106:
37:
172:
458:. At Bhimsensthan, Newar women stood at the windows of their houses and poured buckets of water laced with chili powder on the Gorkhali soldiers below. The men engaged the attackers in the street. After a brief battle, Jaya Prakash Malla realized that he had been betrayed by the nobles, and that Kathmandu was lost. He then fled to Lalitpur with his trusted troops. The number of mortality on both sides was 20-25. The inhabitants of Kathmandu awoke the next morning only find that
238:
230:
193:
207:
179:
418:
region which was outside the walled city of
Kathmandu. Jaya Prakash did not resist the Gorkhali invasion of Thamel. People began to look upon Prithvi Narayan as the savior since he defeated the British forces who were detrimental to the agriculture, trade, and handicrafts. Meanwhile, Jaya Prakash was
466:
In the following months, the
Gorkhalis also conquered Lalitpur. The three kings of Nepal then gathered in Bhaktapur for a final stand against the aggressors. Shah conquered Bhaktapur in 1769, thus completing his conquest of Nepal. He established the Shah dynasty which remained until 2008 when Nepal
342:
became king in 1742 and resumed the campaign. Convinced he would not be able to take
Kathmandu with strength, Shah sought to subdue the valley by choking its commerce and supply lines. His forces occupied strategic passes in the surrounding hills, and strangled the vital trade routes linking
479:
writes "None of the inhabitants of
Kathmandu lost anything as a result of the occupation of their town by Prithvi Narayan Shah. In fact, the occupation of a capital by an army without bloodshed and plunder had few parallels in the history of the world." He further argues that:
484:
Prithvi
Narayan Shah had no imperialistic ambition. His sole aim was to unify Nepal. This explains why he did not treat Kathmandu as a vanquished city and plunder it. He not only reassured the people of Kathmandu through his amicable treatment, but also chose Kantipur as his
389:
and Sardar Banshu Gurung. Captain
Kinloch sent a message of his inability to reach Kathmandu which disheartened Jaya Prakash. However, the local traders saw the British failure as a relief due to the detrimental effect of British on the trade of Bihar and Bengal.
462:
had become their King. A stream of people carrying presents went to the royal palace to great their new King. Guns were fired to celebrate the occasion. In the course of the gunfire, gunpowder suddenly ignited, and, as a result, Tularam Pande was killed.
410:
of
Kathmandu began to appreciate the liberal temperament and personality of Prithvi Narayan. Prithvi Narayan sent a message to Jaya Prakash asking him to surrender. However, Jaya Prakash began to hope the second British assault on Gorkhali forces.
381:
In August 1767, Captain George
Kinloch led a British force towards Kathmandu to rescue its beleaguered inhabitants. He reached within 75 km (47 mi) of Kathmandu and captured the forts at
1037:
454:, Surapratap Shah and Tularam Pande attacked Kathmandu and captured the royal palace in the night. They attacked from three points on its perimeter—Bhimsensthan, Naradevi and
439:
in 1767. The fall of the hilltop town located to the west of
Kathmandu, which was marked by bloody fighting and savagery, was a setback for the valley's defense.
1047:
816:
Britain and Tibet 1765-1947: A Select
Annotated Bibliography of British Relations with Tibet and the Himalayan States Including Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan
1194:
354:
In 1744, he took Nuwakot, which gave him a foothold in Nepal and allowed him to stop its trade with Tibet as it lay on the trans-Himalayan
1130:
327:
The Gorkhalis desired the Kathmandu Valley due to its rich culture, trade, industry and agriculture. In 1736, the Gorkhali king
171:
419:
unpopular among the local Newars due to his lavish misuse of the wealth of temples. Finally, Jaya Prakash had only a few
220:
873:
823:
798:
773:
741:
707:
668:
644:
569:
1109:
1089:
423:
citizens in his support as other inhabitants had changed their allegiance from Jaya Prakash to Prithvi Narayan.
378:
for help against the invading Gorkhalis. News of incoming English assistance raised the spirits of the Newars.
1189:
1174:
414:
On early September 1768, Prithvi Narayan began to analyze the strength of Kantipur forces. He captured the
537:
An Account of the Kingdom Of Nepal and of the Territories Annexed to This Dominion by the House of Gorkha
1179:
586:
304:
Kathmandu (alternative names: Yen Desa येँ देस, Kantipur) was one of the three capital cities in the
535:
105:
1199:
1013:
976:
890:
611:
1184:
1090:"Chronology Of Events During King Prithvi Narayan Shah's Campaign Of Territorial Expansion"
459:
399:
339:
278:
266:
121:
28:
814:
Marshall, Julie G. (2005). "Gurkha Conquest of Nepal and the Kinloch and Logan Missions".
