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construct a roadway to the beach's only exit. A fire caused by Allied bombing continued to burn in the
Japanese supply dump for several days and later attracted the attention of a Japanese bomber, which attacked the beach area late on 23 April, resulting in more fires and killing 24 and wounding 100 more. This attack also destroyed 60 percent of all rations and ammunition that had been landed, and resulted in shortages amongst the infantry advancing towards the airfields. On 24 April, the beach became more congested with the arrival of scheduled reinforcements and further equipment, as well as two transports and seven LSTs carrying troops, including the corps commander and his headquarters, which had been diverted from Tanahmerah Bay. To ease the congestion on White 1, 11 LSTs were landed off White 2, while engineers from the
1298:, the collapse of Japanese resistance was due to a lack of preparedness, changes in the command structure and a lack of combat troops; many of the 11,000 men based there were administrative and support units. None of the senior officers present had been in post more than a few weeks and the senior air officer had been relieved following the destruction of his air forces at the beginning of April. Neither Kitazono nor Endo had been able to prepare a comprehensive defensive plan, and in any event had neither the men nor the resources to carry it out. On the other hand, the Allied operation had been over-insured; concerns over the strength of the Japanese garrison had left the Allies with a four to one advantage in the event. Historian
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Operation
Persecution turning away for Aitape. They arrived off Hollandia during the night of 21/22 April and about 20 miles (32 km) offshore, the convoy split again with the Central Attack Group preceding for Humboldt Bay while the Western Attack Group turned towards Tanahmerah Bay. The landings took place at dawn on 22 April after a supporting naval bombardment at each site. Meanwhile, carrier-borne aircraft attacked targets around Wakde, Sarmi and Hollandia from 21 April, destroying at least 33 Japanese planes in the air and more on the ground.
111:
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from
Tanahmerah Bay. The fires around White 1 continued until 27 April when the engineers were released to return to the beach. The stores situation in the forward area grew more urgent as the supply line up the single road broke down. Aerial resupply brought some relief, and on 30 April a group of 12 LCTs, towed by several LSTs, arrived at Humboldt Bay. The situation was not fully resolved until 3 May when transport aircraft began landing on an airstrip that was hastily built by an engineer aviation battalion at Tami.
1330:, to the west, and all Japanese positions to the east untenable. Japanese forces to the west were reconfigured to form a defense line through Biak and Manokwari, while the Japanese 18th Army, still in defensive positions around Wewak, to the east, were faced with a long retreat west through the jungle having been ordered to bypass Hollandia and Aitape and reinforce the 2nd Army in western New Guinea. This plan was eventually reversed in favor of a counterattack on U.S. forces around Aitape.
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1017:, 125 miles to the east, at the same time as those around Hollandia. The decision to undertake these operations simultaneously stretched Allied shipping and logistics resources, and necessitated reallocating resources from other theaters and roles. The shortage of shipping meant that each ship had to be loaded as efficiently as possible, using a technique known as combat loading to ensure that the most important stores and equipment could be unloaded quickly.
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source of intelligence. During the early stages of the planning process MacArthur's headquarters believed that two
Japanese infantry regiments may have been in the Hollandia area, but this was later discounted. It was later thought that 3000 troops from the 6th Sea Detachment were in the area, and reinforcements were being rapidly transferred there.
1216:, which would be used to cross the shallow entrance to Jautefa Bay. The three supporting U.S. cruisers and destroyers began their bombardment around 06:00, concentrating on targets around the entrance to Jautefa Bay and Hollandia. This bombardment was augmented with air strikes from carrier-borne aircraft, while two destroyer-minesweepers,
1175:– suitable for vehicle traffic – ran inland towards Lake Sentani. Pre-landing reconnaissance efforts were hampered by the destruction of the Australian scouting party that was landed in the area by submarine in late March, and the reality of the terrain was only discovered through aerial intelligence that arrived too late.
