580:, where he spent his remaining days. At the end of WWII, Durant predicted an economic boom and that the possibilities for consumer goods were almost limitless. The final moneymaking scheme he backed before his death was a hair tonic venture. Although Durant's mental faculties were unimpaired to the end and he attempted to work on his memoirs, complications from the stroke gradually robbed him of his ability to speak coherently. He attempted to travel back to Flint in 1946, but his health had deteriorated to the point where this was impossible. He became comatose on March 13, 1947, and died a few days later. By the time of his death, the Durants were bankrupt and had to sell off most of their collection of paintings and other valuables to pay for his medical expenses. He was interred in a private mausoleum in
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357:"They say I shouldn't have bought Cartercar. Well, how was anyone to know that Carter wasn't to be the thing? It had the friction drive and no other car had it. How could I tell what these engineers would say next?" By the time Durant had regained control of General Motors in 1916, the GM board had already decided to discontinue the Cartercar, largely because sales never approached the 1000-2000 annually that Durant had predicted. The GM board decided to use the factory instead to produce the Oakland.
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315:(eventually replaced by Pontiac), along with many parts-manufacturing companies, paint and varnish companies, and other accessory manufacturers owned by General Motors. By 1910, the rapid-fire acquisitions Durant had made caught up with the business, which caused Durant and the corporation to have become grossly overextended with so many imprudent acquisitions. The corporation faced a cash shortage, and in the aftermath, Durant was forced out of the company.
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371:, and had said "Any customer can have a car painted any color that he wants so long as it is black." Durant, however, drawing on his experience in the carriage business, sought to create automobiles targeted to various incomes and tastes. This brought about his plans to merge Buick with various other companies for this purpose.
251:
Durant was highly skeptical of automobiles, feeling that the bad smell of burnt fuel, along with the engines' loud sounds, made them inherently dangerous to the point where he would not let his daughter ride in one. By 1900, public outcry over weak government regulation of gasoline-powered horseless
562:
After the fall of Durant Motors, Durant and his second wife, Catherine
Lederer Durant, lived on a pension provided by R. S. McLaughlin, and Messrs. Marr and Dupont as arranged by Alfred P. Sloan at $ 10,000.00 ($ 217,482 in 2023 dollars ) a year on behalf of General Motors. He then opened a bowling
395:
company. In 1914, a disagreement with Louis
Chevrolet resulted in Durant buying out his partner. Durant went to McLaughlin in 1915 to put Chevrolet in Canada and with the shares being bought up at 5-to-1 and 7-to-1, McLaughlin and Durant with other shareholders had enough stock to reclaim Durant's
502:
As he had with
General Motors, Durant acquired a range of companies whose cars were aimed at different markets, and therefore, levels of affordability and luxury. The lowest ('entry' tier) was the Star, aimed at the person who would otherwise buy the Ford Model T. Durant cars were mid-market, and
575:
mine, hoping the US government would subsidize it through defense contracts, although this ultimately proved a pipe dream. The 80 year old Durant made an exhausting climb on foot to the mine entrance to inspect it and after returning to Flint a few days later, he suffered a stroke that left him
299:
With Buick as a base, Durant envisioned creating a large automobile company that would manufacture several makes and control subsidiary component-making companies, much as Durant-Dort had done in the carriage-making world. Durant founded
General Motors Holding Company on September 16, 1908 and
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after his father abandoned the family in 1869. They lived with
Rebecca's sister, Rhoda, and her husband James Wilson. William dropped out of high school to work in his grandfather's lumberyard. He started out as a cigar salesman in and eventually founded his own carriage company.
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carriages was significant. Durant noticed the general public's anger at this situation, and rather than relying on government regulations to improve their safety, he saw it as an opportunity to create a company which could improve the safety of this new class of transportation.
