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1072:. Matamoros' forces were utterly defeated at Puruarán and Matamoros himself was captured by a loyalist cadet named Leoncio Rodríguez. He was taken prisoner by the Spanish forces and sentences to death on 23 January. Morelos attempted to save his life by offering the exchange of 200 Spanish royalist captured soldiers for Matamoros. The viceroy refused this offer and Matamoros was executed at the Portal del Ecce Homo on 3 February 1814. Upon discovering Matamoros' execution, Morelos ordered the massacre of all 200 Spanish prisoners. Morelos would meet his own death by execution at Spanish hands a year later in 1815.
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rebel camp, killing about one fourth of the troops under
Morelos' command. Due to the confusion and darkness, the rebel soldiers continued to fire at each other after royalist troops had already withdrawn. They fled the field in panic. This defeat marked the end of the fourth campaign initiated by Morelos and initiated the fifth where this southern noble would eventually meet his downfall and be executed by firing squad in 1815.
34:
996:
On the morning of 23 December, Morelos wrote Landázuri asking him to surrender the city of
Valladolid, promising to respect the lives of the commander and the royalist defenders. Landázuri ignored Morelos' offer and awaited the arrival of the attack. At midday, an insurgent division under the command
1023:
known as the Lomas de Santa María. Around midnight, the morning of 24 December, Iturbide had discovered the location of the rebel camp and was convinced by Llano to attack with expediency less the rebels be able to attack the city again the following day. Around 2 am, Llano and
Iturbide attacked the
987:
informed
Morelos of the Spanish royalist troop movements who then ordered Rayón to attack the combined forces of Iturbide and Llano to gain time for his own troops to reach and capture Valladolid. Morelos further understood the need for expediency as he needed to capture the city before the arrival
1001:
began its assault on
Valladolid. With just over 1,000 soldiers, Galeana entered the city from the north and routed the battalions placed there by Landázuri who for a time appeared to have been surrounded. About two hours later, the reinforcements under Iturbide and Llano arrived at the city who
1018:
After being informed of
Matamoros' defeat by the Spanish Royalists, Morelos sent an emissary to Matamoros ordering him to return to camp so that they could again attempt to take the city the following day. The rebels camped in a heavily forested area on the outskirts of the Valladolid
1006:
had initially wanted to pursue the retreating
Galeana, but was ordered not to do so by Iturbide who cited a tactical blunder which would be made in pursuit of the retreating forces. Galeana entered Morelos' camp and asked for reinforcements.
848:. Around midnight, the royalist forces succeeded in penetrating the insurgent camp, obliging them to flee the battle in disorder. This battle was significant in that it marked the decline of Morelos' military campaign for independence.
992:
where the rebels were repulsed by
Iturbide. After the royalists defeated Rayón, they proceeded to chase his army through the campo de Santiaguito where Rafael López Rayón, the only son of the insurgent commander was killed in action.
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who would later go on to become the
Mexican emperor. The battle which lasted the better part of two days, resulted in a victory for the Spanish royalists. The tide of the battle turned when reinforcements arrived from
956:
through his extensive spy network inside
Morelos' camp, also learning where Morelos was moving his forces and which forces were more concentrated than others. On 8 December, by order of the viceroy, Colonel
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immediately clashed with the attacking forces under Galeana. Galeana decided to retire from the battle after he assessed his situation as hopeless in taking the city.
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910:. After the execution of Hidalgo on 30 July 1811, Morelos became the de facto leader of the insurrection. After the rebel forces failed to capture Acapulco at the
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Cuadro Histórico de la Revolución Mexicana, comenzada en 15 de Septiembre de 1810 por el Ciudadano Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Cura del pueblo de los Dolores
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decided to attempt to attack the city again with his own division but was stopped by Llano and his troops at the center of the city, repulsing Bravo.
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of further reinforcements sent from Mexico City. Rayón and gathered his forces in pursuit of Llano. Various skirmishes took place on 21 December at
937:(present day Morelia) so that the congress could install itself in that city. In November, the rebel army traveled to the provincial capital of
764:
933:, where news reached them of their successful capture of Acapulco. It was there decided that they should attempt to capture the city of
981:. Landázuri marched with one third of the troops directly to the city of Valladolid where he began preparations to resist a siege.