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unable to resist the planned invasion. This bombing operation was also the moment in the New Guinea campaign when
Japanese air power no longer threatened the Allies. During the same period, American air and naval forces sank many of the Japanese ships which were attempting to transport reinforcements
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pushed forward from
Jautefa Bay to the lake to carry the infantry around the Japanese positions at the lake, completing their flanking maneuver on 25 April. By 26 April, U.S. troops secured the two eastern airfields, and later that day linked up with forces advancing from the 24th Division advancing
1285:
Meanwhile, the infantry continued their advance inland. By the end of the day on 23 April the 186th
Infantry were about halfway to Lake Sentani, while those from the 162nd had secured Hollandia and were securing the high ground around their objective, winkling out isolated pockets of resistance with
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On landing, the U.S. troops came under sporadic small arms and machine gun fire, but this was quickly suppressed. The terrain, however, proved more problematic. Red 2 beach was found to be highly unsuitable and the promised roads were non-existent. Backed by a swamp just 30 yards from the shoreline,
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were also assigned. The plan called for the establishment of a two-battalion front, with troops landed in seven waves at two beaches: Red 1 around the
Depapre Inlet and Red 2 on the eastern side of the bay. Allied planners believed that the two beaches were connected by a road, and that another road
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area to
Hollandia, with one division to be dispatched there immediately. Adachi ignored this order, and instead decided to concentrate his troops at Hansa Bay and Wewak. Adachi's decision may have been motivated by a belief that Hansa Bay would be the target of the next Allied amphibious landing and
1333:
Meanwhile, the Allies quickly made the
Sentani airfields operational and were able to mount bombing raids on Japanese positions as far west as Biak, making them useless for air operations. The landings at Hollandia and Aitape were followed just four weeks later by landings at Wakde, Sarmi and Toem,
1314:
Japanese casualties amounted to 3,300 killed and 600 wounded in combat; a further 1,146 were killed or died in the area up to 27 September 1944. A total of 7,200 Japanese troops assembled at Genjem and then attempted to withdraw overland to Sarmi; only around 1,000 reached their destination. Allied
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were unloaded over the shore at White 1, landing 4,200 tonnes of combat supplies and over 300 vehicles on the first day. The beach quickly became congested, as it had also been the center of a Japanese supply dump prior to the assault, and engineers had to work to clear the area with bulldozers and
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to come ashore with their infantry charges, but the approaches had to be cleared by engineers to allow the passage of the larger LCMs and even after this had been completed. The beach was narrow, though, and only allowed two LCMs to land at a time, while the even bigger LSTs had to remain offshore
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fired rockets at the high ground overlooking the beach where several Japanese antiaircraft guns were located. Over the course of an hour, this feature, dubbed Pancake Hill, was captured with only minimal opposition. The large majority of the defending Japanese troops there had uncharacteristically
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As an attack on Hollandia was not expected, no plans were prepared to defend the area prior to the Allied landing. Because aircraft carriers had not been previously used to support Allied amphibious landings in the South-West Pacific, in early 1944 the Japanese leadership judged that Hollandia was
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to support the landing at Aitape, with these vessels then proceeding to support operations at Hollandia until 11 May. The timing of the landings at Hollandia were moved back to 22 April at around this time due to logistical problems and the Pacific Fleet's other commitments, and it was decided to
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early on 20 April. After taking evasive routes to the west of the Admiralty Islands to avoid air attack, the convoy turned back towards their objective late in the afternoon. The convoy split around 80 miles (130 km) offshore, with the Eastern Attack Group, consisting of troops assigned to
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Allied planners estimated Japanese forces around Hollandia at around 14,000 troops in total. It proved difficult to accurately estimate the size and composition of the Japanese defenses, as attempts to infiltrate reconnaissance parties in the area failed. As a result, code breaking was the main
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As a result of the terrain difficulties, Tanahmerah Bay was quickly written off as a landing site; while the infantry already ashore pressed on to the Sentani plain the remainder of the 24th Division was diverted to Humboldt Bay, which had by this time been secured. After four days under these
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safe from a direct attack as it was beyond the range of the available Allied fighter aircraft. The 18th Army did not plan for the defense of Hollandia, and the Army Air Force and Naval units stationed there had little opportunity to develop plans due to the rapid turnover of their leadership.
756:
Allied intelligence successes led to the decision to land at Hollandia. Intelligence gained from breaking the codes protecting Imperial Japanese Army radio messages led the Allies to learn that the Hollandia area was only lightly defended, with Japanese forces being concentrated in the
729:, extending 15 miles (24 km) east to west. Between the mountain ridge and the lake was a narrow plain where the Japanese had built a number of airfields; three had been constructed by April 1944 and a fourth was under construction. Of these, only one was considered to be complete.
896:). Only about 500 of the 11,000 personnel were ground combat troops, being drawn from several antiaircraft batteries. These troops were positioned along the Depapre – Lake Sentani trail. A large number of Japanese aircraft were stationed at airfields near Hollandia in March 1944.
