44:
227:
234:
399:, was sent north from Sparta to challenge the allies. The allied army, meanwhile, waited at Corinth, while the council debated over who should command it. Before a decision was reached, the Spartan army entered Corinthian territory, burning and plundering along the way. The allies marched out to meet the Spartans, and the two armies met each other near the dry bed of the Nemea river.
517:
closed for battle, both shifted to the right (this was a common occurrence in hoplite battles—hoplites carried their shield on their left arm, so men would shift to the right to gain the protection of their neighbor's shield as well as their own). This shift meant that, by the time the armies met,
509:
The
Spartans and their allies lined up for battle with the Spartans on the right and the allies on the left. The opposing coalition was divided over how to arrange themselves; the Athenians wanted to line up on the right, but ultimately had acceded to the demand of the Boeotians that they take the
521:
The
Spartans then turned from their defeat of the Athenians to face the soldiers from the allied right wing who had rashly pursued the Spartans' allies. The Spartan phalanx took first the Argives, then the Corinthians, and then the Boeotians in the side, inflicting heavy losses on all three.
553:
Although the
Spartans held the field at the end of the battle, they were unable to force their way past Corinth and enter central Greece. Accordingly, they returned home. The allied army, after several months of inactivity, saw action in a second major battle at
392:, a Theban victory. In the wake of this battle, Athens, Thebes, Corinth, and Argos joined together to form an anti-Spartan alliance, with its forces commanded by a council at Corinth.
545:
The main source of the battle is the pro-Spartan historian
Xenophon, who put most of the blame of the allies' defeat on the arrogance and indiscipline of the Thebans.
510:
left, while the
Boeotians took the right. This meant that the Athenians were opposite the Spartans, while the Boeotians and other allies faced the Spartans' allies.
518:
both of them extended past their opponents' left flank. Consequently, the right flanks of both armies were victorious, while the left flanks of both were defeated.
558:
later in the same year. These two battles marked the only traditional large-scale land fighting that would take place in the war, which lasted until 386 BC.
282:
388:
Hostilities in the
Corinthian War began in 395 BC with raiding in northwestern Greece, eventually leading to a clash between Sparta and Thebes at the
978:
734:
764:
998:
968:
52:
in the summer of 394 BC during the
Corinthian War. Dexileos probably died in the Battle of Nemea itself, or in a proximate engagement.
963:
91:
958:
275:
43:
395:
In 394 BC, the council gathered together its forces at
Corinth. A Spartan army under Aristodemus, the guardian of the boy king
983:
411:, with associated light troops. Of the hoplites, 6,000 were Spartan, with the remainder coming from the other states of the
268:
247:
885:
20:
973:
929:
875:
846:
646:
601:
534:
that died in the battle, since the
Spartiates themselves only made up a fraction of the Spartan army (the bulk being
680:
530:
tells that the
Spartans only lost 8 men. This last number seems unrealistic, but he could just be mentioning the
226:
828:
819:
474:
Opposing the Spartans, the allied side consisted of about 24,000 hoplites, with associated light troops.
953:
555:
377:
319:
482:, and Argos each provided about one quarter of the allied hoplites: 6,000 hoplites from Athens under
988:
749:
665:
53:
380:
later in the same year, gave Sparta the advantage in the early fighting on the Greek mainland.
702:
636:
591:
617:
412:
147:
8:
905:
389:
304:
48:
The Athenian cavalryman Dexileos fighting an hoplite. Dexileos was killed in action near
357:
324:
156:
925:
871:
852:
842:
642:
597:
514:
526:, Sparta and its allies had inflicted 2,800 casualties, while suffering only 1,100.
880:
823:
567:
523:
503:
314:
948:
491:
369:
152:
993:
475:
460:
349:
292:
35:
618:"IGII2 6217 Epitaph of Dexileos, cavalryman killed in Corinthian war (394 BC)"
498:. Of the allied cavalry, 800 were Boeotian, 600 were Athenian, about 100 from
942:
106:
93:
396:
376:
River. The battle was a decisive Spartan victory, which, coupled with the
856:
922:
Thrasybulus and the Athenian Democracy: the Life of an Athenian Statesman
483:
420:
179:
81:
372:. The battle was fought in Corinthian territory, at the dry bed of the
909:
468:
924:. Historia Einzelschriften. Vol. 120. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner.
531:
487:
436:
892:
535:
527:
424:
408:
897:
499:
464:
452:
448:
444:
440:
365:
260:
164:
49:
539:
495:
479:
456:
432:
428:
416:
361:
353:
341:
160:
143:
126:
85:
635:
Stylianou, P. J.; Stylianou, Research Associate P. J. (1998).