8:
514:
1042:
866:
Expedition to Nepal Valley: The Journal of Captain Kinloch (August 26-October 17, 1767)
791:
Expedition to Nepal Valley: The Journal of Captain Kinloch (August 26-October 17, 1767)
766:
Expedition to Nepal Valley: The Journal of Captain Kinloch (August 26-October 17, 1767)
637:
Expedition to Nepal Valley: The Journal of Captain Kinloch (August 26-October 17, 1767)
509:
504:
436:
375:
274:
144:
109:
869:
819:
794:
769:
737:
703:
664:
640:
565:
382:
316:. The kingdom of Kathmandu extended to a distance of 12–13 days journey north to the
403:
335:, a border town and fort in the northwest of the valley, and was roundly defeated.
332:
328:
305:
129:
840:
731:
697:
476:
451:
420:
386:
250:
137:
36:
1169:
359:
321:
282:
241:
Kathmandu Durbar Square, where the main battle took place, as it looked in 1852
97:
366:
respectively, surrounding the Kathmandu Valley from the west, south and east.
1163:
1145:
1132:
447:
125:
385:
and Hariharpur, but was forced to retreat by a two-pronged attack from Kaji
309:
289:
237:
355:
296:. The Newars, lost to the Gorkhalis who were expanding their kingdom.
839:
Chatterji, Nandalal (1939). "The First English Expedition to Nepal".
455:
363:
313:
270:
229:
62:
432:
374:
The prolonged siege forced the Malla king to appeal to the British
443:
415:
407:
402:
began to assure support to locals of the outer reaches of the
324:
marked the boundary between Kathmandu and Gorkha in the west.
233:
Jaya Prakash Malla (reigned 1736-1768), last king of Kathmandu
348:
344:
317:
293:
431:
With the siege of Kathmandu continuing, the Gorkhalis took
562:
The Pundits: British Exploration Of Tibet And Central Asia
1067:
1065:
958:
956:
943:
941:
939:
937:
922:
912:
910:
659:
Northey, William Brook and Morris, Charles John (1928).
1062:
993:
953:
934:
907:
661:
The Gurkhas: Nepal-Their Manners, Customs and Country.
450:(26 September 1768), the Gorkhali forces commanded by
83:
Kathmandu Valley sieged and annexed by the Gorkhalis
292:in Nepal and the end of the rule of the indigenous
868:. Kathmandu: Jagadamba Prakashan. pp. 13–14.
733:Nepal: Refugee to Ruler: A Militant Race of Nepal
699:Nepal: Refugee to Ruler: A Militant Race of Nepal
683:Prithwinarayan Shah in the light of Dibya Upadesh
1161:
273:in 1768, and resulted in the defeat of its king
793:. Kathmandu: Jagadamba Prakashan. p. 110.
288:Shah's victory marked the establishment of the
768:. Kathmandu: Jagadamba Prakashan. p. 5.
639:. Kathmandu: Jagadamba Prakashan. p. 7.
564:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 171.
16:1768 siege in the Gorkhali conquest of Nepal
470:
41:Pagoda-studded skyline of Kathmandu in 1811
358:. In 1762 and 1763, the Gorkhalis overran
838:
1107:
1087:
1071:
1011:
999:
974:
962:
947:
928:
916:
888:
813:
609:
533:
236:
228:
1088:Acharya, Baburam (February 1, 1973a) ,
680:
1162:
1018:. London: Vernor and Hood. p. 322
981:. London: Vernor and Hood. p. 320
895:. London: Vernor and Hood. p. 320
616:. London: Vernor and Hood. p. 308
559:
22:Battle of Kathmandu/siege of Kathmandu
729:
695:
584:
369:
864:Raj, Yogesh (2012). "Introduction".
764:Raj, Yogesh (2012). "Introduction".
635:Raj, Yogesh (2012). "Introduction".
1195:Battles of the Unification of Nepal
1108:Acharya, Baburam (March 1, 1973b),
863:
788:
763:
634:
534:Hamilton, Francis Buchanan (1819).
13:
1110:"Annexation of The Malla Kingdoms"
789:Raj, Yogesh (2012). "Appendix B".
14:
1211:
393:
192:
591:. London: Adam and Charles Black
206:
205:
191:
177:
170:
104:
35:
1030:
1015:Account of the Kingdom of Nepal
1005:
978:Account of the Kingdom of Nepal
968:
892:Account of the Kingdom of Nepal
882:
857:
832:
807:
782:
757:
736:. APH Publishing. p. 112.
702:. APH Publishing. p. 125.
613:Account of the Kingdom of Nepal
1038:"Nepal's Gorkha kingdom falls"
723:
689:
674:
653:
628:
603:
578:
553:
527:
178:
1:
1046:. 2 June 2008. Archived from
685:. Catholic Press. p. 39.