387:, which was beginning the start of its impending popularity. Unsatisfied with this approach, he dropped it. In Canada, on 30 September 1910, after obtaining a loan of $ 52,935.25 ($ 1,730,983 in 2023 dollars ) (cosigned by R S McLaughlin), went into partnership with
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The venture proved highly successful for Durant, and he was able to buy enough shares in GM to regain control, becoming its president in 1916. During his presidency (1916–1920), Durant brought the
Chevrolet product line into the corporation (1919), as well as
270:
and used the financial and manufacturing resources of Durant-Dort to correct Buick's course. With Durant pushing and marketing the Buick name, the company was able to become the best-selling automobile in
America, outperforming earlier leaders
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old job. McLaughlin had no problem with his friend back at the helm; he went on building
Chevrolet and built his Buicks in Canada without conflict with his Buick contract. General Motors Corporation was started at this time with Durant putting
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Drawing on experience gleaned in the carriage-making business 20 years earlier, Durant assembled a collection of parts and components manufacturers (Hyatt Roller
Bearing, New Departure Manufacturing, Dayton Engineering Laboratories (later
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on
December 8, 1861. He was the second child of William Clark Durant and Rebecca Folger Durant (née Crapo), who was born to a wealthy Massachusetts family of French descent. His mother, Rebecca, was the daughter of Michigan governor
631:. The 54-room mansion burned to the ground under mysterious circumstances on February 6, 1931. The Durants never inhabited it. Arson was suspected, allegedly at the hands of trade unionists, whom Durant had refused to recognize.
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the president. In 1918, United Motors was sold to General Motors for $ 44,065,000 ($ 892,608,717 in 2023 dollars ). Sloan rose to president of GM in the 1920s, going on to build the company into the world's largest automaker.
567:, working the kitchen in person. Durant predicted that family-friendly entertainment venues would be big business in the coming years and he hoped to expand to a chain of 30 bowling alleys. In 1942, Durant traveled to
322:'s eponymous company in 1911, with J. Dallas Dort as the vice-president and director of the company. In 1913, Dort stepped down as vice-president of Chevrolet, and in 1914 Durant disposed of his share of the
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When Durant became financially overextended and banking interests assumed control, forcing him out of GM Holding, in 1910, he immediately set out to create "another GM", starting with the
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exchanged a large parcel of Buick stock for a matching parcel of McLaughlin stock making McLaughlin one of General Motors' biggest shareholders. On November 12, 1908, Durant purchased
240:, eventually transforming $ 2,000 ($ 67,822 in 2023 dollars ) in start-up capital into a $ 2-million company with worldwide sales ($ 67,822,222 in 2023 dollars ). By 1890, the
283:, and despite having no manufacturing line and only a few extant cars, orders tallied over 1100 - all of this by the time of the 1905 New York Automobile Show. Durant and
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412:. In 1920, he finally lost control of GM to the DuPont and McLaughlin shareholders, paying out $ 21,000,000 ($ 319,395,349 in 2023 dollars ) back to his friends.
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the company's entire structure was purposefully very similar with GM; the Princeton line (designed, prototyped, and marketed but never produced) competed with
307:
Durant consolidated 13 car companies and 10 parts-and-accessories manufacturers under the new holding company's control in 1908. In 1909, Durant's GM bought
646:. All that remains of the castle and private airstrip are the old foundation works. Today, a canoe landing and short history of the castle are on the site.
642:), an automotive executive. Upon his death, it was bequeathed to the State of Michigan as a nature preserve, the Mason Tract, which covers a portion of the
1183:
833:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
624:
360:
Durant had arranged an $ 8 million deal to buy Ford in 1909, but the bankers turned him down and the board of directors of General Motors dismissed him.
1370:
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1247:
792:
American Military Vehicles of World War I: An Illustrated History of Armored Cars, Staff Cars, Motorcycles, Ambulances, Trucks, Tractors and Tanks
551:
and other financial giants to buy large quantities of stocks, against the advice of friends, to demonstrate to the public their confidence in the
187:– each seemingly independent, with different automobile lines – bound under a unified corporate holding company. Durant founded
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After Lea's mysterious disappearance in 1934, and Cliff's death in 1937, Cliff's fourth wife, Charlotte Phillips Durant, sold the land to
1904:
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From his holdings in Durant-Dort Carriage Company, Durant was a millionaire. On November 1, 1904, he assumed control of the troubled
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1605:
853:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
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255:
To begin this massive endeavor, Durant first set out to purchase Buick, then a local car company with few sales and large debts.
