
7046:
7038:Doctrine of Father Divine
6984:
6926:
6575:
6430:
6422:Women's suffrage movement
6375:Reconstruction Amendments
6182:Voting Rights Act of 1965
6101:
5011:Grant, Elizabeth (2002).
4846:"U.S.Census Bureau, 2019"
3084:Lesbian, gay and bisexual
2565:in 2019. In 2020, 34% of
2544:O. J. Simpson murder case
1614:US states and territories
915:American Life and History
637:Lift Every Voice and Sing
346:Treatment of the enslaved
10760:Native American ancestry
9535:Hungarian Slovak Gypsies
9391:Indo-Caribbean Americans
9113:Sierra Leonean Americans
9063:Bissau-Guinean Americans
9009:South Sudanese Americans
8087:United States portal
7522:African-American English
6951:Inventors and scientists
6643:George Washington Carver
6247:Chicago Freedom Movement
3757:
3747:Filipinos in Los Angeles
3292:Florence Griffith Joyner
3067:
2804:
2633:Geography and population
2276:Tom Bradley speaking at
2102:in northwestern Mexico.
1873:Ethnicity in Los Angeles
1816:United States portal
1223:African-American English
734:African-American Muslims
295:Jim Crow era (1896–1954)
11175:Other elected officials
10722:Louisiana Creole people
9871:Luxembourgish Americans
9041:South African Americans
8977:Equatoguinean Americans
8010:African-American firsts
7059:Back-to-Africa movement
7028:Black Hebrew Israelites
6808:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
6356:Partus sequitur ventrem
5727:10.1525/ch.2018.95.1.54
3818:. Bloomsbury Academic.
3435:Yvonne Brathwaite Burke
3348:(born 1938), politician
3320:(1985–2019), rapper of
3233:Yvonne Brathwaite Burke
2081:Los Angeles, California
1737:Reparations for slavery
825:Back-to-Africa movement
724:Black Hebrew Israelites
602:African-American beauty
154:WikiProject Los Angeles
11254:Greater Hollywood
10509:Puerto Rican Americans
9068:Cape Verdean Americans
8923:Saint Lucian Americans
8699:Ethnocultural politics
8667:Racial achievement gap
8597:Educational attainment
7978:Spingarn Medal winners
7467:States and territories
7238:Black NFL quarterbacks
6738:Martin Luther King Jr.
6270:Dred Scott v. Sandford
6209:Montgomery bus boycott
3707:Shooting of Ezell Ford
3296:1988 Olympics in Seoul
3222:
3211:
3042:There are black-owned
3001:
2982:
2642:
2537:1992 Los Angeles riots
2454:Second Great Migration
2434:Second Great Migration
2374:. The presence of the
2372:Southern United States
2285:
2269:
2258:
2174:Southern United States
2072:
1207:Dialects and languages
367:Second Great Migration
10606:New Zealand Americans
10571:Micronesian Americans
10566:Marshallese Americans
10467:Costa Rican Americans
9926:Sammarinese Americans
9896:Montenegrin Americans
9626:Azerbaijani Americans
9589:Palestinian Americans
9511:Singaporean Americans
9359:Bangladeshi Americans
8967:Cameroonian Americans
8689:Unemployment by state
7288:Athletic associations
7223:Negro league baseball
6994:African-American Jews
6713:Ketanji Brown Jackson
6678:Henry Highland Garnet
6537:Negro National Anthem
6287:George Floyd protests
6252:Post–civil rights era
6000:Duke University Press
5956:Sonenshein, Raphael.
4775:McMillan, Penelope. "
4706:. September 25, 2021.
3632:Romani in Los Angeles
3217:
3206:
3125:Further information:
2999:
2977:
2819:San Bernardino County
2640:
2282:Paramount Studios lot
2275:
2264:
2257:, Los Angeles pioneer
2253:
2202:live in Los Angeles.
2067:
1942:Hispanics and Latinos
1619:US metropolitan areas
1446:List of neighborhoods
1060:Alabama Creole people
1050:African-American Jews
982:Negro league baseball
945:National Urban League
897:Civic/economic groups
729:African-American Jews
619:African-American hair
481:, after the Civil War
310:Post–civil rights era
10679:Venezuelan Americans
10669:Surinamese Americans
10659:Paraguayan Americans
10649:Ecuadorian Americans
10601:Australian Americans
10492:Salvadoran Americans
10487:Panamanian Americans
10482:Nicaraguan Americans
10472:Guatemalan Americans
9911:Portuguese Americans
9876:Macedonian Americans
9866:Lithuanian Americans
9703:Belarusian Americans
9521:Vietnamese Americans
9491:Indonesian Americans
9445:Sri Lankan Americans
9311:Fuzhounese Americans
9108:Senegalese Americans
9046:Zimbabwean Americans
8938:Vincentian Americans
7495:Afro-Seminole Creole
7021:Azusa Street Revival
6893:Booker T. Washington
6417:Underground Railroad
6282:Free people of color
6136:Atlantic slave trade
5188:Discover Los Angeles
4729:on September 5, 2014
3903:. January 14, 2022.
3774:. February 15, 2017.
3677:Los Angeles Sentinel
3352:Georgia Ann Robinson
3312:Tim Moore (comedian)
3306:1984 Summer Olympics
3208:Georgia Ann Robinson
3107:Los Angeles Westside
3062:Destination Crenshaw
2735:San Jose, California
2608:Destination Crenshaw
2512:Mayor of Los Angeles
1776:Criminal stereotypes
1551:District of Columbia
1268:Afro-Seminole Creole
710:Non-Christian groups
305:Black power movement
269:during the Civil War
238:Atlantic slave trade
11269:San Fernando Valley
10674:Uruguayan Americans
10644:Colombian Americans
10634:Brazilian Americans
10624:Argentine Americans
10504:Dominican Americans
10398:Alaskan Athabaskans
9997:Non-Hispanic whites
9990:Ukrainian Americans
9968:Slovenian Americans
9946:Norwegian Americans
9941:Icelandic Americans
9829:Hungarian Americans
9775:Dagestani Americans
9750:Bulgarian Americans
9569:Jordanian Americans
9506:Malaysian Americans
9476:Cambodian Americans
9428:Pakistani Americans
9418:Maldivian Americans
9371:Bhutanese Americans
9347:Mongolian Americans
9301:Taiwanese Americans
9296:Hong Kong Americans
9144:Ethiopian Americans
9014:Tanzanian Americans
8972:Congolese Americans
8903:Grenadian Americans
8888:Bermudian Americans
8883:Barbadian Americans
8617:Housing segregation
8571:Demographic history
7890:Trinidad and Tobago
7505:Black American Sign
7332:By African descent
7326:Ethnic subdivisions
7313:Southwestern (SWAC)
7228:Baseball color line
7143:Black Panther Party
7047:Political movements
6964:in computer science
6623:Carol Moseley Braun
6412:Tulsa race massacre
6405:Treatment of slaves
6237:March on Washington
6232:Birmingham movement
6030:. December 30, 2021
5926:, January 1, 2006.
5859:Flamming, Douglas.
5833:Stanford, Karin L.
5662:The Quad-City Times
5386:"Memorial Services"
5029:10.1386/ejac.21.1.4
4940:. February 28, 2017
4825:Hamilton, Denise. "
4637:Lin II, Rong-Gong.
4343:. Lexington Books.
4156:. August 15, 2010.
3900:The Washington Post
3490:, rapper and singer
3101:, 33% lived in the
2723:Oakland, California
2407:Fire Station No. 14
2403:Fire Station No. 30
1867:Part of a series on
1172:Sierra Leone Creole
1133:Specific ancestries
1018:Southwestern (SWAC)
541:Black History Month
372:New Great Migration
326:Agriculture history
10926:Ethiopian diaspora
10664:Peruvian Americans
10654:Guyanese Americans
10629:Bolivian Americans
10551:Chamorro Americans
10477:Honduran Americans
10462:Belizean Americans
10447:Canadian Americans
9916:Romanian Americans
9886:Moldovan Americans
9814:Galician Americans
9792:Estonian Americans
9760:Croatian Americans
9738:Scottish Americans
9693:Austrian Americans
9688:Asturian Americans
9683:Albanian Americans
9631:Georgian Americans
9621:Assyrian Americans
9616:Armenian Americans
9579:Lebanese Americans
9554:Bahraini Americans
9481:Filipino Americans
9423:Nepalese Americans
9386:Gujarati Americans
9335:Ryukyuan Americans
9330:Japanese Americans
9202:Sudanese Americans
9195:Tunisian Americans
9180:Algerian Americans
9163:Egyptian Americans
9139:Eritrean Americans
9118:Togolese Americans
9103:Nigerian Americans
9093:Liberian Americans
9078:Ghanaian Americans
9058:Beninese Americans
9036:Malawian Americans
8982:Gabonese Americans
8913:Jamaican Americans
8878:Bahamian Americans
8784:Moorish Scientists
8684:Standard of living
7988:US representatives
7983:US cabinet members
7875:Dominican Republic
7462:Metropolitan areas
7303:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
7128:Civic and economic
7106:Self-determination
6927:Education, science
6848:Fred Shuttlesworth
6828:A. Philip Randolph
6733:Coretta Scott King
6658:Frederick Douglass
6485:Harlem Renaissance
6390:Separate but equal
6380:Reconstruction era
6368:Plessy v. Ferguson
6259:Cornerstone Speech
6173:Civil Rights Acts
6156:Black Lives Matter
6131:American Civil War
6002:, January 1, 2009.
5975:Tolbert, Emory J.
5907:, March 15, 2010.
5897:Kurashige, Scott.
5886:, April 19, 2010.
5867:, August 1, 2006.
5839:Arcadia Publishing
5822:, April 19, 2010.
5715:California History
5628:The New York Times
5592:The New York Times
5556:The New York Times
5409:The New York Times
5312:. October 20, 2021
5155:2017-03-15 at the
5105:. January 28, 2022
4985:The New York Times
4747:Martinez, Diana. "
4582:The New York Times
4109:2021-05-18 at the
3923:U.S. Census Bureau
3856:The New York Times
3286:Los Angeles Lakers
3223:
3212:
3183:. You can help by
3133:Ethiopian American
3029:West Coast hip hop
3002:
2983:
2954:. You can help by
2811:Los Angeles County
2643:
2486:King-Drew Hospital
2415:racial segregation
2286:
2270:
2259:
2225:. You can help by
2083:, United States.