373:
77:
788:
Robin Seager, "The Corinthian War", in D. M. Lewis et al.,
691:
Xenophon: A History of My Times (Hellenica) 4.2.17 197–198
704:
Ancient Athens: Its History, Topography, and Remains
407:
The Spartan army was composed of some 18,000–19,000
634:
777:Studies in Ancient Greek Topography: Battlefields
940:
896:
16:Land battle during the Corinthian War (394 BC)
276:
841:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
638:A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus
589:
283:
269:
891:
836:
486:, about 7,000 from Argos, 5,000 from the
979:Battles involving ancient Thebes, Greece
641:. Clarendon Press. p. 37 note 105.
941:
868:The Ancient Greeks: A critical history
719:Thrasybulus and the Athenian Democracy
344:, also known in ancient Athens as the
831:, volume VI: The Fourth Century B. C.
264:
919:
700:
585:
583:
999:Military history of the Peloponnese
839:Studies in ancient Greek topography
833:, Cambridge University Press, 1994.
13:
290:
21:Battle of Corinth (disambiguation)
19:For other Battles of Corinth, see
14:
1010:
969:Battles involving ancient Corinth
870:(Harvard University Press, 1983)
580:
502:in Euboea, and about 50 from the
964:Battles involving ancient Athens
232:
225:
42:
959:Battles involving ancient Argos
837:Pritchett, W. Kendrick (1965).
812:
795:
782:
769:
754:
739:
596:. Frontline Books. p. 43.
251:Location of the Battle of Nemea
724:
711:
707:. Bell and Daldy. p. 496.
694:
685:
670:
655:
628:
610:
455:force of about 600, about 300
1:
984:Battles of the Corinthian War
829:The Cambridge Ancient History
573:
402:
233:
590:Hutchinson, Godfrey (2014).
548:
7:
701:Dyer, Thomas Henry (1873).
561:
10:
1015:
459:archers, and at least 400
435:; and at least 3,000 from
383:
18:
790:Cambridge Ancient History
622:www.atticinscriptions.com
300:
220:
207:
186:
170:
137:
60:
41:
33:
28:
974:Battles involving Sparta
826:, M. Ostwald (editors),
593:Sparta: Unfit for Empire
56:, early 4th century BC.
54:Grave Stele of Dexileos
348:, was a battle in the
192:18,000–19,000 hoplites
171:Commanders and leaders
356:and the coalition of
216:2,800 dead or wounded
213:1,100 dead or wounded
208:Casualties and losses
182:(Athenian contingent)
920:Buck, R. J. (1998).
413:Peloponnesian League
248:class=notpageimage|
148:Peloponnesian League
906:Henry Graham Dakyns
451:. There was also a
390:Battle of Haliartus
107:37.8089°N 22.7103°E
103: /
803:The Ancient Greeks
792:, vol. VI, p. 102.
745:Diodorus Siculus,
661:Diodorus Siculus,
524:Diodoros of Sicily
954:390s BC conflicts
494:, and 3,000 from
415:: 3,000 from the
378:Battle of Coronea
346:Battle of Corinth
333:
332:
259:
258:
133:
132:
1006:
935:
913:
904:. Translated by
903:
881:Diodorus Siculus
866:Fine, John V.A.
860:
824:Simon Hornblower
806:
799:
793:
786:
780:
773:
767:
758:
752:
743:
737:
728:
722:
715:
709:
708:
698:
692:
689:
683:
674:
668:
659:
653:
652:
632:
626:
625:
614:
608:
607:
587:
568:Spartan hegemony
504:Ozolian Locrians
295:
285:
278:
271:
262:
261:
236:
235:
229:
203:1,500 cavalrymen
118:
117:
115:
114:
113:
112:37.8089; 22.7103
108:
104:
101:
100:
99:
96:
62:
61:
46:
26:
25:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1004:
1003:
989:Ancient Argolis
939:
938:
932:
916:
849:
815:
810:
809:
800:
796:
787:
783:
774:
770:
759:
755:
744:
740:
729:
725:
716:
712:
699:
695:
690:
686:
675:
671:
660:
656:
649:
633:
629:
616:
615:
611:
604:
588:
581:
576:
564:
551:
405:
386:
338:Battle of Nemea
334:
329:
296:
291:
289:
255:
254:
253:
252:
250:
244:
243:
242:
241:
237:
202:
201:24,000 hoplites
197:
195:
193:
163:
159:
155:
146:
111:
109:
105:
102:
97:
94:
92:
90:
89:
88:
47:
29:Battle of Nemea
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1012:
1002:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
937:
936:
930:
915:
914:
889:
878:
863:
862:
861:
847:
834:
814:
811:
808:
807:
794:
781:
768:
753:
738:
723:
710:
693:
684:
669:
654:
647:
627:
609:
602:
578:
577:
575:
572:
571:
570:
563:
560:
550:
547:
404:
401:
385:
382:
350:Corinthian War
331:
330:
328:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
301:
298:
297:
293:Corinthian War
288:
287:
280:
273:
265:
257:
256:
246:
245:
239:
238:
231:
230:
224:
223:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
210:
209:
205:
204:
199:
194:600 cavalrymen
189:
188:
184:
183:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
150:
140:
139:
135:
134:
131:
130:
124:
120:
119:
84:, present-day
76:
74:
70:
69:
66:
58:
57:
39:
38:
36:Corinthian War
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1011:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
946:
944:
933:
931:3-515-07221-7
927:
923:
918:
917:
911:
907:
902:
900:
894:
890:
888:
887:
882:
879:
877:
876:0-674-03314-0
873:
869:
865:
864:
858:
854:
850:
848:0-520-09635-5
844:
840:
835:
832:
830:
825:
821:
820:John Boardman
818:D. M. Lewis,
817:
816:
804:
798:
791:
785:
778:
772:
766:
763:
757:
751:
748:
742:
736:
733:
727:
721:, p. 100–105.