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1008:
Billy, Alfred, and General Motors: The Story of Two Unique Men, a Legendary Company, and a Remarkable Time in American History
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326:. By 1916, Durant had leveraged Chevrolet's sales to regain control of General Motors, and he went on to lead GM until 1920.
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in 1917, Durant, who detested war, declared that GM would not participate in defense work. He ran afoul of Cadillac founder
2800:
287:, McLaughlin's being the largest carriage manufacturer in Canada, signed a 15-year contract to build Buick power trains at
955:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Durant-Dort Carriage Company Office / Arrowhead Veterans Club"
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627:, started construction on a personal castle and private airstrip in Roscommon, Michigan, along the south branch of the
430:
While in charge of Chevrolet, Durant created other companies, including Republic Motors, mainly to produce Chevrolet.
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in charge, with McLaughlin Director and Vice President of the newly incorporated General Motors Corporation in 1918.
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2017:
1909:
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being top of the line. Durant was unable to duplicate his former success, and the financial woes of the
2700:
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423:, who was an ardent patriot and eager to assist in the US war effort. Leland left GM and founded the
1200:"Full text of "The turning wheel; the story of General Motors through twenty-five years, 1908-1933""
978:
689:
1968:
1940:
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Durant, center, chatting with President Hinz of the Lowell, Massachusetts, Automobile Club in 1909
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495:), rivalling the range offered by General Motors. Part of the new empire included a factory in
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car, named after its founder, William H. Little. His initial intention was to compete with the
1094:
Pelfrey, William. Billy, Alfred, and General Motors (New York, New York: AMACOM, 2006), p.151.
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Sherosky, Frank (December 23, 2009). "Remembering Josiah Dallas Dort and his automobile".
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foresaw the automobile becoming a mass-market item. Ford followed the course of the basic
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History of Genesee County, Michigan: Her People, Industries and Institutions, Volume 1
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555:. His effort proved costly and failed to stop the market slide. By 1936, Durant was
479:, initially with one brand. Within two years, it had several marques (including the
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171:(December 8, 1861 – March 18, 1947) was a leading pioneer of the United States
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454:, Remy Electric, Jaxon Steel Products, and Perlman Rim) into a new company;
216:
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partially paralyzed. He was forced to move with his wife to an apartment in
2348:
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898:"Billy Durant and the Founding of General Motors [Mackinac Center]"
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552:
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1162:
Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II,
523:
ultimately proved to be insurmountable, and the company failed in 1933.
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1955:
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Durant conceived the modern system of automobile dealer franchises.
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572:
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1137:, Garden City, New York, USA: Garden City Publishing Company, Inc.
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and by the start of the 20th century, was the largest in the US.
48:
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354:. In explaining the reason he purchased Cartercar, Durant said:
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427:, which received contracts to build Liberty aircraft engines.
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1332:
The Dream Maker: William C. Durant, Founder of General Motors
711:"GW and Foggy Bottom Historical Encyclopedia: Margery Durant"
2462:
224:, who was also of French descent. Durant's family moved to
690:"University of Michigan-Flint: Henry Howland Crapo Family"
1282:
The Deal Maker: How William C. Durant Made General Motors
611:, where he maintained a summer home, is named after him.
342:
On October 26, 1909, General Motors Holding acquired the
244:, based in Flint, had become a leading manufacturer of
183:. He created a system in which a company held multiple
2627:(1999–2012 under all of GM, Chevrolet only since 2012)
1220:"Library of Congress: William Crapo Durant, 1861-1947"
895:
1279:
2742:
539:In the 1920s, Durant became a major "player" on
1345:Billy Durant and the Founding of General Motors
2811:Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York)
986:Accompanying three photos, exterior, from 1977
891:
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2761:American founders of automobile manufacturers
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590:Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame
318:But Durant would not be bowed, and he backed
1123:
30:For the historian William James Durant, see
1051:
1049:
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475:In 1921, Durant established a new company,
27:American automotive businessman (1861–1947)
1606:
1592:
1435:
1421:
1319:Rae, John B. "The Fabulous Billy Durant."