2073:
1181:Sexual orientation
1055:Afro-Puerto Ricans
1008:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
643:Self-determination
607:Black is beautiful
273:Reconstruction era
11293:
11292:
11001:
11000:
10893:
10892:
10835:Eritrean diaspora
10802:
10801:
10798:
10797:
10755:American ancestry
10639:Chilean Americans
10581:Palauan Americans
10514:Mexican Americans
9973:Spanish Americans
9958:Serbian Americans
9951:Swedish Americans
9921:Russian Americans
9901:Occitan Americans
9891:Monacan Americans
9881:Maltese Americans
9856:Latvian Americans
9851:Kosovan Americans
9839:Italian Americans
9797:Finnish Americans
9765:Cypriot Americans
9755:Catalan Americans
9728:English Americans
9723:Cornish Americans
9718:British Americans
9713:Bosnian Americans
9708:Belgian Americans
9658:Turkish Americans
9653:Kurdish Americans
9646:Israeli Americans
9636:Iranian Americans
9574:Kuwaiti Americans
9559:Emirati Americans
9501:Laotian Americans
9496:Iu Mien Americans
9464:Burmese Americans
9433:Punjabi Americans
9396:Punjabi Americans
9381:Bengali Americans
9364:Bengali Americans
9323:Tibetan Americans
9291:Chinese Americans
9269:Turkmen Americans
9242:Pashtun Americans
9190:Moroccan American
9088:Ivorian Americans
9083:Guinean Americans
9073:Gambian Americans
9031:Angolan Americans
9019:Ugandan Americans
8908:Haitian Americans
8858:African Americans
8657:Racial inequality
8627:Income inequality
8592:Gender inequality
8528:
8527:
8143:Central Americans
8095:
8094:
7923:African Americans
7795:Dallas–Fort Worth
7390:Black Southerners
7321:
7320:
6773:Thurgood Marshall
6743:Bernard Lafayette
6338:Million Man March
6095:African Americans
6056:978-0-7385-8094-4
6028:Los Angeles Times
5994:Widener, Daniel.
5778:Los Angeles Times
5559:. June 26, 1981.
5472:Los Angeles Times
5444:Los Angeles Times
5266:Los Angeles Times
5239:Los Angeles Times
5078:Los Angeles Times
4938:Los Angeles Times
4920:Los Angeles Times
4832:Los Angeles Times
4808:Los Angeles Times
4782:Los Angeles Times
4754:Los Angeles Times
4703:Los Angeles Times
4644:Los Angeles Times
4617:Los Angeles Times
4479:. April 26, 2017.
4443:978-1-5063-5491-0
4404:Los Angeles Times
4371:Los Angeles Times
4326:on July 25, 2011.
4286:Los Angeles Times
4186:Los Angeles Times
4023:Los Angeles Times
3943:Los Angeles Times
3702:Black Catholicism
3251:Dorothy Dandridge
3201:
3200:
3141:Ethiopian cuisine
3099:South Los Angeles
2985:There is a black
2972:
2971:
2844:Los Angeles Times
2684:Mexican Americans
2656:South Los Angeles
2542:The trial of the
2482:South Los Angeles
2423:William J. Powell
2333:Santa Fe Railroad
2320:white Southerners
2268:, founded in 1872
2243:
2242:
2134:Garifuna American
2110:South Los Angeles
2062:
2061:
2006:Pacific Islanders
1996:Middle Easterners
1907:Central Americans
1882:African Americans
1862:
1861:
1799:
1798:
1697:
1696:
1471:Dallas-Fort Worth
1288:
1287:
1198:
1197:
1142:Americo-Liberians
1025:
1024:
963:
962:
888:
887:
757:
756:
701:Womanist theology
651:
650:
593:Symbols and ideas
379:
378:
258:Antebellum period
253:Revolutionary War
208:African Americans
193:
192:
185:
175:
174:
129:
128:
81:
16:(Redirected from
11318:
11234:Crescenta Valley
11028:
11021:
11014:
11005:
11004:
10986:Washington, D.C.
10920:
10913:
10906:
10897:
10896:
10829:
10822:
10815:
10806:
10805:
10591:Tongan Americans
10586:Samoan Americans
10576:Native Hawaiians
10556:Fijian Americans
10458:Central America
10018:Native Americans
9963:Slovak Americans
9936:Danish Americans
9906:Polish Americans
9819:German Americans
9802:French Americans
9780:Lezgin Americans
9698:Basque Americans
9641:Jewish Americans
9609:Yemeni Americans
9604:Syrian Americans
9594:Qatari Americans
9530:Romani Americans
9438:Sindhi Americans
9411:Telugu Americans
9401:Sindhi Americans
9376:Indian Americans
9342:Korean Americans
9274:Uyghur Americans
9259:Kyrgyz Americans
9254:Kazakh Americans
9249:Baloch Americans
9237:Afghan Americans
9185:Libyan Americans
9175:Berber Americans
9168:Coptic Americans
9149:Somali Americans
9125:Yoruba Americans
9098:Malian Americans
9004:Kenyan Americans
8848:
8847:
8841:By continent and
8612:Household income
8555:
8548:
8541:
8532:
8531:
8482:Native Americans
8195:
8122:
8115:
8108:
8099:
8098:
8085:
8084:
8083:
8047:Lynching victims
7546:Louisiana Creole
7517:American English
7405:Louisiana Creole
7378:Choctaw freedmen
7216:
7215:
6753:Huddie Ledbetter
6693:Fannie Lou Hamer
6663:W. E. B. Du Bois
6653:Claudette Colvin
6648:Shirley Chisholm
6465:Family structure
6333:Military history
6215:Browder v. Gayle
6088:
6081:
6074:
6065:
6064:
6060:
6039:
6037:
6035:
5991:, 9780934934046.
5972:, 9780691025483.
5953:, 9780520248304.
5945:, June 1, 2006.
5934:, 9780520245204.
5915:, 9781400834006.
5894:, 9780814773062.
5875:, 9780520249905.
5849:, 9780738580944.
5830:, 9780814773062.
5798:
5797:
5795:
5793:
5768:
5762:
5757:
5751:
5750:
5748:
5746:
5706:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5695:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5669:
5664:. April 28, 2015
5654:
5648:
5647:
5645:
5643:
5618:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5607:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5571:
5547:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5536:
5521:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5510:
5490:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5479:
5462:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5451:
5434:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5423:
5400:
5394:
5393:
5382:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5371:
5356:
5350:
5349:
5347:
5345:
5328:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5317:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5272:
5257:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5194:
5180:
5174:
5173:
5166:
5160:
5146:
5137:
5132:
5126:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5110:
5095:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5084:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5059:
5039:
5033:
5032:
5008:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4975:
4969:
4968:
4956:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4930:
4924:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4868:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4857:
4842:
4836:
4823:
4812:
4801:Texeira, Erin. "
4799:
4786:
4773:
4758:
4745:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4725:. Archived from
4714:
4708:
4707:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4667:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4656:
4634:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4623:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4572:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4561:
4544:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4507:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4469:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4427:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4394:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4383:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4318:
4309:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4276:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4214:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4198:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4165:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4120:
4114:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4084:on April 4, 2013
4074:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4038:
4014:
4008:
4007:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3976:
3961:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3933:
3927:
3926:
3915:
3909:
3908:
3891:
3885:
3880:
3874:
3873:
3866:
3860:
3859:
3847:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3809:
3803:
3802:
3782:
3776:
3775:
3768:
3581:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3551:
3534:
3517:
3500:
3483:
3462:
3446:
3430:
3414:
3372:African-American
3368:Paul R. Williams
3210:, police officer
3196:
3193:
3175:
3168:
3137:Washington, D.C.
2967:
2964:
2946:
2939:
2929:Central American
2835:1990 U.S. Census
2831:1980 U.S. Census
2815:Riverside County
2620:
2603:
2589:
2308:Calvary Cemetery
2238:
2235:
2217:
2210:
2196:Washington, D.C.
2122:Louisiana Creole
2054:
2047:
2040:
2001:Native Americans
1864:
1863:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1761:media depictions
1710:
1709:
1605:Population count
1301:
1300:
1235:Liberian English
1214:English dialects
1211:
1210:
1167:Samaná Americans
1092:Creoles of color
1038:
1037:
976:
975:
920:Black conductors
901:
900:
770:
769:
744:Louisiana Voodoo
666:
665:
411:Family structure
394:
393:
341:Military history
336:Business history
267:military history
222:
221:
195:
194:
188:
181:
170:
167:
161:
139:
138:
131:
124:
121:
115:
92:
84:
73:
51:
50:
43:
21:
11326:
11325:
11321:
11320:
11319:
11317:
11316:
11315:
11296:
11295:
11294:
11289:
11288:
11219:
11190:Fire Department
11134:
11041:
11032:
11002:
10997:
10927:
10924:
10894:
10889:
10836:
10833:
10803:
10794:
10741:
10683:
10612:
10532:
10499:Cuban Americans
10140:Mission Indians
10006:
9985:Swiss Americans
9834:Irish Americans
9824:Greek Americans
9787:Dutch Americans
9770:Czech Americans
9743:Welsh Americans
9678:White Americans
9664:
9599:Saudi Americans
9584:Omani Americans
9564:Iraqi Americans
9486:Hmong Americans
9469:Karen Americans
9450:Tamil Americans
9406:Tamil Americans
9316:Hoklo Americans
9306:Hakka Americans
9279:Uzbek Americans
9264:Tajik Americans
9220:Asian Americans
9208:
9135:Horn of Africa
8843:ethnic ancestry
8842:
8835:
8801:Native American
8789:Nation of Islam
8779:Five Percenters
8703:
8672:Racial wage gap
8662:Race and health
8647:Personal income
8579:
8573:
8564:
8559:
8529:
8524:
8498:
8477:
8381:
8343:
8267:
8196:
8187:
8131:
8126:
8096:
8091:
8081:
8079:
8066:
8032:Historic places
8025:US state firsts
7911:
7826:
7550:
7483:
7455:2010 majorities
7450:2000 majorities
7421:
7368:Black Seminoles
7317:
7308:Southern (SIAC)
7291:
7290:and conferences
7289:
7282:
7278:Serena Williams
7273:Jackie Robinson
7207:
7131:
7129:
7122:
7042:
7009:Nation of Islam
6980:
6928:
6922:
6863:Sojourner Truth
6853:Clarence Thomas
6818:Gabriel Prosser
6718:Michael Jackson
6593:Crispus Attucks
6583:Ralph Abernathy
6571:
6527:Musical theater
6426:
6292:Great Migration
6264:COVID-19 impact
6222:Sit-in movement
6097:
6092:
6057:
6033:
6031:
6024:"Black Ranking"
6022:
6009:
5918:Pulido, Laura.