773:
to bring forward the previously planned landings at Hollandia to 15 April. Approval was granted four days later. MacArthur's plan was bold, as it involved making a large amphibious landing deep behind the front lines in New Guinea. The Joint Chiefs of Staff also directed the
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operation to ensure that the Japanese continued to believe that they would land at Hansa Bay rather than Hollandia. This involved air attacks and naval bombardments on the Wewak area, and faked landings of reconnaissance patrols. This deception effort proved successful.
1113:
to New Guinea. The Eastern Fleet's British and American aircraft carriers raided Sabang on 19 April. This operation had no effect on the Japanese, as the air units were being held in reserve for a planned major attack on American naval forces in the Central Pacific.
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near Cape Tjeweri at the entrance to Jautefa Bay, and about 4 miles (6.4 km) from Lake Sentani. White 1 would be the main landing, as it provided the only spot where the larger LSTs could land, while White 2 would be secured with smaller LVTs and
793:, Nimitz would only agree to commit this force for two days after the landings. As this would lead to gap in air cover between the departure of the carriers and airfields at Hollandia becoming operational, it was decided to make another landing at
1338:. Both Humboldt and Tanahmerah were developed with naval base, ammunition, repair and fuel facilities. The facilities in the area were designated Base G. Several higher headquarters were moved to the area, including those of the Sixth Army,
913:
provided most of the ground forces for the combined Operations Reckless and Persecution. The attack force comprised 84,000 personnel, including 52,000 combat troops, 23,000 support personnel, and a naval task force of 200 vessels of
951:. The operation was the 24th Infantry Division's first combat assignment after home defense duties in Hawaii and training in Australia, but the 41st Infantry Division had previously taken part in the fighting in
626:
infantry divisions being committed on the ground. Air and naval support consisted largely of U.S. assets, although Australia also provided air support during preliminary operations and a naval bombardment force.
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to the Hollandia and Wewak areas; these attacks were guided by intelligence gained from breaking the Japanese codes. The air and naval attacks succeeded in isolating the remaining Japanese forces in New Guinea.
1262:
abandoned their positions and fled inland. One company landed on White 2 and secured Cape Tjeweri, after which a group of 18 LVTs crossed the sandspit to land two more companies near Pim inside Jautefa Bay.
1207:'s Central Attack Group carrying the U.S. 41st Division also achieved complete surprise, coming ashore at two beaches: White 1, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of Hollandia, and White 2 on a narrow
2578:
1142:
At Tanahmerah Bay, after a naval bombardment from the three Australian cruisers commencing around 06:00, the two RCTs from the 24th Division disembarked from the four U.S. and Australian transports –
682:
to the west. It was occupied by the Japanese during their invasion of the Dutch East Indies in 1942, who planned to use it as a base for their expansion towards the Australian mandated territories of
2223:
1302:
attributed the success of the operation largely to MacArthur's bold decision to exploit intelligence gained through code breaking, and judged it was "MacArthur's finest hour in World War II and
1326:
Operation Reckless was an unqualified success, as were the landings around Aitape under the guise of Operation Persecution. The loss of Hollandia made the Japanese strategic defense line at
650:("Operation Persecution") to the east. The battle was an unqualified success for the Allied forces, resulting in a withdrawal by the Japanese to a new strategic defense line in the west of
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aerial support. There was little resistance initially, but further inland there was some opposition as elements of the 186th Infantry reached the lake by 24 April. Engineers operating
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that he could reinforce Hollandia at a later date. After the chief of staff of the Second Area Army travelled to Wewak to deliver Adachi orders in person, he directed that the
778:
to assign aircraft carriers to provide air support for the landings. The attack was designated Operation Reckless in recognition of the risks involved in carrying it out.
1134:; they joined up with other ships carrying troops bound for Aitape from Seeadler Harbour and then rendezvoused with the escort aircraft carriers providing air cover off
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922:. Of the total force, 22,500 combat troops were assigned to the landing at Aitape; while the rest (nearly 30,000) were allocated to the Hollandia landings.
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between 25 and 27 March to discuss the role of the Navy in the operation. While MacArthur sought eight days worth of support from the fleet's powerful
1342:, Fifth Air Force, and Seventh Fleet. Base G played an important role as a staging area for subsequent operations in New Guinea and the Philippines.