1164:pp. 18, 26-7, Random House, New York, NY.
769:. Victoria, BC: FriesenPress. p. 69.
737:"Flint Timeline Project-Flint Wagon Works"
588:, New York City. He was inducted into the
47:
952:
794:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 133.
1117:
1055:
1046:
1040:"November 12, 1908 - GM buys Oldsmobile"
937:
846:
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333:
1303:Billy Durant: Creator of General Motors
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869:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
764:
440:
346:Company, founded four years earlier in
14:
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1300:
1277:
1105:"Happy 100th Birthday, General Motors"
1058:Detroit Automotive Technology Examiner
1011:. AMACOM. pp. 83–85, 95–96, 106.
664:"Invisible Manor History: Early Owner"
1587:
1416:
1334:. Boston: Little, Brown, 1979. Print.
1245:
867:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
619:During the late 1920s, Durant's son,
329:
2725:
1147:. Original is public domain in U.S.
1070:
1064:
995:
911:
789:
760:
758:
756:
930:Yates, Brock. "10 Best Moguls", in
896:Dr. Burton W. Folsom (1998-09-08).
24:
2569:General Motors Research Laboratory
1613:
1262:
1139:Various republications, including
953:Christian, Ralph J. (March 1977).
614:
535:The mausoleum of William C. Durant
25:
2832:
2776:People in the automobile industry
2766:American people of French descent
1845:Industries Mécaniques Maghrébines
1442:
1338:
1077:, Federal Publishers, p. 778
753:
294:
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2715:
2714:
2695:Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle
1804:
1506:
1500:
1305:. University of Michigan Press.
1271:Billy, Alfred and General Motors
470:
1248:"GM: Its rise, fall and future"
1239:
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1154:
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1088:
1032:
621:Russell Clifford (Cliff) Durant
232:In 1886, Durant partnered with
1149:Also available at Google Books
783:
729:
703:
682:
656:
563:alley/fast food restaurant in
13:
1:
1355:Durant Motors Automobile Club
1246:Quinn, James (May 31, 2009).
649:
607:. Likewise, Durant Square in
452:Harrison Radiator Corporation
448:Delco Electronics Corporation
143:Catherine Lederer (1886–1947)
2816:Businesspeople from Michigan
2771:American automotive pioneers
1564:Durant-Dort Carriage Company
861:American Antiquarian Society
841:American Antiquarian Society
601:Waterford Durant High School
599:, is named after him, as is
464:Hyatt Roller Bearing Company
415:Following the US entry into
374:
324:Durant-Dort Carriage Company
242:Durant-Dort Carriage Company
206:
7:
2801:People from Flint, Michigan
1453:1921–1932 Historic vehicles
547:joined with members of the
527:Wall Street and later years
499:, for Canadian production.
10:
2837:
2796:Businesspeople from Boston
2701:Concept of the Corporation
2658:Motors Liquidation Company
2144:Chevrolet-Saturn of Harlem
29:
2821:Automotive businesspeople
2806:General Motors executives
2710:
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1918:
1890:
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1401:
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1383:
1378:
1301:Gustin, Lawrence (2008).
1269:Pelfrey, William (2007).
1186:October 17, 2008, at the
1071:Wood, Edwin Orin (1916),
1005:Pelfrey, William (2006).
517:Wall Street Crash of 1929
433:He was inducted into the
150:
120:
105:
97:
81:
55:
46:
39:
960:. National Park Service.
261:
2653:Ignition switch recalls
2544:GM Building (Manhattan)
2447:North American Aviation
2363:Holden Special Vehicles
2213:Electronic Data Systems
2181:Delta Motor Corporation
1371:Hear Billy Durant speak
1330:Weisberger, Bernard A.
1321:Business History Review
767:Durant's Right-Hand Man
435:Automotive Hall of Fame
238:Flint Road Cart Company
160:Russell Clifford Durant
2648:Companion make program
2534:GM Building (Broadway)
2387:Hughes Network Systems
973:Cite journal requires
765:Arculus, Paul (2011).