5856:
5807:
5802:
5801:
5791:
5789:
5769:
5765:
5758:
5754:
5744:
5742:
5707:
5703:
5693:
5691:
5681:
5677:
5667:
5665:
5656:
5655:
5651:
5641:
5639:
5619:
5615:
5605:
5603:
5583:
5579:
5569:
5567:
5549:
5548:
5544:
5534:
5532:
5531:. July 20, 2023
5523:
5522:
5518:
5508:
5506:
5499:The Independent
5491:
5487:
5477:
5475:
5463:
5459:
5449:
5447:
5435:
5431:
5421:
5419:
5401:
5397:
5384:
5383:
5379:
5369:
5367:
5357:
5353:
5343:
5341:
5329:
5325:
5315:
5313:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5284:
5280:
5270:
5268:
5258:
5254:
5244:
5242:
5233:
5232:
5228:
5218:
5216:
5206:
5202:
5192:
5190:
5182:
5181:
5177:
5168:
5167:
5163:
5157:Wayback Machine
5147:
5140:
5133:
5129:
5122:
5118:
5108:
5106:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5082:
5080:
5071:
5067:
5057:
5055:
5040:
5036:
5009:
5005:
4995:
4993:
4976:
4972:
4957:
4953:
4943:
4941:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4912:
4908:
4898:
4896:
4889:
4869:
4865:
4855:
4853:
4844:
4843:
4839:
4824:
4815:
4800:
4789:
4774:
4761:
4746:
4742:
4732:
4730:
4715:
4711:
4696:
4695:
4691:
4681:
4679:
4668:
4664:
4654:
4652:
4635:
4631:
4621:
4619:
4609:
4605:
4595:
4593:
4573:
4569:
4559:
4557:
4556:. June 11, 2004
4553:Chicago Tribune
4546:
4545:
4541:
4531:
4529:
4519:
4515:
4505:
4503:
4488:
4484:
4471:
4470:
4463:
4453:
4451:
4444:
4428:
4424:
4414:
4412:
4395:
4391:
4381:
4379:
4362:
4358:
4351:
4335:
4331:
4323:
4316:
4310:
4306:
4296:
4294:
4277:
4273:
4263:
4261:
4246:
4242:
4232:
4230:
4215:
4206:
4196:
4194:
4177:
4173:
4163:
4161:
4148:
4147:
4143:
4133:
4131:
4121:
4117:
4111:Wayback Machine
4101:
4097:
4087:
4085:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4061:
4059:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4036:
4034:
4015:
4011:
4004:
3988:
3984:
3974:
3972:
3962:
3958:
3948:
3946:
3934:
3930:
3917:
3916:
3912:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3881:
3877:
3868:
3867:
3863:
3848:
3844:
3837:
3833:
3826:
3810:
3806:
3799:
3783:
3779:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3760:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3560:
3559:
3552:
3543:
3542:
3541:, jazz musician
3535:
3526:
3525:
3518:
3509:
3508:
3501:
3492:
3491:
3484:
3470:
3469:
3463:
3454:
3453:
3447:
3438:
3437:
3431:
3422:
3421:
3415:
3378:Serena Williams
3358:Tiffany Haddish
3197:
3191:
3188:
3181:needs expansion
3166:
3158:
3149:
3129:
3123:
3121:Little Ethiopia
3092:
3086:
3070:
3006:Compton Cowboys
2968:
2962:
2959:
2952:needs expansion
2937:
2876:
2874:2000s and 2010s
2807:
2680:
2678:1970s and 1980s
2664:Exposition Park
2648:
2646:1950s and 1960s
2635:
2628:
2627:
2621:
2612:
2611:
2604:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2552:
2528:Korean American
2524:Latasha Harlins
2510:was elected as
2392:Great Migration
2352:
2316:
2248:
2239:
2233:
2230:
2223:needs expansion
2208:
2126:Little Ethiopia
2058:
2026:White Americans
1858:
1810:
1808:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1751:
1707:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1638:
1600:
1576:Omaha, Nebraska
1541:Historic places
1535:
1427:
1298:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1249:
1208:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1176:
1128:
1070:Black Seminoles
1035:
1034:Sub-communities
1027:
1026:
1013:Southern (SIAC)
973:
965:
964:
959:
914:
898:
890:
889:
884:
801:
767:
759:
758:
753:
739:Nation of Islam
705:
682:
663:
653:
652:
647:
588:
555:
522:
494:
455:
431:Musical theater
391:
381:
380:
362:Great Migration
219:
189:
178:
177:
176:
171:
165:
162:
152:
140:
136:
125:
119:
116:
109:
97:This article's
93:
52:
48:
41:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11324:
11314:
11313:
11308:
11291:
11290:
11287:
11286:
11281:
11276:
11271:
11266:
11261:
11256:
11251:
11246:
11241:
11236:
11231:
11225:
11224:
11221:
11220:
11218:
11217:
11215:Transportation
11212:
11207:
11202:
11200:Public schools
11197:
11192:
11187:
11182:
11177:
11172:
11171:
11170:
11168:Common Council
11165:
11155:
11150:
11144:
11142:
11136:
11135:
11133:
11132:
11127:
11122:
11120:Notable people
11117:
11112:
11107:
11102:
11097:
11092:
11087:
11085:Historic sites
11082:
11077:
11072:
11070:Transportation
11067:
11066:
11065:
11060:
11049:
11047:
11043:
11042:
11031:
11030:
11023:
11016:
11008:
10999:
10998:
10996:
10995:
10994:
10993:
10988:
10983:
10973:
10971:United Kingdom
10968:
10963:
10958:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10938:
10932:
10929:
10928:
10923:
10922:
10915:
10908:
10900:
10891:
10890:
10888:
10887:
10882:
10880:United Kingdom
10877:
10872:
10867:
10862:
10857:
10852:
10847:
10841:
10838:
10837:
10832:
10831:
10824:
10817:
10809:
10800:
10799:
10796:
10795:
10793:
10792:
10787:
10782:
10779:
10778:
10777:
10767:
10762:
10757:
10752:
10746:
10743:
10742:
10740:
10739:
10734:
10729:
10724:
10719:
10714:
10709:
10704:
10699:
10693:
10691:
10685:
10684:
10682:
10681:
10676:
10671:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10651:
10646:
10641:
10636:
10631:
10626:
10620:
10618:
10614:
10613:
10611:
10610:
10609:
10608:
10603:
10595:
10594:
10593:
10588:
10583:
10578:
10573:
10568:
10563:
10558:
10553:
10542:
10540:
10534:
10533:
10531:
10530:
10529:
10528:
10527:
10526:
10521:
10511:
10506:
10501:
10496:
10495:
10494:
10489:
10484:
10479:
10474:
10469:
10464:
10450:
10449:
10443:
10442:
10441:
10440:
10435:
10430:
10425:
10420:
10415:
10410:
10405:
10400:
10393:Alaska Natives
10390:
10389:
10388:
10383:
10378:
10373:
10371:Tohono Oʼodham
10368:
10363:
10358:
10353:
10348:
10343:
10338:
10337:
10336:
10331:
10321:
10316:
10311:
10306:
10301:
10296:
10291:
10286:
10281:
10276:
10275:
10274:
10269:
10264:
10259:
10254:
10249:
10248:
10247:
10242:
10237:
10232:
10227:
10217:
10212:
10207:
10202:
10197:
10192:
10187:
10182:
10177:
10172:
10167:
10162:
10157:
10152:
10147:
10137:
10132:
10127:
10122:
10117:
10116:
10115:
10110:
10105:
10100:
10095:
10090:
10080:
10075:
10070:
10065:
10060:
10055:
10050:
10045:
10040:
10035:
10030:
10025:
10014:
10012:
10008:
10007:
10005:
10004:
9999:
9994:
9993:
9992:
9987:
9982:
9981:
9980:
9970:
9965:
9960:
9955:
9954:
9953:
9948:
9943:
9938:
9928:
9923:
9918:
9913:
9908:
9903:
9898:
9893:
9888:
9883:
9878:
9873:
9868:
9863:
9858:
9853:
9848:
9847:
9846:
9836:
9831:
9826:
9821:
9816:
9811:
9810:
9809:
9799:
9794:
9789:
9784:
9783:
9782:
9772:
9767:
9762:
9757:
9752:
9747:
9746:
9745:
9740:
9735:
9733:Manx Americans
9730:
9725:
9715:
9710:
9705:
9700:
9695:
9690:
9685:
9674:
9672:
9666:
9665:
9663:
9662:
9661:
9660:
9655:
9650:
9649:
9648:
9638:
9633:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9613:
9612:
9611:
9606:
9601:
9596:
9591:
9586:
9581:
9576:
9571:
9566:
9561:
9556:
9549:Arab Americans
9540:
9539:
9538:
9537:
9526:
9525:
9524:
9523:
9518:
9516:Thai Americans
9513:
9508:
9503:
9498:
9493:
9488:
9483:
9478:
9473:
9472:
9471:
9459:Southeast Asia
9456:
9455:
9454:
9453:
9452:
9442:
9441:
9440:
9435:
9425:
9420:
9415:
9414:
9413:
9408:
9403:
9398:
9393:
9388:
9383:
9373:
9368:
9367:
9366:
9351:
9350:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9338:
9337:
9327:
9326:
9325:
9320:
9319:
9318:
9313:
9308:
9298:
9283:
9282:
9281:
9276:
9271:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9251:
9246:
9245:
9244:
9229:
9228:
9227:
9216:
9214:
9210:
9209:
9207:
9206:
9205:
9204:
9199:
9198:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9172:
9171:
9170:
9154:
9153:
9152:
9151:
9146:
9141:
9132:
9131:
9130:
9129:
9128:
9127:
9122:
9121:
9120:
9115:
9110:
9105:
9100:
9095:
9090:
9085:
9080:
9075:
9070:
9065:
9060:
9050:
9049:
9048:
9043:
9038:
9033:
9023:
9022:
9021:
9016:
9011:
9006:
8996:
8994:Igbo Americans
8991:
8989:Fula Americans
8986:
8985:
8984:
8979:
8974:
8969:
8954:
8953:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8941:
8940:
8935:
8930:
8925:
8920:
8915:
8910:
8905:
8900:
8895:
8890:
8885:
8880:
8875:
8854:
8852:
8845:
8837:
8836:
8834:
8833:
8828:
8823:
8821:Scientologists
8818:
8813:
8808:
8803:
8798:
8797:
8796:
8794:Value Creators
8791:
8786:
8781:
8776:
8766:
8761:
8756:
8751:
8750:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8724:
8719:
8713:
8711:
8705:
8704:
8702:
8701:
8696:
8691:
8686:
8681:
8676:
8675:
8674:
8669:
8664:
8654:
8649:
8644:
8642:Middle classes
8639:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8607:Home-ownership
8604:
8599:
8594:
8589:
8583:
8581:
8575:
8574:
8569:
8566:
8565:
8558:
8557:
8550:
8543:
8535:
8526:
8525:
8523:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8506:
8504:
8500:
8499:
8497:
8496:
8494:Chumash people
8491:
8485:
8483:
8479:
8478:
8476:
8475:
8470:
8465:
8460:
8455:
8450:
8445:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8389:
8387:
8383:
8382:
8380:
8379:
8374:
8369:
8364:
8363:
8362:
8351:
8349:
8348:Middle Eastern
8345:
8344:
8342:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8311:
8306:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8275:
8273:
8269:
8268:
8266:
8265:
8263:South Africans
8260:
8255:
8250:
8245:
8240:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8220:
8218:South Africans
8215:
8210:
8204:
8202:
8198:
8197:
8190:
8188:
8186:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8165:
8160:
8155:
8150:
8145:
8139:
8137:
8136:Latin American
8133:
8132:
8125:
8124:
8117:
8110:
8102:
8093:
8092:
8090:
8089:
8077:
8071:
8068:
8067:
8065:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8028:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8007:
8006:
8005:
8000:
7998:Visual artists
7995:
7990:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7965:
7960:
7958:Mathematicians
7955:
7950:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7919:
7917:
7913:
7912:
7910:
7909:
7908:
7907:
7899:
7894:
7893:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7864:
7863:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7847:
7836:
7834:
7828:
7827:
7825:
7824:
7819:
7814:
7809:
7808:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7782:
7777:
7775:South Carolina
7772:
7767:
7766:
7765:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7745:North Carolina
7742:
7741:
7740:
7730:
7725:
7724:
7723:
7713:
7708:
7707:
7706:
7698:
7697:
7696:
7690:Massachusetts
7688:
7687:
7686:
7676:
7671:
7670:
7669:
7659:
7654:
7653:
7652:
7642:
7637:
7636:
7635:
7625:
7620:
7619:
7618:
7608:
7607:
7606:
7601:
7591:
7586:
7585:
7584:
7579:
7569:
7564:
7558:
7556:
7552:
7551:
7549:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7537:
7536:
7535:
7534:
7532:social context
7529:
7519:
7509:
7508:
7507:
7497:
7491:
7489:
7485:
7484:
7482:
7481:
7480:
7479:
7474:
7464:
7459:
7458:
7457:
7452:
7442:
7441:
7440:
7429:
7427:
7423:
7422:
7420:
7419:
7414:
7413:
7412:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7386:
7385:
7383:Creek Freedmen
7380:
7375:
7370:
7360:
7358:Alabama Creole
7355:
7354:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7329:
7327:
7323:
7322:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7298:Central (CIAA)
7294:
7292:
7287:
7284:
7283:
7281:
7280:
7275:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7255:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7219:
7213:
7209:
7208:
7206:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7134:
7132:
7127:
7124:
7123:
7121:
7120:
7115:
7114:
7113:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7091:Pan-Africanism
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7072:
7071:
7061:
7056:
7050:
7048:
7044:
7043:
7041:
7040:
7035:
7033:Black theology
7030:
7025:
7024:
7023:
7013:
7012:
7011:
7006:
6996:
6990:
6988:
6982:
6981:
6979:
6978:
6977:
6976:
6974:in STEM fields
6971:
6966:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6932:
6930:
6929:and technology
6924:
6923:
6921:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6868:Harriet Tubman
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6798:Michelle Obama
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6728:Barbara Jordan
6725:
6723:Harriet Jacobs
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6613:Amelia Boynton
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6579:
6577:
6576:Notable people
6573:
6572:
6570:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6512:LGBT community
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6493:
6492:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6436:
6434:
6428:
6427:
6425:
6424:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6408:
6407:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6364:
6359:
6352:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6311:
6306:
6305:
6304:
6299:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6255:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6227:Freedom Riders
6224:
6219:
6211:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6190:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6171:
6166:
6158:
6153:
6151:Black genocide
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6107:
6105:
6099:
6098:
6091:
6090:
6083:
6076:
6068:
6062:
6061:
6055:
6040:
6020:
6015:
6008:
6007:External links
6005:
6004:
6003:
5992:
5973:
5954:
5935:
5916:
5895:
5876:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5850:
5831:
5806:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5763:
5752:
5701:
5675:
5649:
5613:
5577:
5542:
5516:
5485:
5457:
5429:
5395:
5377:
5351:
5323:
5297:
5278:
5252:
5241:. July 4, 2023
5226:
5200:
5175:
5161:
5138:
5127:
5116:
5090:
5065:
5034:
5003:
4970:
4951:
4925:
4906:
4887:
4863:
4837:
4813:
4787:
4759:
4740:
4709:
4689:
4674:. CalMatters.
4662:
4629:
4603:
4567:
4539:
4513:
4482:
4461:
4442:
4422:
4389:
4356:
4349:
4329:
4304:
4271:
4240:
4204:
4171:
4141:
4115:
4095:
4069:
4044:
4009:
4002:
3982:
3970:Westside Voice
3956:
3928:
3910:
3886:
3875:
3861:
3842:
3831:
3824:
3804:
3797:
3777:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3554:
3553:
3546:
3544:
3539:Charles Mingus
3537:
3536:
3529:
3527:
3520:
3519:
3512:
3510:
3503:
3502:
3495:
3493:
3486:
3485:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3457:
3455:
3451:Mervyn Dymally
3449:
3448:
3441:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3425:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3396:
3390:Karrueche Tran
3387:
3381:
3375:
3365:
3355:
3349:
3343:
3337:
3334:Charles Mingus
3331:
3325:
3315:
3309:
3299:
3289:
3279:
3266:
3260:
3257:Mervyn Dymally
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3199:
3198:
3178:
3176:
3165:
3164:Notable people
3162:
3157:
3156:Gentrification
3154:
3148:
3147:Discrimination
3145:
3122:
3119:
3115:Ladera Heights
3085:
3082:
3069:
3066:
3056:There is many
2970:
2969:
2963:September 2014
2949:
2947:
2936:
2933:
2916:San Bernardino
2888:Ladera Heights
2875:
2872:
2806:
2803:
2692:San Bernardino
2679:
2676:
2647:
2644:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2615:
2613:
2606:
2605:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2584:
2551:
2548:
2471:William Parker
2396:Central Avenue
2351:
2348:
2315:
2312:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2220:
2218:
2207:
2204:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1914:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1722:Black genocide
1718:
1715:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1629:US communities
1626:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1586:South Carolina
1583:
1581:North Carolina
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1403:South Carolina
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1383:North Carolina
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1240:Samaná English
1237:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1190:LGBT community
1186:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1147:Creek Freedmen
1144:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1117:Carmel Indians
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
998:Central (CIAA)
992:
991:
987:
986:
985:
984:
974:
971:
970:
967:
966:
961:
960:
958:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
909:
906:
905:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
886:
885:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
865:Pan-Africanism
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
811:
808:
807:
803:
802:
800:
799:
794:
789:
784:
778:
775:
774:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
755:
754:
752:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
715:
712:
711:
707:
706:
704:
703:
698:
696:Black theology
692:
689:
688:
684:
683:
681:
680:
674:
671:
670:
664:
659:
658:
655:
654:
649:
648:
646:
645:
640:
633:
628:
627:
626:
616:
611:
610:
609:
598:
595:
594:
590:
589:
587:
586:
581:
576:
571:
565:
562:
561:
560:Economic class
557:
556:
554:
553:
548:
543:
538:
532:
529:
528:
524:
523:
521:
520:
515:
510:
504:
501:
500:
499:Academic study
496:
495:
493:
492:
487:
482:
476:
471:
465:
462:
461:
457:
456:
454:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
402:
399:
398:
392:
387:
386:
383:
382:
377:
376:
375:
374:
369:
364:
356:
355:
351:
350:
349:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
320:
319:
315:
314:
313:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
281:
280:
270:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
227:
226:
220:
215:
214:
211:
210:
204:
203:
191:
190:
173:
172:
143:
141:
134:
127:
126:
106:the key points
96:
94:
87:
82:
56:
55:
53:
46:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11323:
11312:
11309:
11307:
11304:
11303:
11301:
11285:
11282:
11280:
11277:
11275:
11272:
11270:
11267:
11265:
11262:
11260:
11257:
11255:
11252:
11250:
11247:
11245:
11242:
11240:
11237:
11235:
11232:
11230:
11227:
11226:
11222:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11208:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11193:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11176:
11173:
11169:
11166:
11164:
11161:
11160:
11159:
11156:
11154:
11151:
11149:
11146:
11145:
11143:
11141:
11137:
11131:
11128:
11126:
11123:
11121:
11118:
11116:
11113:
11111:
11108:
11106:
11103:
11101:
11098:
11096:
11093:
11091:
11088:
11086:
11083:
11081:
11078:
11076:
11073:
11071:
11068:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11055:
11054:
11051:
11050:
11048:
11044:
11040:
11036:
11029:
11024:
11022:
11017:
11015:
11010:
11009:
11006:
10992:
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10978:
10977:
10976:United States
10974:
10972:
10969:
10967:
10964:
10962:
10959:
10957:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10942:
10939:
10937:
10934:
10933:
10930:
10921:
10916:
10914:
10909:
10907:
10902:
10901:
10898:
10886:
10885:United States
10883:
10881:
10878:
10876:
10873:
10871:
10868:
10866:
10863:
10861:
10858:
10856:
10853:
10851:
10848:
10846:
10843:
10842:
10839:
10830:
10825:
10823:
10818:
10816:
10811:
10810:
10807:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10780:
10776:
10773:
10772:
10771:
10768:
10766:
10763:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10747:
10744:
10738:
10735:
10733:
10730:
10728:
10725:
10723:
10720:
10718:
10715:
10713:
10710:
10708:
10705:
10703:
10700:
10698:
10695:
10694:
10692:
10690:
10686:
10680:
10677:
10675:
10672:
10670:
10667:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10652:
10650:
10647:
10645:
10642:
10640:
10637:
10635:
10632:
10630:
10627:
10625:
10622:
10621:
10619:
10617:South America
10615:
10607:
10604:
10602:
10599:
10598:
10596:
10592:
10589:
10587:
10584:
10582:
10579:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10562:
10559:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10549:
10548:
10547:
10544:
10543:
10541:
10539:
10535:
10525:
10522:
10520:
10517:
10516:
10515:
10512:
10510:
10507:
10505:
10502:
10500:
10497:
10493:
10490:
10488:
10485:
10483:
10480:
10478:
10475:
10473:
10470:
10468:
10465:
10463:
10460:
10459:
10457:
10456:
10455:
10452:
10451:
10448:
10445:
10444:
10439:
10436:
10434:
10431:
10429:
10426:
10424:
10421:
10419:
10416:
10414:
10411:
10409:
10406:
10404:
10401:
10399:
10396:
10395:
10394:
10391:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10359:
10357:
10354:
10352:
10349:
10347:
10344:
10342:
10339:
10335:
10332:
10330:
10327:
10326:
10325:
10322:
10320:
10317:
10315:
10312:
10310:
10307:
10305:
10302:
10300:
10297:
10295:
10292:
10290:
10287:
10285:
10282:
10280:
10277:
10273:
10270:
10268:
10265:
10263:
10260:
10258:
10255:
10253:
10250:
10246:
10243:
10241:
10238:
10236:
10233:
10231:
10228:
10226:
10223:
10222:
10221:
10218:
10216:
10213:
10211:
10208:
10206:
10203:
10201:
10198:
10196:
10193:
10191:
10188:
10186:
10183:
10181:
10178:
10176:
10173:
10171:
10168:
10166:
10163:
10161:
10158:
10156:
10153:
10151:
10148:
10146:
10143:
10142:
10141:
10138:
10136:
10133:
10131:
10128:
10126:
10123:
10121:
10118:
10114:
10111:
10109:
10106:
10104:
10101:
10099:
10096:
10094:
10091:
10089:
10086:
10085:
10084:
10081:
10079:
10076:
10074:
10071:
10069:
10066:
10064:
10061:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10051:
10049:
10046:
10044:
10041:
10039:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10024:
10021:
10020:
10019:
10016:
10015:
10013:
10011:North America
10009:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9991:
9988:
9986:
9983:
9979:
9976:
9975:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9952:
9949:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9939:
9937:
9934:
9933:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9874:
9872:
9869:
9867:
9864:
9862:
9859:
9857:
9854:
9852:
9849:
9845:
9842:
9841:
9840:
9837:
9835:
9832:
9830:
9827:
9825:
9822:
9820:
9817:
9815:
9812:
9808:
9805:
9804:
9803:
9800:
9798:
9795:
9793:
9790:
9788:
9785:
9781:
9778:
9777:
9776:
9773:
9771:
9768:
9766:
9763:
9761:
9758:
9756:
9753:
9751:
9748:
9744:
9741:
9739:
9736:
9734:
9731:
9729:
9726:
9724:
9721:
9720:
9719:
9716:
9714:
9711:
9709:
9706:
9704:
9701:
9699:
9696:
9694:
9691:
9689:
9686:
9684:
9681:
9680:
9679:
9676:
9675:
9673:
9671:
9667:
9659:
9656:
9654:
9651:
9647:
9644:
9643:
9642:
9639:
9637:
9634:
9632:
9629:
9627:
9624:
9622:
9619:
9617:
9614:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9585:
9582:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9565:
9562:
9560:
9557:
9555:
9552:
9551:
9550:
9547:
9546:
9545:
9542:
9541:
9536:
9533:
9532:
9531:
9528:
9527:
9522:
9519:
9517:
9514:
9512:
9509:
9507:
9504:
9502:
9499:
9497:
9494:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9484:
9482:
9479:
9477:
9474:
9470:
9467:
9466:
9465:
9462:
9461:
9460:
9457:
9451:
9448:
9447:
9446:
9443:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9431:
9430:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9412:
9409:
9407:
9404:
9402:
9399:
9397:
9394:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9384:
9382:
9379:
9378:
9377:
9374:
9372:
9369:
9365:
9362:
9361:
9360:
9357:
9356:
9355:
9352:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9336:
9333:
9332:
9331:
9328:
9324:
9321:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9303:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9293:
9292:
9289:
9288:
9287:
9284:
9280:
9277:
9275:
9272:
9270:
9267:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9250:
9247:
9243:
9240:
9239:
9238:
9235:
9234:
9233:
9230:
9226:
9223:
9222:
9221:
9218:
9217:
9215:
9211:
9203:
9200:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9177:
9176:
9173:
9169:
9166:
9165:
9164:
9161:
9160:
9159:
9156:
9155:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9142:
9140:
9137:
9136:
9134:
9133:
9126:
9123:
9119:
9116:
9114:
9111:
9109:
9106:
9104:
9101:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9079:
9076:
9074:
9071:
9069:
9066:
9064:
9061:
9059:
9056:
9055:
9054:
9051:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9032:
9029:
9028:
9027:
9024:
9020:
9017:
9015:
9012:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9002:
9001:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8968:
8965:
8964:
8963:
8960:
8959:
8958:
8955:
8951:
8950:Black Indians
8948:
8946:
8943:
8939:
8936:
8934:
8931:
8929:
8926:
8924:
8921:
8919:
8916:
8914:
8911:
8909:
8906:
8904:
8901:
8899:
8896:
8894:
8891:
8889:
8886:
8884:
8881:
8879:
8876:
8874:
8871:
8870:
8869:
8866:
8865:
8864:
8861:
8860:
8859:
8856:
8855:
8853:
8849:
8846:
8844:
8838:
8832:
8829:
8827:
8824:
8822:
8819:
8817:
8814:
8812:
8811:Non-religious
8809:
8807:
8804:
8802:
8799:
8795:
8792:
8790:
8787:
8785:
8782:
8780:
8777:
8775:
8772:
8771:
8770:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8760:
8757:
8755:
8752:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8729:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8715:
8714:
8712:
8710:
8706:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8673:
8670:
8668:
8665:
8663:
8660:
8659:
8658:
8655:
8653:
8650:
8648:
8645:
8643:
8640:
8638:
8635:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8608:
8605:
8603:
8600:
8598:
8595:
8593:
8590:
8588:
8585:
8584:
8582:
8576:
8572:
8567:
8563:
8556:
8551:
8549:
8544:
8542:
8537:
8536:
8533:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8507:
8505:
8501:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8486:
8484:
8480:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8456:
8454:
8451:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8390:
8388:
8384:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8361:
8358:
8357:
8356:
8353:
8352:
8350:
8346:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8276:
8274:
8270:
8264:
8261:
8259:
8256:
8254:
8251:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8214:
8211:
8209:
8206:
8205:
8203:
8199:
8194:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8163:Puerto Ricans
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8144:
8141:
8140:
8138:
8134:
8130:
8123:
8118:
8116:
8111:
8109:
8104:
8103:
8100:
8088:
8078:
8076:
8073:
8072:
8069:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8057:Neighborhoods
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8020:Sports firsts
8018:
8016:
8013:
8012:
8011:
8008:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7925:
7924:
7921:
7920:
7918:
7914:
7906:
7903:
7902:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7867:
7865:
7861:
7858:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7842:
7841:
7838:
7837:
7835:
7833:
7829:
7823:
7822:West Virginia
7820:
7818:
7815:
7813:
7810:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7787:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7764:
7761:
7760:
7759:Pennsylvania
7758:
7756:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7739:
7738:New York City
7736:
7735:
7734:
7731:
7729:
7726:
7722:
7719:
7718:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7709:
7705:
7702:
7701:
7699:
7695:
7692:
7691:
7689:
7685:
7682:
7681:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7668:
7665:
7664:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7651:
7648:
7647:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7634:
7631:
7630:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7617:
7614:
7613:
7612:
7609:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7596:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7583:
7582:San Francisco
7580:
7578:
7575:
7574:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7555:By state/city
7553:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7524:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7514:
7513:
7510:
7506:
7503:
7502:
7501:
7500:American Sign
7498:
7496:
7493:
7492:
7490:
7486:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7469:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7447:
7446:
7443:
7439:
7436:
7435:
7434:
7433:Neighborhoods
7431:
7430:
7428:
7424:
7418:
7415:
7411:
7408:
7407:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7369:
7366:
7365:
7364:
7363:Black Indians
7361:
7359:
7356:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7333:
7331:
7330:
7328:
7324:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7295:
7293:
7285:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7220:
7217:
7214:
7210:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7135:
7133:
7125:
7119:
7116:
7112:
7109:
7108:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7070:
7067:
7066:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7052:
7051:
7049:
7045:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7017:
7014:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7001:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6991:
6989:
6987:
6983:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6961:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6941:Black schools
6939:
6937:
6936:Black studies
6934:
6933:
6931:
6925:
6919:
6918:Whitney Young
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6908:Oprah Winfrey
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6878:Denmark Vesey
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6823:Joseph Rainey
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6778:Toni Morrison
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6763:Joseph Lowery
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6708:Jesse Jackson
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6698:Kamala Harris
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6683:Marcus Garvey
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6633:Blanche Bruce
6631:
6629:
6628:Edward Brooke
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6618:James Bradley
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6598:James Baldwin
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6578:
6574:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6542:Neighborhoods
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6491:
6488:
6487:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6437:
6435:
6433:
6429:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6406:
6403:
6402:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6395:Silent Parade
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6357:
6353:
6351:
6350:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6323:Jim Crow laws
6321:
6319:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6294:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6272:
6271:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6163:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6146:Black cowboys
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6104:
6100:
6096:
6089:
6084:
6082:
6077:
6075:
6070:
6069:
6066:
6058:
6052:
6048:
6047:
6041:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6010:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5974:
5971:
5967:
5963:
5959:
5955:
5952:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5937:Sides, Josh.