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to the west. In mid-July, the Japanese launched their counterattack with around 20,000 troops, resulting in heavy fighting further inland during the
882:
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to the main defensive positions which were located further to the west. Few combat units were stationed at Hollandia in early 1944. In March General
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begin moving from Wewak to Hollandia on 18 April; it was expected that this unit would arrive there in mid-June. Adachi continued to plan to make a
721:, 25 miles (40 km) to the west. The town itself was on the shore of Humboldt Bay, with a first-class anchorage. The headland was formed by the
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determined that the area should be seized and developed into a staging post for their advance along the north coast of New Guinea into the
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as a key base for the defense of western New Guinea in September 1943, though by November it had been decided that it would form an
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casualties amounted to 157 killed and 1,057 wounded. U.S. forces undertook mopping up operations in the area until 6 June.
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and with just one exit trail unsuitable for vehicles, it quickly became congested. Red 1 was found to be better, allowing
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single greatest contribution to the general's Pacific strategy". Stephen R. Taaffe reached a similar conclusion.
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which had an airfield that it was believed could be rapidly brought into service; this was later designated
2415:. The United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History.
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The Army Air Forces in World War II: Vol. IV, The Pacific: Guadalcanal to Saipan, August 1942 to July 1944
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939:(RCTs) were to land at Tanahmerah Bay. The other landing would be made at Humboldt Bay by two RCTs (the
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1069:. Meanwhile, on 30 March and continuing to 3 April these air forces attacked Hollandia itself and the
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in the Indian Ocean ahead of the landings at Hollandia and Aitape. This attack, which was designated
1041:
Initial operations commenced in the second week of March 1944 with air raids by aircraft of the U.S.
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2376:. History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. Vol. VIII. Boston: Little, Brown.
1077:, they were able to destroy 340 aircraft on the ground and 60 more aircraft in the air, leaving the
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1126:. After rehearsals and loading, on 16 to 18 April the amphibious forces sailed from their bases at
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Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015
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1898:"Securing New Guinea: The U.S. Navy in Operations Reckless and Persecution: 21–22 April 1944"
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702:. Consequently, Japanese efforts to develop the area were delayed throughout 1943 and 1944.
622:. The majority of the Allied force was provided by the United States, with the bulk of two
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conditions the two units had reached the western airfield and on 26 April it was secured.
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The Japanese high command intended to hold Hollandia. The area was selected by the
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The 41st Division was to stage from Cape Cretin, while the 24th would depart from
825:, was ordered by the Second Area Army to withdraw his forces west from the Madang-
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The battle took place between 22 April and 6 June 1944 and formed part of the
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2298:. Vol. Series 2 – Navy. Volume II. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
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worked to clear the beach, shifting stores and equipment into Jautefa Bay.
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1109:, aimed to prevent the Japanese from transferring air units stationed near
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attacked Japanese airfields along the New Guinea coast from Wewak to the
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Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States
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The ground forces would be supported by two naval bombardment forces.
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MacArthur's ULTRA: Codebreaking and the war against Japan, 1942–1945
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conduct the landing at Aitape simultaneously with the main assault.
16:
1944 battle between American and Japanese forces during World War II
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The main landings at Hollandia would be made at two locations. The
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Battles and operations of World War II involving the United States
646:. The landings were undertaken simultaneously with the amphibious
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Hollandia was situated on the east side of a headland separating
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and the abandonment of all positions in the east of the island.
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In response to a request from the head of the US Navy, Admiral
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The port and airfields were the base for units of the Japanese
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MacArthur met with the commander of the Pacific Fleet, Admiral
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1936:
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Battles and operations of World War II involving Australia
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The War at Sea 1939–1945. Volume III: The Offensive Part I
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was a port on the north coast of New Guinea, part of the
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conducted a raid on Japanese positions on the island of
874:. These totaled 11,000 men under the command of General
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Battles and operations of World War II involving Japan
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The Jungleers: A History of the 41st Infantry Division
2272:. U.S. Office of Air Force History. pp. 575–646.
2228:(4th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland.
1999:
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New Guinea and the Marianas: March 1944 – August 1944
2335:. Vol. III: The Decisive Battles. London: HMSO.
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2011:
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MacArthur's Jungle War: The 1944 New Guinea Campaign
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1960:
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2268:. In Craven, Wesley Frank; Cate, James Lea (eds.).
