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vibratos produce a more lyrical sound. The slowest of vibratos can be used to imitate a bowed instrument "growing" a note after its initial inception. Even though this effect refers to volume in bowed instruments, having a pitch variation that follows the same structure of the volume variation in many situations can have the same effect for the listeners.
157:. The effect generally shifts the pitch over a wider range than axial pitch-shifting. It can produce vibrato as a cyclic variation in pitch, a single up-and-down swoop, or as a shift from one pitch to another that is then held. If the strings and action of the guitar are light enough, a player can bend notes by a
65:
This can be achieved by either altering the note to a higher or lower tone. Moving the finger, wrist, or arm forward or backward primarily determines the tone. In common practice, violin vibrato oscillates on and below a pitch, though dramatic effect may allow for oscillation above as well as below a
74:
In its pure form, vibrato is usually achieved by twisting the wrist rapidly to bend the note slightly, moving to and from the starting pitch. The speed of the vibrato oftentimes has a great effect on the way the note is perceived, with faster vibratos commonly adding tension and stress, while slower
189:
To produce a bend, the guitarist puts a finger on the string and then, while pressing the string down to the fingerboard, strikes a tone, and pushes or pulls the string to the side. This has the effect of stretching the string and thus makes its pitch higher. Generally a bend on the lower (6th–4th)
54:
There are three types of violin vibrato: finger, arm and wrist vibrato. In finger vibrato, more or less the performer only moves his or her fingers, finger joints. In wrist vibrato, the performer will move the wrist back and forth while keeping the arm in a resting position. In the arm vibrato, the
294:(two semitones), and most beginners fail to bend a string exactly to the proper pitch, producing "overbends" and "underbends". Most guitar teachers advise playing the target note on a higher fret, listening closely to its sound and trying to bend the string aiming to get exactly the same pitch.
197:
A backward, reverse or release bend involves pressing the string to the fingerboard, pulling or pushing it up to stretch the string first, then striking the string and relaxing the string to normal position. This causes the note to go flat, the reverse direction of straight bend.
234:, and the area of the neck where the bends are played. For example, steel strings bend further in pitch than nylon strings, thin strings further than thick strings, bends in the middle of the neck can go further than bends near the nut, etc. Guitar players may also use a lower
97:
Axial vibrato is produced by moving a stopped (held-down) string with the left hand in a direction parallel to its axis, which increases or reduces the tension on the string and thereby alters the pitch. This type of vibrato is typically used by classical guitarists (see
66:
pitch. Throughout the 20th century, finger vibrato was normally used in playing all members of the violin family unless otherwise indicated. Toward the end of the century, playing without vibrato became a more accepted technique in certain contexts.
318:
Bending the thinner strings can make them cut into the fingers of a beginner guitar player. Over time, guitar players who play regularly develop callouses on their fingertips, which develop into hardened skin upon
141:" or "bending") is produced by moving the stopped (held-down) string with the fretting hand in a direction perpendicular to its axis and parallel to the frets. This type of pitch-shifting is associated with
448:
303:
Bending, especially wide bending, requires specialized finger strength. It is not uncommon for bending to be awkward or tiring for the hands. However, with proper practice, this subsides. String
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Classical guitar (nylon-string): This works on the unwound strings on a classical (nylon-string) guitar, and also works better on the strings whose heads (tuning keys) are further from the nut.
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also plays a big role; typically thicker strings are more difficult to bend. Notable guitarists who used very heavy-gauge strings while still producing musical bends include
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strings moves them down vertically, as seen from the guitarist's point of view, and a bend on the higher (3rd–1st) strings moves them up. The technique can also be used with
447:
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The most difficult moment for beginners practicing bends is getting the note bent to proper pitch. Usually the bend changes note pitch exactly by one semitone or one
297:
Bending (especially heavy bending, more than one semitone) usually involves touching more than one string with a left (fretting) hand, as seen in the illustration.
201:
Sometimes a guitarist bends a note on a certain string up, while playing the note the string is being bent to on another string, creating a "unison bend".
683:
102:), but can be performed on any kind of guitar, and is frequently used on steel string and electric guitars. When a classical guitarist sees the term
38:
by cyclic hand movements. Despite the name, normally the entire hand moves, and sometimes the entire upper arm. It can also refer to vibrato on some
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Innumerable bend patterns exist: for example, straight bending of a string two semitones up, then one semitone down, then one up, then two down.