5936:
5933:
5929:
5925:
5921:
5917:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5896:
5893:
5889:
5885:
5881:
5877:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5857:
5854:Other reading
5848:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5832:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5817:
5813:
5812:Hunt, Darnell
5809:
5808:
5788:
5784:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5767:
5761:
5756:
5740:
5736:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5720:
5716:
5712:
5705:
5690:
5686:
5679:
5663:
5659:
5653:
5638:
5634:
5630:
5629:
5624:
5617:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5593:
5588:
5581:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5557:
5552:
5546:
5530:
5526:
5520:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5489:
5474:
5473:
5468:
5461:
5446:
5445:
5440:
5433:
5418:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5399:
5391:
5387:
5381:
5366:
5362:
5355:
5340:
5339:
5338:BlackPast.org
5334:
5327:
5311:
5310:Rolling Stone
5307:
5301:
5293:
5289:
5282:
5267:
5263:
5256:
5240:
5236:
5230:
5215:
5211:
5204:
5189:
5185:
5179:
5171:
5165:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5145:
5143:
5136:
5131:
5125:
5120:
5104:
5100:
5094:
5079:
5076:
5069:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5038:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5007:
4991:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4974:
4966:
4962:
4955:
4939:
4935:
4929:
4922:
4921:
4916:
4910:
4894:
4890:
4888:9780520296206
4884:
4881:. p. 7.
4880:
4876:
4875:
4867:
4851:
4847:
4841:
4834:
4833:
4828:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4810:
4809:
4804:
4798:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4756:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4713:
4705:
4704:
4699:
4693:
4677:
4673:
4666:
4650:
4646:
4645:
4640:
4633:
4618:
4614:
4607:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4571:
4555:
4554:
4549:
4543:
4528:
4524:
4517:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4486:
4478:
4474:
4468:
4466:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4435:
4434:
4426:
4410:
4407:. p. 1.
4406:
4405:
4400:
4393:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4360:
4352:
4350:9780739197363
4346:
4342:
4341:
4333:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4292:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4275:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4244:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4213:
4211:
4209:
4192:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4175:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4145:
4130:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4102:Stanford, p.
4099:
4083:
4079:
4073:
4058:
4054:
4048:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4013:
4005:
4003:9780814775356
3999:
3996:. NYU Press.
3995:
3994:
3986:
3971:
3967:
3960:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3932:
3924:
3920:
3914:
3906:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3890:
3884:
3879:
3871:
3865:
3857:
3853:
3846:
3840:
3835:
3827:
3825:9781598842197
3821:
3817:
3816:
3808:
3800:
3798:9780295749501
3794:
3790:
3789:
3781:
3773:
3767:
3763:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3569:
3557:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3522:Nipsey Hussle
3516:
3511:
3506:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3482:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3467:Maxine Waters
3461:
3456:
3452:
3445:
3440:
3436:
3429:
3424:
3420:
3413:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3346:Maxine Waters
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3319:
3318:Nipsey Hussle
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3283:
3282:Magic Johnson
3280:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3245:Nat King Cole
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3219:Paul Williams
3216:
3209:
3205:
3195:
3186:
3182:
3179:This section
3177:
3174:
3170:
3169:
3161:
3153:
3144:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3095:
3091:
3081:
3079:
3075:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3054:
3052:
3047:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
2998:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2980:
2976:
2966:
2957:
2953:
2950:This section
2948:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2900:Newport Beach
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2827:Moreno Valley
2824:
2823:Inland Empire
2820:
2816:
2812:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2795:New York City
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2747:Santa Barbara
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2660:Baldwin Hills
2657:
2653:
2639:
2626:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2602:
2597:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2557:
2547:
2545:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2386:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2338:In 1872, the
2336:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2288:In 1781, the
2283:
2279:
2274:
2267:
2263:
2256:
2252:
2237:
2228:
2224:
2221:This section
2219:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2092:Afro-Mexicans
2089:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2055:
2050:
2048:
2043:
2041:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1855:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1792:
1791:Minstrel show
1789:
1787:
1786:Magical Negro
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1703:
1702:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1597:
1596:West Virginia
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1532:
1531:San Francisco
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1511:New York City
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1293:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1204:
1203:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1162:Nova Scotians
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:Black Indians
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1031:
1030:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:HBCU (HBCUAC)
1001:
999:
996:
995:
994:
993:
989:
988:
983:
980:
979:
978:
977:
969:
968:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
911:
910:
908:
907:
904:Organizations
903:
902:
894:
893:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
810:
809:
805:
804:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
777:
776:
773:Organizations
772:
771:
763:
762:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
716:
714:
713:
709:
708:
702:
699:
697:
694:
693:
691:
690:
686:
685:
679:
676:
675:
673:
672:
668:
667:
662:
657:
656:
644:
641:
638:
634:
632:
629:
625:
622:
621:
620:
617:
615:
612:
608:
605:
604:
603:
600:
599:
597:
596:
592:
591:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
566:
564:
563:
559:
558:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
533:
531:
530:
526:
525:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
505:
503:
502:
498:
497:
491:
488:
486:
483:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
466:
464:
463:
459:
458:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
441:Neighborhoods
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
401:
400:
396:
395:
390:
385:
384:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
359:
358:
357:
353:
352:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
323:
322:
321:
317:
316:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
279:
276:
275:
274:
271:
268:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
230:
229:
228:
224:
223:
218:
213:
212:
209:
206:
205:
201:
197:
196:
187:
184:
169:
159:
155:
151:
147:
144:This article
142:
133:
132:
123:
113:
107:
105:
100:
95:
91:
86:
85:
80:
78:
71:
70:
65:
64:
59:
54:
45:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
19:
11264:Northwest LA
11259:Northeast LA
11158:City Council
11095:Demographics
9232:Central Asia
8831:Zoroastrians
8679:Social class
8360:Palestinians
8334:Singaporeans
8279:Bangladeshis
8243:Trinidadians
7973:Sportspeople
7943:Billionaires
7860:Sierra Leone
7763:Philadelphia
7599:Jacksonville
7576:
7426:Demographics
7258:Jack Johnson
7248:Muhammad Ali
7081:Conservatism
7016:Black church
6913:Andrew Young
6898:Ida B. Wells
6888:David Walker
6883:C. T. Vivian
6838:Paul Robeson
6833:Hiram Revels
6813:Colin Powell
6793:Barack Obama
6748:James Lawson
6703:Jimi Hendrix
6673:James Farmer
6668:Medgar Evers
6638:Ralph Bunche
6588:Maya Angelou
6562:Middle class
6440:Afrofuturism
6366:
6354:
6347:
6268:
6213:
6160:
6126:Afrocentrism
6116:Abolitionism
6045:
6032:. Retrieved
6027:
5995:
5976:
5957:
5938:
5919:
5898:
5879:
5860:
5834:
5815:
5790:. Retrieved
5776:
5766:
5755:
5743:. Retrieved
5721:(1): 54–61.
5718:
5714:
5704:
5692:. Retrieved
5689:The Atlantic
5688:
5678:
5666:. Retrieved
5661:
5652:
5640:. Retrieved
5626:
5616:
5604:. Retrieved
5590:
5580:
5568:. Retrieved
5554:
5545:
5533:. Retrieved
5528:
5519:
5507:. Retrieved
5498:
5488:
5476:. Retrieved
5470:
5460:
5448:. Retrieved
5442:
5432:
5420:. Retrieved
5408:
5398:
5389:
5380:
5368:. Retrieved
5364:
5354:
5342:. Retrieved
5336:
5326:
5314:. Retrieved
5309:
5300:
5291:
5281:
5271:December 27,
5269:. Retrieved
5265:
5255:
5243:. Retrieved
5238:
5229:
5217:. Retrieved
5213:
5203:
5191:. Retrieved
5187:
5178:
5164:
5130:
5119:
5107:. Retrieved
5102:
5093:
5081:. Retrieved
5077:
5068:
5056:. Retrieved
5047:
5037:
5020:
5016:
5006:
4996:December 18,
4994:. Retrieved
4983:
4973:
4964:
4954:
4942:. Retrieved
4937:
4928:
4918:
4909:
4897:. Retrieved
4873:
4866:
4856:February 26,
4854:. Retrieved
4840:
4830:
4806:
4780:
4752:
4743:
4731:. Retrieved
4727:the original
4722:
4712:
4701:
4692:
4682:February 15,
4680:. Retrieved
4665:
4653:. Retrieved
4642:
4632:
4620:. Retrieved
4616:
4606:
4594:. Retrieved
4580:
4570:
4558:. Retrieved
4551:
4542:
4530:. Retrieved
4526:
4516:
4504:. Retrieved
4495:
4485:
4476:
4452:. Retrieved
4436:. CQ Press.
4432:
4425:
4415:February 28,
4413:. Retrieved
4402:
4392:
4380:. Retrieved
4369:
4359:
4339:
4332:
4321:the original
4307:
4297:February 29,
4295:. Retrieved
4284:
4274:
4264:February 26,
4262:. Retrieved
4243:
4231:. Retrieved
4195:. Retrieved
4184:
4174:
4162:. Retrieved
4144:
4132:. Retrieved
4128:
4118:
4098:
4086:. Retrieved
4082:the original
4072:
4060:. Retrieved
4056:
4047:
4035:. Retrieved
4021:
4012:
3992:
3985:
3973:. Retrieved
3969:
3959:
3947:. Retrieved
3941:
3931:
3913:
3898:
3889:
3878:
3864:
3855:
3845:
3834:
3814:
3807:
3787:
3780:
3766:
3399:Kofi Siriboe
3340:Tavis Smiley
3192:October 2023
3189:
3185:adding to it
3180:
3159:
3150:
3130:
3096:
3093:
3071:
3055:
3051:black Muslim
3048:
3041:
3022:
3003:
2991:black church
2984:
2960:
2956:adding to it
2951:
2931:immigrants.