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634:. The operation consisted of two landings, one at
2584:Amphibious operations involving the United States
1322:The day after the airstrip at Hollandia was taken
1239:Three transports were assigned to the operation,
1228:, swept the bay ahead of the main landing force.
2530:
2432:. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas.
2315:. Melbourne, Victoria: Grayflower Publications.
307:
1061:(Task Force 58) attacked Japanese airbases on
838:at Hollandia if he was defeated at Hansa Bay.
405:
293:
2354:. Washington, D.C.: Infantry Journal Press.
2396:. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
1005:. These were supported by a force of eight
2539:South West Pacific theatre of World War II
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1257:. Eight waves landed at White 1 after two
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1196:where they were cross loaded on to LVTs.
2453:United States Government Printing Office
2249:. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press.
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1265:Seven LSTs and the Australian transport
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1203:Meanwhile, at Humboldt Bay Rear Admiral
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765:region. In response, on 8 March General
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801:. Nimitz offered to assign eight small
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1034:Hollandia airfield after raids by the
1013:. Secondary landings would take place
2564:Amphibious operations of World War II
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983:was made up of three U.S. cruisers,
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1900:. Naval History and Heritage Command
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918:’s Task Force 77 under Rear Admiral
1235:US landing craft cross Humboldt Bay
13:
1057:. In the final days of March, the
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694:were negated by losses during the
14:
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2296:Australia in the War of 1939–1945
663:Geography and strategic situation
2291:Royal Australian Navy, 1942–1945
1281:LSTs at Hollandia, 22 April 1944
979:plus several destroyers, while
821:, the commander of the Japanese
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2412:The Approach to the Philippines
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734:Huon Peninsula had been secured
709:Hollandia–Aitape operations map
2447:Young, Gordon Russell (1959).
2348:McCartney, William F. (1948).
1071:airfields on the Sentani plain
1:
2549:1944 in the Dutch East Indies
1166:– and moved ashore aboard 16
962:, under British Rear Admiral
657:
2222:Clodfelter, Micheal (2017).
1309:
1272:2nd Engineer Special Brigade
966:, consisted of the cruisers
610:) was an engagement between
311:Western New Guinea campaign
7:
2428:Taaffe, Stephen R. (1998).
2409:Smith, Robert Ross (1953).
1345:
1182:US troops at Tanahmerah Bay
1020:
776:United States Pacific Fleet
690:. Japanese plans to occupy
10:
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2313:South West Pacific 1941–45
2215:
1117:
1047:Royal Australian Air Force
738:South West Pacific Command
43:Landing craft approaching
2554:Indonesia in World War II
1357:Indonesia in World War II
1336:Battle of Driniumor River
854:Map of Operation Reckless
769:sought approval from the
732:In early 1944, after the
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2243:Drea, Edward J. (1992).
2158:, pp. 131–132, 145.
2122:, p. 102 (note 52).
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562:Neutralisation of Rabaul
528:Markham-Ramu-Finisterres
2515:2.533000°S 140.717000°E
2311:Keogh, Eustace (1965).
2264:Futrell, Frank (1950).
1294:According to historian
1085:The Allies conducted a
953:New Guinea in 1942–1943
937:Regimental Combat Teams
696:Battle of the Coral Sea
1945:, pp. 74–75, 403.
1703:, pp. 39–40, 383.
1323:
1282:
1236:
1183:
1038:
855:
832:66th Infantry Regiment
710:
612:Allies of World War II
229:41st Infantry Division
217:24th Infantry Division
141:Commanders and leaders
58:22 April – 6 June 1944
2520:-2.533000; 140.717000
2479:"Battle of Hollandia"
2333:The War against Japan
1321:
1280:
1234:
1181:
1033:
853:
799:Operation Persecution
771:Joint Chiefs of Staff
708:
260:Casualties and losses
2451:. Washington, D.C.:
1847:, pp. 397, 401.
1352:Naval Base Hollandia
1205:William M. Fechteler
927:U.S. 24th Division's
584:Bombing of Hollandia
423:New Guinea campaign
2511: /
2095:, pp. 102–103.
2083:, pp. 121–122.
1811:, pp. 106–107.
1691:, pp. 526–527.
1541:, pp. 109–110.
1442:, pp. 104–105.
1065:and islands in the
1001:under Rear Admiral
911:Robert Eichelberger
700:Battle of Milne Bay
632:New Guinea campaign
604:Battle of Hollandia
165:Robert Eichelberger
31:New Guinea Campaign
24:Battle of Hollandia
2329:Kirby, S. Woodburn
1871:, pp. 29, 41.