536:
511:, the ultra-luxurious
391:in 1911, starting the
363:Both Durant and rival
339:
2539:GM Building (Detroit)
2205:Electro-Motive Diesel
1787:GM Specialty Vehicles
1696:Chevrolet Performance
1362:at www.durantcars.com
1350:Durant, William Crapo
1323:(1958) 32#3: 255-271
1278:Madsen, Axel (2000).
790:Mroz, Albert (2009).
741:www.cockleburcamp.com
644:Au Sable State Forest
534:
487:(also called Rugby),
456:United Motors Company
425:Lincoln Motor Company
337:
175:industry, founder of
74:Boston, Massachusetts
2673:Streetcar conspiracy
2405:Kettering University
2261:Ghandhara Industries
2245:Fleetwood Metal Body
2107:Allison Transmission
1711:GM Certified Service
1286:. Wiley Publishing.
1273:. Amacom Publishing.
623:and his third wife,
441:Vertical integration
246:horse-drawn vehicles
169:William Crapo Durant
60:William Crapo Durant
2549:GM Technical Center
2418:National City Lines
1735:Global subsidiaries
1379:Business positions
1252:The Daily Telegraph
1225:Library of Congress
1042:. 12 November 2016.
717:on 16 February 2015
605:Waterford, Michigan
268:Buick Motor Company
211:Durant was born in
155:Margery Pitt Durant
92:New York City, U.S.
2564:Renaissance Center
2554:GM Proving Grounds
2487:Rochester Products
2379:Hughes Electronics
2285:GM Diesel Division
1554:Continental Motors
549:Rockefeller family
537:
340:
330:Other acquisitions
273:Ford Motor Company
234:Josiah Dallas Dort
199:. He also founded
179:and co-founder of
137:(divorced)
113:and co-founder of
2738:
2737:
2628:
2587:William C. Durant
2517:
2509:
2501:
2497:United Australian
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2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2168:Delco Electronics
2164:
2156:
2140:
2132:
2131:(24%) (1924–1948)
2123:Atlantic Aircraft
2119:
2111:
2103:
2088:Former divisions,
2083:
2082:
2041:
2034:
2020:
2013:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
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1964:
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1825:
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1581:
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1559:William C. Durant
1411:
1410:
1405:Pierre S. du Pont
1402:Succeeded by
1366:History of Durant
1312:978-0-472-03302-7
1170:978-1-4000-6964-4
1018:978-0-8144-0869-8
801:978-0-7864-3960-7
776:978-1-77067-782-1
625:Lea Gapsky Durant
597:Lansing, Michigan
582:Woodlawn Cemetery
569:Goldfield, Nevada
348:Jackson, Michigan
313:Oakland Motor Car
289:cost-plus pricing
285:Samuel McLaughlin
166:
165:
131:Clara Miller Pitt
41:William C. Durant
16:(Redirected from
2828:
2728:
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2718:
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2626:
2559:Factories (list)
2515:
2507:
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2434:(36%, 1990–2002)
2433:
2431:New Venture Gear
2425:
2412:
2397:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2361:
2356:
2349:GMC Heavy Trucks
2343:
2341:GMAC Real Estate
2335:
2327:
2319:
2311:
2303:
2295:
2287:
2279:
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2239:
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2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2162:
2154:
2152:Cleveland Diesel
2148:
2138:
2136:Chevrolet Europe
2130:
2117:
2109:
2101:
2092:and subsidiaries
2037:
2030:
2016:
2009:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1888:
1887:
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1863:
1855:
1847:
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1837:HRL Laboratories
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1158:
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1134:My Life and Work
1129:Crowther, Samuel
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713:. Archived from
707:
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686:
680:
679:
677:
675:
666:. Archived from
660:
609:Deal, New Jersey
521:Great Depression
519:and the ensuing
497:Leaside, Ontario
302:Olds Motor Works
138:
88:
70:December 9, 1861
69:
67:
51:
37:
36:
21:
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2607:
2598:Alfred P. Sloan
2573:
2520:
2371:Hughes Aircraft
2309:GM South Africa
2146:
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2089:
2079:
2046:
1914:
1883:
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1809:
1805:
1796:
1792:Cadillac Europe
1730:
1674:
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1577:
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1542:
1516:Affiliated with
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1505:
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1407:
1398:
1389:
1387:Charles W. Nash
1341:
1313:
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1265:
1263:Further reading
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636:George W. Mason
617:
615:Durant's Castle
595:Durant Park in
571:, to open up a
565:Flint, Michigan
529:
473:
460:Alfred P. Sloan
443:
389:Louis Chevrolet
377:
352:Byron J. Carter
332:
320:Louis Chevrolet
297:
264:
226:Flint, Michigan
209:
197:Louis Chevrolet
191:and co-founded
158:
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2678:1945–46 strike
2675:
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2668:Reorganization
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2639:
2637:
2636:Related topics
2633:
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2115:Ally Financial
2112:
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2099:Allison Engine
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2090:joint ventures
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1679:Service brands
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1631:Vehicle brands
1625:
1619:
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1615:General Motors
1611:
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1588:
1579:
1578:
1573:
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1547:Related topics
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1395:General Motors
1390:
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1373:
1368:
1363:
1360:Durantcars.com
1357:
1352:
1347:
1340:
1339:External links
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1116:
1113:. August 2008.