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attacked the city of Valladolid at midday on 23 December after the Spanish refused their demands to surrender the city.
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commanded the third and final attempt to take the city which failed similarly to the previous two attempts.
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where he was commissioned to fight against the Spanish colonial government in the southern area of the
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The battle began when Mexican insurgents numbering around 5,600 men under the command of
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against an army commanded by Iturbide alone as Llano had been by that time recalled to
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to take the city, something they succeeded in doing on 25 November 1812.
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The Mexican insurgents, who numbered around 5,600 men, were commanded by
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1056:. On 4 January 1814, Matamoros commanded a force of insurgents at the
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1253:
Historia Ilustrada de México, de Hernán Cortés a Miguel de la Madrid
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977:, incorporating Landázuri's forces into their own on 23 December at
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that occurred from 23–24 December 1813 in the area around
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793:(present day Morelia). The battle was fought between the
1169:
Card Written by Morelos to Landázuri, 23 December 1813,
878:
After the declaration of Mexican independence triggered
42:, wherein the Battle of Lomas de Santa María took place.
952:
quickly uncovered the rebel plans to take the city of
1346:Villalpando, José Manuel; Alejandro Rosas (2001).
1385:"Carta de Bustamante a Rayón narrando la batalla"
1211:Seis Siglos de Historia Gráfica de México, Tomo 2
1405:
1227:
1173:de J.E. Hernández Dávalos, tomo IV, página 67)
1250:
1040:Due to concessions granted by members of the
758:
253:
1326:
1092:Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu
965:at the head of 1,000 soldiers. The Colonel
929:In September 1813, the rebels convened the
829:Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu
1414:Battles of the Mexican War of Independence
1204:(in Spanish). México DF: Impr. de JM Lara.
1199:
765:
751:
260:
246:
38:A map of the fifth and final campaign of
1208:
1052:and made plans to continue the fight at
1031:
866:
850:
1307:
1213:. Ciudad de México: Editorial Trillas.
906:with the established goal of capturing
1406:
1364:
1274:. Guadalajara: Ediciones Pedagógicas.
1288:
241:
1200:Bustamante, Carlos María de (1846).
1182:Time used in this article refers to
1149:"Triunfos y derrotas de Ramón Rayón"
1064:and named the military commander of
918:. From there the rebels marched to
13:
1269:
1171:Colección de documentos históricos
14:
1450:
1377:
1312:. Monterrey: Editorial Castillo.
1272:Historia de México, Tercer Curso
1127:"Campañas de José María Morelos"
1107:José María Teclo Morelos y Pavón
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1228:ESQUIVEL MILÁN, Gloria (1997).
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1308:TREVIÑO, Héctor Jaime (1998).
1184:Hora Central de México (UTC−6)
1176:
1163:
1141:
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880:war with the Spanish royalists
779:Battle of Lomas de Santa María
19:Battle of Lomas de Santa María
1:
1370:México a Través de los Siglos
1350:. México: Editorial Planeta.
1331:. Toluca: Editorial Trillas.
1293:. Puebla: Editorial Planeta.
1291:Mitos de la Historia Mexicana
1112:
944:
1251:Fuentes Mares, José (1984).
1027:
7:
1372:. México: Editorial Cumbre.
1082:Mexican War of Independence
1075:
783:War of Mexican Independence
26:Mexican War of Independence
10:
1455:
1327:Vasconcelos, José (1939).
1209:Casasola, Gustavo (1976).
1102:Mariano Matamoros y Guridi
1087:Mariano Matamoros y Guridi
888:José María Morelos y Pavón
862:
825:José María Morelos y Pavón
810:Mariano Matamoros y Guridi
806:José María Morelos y Pavón
141:Mariano Matamoros y Guridi
132:José María Morelos y Pavón
1348:Los Presidentes de México
1289:Rosas, Alejandro (2006).
1042:Supremo Poder Legislativo
892:Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
789:, in the municipality of
662:Petroleum nationalization
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1419:Battles involving Mexico
1329:Breve Historia de México
1046:Congress of Chilpancingo
941:, arriving in December.
931:Congress of Chilpancingo
677:Mexican Movement of 1968
497:Viceroyalty of New Spain
85:Spanish Royalist victory
1424:Battles involving Spain
1036:Execution of Matamoros.