1679:, pp. 45, 48.
1667:, pp. 63, 84.
1643:, pp. 46, 63.
1565:, pp. 67, 88.
1324:
1283:
1237:
1184:
1059:Fast Carrier Force
1039:
908:Lieutenant General
856:
711:
648:invasion of Aitape
624:United States Army
608:Operation Reckless
589:Western New Guinea
2544:Conflicts in 1944
2462:978-0-7581-3548-3
2439:978-0-7006-0870-6
2256:978-0-7006-0504-0
2134:, pp. 87–89.
2056:, pp. 86–87.
2032:, pp. 84–85.
1996:, pp. 79–82.
1957:, pp. 76–78.
1835:, pp. 80–81.
1787:, pp. 49–50.
1739:, pp. 29–30.
1655:, pp. 89–92.
1631:, pp. 29–32.
1553:, pp. 98–99.
1493:, pp. 97–98.
1469:, pp. 82–83.
1401:, pp. 16–18.
1389:, pp. 59–60.
1377:, pp. 17–18.
1132:Goodenough Island
1124:Goodenough Island
1107:Operation Cockpit
1075:complete surprise
783:Chester W. Nimitz
767:Douglas MacArthur
742:Dutch East Indies
723:Cyclops Mountains
678:to the east, and
672:Dutch East Indies
638:and the other at
597:
596:
548:Bombing of Rabaul
468:Goodenough Island
387:
386:
276:
275:
187:FusatarĹŤ Teshima
154:Douglas MacArthur
121:
86:
85:
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1079:6th Air Division
964:Victor Crutchley
868:6th Air Division
864:FusatarĹŤ Teshima
811:Second Area Army
717:to the east and
516:2nd Lae-Salamaua
448:1st Lae-Salamaua
443:Battle of Rabaul
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2016:
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1007:escort carriers
883:Toyozo Kitazono
848:
846:Opposing forces
803:escort carriers
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2483:History of War
2472:
2471:External links
2469:
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890:Yoshikazu Endo
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2496:
2486:. Retrieved
2482:
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2393:
2373:
2350:
2332:
2312:
2290:
2269:
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2171:Morison 1960
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2132:Morison 1960
2127:
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2108:Morison 1960
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2054:Morison 1960
2049:
2042:Morison 1960
2037:
2030:Morison 1960
2025:
2018:Morison 1960
2013:
2006:Morison 1960
2001:
1994:Morison 1960
1989:
1982:Morison 1960
1977:
1955:Morison 1960
1950:
1943:Morison 1960
1938:
1926:
1914:
1902:. Retrieved
1881:Morison 1960
1876:
1864:
1857:Roskill 1960
1852:
1840:
1828:
1816:
1804:
1797:Futrell 1950
1792:
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1756:
1744:
1732:
1725:Morison 1960
1720:
1708:
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1665:Morison 1960
1660:
1648:
1641:Morison 1960
1636:
1624:
1612:
1600:
1593:Morison 1960
1563:Morison 1960
1558:
1546:
1534:
1522:
1510:
1498:
1486:
1474:
1462:
1435:
1423:
1394:
1387:Morison 1960
1382:
1370:
1332:
1325:
1313:
1293:
1284:
1266:
1264:
1252:
1248:Gunston Hall
1246:
1240:
1238:
1223:
1217:
1202:
1198:
1185:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1141:
1136:Manus Island
1121:
1092:
1084:
1073:. Achieving
1040:
1026:Preparations
997:
991:
985:
975:
969:
957:
924:
902:
898:
887:Rear Admiral
872:4th Air Army
857:
840:
808:
780:
755:
731:
727:Lake Sentani
715:Humboldt Bay
712:
692:Port Moresby
680:Geelvink Bay
666:
640:Humboldt Bay
629:
620:World War II
607:
606:(code-named
603:
601:
577:
521:
509:
504:Bismarck Sea
478:
458:Kokoda Track
374:Aitape-Wewak
333:
272:300 captured
208:
91:Belligerents
29:Part of the
2518: /
2503:2°31′58.8″S
2266:"Hollandia"
2093:Taaffe 1998
1833:Taaffe 1998
1617:Taaffe 1998
1527:Taaffe 1998
1515:Taaffe 1998
1467:Taaffe 1998
1455:Taaffe 1998
1340:Eighth Army
1151:Carter Hall
1095:Ernest King
1055:Biak Island
894:Ninth Fleet
746:Philippines
744:and to the
567:Admiralties
543:New Britain
265:152 killed
120:(naval/air)
2533:Categories
2207:Smith 1953
2195:Smith 1953
2183:Kirby 1962
2156:Smith 1953
2144:Keogh 1965
2120:Smith 1953
2069:Kirby 1962
1970:Kirby 1962
1931:Smith 1953
1919:Smith 1953
1869:Smith 1953
1785:Smith 1953
1773:Smith 1953
1761:Smith 1953
1737:Smith 1953
1713:Kirby 1962
1689:Young 1959
1677:Smith 1953
1629:Smith 1953
1578:Smith 1953
1551:Smith 1953
1503:Smith 1953
1491:Smith 1953
1479:Smith 1953
1428:Kirby 1962
1416:Keogh 1965
1399:Smith 1953
1375:Smith 1953
1288:amphtracks
1128:Finschafen
976:Shropshire
866:) and the
836:last stand
688:New Guinea
658:Background
652:New Guinea
533:Wewak Raid
2421:570739529
2382:174795561
2372:(1960) .