58:
Along with using different bodily movements to create vibrato, there are different methods in regards to forward or backward vibrato movements.
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keyboards have pressure or aftertouch sensors which sense if the player is continuing to press down a key after the initial striking; on some
208:
are most common, but skilled players may use bends from three semitones to as many as five or more, as can be heard in the solo played by
519:
with velocity-sensitive volume and pressure-sensitive pitch, so a skilled player can play a realistic trumpet solo. Some 2010s and 2020s
542:, vibrato-type effects can be produced using movements of the bellows, changes in bellows pressure, or by rocking the fingers on a key.
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string for the third string on his guitar. At that time, no set of light-gauge strings with an unwound third string was available.
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can be achieved by altering the tone of the note being played. Varying the pitch however, is the most crucial aspect in vibrato.
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399:. It has since become an integral part of playing lead guitar. Some masters of string bending on guitar include David Gilmour,
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623:
Armvibrato | Arm vibrato 39 Ăśbungen fĂĽr
Violine und Viola. Mit QR-Codes | 39 Exercises for violin and viola. With QR Codes
226:. In addition to the player's finger strength, the range of a pitch bend is limited to some extent by the type of guitar,
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transition between notes, and not just as a decoration on a note. String bends are one of the few ways to achieve
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A note is pre-bent up one semitone, then bent back, followed with a one-tone pull down and hand vibrato.
395:, or finger slides. String bending on the guitar was first used in blues to mimic the smooth sound of a
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When a string is bent, the sound it creates is much smoother than would be otherwise, even using other
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Finger vibrato is used on several woodwind instruments, in both classical and traditional music. In
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The particular advantage of this technique is that unstopped notes can be pitch-shifted (bent).
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on longer notes, to create an impression of a longer sustain. The technique is also used by
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instruments, achieved by lowering one or more fingers over one of the uncovered holes in a
586:. In contemporary terms this technique is more usually referred to as a "timbral trill".
8:
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digital church organs have an optional voice for the upper keyboard that provides a solo
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419:. To facilitate his extensive string bending, Clapton used to substitute an unwound
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patches (sounds), continued pressure on a key triggers an electronic vibrato
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written in a score, this is generally the first effect that comes to mind.
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Until the first half of the 20th century, the clavichord was the only
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playing, the target note can be slightly higher or lower than a
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In contemporary music, finger vibrato is also routinely used by
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Bending can make strings break or the guitar go out of tune.
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343:(tuning key), causes the pitch to shift. Examples include
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to give the strings some slack and achieve further bends.
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with appropriate sounds and patches. For example, some
686:. How To Play Blues Guitar. 2008-07-30. Archived from
497:—inspired by his experience as a cellist—invented the
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Other finger vibrato techniques may also be used on
161:or more—so string bending can be a way of making a
558:in French and used, usually on long notes, on the
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493:on which finger vibrato was possible. In 1928,
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735:"5 guitar tricks you can learn from Jimmy Page"
281:. The exact pitch can be varied by the player.
265:. Blue notes are notes that are outside of the
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137:Radial pitch-shifting (also referred to as "
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654:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
476:Finger vibrato is also a standard part of
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277:between the minor and major third of a
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330:Also known as "behind-the-nut bending"
269:, and often even between notes of the
110:Radial pitch-shifting (string bending)
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118:Example of bending on electric guitar
733:Hilborne, Phil (20 September 2019).
626:(1. Auflage ed.). Schriesheim.
371:Several strings can be bent at once.
55:performer opens and closes the arm.
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24:
669:Classical Guitar Vibrato Explained
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358:Bass guitar: works on all strings
257:or even a pitch not present in a
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462:Problems playing this file? See
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335:Pressing the string between the
566:, and noted in the writings of
347:'s unaccompanied solo break in
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620:Hohage, Erdmute Maria (2021).
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1391:Guitar performance techniques
1386:String performance techniques
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324:Behind-the-nut pitch-shifting
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273:. A common blue note is a
185:A guitar bend demonstrated
100:Classical guitar technique
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568:Jacques-Martin Hotteterre
214:Another Brick In the Wall
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1119:(changing string tuning)
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684:"A Couple Guitar Tips"
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279:major pentatonic scale
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89:to add depth of tone.