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994:
975:|journal=
936:
932:Car and Driver
910:
900:. Mackinac.org
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865:1800–present:
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629:Au Sable River
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398:Pierre du Pont
376:
373:
331:
328:
304:(Oldsmobile).
296:
295:General Motors
293:
263:
260:
222:Henry H. Crapo
208:
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189:General Motors
177:General Motors
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111:General Motors
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106:Known for
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91:
89:(aged 85)
85:March 18, 1947
83:
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72:
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26:
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2015:
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1393:President of
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1157:
1151:. Chapter IV.
1150:
1146:
1145:9781406500189
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934:, 1/88, p.46.
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670:on 8 May 2011
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2786:Crapo family
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2513:Yellow Coach
2011:High Feature
1884:technologies
1882:Products and
1721:GM Financial
1624:subsidiaries
1558:
1452:
1392:
1331:
1320:
1302:
1281:
1270:
1251:
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1223:
1214:
1203:. Retrieved
1194:
1177:
1161:
1156:
1133:
1119:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1079:, retrieved
1073:
1066:
1057:
1034:
1022:. Retrieved
1007:
991:(32 KB)
985:
966:cite journal
931:
902:. Retrieved
874:February 29,
872:. Retrieved
852:
832:
791:
785:
766:
744:. Retrieved
740:
731:
719:. Retrieved
715:the original
705:
693:. Retrieved
684:
672:. Retrieved
668:the original
658:
633:
618:
594:
561:
553:stock market
538:
501:
474:
444:
432:
429:
421:Henry Leland
414:
402:
385:Ford Model T
378:
362:
359:
356:
341:
317:
306:
298:
265:
257:
254:
250:
236:and founded
231:
210:
168:
167:
87:(1947-03-18)
18:Billy Durant
2756:1947 deaths
2751:1861 births
2688:2019 strike
2683:2007 strike
2612:Sponsorship
2516:(1925–1943)
2508:(1926–2017)
2500:(1989–1996)
2482:(1918–1994)
2474:(1995–2003)
2466:(1931–2017)
2458:(1997–2008)
2450:(1933–1948)
2442:(2009–2010)
2426:(1984–2009)
2413:(2016–2020)
2398:(1996–2003)
2390:(1987–2003)
2382:(1985–1997)
2374:(1985–1997)
2357:(1948–2020)
2344:(1998–2008)
2336:(1993–2018)
2328:(2008–2019)
2320:(2000–2020)
2317:GM Thailand
2312:(1913–2017)
2304:(1995–2020)
2296:(1986–2017)
2288:(1938–1987)
2280:(1949–1969)
2272:(2001–2019)
2264:(1953–1963)
2256:(1919–1980)
2248:(1925–1984)
2240:(1925–1984)
2237:Fisher Body
2232:(2009–2019)
2224:(1953–1968)
2216:(1984–1996)
2208:(1930–2004)