2880:
2877:
2853:
2842:
2839:
2808:
2761:, including
2720:
2708:Garden Grove
2681:
2649:
2571:
2560:
2553:
2550:21st century
2541:
2533:Joyce Karlin
2516:
2505:
2494:
2475:
2469:
2465:white flight
2462:
2458:World War II
2432:brought the
2430:World War II
2428:
2400:
2389:
2353:
2350:20th century
2337:
2317:
2314:19th century
2302:
2294:Afro-Spanish
2287:
2246:18th century
2231:
2227:adding to it
2222:
2189:
2186:
2170:
2107:
2104:
2085:
2076:
2074:
2011:Palestinians
1881:
1689:Sierra Leone
1521:Philadelphia
1505:
1491:Jacksonville
1087:Brass Ankles
840:Conservatism
815:Afrocentrism
787:Joint Center
678:Black church
669:Institutions
584:Billionaires
574:Middle class
527:Celebrations
490:Fraternities
179:
163:
149:
145:
117:
101:
99:lead section
74:
67:
61:
60:Please help
57:
26:
11249:Harbor Area
11090:Skyscrapers
11039:Los Angeles
10770:2010 census
10689:Multiethnic
9978:Californios
9844:before 1880
8747:Protestants
8709:By religion
8622:Immigration
8578:By economic
8520:Australians
8324:Indonesians
8178:Nicaraguans
8153:Salvadorans
7993:US senators
7963:Republicans
7948:Journalists
7805:San Antonio
7770:Puerto Rico
7711:Mississippi
7604:Tallahassee
7577:Los Angeles
7268:Jesse Owens
7253:Arthur Ashe
7111:Nationalism
7101:Raised fist
7064:Black power
6969:in medicine
6903:Roy Wilkins
6858:Emmett Till
6843:Al Sharpton
6608:Julian Bond
6603:James Bevel
6567:Upper class
6557:Stereotypes
6450:Black mecca
6362:Plantations
6141:Black Codes
6034:December 9,
5658:"Tim Moore"
5365:SowetanLIVE
3419:Tom Bradley
3328:Regina King
3263:Larry Elder
3221:, architect
3049:There is a
3025:gangsta rap
3014:stereotypes
2904:Los Angeles
2787:San Antonio
2783:New Orleans
2779:Little Rock
2751:Simi Valley
2662:, Central,
2556:Ray Charles
2519:Rodney King
2508:Tom Bradley
2490:Willowbrook
2478:Watts Riots
2442:Mississippi
2419:World War I
2368:New Orleans
2344:Biddy Mason
2255:Biddy Mason
2130:Afro-Latino
2128:. Some are
1911:Salvadorans
1897:Bangladeshi
1757:Stereotypes
1684:Nova Scotia
1566:Mississippi
1526:San Antonio
1506:Los Angeles
1441:Black mecca
1368:Mississippi
1275:Negro Dutch
1097:Dominickers
1041:Multiethnic
950:TransAfrica
860:Nationalism
830:Black power
614:Black pride
579:Upper class
278:Politicians
11300:Categories
11140:Government
10697:Afro-Asian
10319:Potawatomi
10150:Chemehuevi
9354:South Asia
8816:Rastafaris
8774:Ahmadiyyas
8727:Christians
8602:Emigration
8580:and social
8438:Ukrainians
8423:Hungarians
8398:Bulgarians
8339:Mongolians
8329:Malaysians
8319:Vietnamese
8233:Afro-Asian
8208:Ethiopians
8173:Colombians
7938:Astronauts
7728:New Jersey
7572:California
7076:Capitalism
6873:Nat Turner
6803:Rosa Parks
6788:Diane Nash
6758:John Lewis
6547:Newspapers
6517:Literature
6502:Juneteenth
6455:Businesses
6309:Exodusters
6277:Free Negro
5989:0934934045
5970:0691025487
5951:0520248309
5932:0520245202
5913:1400834007
5892:0814773060
5873:0520249909
5847:0738580945
5828:0814773060
5805:References
5694:August 17,
5316:August 17,
5193:August 17,
5148:Moore, p.
5058:August 28,
4655:August 13,
4382:August 12,
3505:Jhené Aiko
3302:Carl Lewis
3269:Etta James
3227:Jhené Aiko
3088:See also:
3010:equestrian
2868:Long Beach
2825:, such as
2759:U.S. South
2731:Sacramento
2672:West Adams
2360:Shreveport
2280:LA at the
2021:Ukrainians
1932:Ethiopians
1902:Cambodians
1323:California
1297:Population
870:Patriotism
855:Liberalism
835:Capitalism
806:Ideologies
687:Theologies
546:Juneteenth
518:Literature
446:Newspapers
354:Migrations
285:Juneteenth
63:improve it
29:See also:
11205:Libraries
11163:President
11080:Landmarks
10981:Baltimore
10936:Australia
10845:Australia
10727:Melungeon
10702:Amerasian
10428:Tsimshian
10235:Chochenyo
10180:Kitanemuk
10130:Menominee
10113:Tuscarora
10048:Chickasaw
10033:Blackfeet
9544:West Asia
9286:East Asia
8806:Neopagans
8732:Catholics
8722:Buddhists
8587:Affluence
8453:Romanians
8443:Spaniards
8393:Albanians
8386:Europeans
8367:Armenians
8309:Taiwanese
8289:Filipinos
8258:Nigerians
8253:Jamaicans
8213:Eritreans
8183:Hondurans
8158:Peruvians
8052:Monuments
7928:Activists
7780:Tennessee
7700:Michigan
7684:Baltimore
7674:Louisiana
7667:Lexington
7650:Davenport
7589:Cleveland
7488:Languages
7417:Melungeon
7395:Blaxicans
7263:Joe Louis
7118:Socialism
7054:Anarchism
6783:Bob Moses
6768:Malcolm X
6688:Fred Gray
6552:Soul food
6490:New Negro
6475:Folktales
6385:Redlining
5884:NYU Press
5820:NYU Press
5787:2165-1736
5745:April 23,
5735:0162-2897
5637:0362-4331
5601:0362-4331
5565:0362-4331
5417:0362-4331
5109:March 22,
5083:March 22,
5048:Curbed LA
4899:April 10,
4622:March 19,
4596:March 19,
4591:0362-4331
4506:August 7,
4454:August 7,
4233:April 30,
4197:April 25,
4164:April 30,
4088:April 16,
4032:0458-3035
3558:, rapper
3103:South Bay
3044:soul food
2987:Christian
2912:Riverside
2892:View Park
2864:Hawthorne
2860:Lancaster
2799:Las Vegas
2767:Charlotte
2727:San Diego
2704:Santa Ana
2688:Riverside
2517:In 1991,
2506:In 1973,
2495:In 1972,
2476:The 1965
2438:Louisiana
2324:Gold Rush
2298:New Spain
2278:AIDS Walk
2234:July 2023
2200:Eritreans
2192:Ethiopian
2118:Inglewood
1937:Filipinos
1921:Taiwanese
1887:Armenians
1781:Hollywood
1771:Blackface
1706:Prejudice
1624:US cities
1501:Lexington
1476:Davenport
1456:Baltimore
1432:US cities
1408:Tennessee
1358:Louisiana
1304:US states
1112:Melungeon
1082:Blaxicans
880:Socialism
845:Garveyism
820:Anarchism
624:Good hair
451:Soul food
421:Folktales
166:July 2018
156: or
120:July 2018
104:summarize
69:talk page
11279:Westside
11274:South LA
11244:Eastside
11239:Downtown
11058:Timeline
11046:By topic
10707:Blaxican
10519:Chicanos
10413:Gwich'in
10361:Shoshone
10351:Seminole
10279:Muscogee
10252:Tataviam
10215:Suisunes
10165:Diegueño
10145:Cahuilla
10103:Onondaga
10083:Iroquois
10063:Comanche
10058:Colville
10043:Cheyenne
10038:Cherokee
8632:Language
8458:Russians
8428:Italians
8377:Israelis
8372:Iranians
8294:Japanese
8248:Haitians
8238:Garifuna
8228:Blaxican
8148:Mexicans
8075:Category
7866:America
7832:Diaspora
7817:Virginia
7750:Oklahoma
7733:New York
7716:Nebraska
7679:Maryland
7662:Kentucky
7628:Illinois
7567:Arkansas
7472:Illinois
7410:of color
7096:Populism
7069:Movement
6986:Religion
6328:Lynching
6111:Timeline
5983:, 1980.
5964:, 1993.
5841:, 2010.
5792:July 21,
5739:Archived
5668:July 21,
5642:July 21,
5606:July 21,
5570:July 21,
5535:July 21,
5529:NBC News
5509:July 20,
5503:Archived
5478:July 21,
5450:July 21,
5422:July 21,
5344:July 21,
5245:July 21,
5219:July 21,
5153:Archived
5052:Archived
5023:: 4–15.
4990:Archived
4944:June 30,
4893:Archived
4850:Archived
4733:April 8,
4676:Archived
4649:Archived
4560:July 21,
4532:July 21,
4527:ABC News
4500:Archived
4448:Archived
4409:Archived
4376:Archived
4291:Archived
4258:Archived
4227:Archived
4191:Archived
4158:Archived
4107:Archived
4062:July 21,
4037:July 21,
3975:July 21,
3949:July 21,
3905:Archived
3627:Blaxican
3565:See also
3524:, rapper
3507:, singer
3488:Doja Cat
3364:descent.
3362:Eritrean
3324:descent.
