38:
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630:. All three were soon virtually destroyed, prompting panicked crews to abandon most of the other ships. A confused action now commenced, both sides being hindered by poor light and heavy smoke. After five hours, the English withdrew, while the French began scuttling their remaining vessels, fearing another attack.
642:
Having achieved a substantial success, Harman left
Martinique and returned to Nevis on 11 July. At the cost of eighty casualties, he had destroyed or captured most of the French fleet, with only two or three ships out of twenty-five recorded as having escaped. French losses were around 600 killed or
633:
Harman attacked for the final time on 7 July, this time concentrating fire on the three forts. Saint Pierre and Saint Robert were quickly destroyed, while Saint Sébastien held out longer before it too was abandoned by its garrison. His victory complete, Harman withdrew, with most of his ships nearly
594:
On 2 July, the
English resumed their assault, this time engaging in a three-hour exchange of fire before withdrawing, and inflicting heavy casualties. Having spent 3 July carrying out repairs, Harman launched another attack next day. This lasted for some two hours, forcing the defenders to expend
583:
Harman's strategy was to force the French to use up their ammunition, since the blockade imposed by his ships meant they could not be resupplied. At 4:30 pm on 30 June, his squadron entered the bay and began firing on the French ships and batteries. Both sides suffered minor damage, before Harman
590:
and three other ships resumed the attack. After four hours of combat, the
English vessels became becalmed and had to be towed out of range. Although Harman suffered some casualties and inflicted only moderate damage in this exchange, French ammunition stocks were beginning to run low.
658:
on 13 October. While too late to have any significant impact on the result of the war, these successes forced
Crinjeens to abandon his attack on Virginia, and return to the Caribbean. Under the terms of the peace treaty, Surinam became a
570:
vessels and several local traders sheltering in the main bay. Although out gunned by their opponents, the French ships were protected by artillery based in Fort Saint Pierre, along with two smaller works, commanded by
Governor
807:..and here do hear by Tom Killigrew and Mr. Progers that for certain news has come of Harman having spoilt 19 of 20 French ships somewhere about the Barbados I think but wherever it is, it is good service and very welcome
37:
228:
650:, this news did not officially reach Harman until early November. Using his ships to transport an army of 900 men, on 22 September he captured the French trading post of
618:
When Harman resumed the assault on 6 July, he noticed French resistance had seriously declined. A fireship was released, setting fire to de la Barre's flagship
1171:
1045:
566:
Although his attack on St Kitts failed, Harman then headed for
Martinique after learning of de la Barre's presence. He arrived on 29 June to find nineteen
447:
were often a source of conflict, and many colonies changed hands on a regular basis. Since they also provided access to the highly profitable trade with
221:
214:
1196:
667:. Cayenne was returned to France, England regained Montserrat and Antigua, while Saint Kitts was divided between the two countries.
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much of their remaining ammunition. The
English withdrew again with minor damage, then spent two days awaiting fresh supplies from
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513:. In early June, the balance of power in the region was transformed with the arrival in Nevis of an English
1110:
Dictionary of
Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity through the Twenty-first Century
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986:
Burnard, T.G (2001). "'Prodigious Riches': The Wealth of
Jamaica before the American Revolution".
267:
735:
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452:
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238:
29:
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European treaties bearing on the history of the United States and its dependencies: Volume II
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272:
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163:
8:
534:
462:. When France entered the war as a Dutch ally in April 1666, ships led by local governor
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969:
British
Maritime Enterprise in the New World: From the Late 15th to the Mid-18th Century
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292:
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415:. Victory meant the English restored their position in the region shortly before the
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Shortly after fighting began in 1665, the English captured the Dutch colony of
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Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere
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88:
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The Four Days' Battle of 1666: The Greatest Sea Fight in the Age of Sail
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among others. Even when the countries were theoretically at peace, the
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Although the war officially ended on 31 July with the signing of the
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withdrew an hour later. On the afternoon of 1 July, his flagship
546:
518:
471:
779:
552:, Harman left Nevis on 25 June, planning to retake St Kitts.
522:
491:
1017:
The Royal Navy: A History - From the Earliest Times to 1900
490:
under Franco-Dutch control, their combined fleet attacked
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The attack on the French ships at Martinique 1667 by
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509:, while Crijnssen planned an assault on the English
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from 30 June to 7 July 1667, towards the end of the
663:, in exchange for confirming English possession of
482:retook St Eustatius, and in February 1667 captured
427:From the second half of the 17th century onwards,
1072:Pepys's Navy: Ships, Men & Warfare, 1649-1689
1043:Davies, J.G (2004). "Harman, Sir John (d.1673)".
878:
1158:
1033:
950:
908:
505:Following this failure, de la Barre returned to
455:had important strategic and commercial value.
695:The squadron contained the following vessels;
1034:Davenport, Frances; Paullin, Charles (1929).
920:
614:, who led the successful attack on Martinique
222:
1049:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
805:recorded the event in his diary as follows:
578:
1172:Naval battles of the Second Anglo-Dutch War
1019:. Vol. 1. Chatham Publishing; New ed.
486:, then an English colony. With much of the
431:were highly lucrative, and competed for by
529:, an experienced sailor who fought in the
236:
229:
215:
137:
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575:and Commodore de Loubière respectively.