2341:632441219
2278:909927818
2081:Drea 1992
1845:Gill 1968
1821:Drea 1992
1809:Drea 1992
1605:Drea 1992
1539:Drea 1992
1440:Drea 1992
1310:Aftermath
1267:Westralia
1242:Westralia
1111:Singapore
1087:deception
1067:Carolines
1011:5th Fleet
992:Nashville
970:Australia
947:) of the
916:7th Fleet
862:(General
827:Hansa Bay
823:18th Army
668:Hollandia
644:Hollandia
578:Take Ichi
522:Chronicle
473:Buna–Gona
463:Milne Bay
453:Coral Sea
359:Driniumor
334:Hollandia
117:Australia
68:Hollandia
2559:Jayapura
2402:58588186
2392:(1960).
2331:(1962).
2288:(1968).
1346:See also
1254:Ganymede
1209:sandspit
1170:. Seven
1157:Kanimbla
1051:Vogelkop
1045:and the
1021:Landings
860:2nd Army
787:Brisbane
616:Japanese
479:Lilliput
379:Takenaga
364:Sansapor
354:Noemfoor
252:~ 30,000
247:Strength
241:2nd Army
63:Location
2321:7185705
2216:Sources
1304:ULTRA's
1163:Manoora
1118:Assault
1053:and on
1009:of the
986:Phoenix
904:I Corps
870:of the
815:outpost
642:, near
554:1944–45
485:Merauke
369:Morotai
2488:1 July
2459:
2436:
2419:
2400:
2380:
2358:
2339:
2319:
2302:
2276:
2253:
2232:
1904:2 July
1103:Sabang
1097:, the
1015:Aitape
906:under
795:Aitape
759:Madang
572:Emirau
329:Aitape
255:11,000
131:
114:
102:
79:Result
2304:65475
1363:Notes
1328:Wakde
1225:Hogan
1214:DUKWs
1063:Palau
998:Boise
968:HMAS
945:186th
941:162nd
785:, at
763:Wewak
752:Plans
684:Papua
676:Wewak
339:Wakde
134:Japan
2490:2020
2457:ISBN
2434:ISBN
2417:OCLC
2398:OCLC
2378:OCLC
2356:ISBN
2337:OCLC
2317:OCLC
2300:OCLC
2274:OCLC
2251:ISBN
2230:ISBN
1906:2020
1259:LCIs
1251:and
1222:and
1219:Long
1193:LCMs
1191:and
1189:LVTs
1172:LSTs
1168:LCIs
1160:and
1130:and
995:and
973:and
943:and
934:21st
932:and
930:19th
885:and
698:and
686:and
614:and
602:The
510:I-Go
491:1943
435:1942
349:Biak
55:Date
499:Wau
2535::
2481:.
2455:.
2294:.
2163:^
2100:^
2061:^
1962:^
1888:^
1585:^
1570:^
1447:^
1406:^
1245:,
1154:,
1148:,
989:,
955:.
878:,
748:.
70:,
2492:.
2465:.
2442:.
2423:.
2404:.
2384:.
2364:.
2343:.
2323:.
2306:.
2280:.
2259:.
2238:.
1908:.
892:(
761:-
413:e
406:t
399:v
301:e
294:t
287:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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