720:
714:
706:
705:
697:
688:
682:
679:
673:
667:
664:
658:
650:
648:9780198152392
644:
640:
639:
631:
623:
619:
613:
605:
603:9781848322226
599:
595:
594:
586:
584:
579:
569:
566:
565:
559:
557:
546:
543:
542:and allies).
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
522:According to
519:
516:
511:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
490:, 3,000 from
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
431:; 1,500 from
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
400:
398:
393:
391:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
299:
294:
286:
281:
279:
274:
272:
267:
266:
263:
249:
228:
219:
215:
212:
211:
206:
200:
191:
190:
185:
181:
178:
175:
174:
169:
166:
162:
158:
154:
151:
149:
145:
142:
141:
136:
128:
125:
122:
121:
116:
87:
83:
79:
75:
72:
71:
67:
64:
63:
59:
55:
51:
45:
40:
37:
32:
27:
22:
921:
908:– via
898:
884:
867:
838:
827:
813:Bibliography
802:
797:
789:
784:
776:
771:
761:
756:
746:
741:
731:
726:
718:
717:R. J. Buck,
713:
703:
696:
687:
677:
672:
662:
657:
637:
630:
621:
612:
592:
552:
544:
520:
512:
508:
473:
406:
394:
387:
345:
337:
335:
309:
198:400 slingers
138:Belligerents
34:Part of the
775:Pritchett,
513:As the two
484:Thrasybulus
469:Amphidolian
421:Triphylians
196:300 archers
180:Thrasybulus
176:Aristodemus
110: /
82:Peloponnese
943:Categories
910:Wikisource
895:(1890s) .
760:Xenophon,
730:Xenophon,
676:Xenophon,
574:References
532:Spartiates
471:slingers.
429:Lasionians
403:The battle
397:Agesipolis
352:, between
98:22°42′37″E
95:37°48′32″N
899:Hellenica
762:Hellenica
750:14.83.1–2
735:4.2.16–23
732:Hellenica
678:Hellenica
666:14.82.1–3
549:Aftermath
536:Perioikoi
515:phalanxes
488:Boeotians
465:Letrinian
461:Marganian
437:Epidaurus
425:Acrorians
305:Haliartus
893:Xenophon
805:, 549-50
779:, p. 83.
765:iv.3 § 1
681:4.2.9–15
562:See also
538:, armed
528:Xenophon
445:Hermione
409:hoplites
325:Lechaeum
187:Strength
73:Location
886:Library
747:Library
663:Library
556:Coronea
500:Chalcis
492:Corinth
453:cavalry
449:Halieis
441:Troezen
384:Prelude
366:Corinth
320:Coronea
165:Corinth
129:victory
127:Spartan
50:Corinth
949:394 BC
928:
901:
874:
857:408298
855:
845:
801:Fine,
645:
600:
540:helots
496:Euboea
480:Athens
476:Thebes
467:, and
457:Cretan
447:, and
433:Sicyon
427:, and
417:Eleans
370:Thebes
368:, and
362:Athens
354:Sparta
342:394 BC
315:Cnidus
161:Athens
153:Thebes
144:Sparta
123:Result
86:Greece
68:394 BC
994:Nemea
374:Nemea
358:Argos
310:Nemea
240:Nemea
157:Argos
78:Nemea
926:ISBN
872:ISBN
853:OCLC
843:ISBN
643:ISBN
598:ISBN
336:The
65:Date
340:of
945::
883:,
851:.
822:,
620:.
582:^
506:.
478:,
463:,
443:,
439:,
423:,
419:,
364:,
360:,
80:,
934:.
912:.
859:.
651:.
624:.
606:.
284:e
277:t
270:v
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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