3322:Eritrean
3239:Doja Cat
3058:graffiti
3033:Ice Cube
2856:Palmdale
2849:Crenshaw
2833:and the
2578:COVID-19
2574:COVID-19
2567:homeless
2497:Wattstax
2446:Arkansas
2421:veteran
2326:brought
2304:Pío Pico
2182:homeless
2178:homeless
2158:Honduras
2146:Ethiopia
2088:mulattos
2069:Pío Pico
1986:Chicanos
1982:Mexicans
1967:Japanese
1962:Italians
1957:Israelis
1952:Iranians
1821:Category
1644:Diaspora
1571:Missouri
1496:Kentucky
1423:Virginia
1393:Oklahoma
1378:New York
1373:Nebraska
1363:Maryland
1338:Illinois
1318:Arkansas
1157:Merikins
1102:Freedmen
1075:Mascogos
875:Populism
766:Politics
661:Religion
631:Stepping
397:Lifeways
233:Timeline
200:a series
198:Part of
11229:Regions
11180:Airport
11075:Culture
11063:Outline
11053:History
10946:Denmark
10860:Germany
10855:Denmark
10732:Mulatto
10538:Oceania
10433:Tlingit
10423:Iñupiat
10408:Alutiiq
10356:Shawnee
10341:Quechan
10225:Awaswas
10210:Serrano
10205:Salinan
10185:Luiseño
10175:Juaneño
10170:Esselen
10155:Chumash
10053:Choctaw
10023:Abenaki
8769:Muslims
8742:Mormons
8737:Coptics
8717:Baha'is
8652:Poverty
8473:Turkish
8468:English
8413:Germans
8304:Koreans
8299:Indians
8284:Chinese
8223:Mulatto
8201:African
8003:Writers
7968:Singers
7953:Jurists
7901:Europe
7855:Liberia
7800:Houston
7704:Detroit
7640:Indiana
7633:Chicago
7616:Atlanta
7611:Georgia
7594:Florida
7562:Alabama
7512:English
7086:Leftism
6956:Museums
6507:Kwanzaa
6432:Culture
6400:Slavery
6103:History
5370:July 3,
4496:Esquire
4134:July 3,
3394:Blasian
3037:Dr. Dre
3018:Compton
2935:Culture
2925:Mexican
2920:Ventura
2884:Compton
2841:of the
2821:in the
2791:Chicago
2775:Houston
2763:Atlanta
2755:Ventura
2700:Anaheim
2696:Ontario
2563:poverty
2364:Atlanta
2284:in 1988
2206:History
2150:Somalia
2142:Eritrea
2138:Nigeria
2114:Compton
2096:Sinaloa
1977:Koreans
1947:Indians
1917:Chinese
1679:Liberia
1561:Georgia
1556:Florida
1486:Houston
1481:Detroit
1466:Chicago
1451:Atlanta
1343:Indiana
1333:Georgia
1328:Florida
1313:Alabama
1245:Tutnese
1124:Redbone
850:Leftism
551:Kwanzaa
508:Studies
460:Schools
389:Culture
318:Aspects
263:Slavery
225:Periods
217:History
11195:Police
11130:Murals
11105:Sports
10966:Sweden
10961:Norway
10951:Israel
10941:Canada
10875:Sweden
10870:Norway
10850:Canada
10790:Racism
10712:Cajuns
10381:Yakama
10346:Salish
10324:Pueblo
10309:Pawnee
10304:Paiute
10289:Ojibwe
10284:Navajo
10272:Yokuts
10267:Wintun
10257:Tongva
10245:Tamyen
10240:Karkin
10230:Chalon
10220:Ohlone
10195:Patwin
10160:Cupeño
10135:Mohave
10125:Lenape
10108:Seneca
10098:Oneida
10093:Mohawk
10088:Cayuga
10028:Apache
9807:Cajuns
9670:Europe
8851:Africa
8754:Hindus
8694:Wealth
8489:Tongva
8448:Swedes
8418:Greeks
8408:French
8168:Cubans
8015:Mayors
7933:Actors
7905:France
7897:Israel
7885:Mexico
7870:Canada
7845:Gambia
7840:Africa
7790:Austin
7755:Oregon
7694:Boston
7657:Kansas
7623:Hawaii
7541:Gullah
7351:Yoruba
7341:Gullah
7212:Sports
7130:groups
6960:Women
6497:Hoodoo
6371:(1896)
6297:Second
6273:(1857)
6218:(1956)
6165:(1954)
6053:
5987:
5968:
5949:
5930:
5911:
5890:
5871:
5845:
5826:
5785:
5733:
5635:
5599:
5563:
5415:
4965:Scalar
4885:
4589:
4440:
4347:
4030:
4000:
3822:
3795:
3667:Bloods
3135:after
3111:Carson
3078:Bloods
2918:, and
2908:Orange
2896:Malibu
2890:, and
2882:area,
2797:, and
2785:, and
2771:Dallas
2753:, and
2743:Oxnard
2739:Fresno
2716:Rialto
2670:, and
2448:, and
2385:whites
2366:, and
2328:racist
2164:, and
2162:Panama
2154:Belize
2100:Sonora
1990:Xicanx
1927:Croats
1892:Asians
1713:Racism
1674:Israel
1664:France
1659:Canada
1654:Africa
1461:Boston
1398:Oregon
1353:Kansas
1263:Gullah
1152:Gullah
972:Sports
719:Hoodoo
37:, and
11153:Mayor
11125:Lists
11115:Music
11110:Media
11100:Crime
10956:Italy
10865:Italy
10438:Yupik
10418:Haida
10403:Aleut
10386:Yaqui
10366:Sioux
10299:Odawa
10294:Osage
10262:Wappo
10190:Miwok
10120:Kiowa
10078:Houma
8826:Sikhs
8759:Jains
8503:Other
8463:Poles
8433:Irish
8403:Dutch
8355:Arabs
8314:Thais
8272:Asian
7916:Lists
7880:Haiti
7850:Ghana
7785:Texas
7721:Omaha
6999:Islam
6532:Names
6522:Music
6460:Dance
5214:Prism
4723:LAist
4324:(PDF)
4317:(PDF)
3758:Notes
3672:Crips
3273:Watts
3074:Crips
3068:Gangs
2805:1990s
2668:Watts
2450:Texas
2380:NAACP
2356:Texas
2318:Many
2166:Ghana
1826:Index
1669:Ghana
1591:Texas
1516:Omaha
1413:Texas
925:NAACP
436:Names
426:Music
406:Dance
11210:Port
11148:Flag
11035:City
10717:Hapa
10334:Zuni
10314:Pima
10200:Pomo
10073:Crow
10068:Cree
9213:Asia
8764:Jews
8637:LGBT
8515:Roma
8510:Jews
7812:Utah
7645:Iowa
7477:Ohio
7438:list
7346:Igbo
7336:Fula
6480:Hair
6470:Film
6187:1968
6177:1964
6051:ISBN
6036:2023
5985:ISBN
5966:ISBN
5947:ISBN
5928:ISBN
5909:ISBN
5888:ISBN
5869:ISBN
5843:ISBN
5824:ISBN
5794:2023
5783:ISSN
5747:2021
5731:ISSN
5696:2022
5670:2023
5644:2023
5633:ISSN
5608:2023
5597:ISSN
5572:2023
5561:ISSN
5537:2023
5511:2023
5480:2023
5452:2023
5424:2023
5413:ISSN
5372:2022
5346:2023
5318:2022
5292:KCET
5273:2023
5247:2023
5221:2023
5195:2022
5111:2023
5103:KCET
5085:2023
5060:2019
4998:2018
4946:2022
4901:2021
4883:ISBN
4858:2021
4735:2020
4684:2022
4657:2021
4624:2022
4598:2022
4587:ISSN
4562:2023
4534:2023
4508:2021
4456:2021
4438:ISBN
4417:2020
4384:2020
4345:ISBN
4299:2020
4266:2020
4235:2019
4223:KCET
4199:2019
4166:2019
4154:KCET
4136:2022
4129:KCET
4090:2014
4064:2023
4039:2023
4028:ISSN
3998:ISBN
3977:2023
3951:2023
3820:ISBN
3793:ISBN
3556:Tyga
3384:Tyga
3113:and
3076:and
3035:and
3004:The
2927:and
2898:and
2866:and
2858:and
2817:and
2405:and
2116:and
2098:and
2090:and
2075:The
2016:Thai
1988:and
1972:Jews
1759:and
1418:Utah
1388:Ohio
1348:Iowa
955:UNCF
416:Film
265:and
11185:DWP
11037:of
10376:Ute
10329:Zia
6445:Art
6302:New
5723:doi
5390:Jet
5150:190
5025:doi
4917:."
4829:."
4805:."
4779:."
4751:."
4477:NPR
4254:USC
3187:.
3117:".
2958:.
2488:in
2300:).
2229:.
513:Art
11302::
6316:/
6026:.
5998:.
5960:.
5941:.
5903:.
5882:.
5837:.
5818:.
5781:.
5775:.
5737:.
5729:.
5719:95
5717:.
5713:.
5687:.
5660:.
5631:.
5625:.
5595:.
5589:.
5553:.
5527:.
5501:.
5497:.
5469:.
5441:.
5411:.
5407:.
5388:.
5363:.
5335:.
5308:.
5290:.
5264:.
5237:.
5212:.
5186:.
5141:^
5101:.
5050:.
5046:.
5021:21
5019:.
5015:.
4988:.
4982:.
4963:.
4936:.
4891:.
4877:.
4848:.
4816:^
4790:^
4762:^
4721:.
4700:.
4647:.
4641:.
4615:.
4585:.
4579:.
4550:.
4525:.
4498:.
4494:.
4475:.
4464:^
4446:.
4401:.
4374:.
4368:.
4289:.
4283:.
4252:.
4225:.
4221:.
4207:^
4189:.
4183:.
4152:.
4127:.
4055:.
4026:.
3968:.
3940:.
3921:.
3897:.
3854:.
3143:.
3039:.
3020:.
2914:,
2910:,
2906:,
2886:,
2801:.
2793:,
2781:,
2777:,
2773:,
2769:,
2765:,
2749:,
2745:,
2741:,
2539:.
2467:.
2444:,
2440:,
2387:.
2362:,
2358:,
2168:.
2160:,
2156:,
2152:,
2148:,
2144:,
2140:,
202:on
72:.
33:,
11027:e
11020:t
11013:v
10919:e
10912:t
10905:v
10828:e
10821:t
10814:v
8554:e
8547:t
8540:v
8121:e
8114:t
8107:v
6087:e
6080:t
6073:v
6059:.
6038:.
5796:.
5749:.
5725::
5698:.
5672:.
5646:.
5610:.
5574:.
5539:.
5513:.
5482:.
5454:.
5426:.
5374:.
5348:.
5320:.
5294:.
5275:.
5249:.
5223:.
5197:.
5172:.
5159:.
5113:.
5087:.
5062:.
5031:.
5027::
5000:.
4948:.
4903:.
4860:.
4737:.
4686:.
4659:.
4626:.
4600:.
4564:.
4536:.
4510:.
4458:.
4419:.
4386:.
4353:.
4301:.
4268:.
4237:.
4201:.
4168:.
4138:.
4113:.
4104:7
4092:.
4066:.
4041:.
4006:.
3979:.
3953:.
3925:.
3872:.
3858:.
3828:.
3801:.
3194:)
3190:(
2965:)
2961:(
2706:-
2702:-
2694:-
2690:-
2236:)
2232:(
2053:e
2046:t
2039:v
1992:)
1984:(
1923:)
1919:(
1913:)
1909:(
1853:e
1846:t
1839:v
639:"
635:"
186:)
180:(
168:)
164:(
122:)
118:(
108:.
79:)
75:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