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122:
1046:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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928:The Diary of Samuel Pepys, Vol. 8: 1667
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643:wounded, plus another 400 captured.
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466:captured the English possessions of
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914:
13:
1153:Battle of Martinique, 25 June 1667
541:in 1666. Reinforced by the 50 gun
429:Sugar plantations in the Caribbean
198:1,000 killed, wounded or captured
14:
1218:
1197:Military history of the Caribbean
1146:
478:. A Dutch naval expedition under
139:
124:
36:
1177:Naval battles involving England
796:
525:, and two fireships, under Sir
419:ended the war on 31 July 1667.
196:23 ships destroyed or captured
44:Willem van de Velde the Younger
1182:Naval battles involving France
1015:Clowes, William Laird (2003).
689:
677:
1:
1151:Rickard, J (22 August 2009),
815:
422:
404:was virtually destroyed by a
1063:UK public library membership
951:Davenport & Paullin 1929
670:
637:
7:
988:The Economic History Review
685:Harman's Martinican Bonfire
622:, which then spread to the
10:
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1207:1667 in the British Empire
971:. Edwin Mellen Press Ltd.
960:
517:. This consisted of seven
967:Bradley, Peter T (2000).
926:Pepys, Samuel pg 429-430
579:Battle: 30 June to 7 July
568:French West India Company
494:on 20 May 1667, but were
367:Expedition to West Africa
248:
190:
175:
153:
116:
49:
35:
27:
22:
304:Caribbean, North America
68:Saint-Pierre, Martinique
1093:. Seaforth Publishing.
1074:. Seaforth Publishing.
1038:. Carnegie Institution.
1000:10.1111/1468-0289.00201
1127:Marley, David (2008).
1055:10.1093/ref:odnb/12351
615:
563:
453:Second Anglo-Dutch War
451:, this theatre of the
394:Second Anglo-Dutch War
240:Second Anglo-Dutch War
154:Commanders and leaders
30:Second Anglo-Dutch War
1202:1667 in the Caribbean
1167:History of Martinique
1108:Jaques, Tony (2006).
1089:Fox, Frank L (2018).
605:
558:
531:First Anglo-Dutch War
201:80 killed or wounded
191:Casualties and losses
57:30 June - 7 July 1667
1070:Davies, J.G (2008).
709:(58 guns) flagship:
382:Battle of Martinique
23:Battle of Martinique
953:, pp. 138–140.
875:, pp. 506–524.
634:out of ammunition.
400:fleet commanded by
384:took place off the
85: /
616:
564:
511:Colony of Virginia
1187:Conflicts in 1667
1100:978-1-5267-3727-4
1061:(Subscription or
573:Robert de Clodoré
539:Four Days' Battle
537:in 1665, and the
480:Abraham Crijnssen
375:
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273:Four Days' Battle
205:
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164:Robert de Clodoré
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89:14.742°N 61.176°W
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994:(2): 506–524.
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656:retook Surinam
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320:Newfoundland
117:Belligerents
28:Part of the
15:
939:Davies 2008
888:Davies 2004
861:Marley 2008
836:Clowes 2003
736:Bonaventure
608:John Harman
559:Map of the
527:John Harman
464:de la Barre
445:West Indies
413:John Harman
402:de la Barre
350:2nd Surinam
335:James River
325:1st Surinam
186:2 fireships
170:John Harman
160:de La Barre
92: /
1161:Categories
1065:required.)
816:References
785:Portsmouth
774:Prosperous
742:Assistance
624:Saint Jean
612:Peter Lely
507:Martinique
500:John Berry
476:Montserrat
423:Background
411:under Sir
406:Royal Navy
390:Martinique
388:island of
362:Cape Coast
340:Martinique
293:The Medway
80:61°10′34″W
77:14°44′31″N
787:(10) and
766:Fireships
748:Assurance
724:Newcastle
671:Footnotes
638:Aftermath
628:Lion d’Or
561:Caribbean
535:Lowestoft
488:Caribbean
386:Caribbean
288:Dungeness
258:Lowestoft
915:Fox 2018
597:Barbados
519:warships
515:squadron
496:repulsed
468:St Kitts
409:squadron
315:Barbados
184:11 ships
181:25 ships
176:Strength
62:Location
1008:3091762
961:Sources
780:Ketches
760:Norwich
756:Frigate
654:, then
652:Cayenne
550:Norwich
547:frigate
523:ketches
498:by Sir
484:Surinam
472:Antigua
433:England
345:Cayenne
147:England
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770:Joseph
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712:Jersey
543:Jersey
521:, two
441:France
439:, and
435:, the
398:French
356:Africa
252:Europe
144:
132:France
129:
105:Result
1004:JSTOR
751:(38):
730:Dover
718:Crown
492:Nevis
330:Nevis
263:Vågen
1133:ISBN
1114:ISBN
1095:ISBN
1076:ISBN
1021:ISBN
973:ISBN
791:(8)
772:and
762:(26)
706:Lion
626:and
606:Sir
587:Lion
545:and
474:and
396:. A
380:The
168:Sir
66:Off
54:Date
1051:doi
996:doi
789:Roe
610:by
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230:e
223:t
216:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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