1340:Violin musical styles
1288:History of the violin
924:Electric upright bass
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1191:Double bass concerto
578:, it is used on the
509:electronic keyboards
480:technique, known as
472:Keyboard instruments
204:Bends of one or two
93:Axial pitch-shifting
80:classical guitarists
1220:Related instruments
1134:and genres of music
1100:Finger substitution
491:keyboard instrument
387:techniques such as
351:'s "Heartbreaker".
825:Five-string violin
506:pressure-sensitive
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309:Stevie Ray Vaughan
230:and material, the
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633:978-3-00-068280-3
596:List of ornaments
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173:, on the guitar.
36:string instrument
16:(Redirected from
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1283:Violin acoustics
1237:Hardanger fiddle
1171:String orchestra
835:Alexander violin
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34:produced on a
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1325:Stradivarius
1206:Cello sonata
1201:Viola sonata
1161:String octet
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1050:
868:Tenor violin
840:Stroh violin
742:. Retrieved
738:
728:
717:. Retrieved
713:the original
703:
692:. Retrieved
688:the original
664:
622:
615:
584:pennywhistle
555:
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529:synth module
503:
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440:Bend-release
417:Eric Clapton
397:slide guitar
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349:Led Zeppelin
341:machine head
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285:Difficulties
275:quarter tone
255:quarter tone
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232:scale length
228:string gauge
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1315:Jazz violin
1257:Nyckelharpa
1242:Hurdy-gurdy
1146:String trio
1090:Double stop
993:Fingerboard
916:Double bass
886:Bass violin
799:Instruments
576:Irish music
525:synthesizer
313:Peter Green
216:Pt.2" from
1380:Categories
1227:Arpeggione
1117:Scordatura
1046:Bow stroke
1033:Techniques
1023:Tuning peg
1013:Sound post
744:3 December
739:MusicRadar
719:2010-08-18
694:2008-07-31
642:1240360630
556:flattement
478:clavichord
464:media help
413:B. B. King
401:Tony Iommi
389:hammer-ons
366:Variations
345:Jimmy Page
292:whole tone
263:blue notes
251:whole step
218:Pink Floyd
171:blue notes
163:portamento
128:whole step
1308:Slap bass
1293:Jazz bass
1132:Ensembles
1112:Pizzicato
1105:Bariolage
1095:Fingering
1085:Harmonics
1052:Col legno
1018:Tailpiece
650:cite book
601:Glissando
540:accordion
405:Brian May
393:pull-offs
220:'s album
206:semitones
155:pop music
1364:Category
1303:Big band
1262:Pochette
1080:Arpeggio
1068:Spiccato
978:Chinrest
956:Bass bar
934:Octobass
820:Pochette
590:See also
564:recorder
339:and the
319:healing.
267:song key
223:The Wall
159:semitone
130:bend on
87:bassists
40:woodwind
1267:Quinton
1232:Baryton
1123:Vibrato
1073:Tremolo
1063:Portato
1058:Martelé
929:Violone
901:Cellone
607:Sources
517:trumpet
513:Rodgers
385:slurred
151:country
104:vibrato
60:Vibrato
32:vibrato
1252:Lirone
1041:Bowing
1003:Scroll
988:F-hole
983:Endpin
973:Bridge
807:Violin
640:
630:
533:effect
483:Bebung
415:, and
236:tuning
70:Guitar
1320:Rosin
1276:Other
948:Parts
878:Cello
850:Viola
574:. In
421:banjo
379:Sound
305:gauge
243:blues
143:blues
44:trill
1330:Viol
966:Frog
746:2019
656:link
638:OCLC
628:ISBN
582:and
570:and
562:and
523:and
311:and
247:half
153:and
147:rock
84:jazz
998:Nut
961:Bow
538:On
337:nut
249:or
241:In
30:is
1382::
737:.
675:^
652:}}
648:{{
636:.
486:.
411:,
407:,
403:,
391:,
194:.
149:,
145:,
126:A
784:e
777:t
770:v
748:.
722:.
697:.
658:)
644:.
466:.
315:.
20:)
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