2200:(1994–2003)
2192:(1938–1988)
2184:(1997-2004)
2176:(1994–1999)
2163:(1919–1923)
2155:(1938–1962)
2147:(2006–2011)
2139:(2005-2016)
2118:(1919-2013)
2110:(1929–2007)
2102:(1929–1995)
1782:New Zealand
1231:16 February
1125:Ford, Henry
1110:Motor Trend
845:1700–1799:
825:1634–1699:
721:16 February
695:16 February
674:16 February
640:Nash Motors
541:Wall Street
417:World War I
406:Fisher Body
162:(1890–1937)
157:(1887–1969)
109:Founder of
101:Businessman
32:Will Durant
2745:Categories
2624:Test Track
2593:Mary Barra
2526:Facilities
2333:GM Vietnam
2269:GM-AvtoVAZ
2253:Frigidaire
1716:GM Defense
1691:BrightDrop
1670:BrightDrop
1477:Locomobile
1399:1916–1920
1205:2011-09-29
904:2011-09-29
746:2023-08-22
650:References
513:Locomobile
410:Frigidaire
365:Henry Ford
281:Oldsmobile
201:Frigidaire
173:automobile
98:Occupation
66:1861-12-09
2603:Tim Solso
2589:(Founder)
2395:HughesNet
2293:GM Europe
2277:GM Diesel
2039:Gemini V8
1990:Family II
1976:Family 1
1895:Platforms
1742:Argentina
1648:Chevrolet
1538:Frontenac
1254:. London.
592:in 1996.
458:, making
437:in 1968.
393:Chevrolet
375:Chevrolet
344:Cartercar
207:Biography
193:Chevrolet
181:Chevrolet
115:Chevrolet
2720:Category
2663:Motorama
2505:Vauxhall
2471:PanAmSat
2301:GM India
2051:Electric
1962:Family 0
1934:Family 0
1910:Vehicles
1829:GM Korea
1762:Colombia
1643:Cadillac
1575:Category
1523:Sheridan
1184:Archived
1131:(1922),
1081:April 7,
1024:April 7,
850:(1992).
830:(1997).
573:cinnabar
557:bankrupt
509:Cadillac
309:Cadillac
277:Cadillac
151:Children
2730:Commons
2643:History
2439:Nexteer
2197:DirecTV
1948:E-Turbo
1920:Engines
1905:Hybrids
1853:SAIC-GM
1686:ACDelco
1528:De Vaux
584:in The
543:and on
505:Packard
369:Model T
185:marques
139:
135:
121:Spouses
2579:People
2455:Nuvell
2354:Holden
2229:FAW-GM
2173:Delphi
2128:Bendix
2068:Ultium
1997:Ecotec
1870:Baojun
1777:Mexico
1752:Canada
1747:Brazil
1726:OnStar
1706:Dexron
1701:Cruise
1663:Hummer
1658:Denali
1467:Durant
1460:Durant
1325:online
1309:
1290:
1168:
1143:
1015:
989:
798:
773:
491:, and
481:Durant
381:Little
311:, and
279:, and
213:Boston
76:, U.S.
2781:Buick
2492:Terex
2423:NUMMI
2410:Maven
2032:Gen V
2018:Gen V
1864:(44%)
1856:(50%)
1848:(20%)
1840:(50%)
1832:(77%)
1824:(60%)
1772:Japan
1767:Egypt
1757:Chile
1638:Buick
1487:Rugby
1482:Mason
1472:Flint
958:(pdf)
857:(PDF)
837:(PDF)
586:Bronx
493:Eagle
489:Flint
350:, by
262:Buick
195:with
133:
2463:Opel
2073:BEV3
2063:BEV2
1821:DMAX
1533:Dort
1492:Star
1307:ISBN
1288:ISBN
1233:2015
1166:ISBN
1141:ISBN
1083:2013
1026:2013
1013:ISBN
983:and
979:help
876:2024
796:ISBN
771:ISBN
723:2015
697:2015
676:2015
638:(of
507:and
485:Star
408:and
82:Died
56:Born
2058:EV1
1983:MGE
1969:SGE
1941:SGE
1653:GMC
603:in
462:of
450:),
2747::
2026:V8
2005:V6
1956:I4
1928:I3
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1127:;
1107:.
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997:^
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