858:, the insurgent leader.
555:Second Federal Republic
1037:
894:on 20 October 1810 at
890:met with rebel leader
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629:Occupation of Veracruz
121:Commanders and leaders
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912:Battle of El Veladero
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844:under the command of
592:Second Mexican Empire
314:Llanos de Santa Juana
278:Organizational phase
224:Casualties and losses
1439:December 1813 events
1255:. Editorial Océano.
999:Hermenegildo Galeana
838:Viceroy of New Spain
818:Hermenegildo Galeana
787:Lomas de Santa María
781:was a battle of the
714:Coronavirus pandemic
689:1982 economic crisis
542:Mexican–American War
421:Lomas de Santa María
159:Hermenegildo Galeana
68:Valladolid (Morelia)
64:Lomas de Santa María
1236:: Editorial Harla.
1044:, installed by the
967:Agustín de Iturbide
950:Félix María Calleja
939:Michoacán de Ocampo
900:Michoacán de Ocampo
842:Félix María Calleja
827:and the Spanish by
699:Mexican peso crisis
574:French intervention
527:Centralist Republic
502:War of Independence
178:Félix María Calleja
71:Michoacán de Ocampo
54:23–24 December 1813
1310:Historia de México
1270:Moreno, Salvador.
1230:Historia de México
1058:Battle of Puruarán
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908:Acapulco de Juárez
876:
860:
856:José María Morelos
40:José María Morelos
1434:1813 in New Spain
1097:Ciriaco del Llano
1013:Mariano Matamoros
1004:Ciriaco del Llano
985:Ramón López Rayón
975:Ciriaco del Llano
973:with the general
959:Domingo Landázuri
872:Mariano Matamoros
846:Ciriaco del Llano
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741:Mexico portal
683:La Década Perdida
672:Mexican Dirty War
656:(1928–1934)
619:Plan of Guadalupe
613:La decena trágica
597:Restored Republic
492:Spanish-Aztec War
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1389:. Retrieved
1387:(in Spanish)
1369:
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1309:
1290:
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1252:
1229:
1210:
1201:
1194:Bibliography
1178:
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1153:. Retrieved
1151:(in Spanish)
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1129:(in Spanish)
1121:
1041:
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1017:
995:
983:
948:
928:
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836:sent by the
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778:
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724:
704:PRI downfall
681:
652:
634:Cristero War
611:
561:
507:First Empire
420:
384:Alazan Creek
319:Huauchinango
277:
270:Mexican War
94:Belligerents
24:Part of the
979:Indaparapeo
963:Mexico City
904:viceroyalty
834:Mexico City
457:History of
394:San Antonio
374:Nacogdoches
304:El Veladero
280:(1811–1815)
1408:Categories
1113:References
954:Valladolid
945:The battle
935:Valladolid
791:Valladolid
607:Revolution
569:Reform War
563:La Reforma
537:Pastry War
416:La Chincúa
334:Tenancingo
1391:5 January
1155:8 January
1133:5 January
1070:Andalucía
1028:Aftermath
990:Jerécuaro
884:Carácuaro
586:1864–1928
329:Tecualoya
324:Zitácuaro
309:El Maguey
299:Zacatecas
1368:(1981).
1076:See also
1054:Puruarán
920:Tehuacán
726:Timeline
653:Maximato
448:a series
446:Part of
431:Temalaca
426:Puruarán
411:Acapulco
359:Escamela
211:Strength
59:Location
863:Context
401:Orizaba
364:Zitlala
339:Cuautla
1354:
1335:
1316:
1297:
1278:
1259:
1240:
1234:Oxford
1217:
1066:Málaga
1050:Puebla
1021:plains
971:Puebla
816:, and
646:Modern
459:Mexico
450:on the
406:Oaxaca
389:Medina
344:Izúcar
82:Result
75:Mexico
1062:Spain
961:left
896:Charo
369:Texas
1393:2008
1352:ISBN
1333:ISBN
1314:ISBN
1295:ISBN
1276:ISBN
1257:ISBN
1238:ISBN
1215:ISBN
1157:2008
1135:2008
777:The
51:Date
997:of
232:200
229:789
1410::
1232:.
1068:,
898:,
886:,
840:,
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1303:.
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247:v
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