520:
224:Location in present-day Nepal
663:Asian Educational Services.
491:Annexation of Malla Kingdoms
7:
730:Singh, Nagendra Kr (1997).
696:Singh, Nagendra Kr (1997).
681:Stiller, Ludwig F. (1968).
498:
426:
299:
10:
1216:
845:. Indian Press. p. 21
1012:Giuseppe, Father (1799).
975:Giuseppe, Father (1799).
889:Giuseppe, Father (1799).
818:. Routledge. p. 39.
610:Giuseppe, Father (1799).
560:Waller, Derek J. (2004).
254:
153:
115:
91:
45:
34:
26:
21:
1081:
471:Comments on the invasion
281:, king of the adjoining
842:Verelst's Rule in India
496:
331:launched an attack on
308:, the other two being
242:
234:
116:Commanders and leaders
1117:Regmi Research Series
1097:Regmi Research Series
585:Brown, Percy (1912).
482:
240:
232:
1190:History of Kathmandu
540:. Edinburgh: Longman
460:Prithvi Narayan Shah
400:Prithvi Narayan Shah
340:Prithvi Narayan Shah
279:Prithvi Narayan Shah
267:Unification of Nepal
265:occurred during the
221:class=notpageimage|
122:Prithvi Narayan Shah
29:Unification of Nepal
1175:18th-century sieges
1146:27.7167°N 85.3667°E
1142: /
515:Battle of Bhaktapur
467:became a republic.
269:. It was fought in
247:Battle of Kathmandu
1043:The Times of India
510:Battle of Lalitpur
505:Battle of Kirtipur
493:by Baburam Acharya
437:Battle of Kirtipur
376:East India Company
370:British expedition
275:Jaya Prakash Malla
259:siege of Kathmandu
243:
235:
145:Jaya Prakash Malla
110:East India Company
1180:Conflicts in 1768
931:, pp. 54–55.
588:Picturesque Nepal
263:siege of Kantipur
166:
165:
87:
86:
1207:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1151:27.7167; 85.3667
1147:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1124:
1114:
1104:
1094:
1075:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1050:on 11 April 2013
1034:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
990:
988:
986:
972:
966:
960:
951:
945:
932:
926:
920:
914:
905:
904:
902:
900:
886:
880:
879:
861:
855:
854:
852:
850:
836:
830:
829:
811:
805:
804:
786:
780:
779:
761:
755:
754:
752:
750:
727:
721:
720:
718:
716:
693:
687:
686:
678:
672:
657:
651:
650:
632:
626:
625:
623:
621:
607:
601:
600:
598:
596:
582:
576:
575:
557:
551:
549:
547:
545:
531:
494:
404:Kathmandu valley
329:Nara Bhupal Shah
306:Kathmandu Valley
256:
255:काठमाडौंको युद्ध
209:
208:
195:
194:
181:
180:
174:
134:
108:
102:Kantipur Kingdom
73:Gorkhali victory
47:
46:
39:
19:
18:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1160:
1159:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1112:
1092:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1021:
1019:
1010:
1006:
998:
994:
984:
982:
973:
969:
961:
954:
946:
935:
927:
923:
915:
908:
898:
896:
887:
883:
876:
862:
858:
848:
846:
837:
833:
826:
812:
808:
801:
787:
783:
776:
762:
758:
748:
746:
744:
728:
724:
714:
712:
710:
694:
690:
679:
675:
658:
654:
647:
633:
629:
619:
617:
608:
604:
594:
592:
583:
579:
572:
558:
554:
543:
541:
532:
528:
523:
501:
495:
489:
477:Baburam Acharya
473:
452:Vamsharaj Pande
429:
421:Maithil Brahmin
396:
387:Vamsharaj Pande
372:
302:
227:
226:
225:
223:
217:
216:
215:
214:
210:
202:
201:
200:
196:
188:
187:
186:
182:
149:Captain Kinloch
148:
141:Surapratap Shah
140:
138:Vamsharaj Pande
136:
130:
124:
103:
79:
65:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1213:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1126:
1125:
1105:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1061:
1029:
1004:
992:
967:
952:
933:
921:
906:
881:
874:
856:
831:
824:
806:
799:
781:
774:
756:
742:
722:
708:
688:
673:
671:. Pages 30-31.
652:
645:
627:
602:
577:
570:
552:
525:
524:
522:
519:
518:
517:
512:
507:
500:
497:
487:
472:
469:
428:
425:
395:
394:Thamel capture
392:
371:
368:
322:Trishuli River
301:
298:
283:Gorkha Kingdom
277:by conquerors
219:
218:
212:
211:
204:
203:
198:
197:
190:
189:
184:
183:
176:
175:
169:
168:
167:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
151:
150:
147:and his nobles
142:
118:
117:
113:
112:
100:
98:Gorkha Kingdom
94:
93:
89:
88:
85:
84:
81:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
61:
59:
55:
54:
51:
43:
42:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1212:
1201:
1200:1768 in Nepal
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1158:
1155:
1122:
1118:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1074:, p. 56.
1073:
1072:Acharya 1973b
1068:
1066:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1033:
1017:
1016:
1008:
1002:, p. 25.
1001:
1000:Acharya 1973b
996:
980:
979:
971:
965:, p. 25.
964:
963:Acharya 1973a
959:
957:
950:, p. 55.
949:
948:Acharya 1973b
944:
942:
940:
938:
930:
929:Acharya 1973b
925:
919:, p. 54.
918:
917:Acharya 1973b
913:
911:
894:
893:
885:
877:
875:9789937851800
871:
867:
860:
844:
843:
835:
827:
825:9780415336475
821:
817:
810:
802:
800:9789937851800
796:
792:
785:
777:
775:9789937851800
771:
767:
760:
745:
743:9788170248477
739:
735:
734:
726:
711:
709:9788170248477
705:
701:
700:
692:
684:
677:
670:
669:9788120615779
666:
662:
656:
648:
646:9789937851800
642:
638:
631:
615:
614:
606:
590:
589:
581:
573:
571:9780813191003
567:
563:
556:
539:
538:
530:
526:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
502:
492:
486:
481:
478:
468:
464:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
440:
438:
434:
424:
422:
417:
412:
409:
405:
401:
391:
388:
384:
379:
377:
367:
365:
361:
357:
352:
350:
346:
341:
336:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
297:
295:
291:
286:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
252:
248:
239:
231:
222:
173:
161:
158:
157:
152:
146:
143:
139:
135:
133:
127:
126:Tularam Pande
123:
120:
119:
114:
111:
107:
101:
99:
96:
95:
90:
82:
77:
76:
72:
69:
68:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
49:
48:
44:
38:
33:
30:
25:
20:
1185:1768 in Asia
1127:
1120:
1116:
1100:
1096:
1052:. Retrieved
1048:the original
1041:
1032:
1022:November 12,
1020:. Retrieved
1014:
1007:
995:
985:November 12,
983:. Retrieved
977:
970:
924:
899:November 12,
897:. Retrieved
891:
884:
865:
859:
847:. Retrieved
841:
834:
815:
809:
790:
784:
765:
759:
747:. Retrieved
732:
725:
713:. Retrieved
698:
691:
682:
676:
660:
655:
636:
630:
618:. Retrieved
612:
605:
593:. Retrieved
587:
580:
561:
555:
542:. Retrieved
536:
529:
490:
483:
474:
465:
441:
430:
413:
406:. The local
397:
380:
373:
353:
337:
326:
320:border. The
303:
290:Shah dynasty
287:
262:
258:
246:
244:
131:
92:Belligerents
1149: /
1054:11 February
849:14 November
749:November 7,
715:November 7,
620:November 7,
595:November 7,
544:11 November
356:trade route
78:Territorial
1164:Categories
1137:85°22′00″E
1134:27°43′00″N
1123:(3): 54–61
1103:(2): 21–27
521:References
475:Historian
456:Tundikhel
364:Dhulikhel
360:Makwanpur
314:Bhaktapur
271:Kathmandu
199:Kathmandu
63:Kathmandu
499:See also
488:—
485:capital.
442:On 13th
433:Kirtipur
427:Invasion
383:Sindhuli
338:His son
310:Lalitpur
300:Blockade
213:Sindhuli
154:Strength
58:Location
27:Part of
550:Page 7.
435:in the
333:Nuwakot
318:Tibetan
132:†
80:changes
872:
822:
797:
772:
740:
706:
667:
643:
568:
444:Ashwin
416:Thamel
408:Newars
294:Newars
251:Nepali
185:Gorkha
159:18,000
128:
70:Result
1170:Newar
1113:(PDF)
1093:(PDF)
1082:Books
446:1825
398:King
349:India
345:Tibet
257:) or
162:7,000
1056:2013
1024:2012
987:2012
901:2012
870:ISBN
851:2013
820:ISBN
795:ISBN
770:ISBN
751:2012
738:ISBN
717:2012
704:ISBN
665:ISBN
641:ISBN
622:2012
597:2012
566:ISBN
546:2012
448:B.S.
362:and
347:and
312:and
245:The
53:1768
50:Date
261:or
1166::
1119:,
1115:,
1099:,
1095:,
1064:^
1040:.
955:^
936:^
909:^
351:.
285:.
253::
1121:5
1101:5
1058:.
1026:.
989:.
903:.
878:.
853:.
828:.
803:.
778:.
753:.
719:.
649:.
624:.
599:.
574:.
548:.
249:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
.svg){kind=small}
