316:, spotted the federal camp, which was at the ranch with horses unsaddled. It was a surprise for both armies, who did not expect to meet so soon or at that place. Alvarez immediately gave the order to attack. The battle lasted two hours. Benavídez's troops, who were tired, hungry and short of sleep, were defeated. Although it was a triumph, the Unitarians only managed to disperse their enemies, not to defeat them. Shortly after the end of the battle they saw the thick dust of the Federal Army of the West, with its commander José Félix Aldao, who entered the ravine between the
92:
485:
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the ground, firing intensely at a range of 5 metres (16 ft). The federal cavalry returned to the attack, and again the cavalry of Crisóstomo Álvarez repelled their attacks and put them to flight. Giving chase, when the
Unitarian cavalry reached the road it turned sharply and charged the Federalist infantry. Major N. Barrera, in front of the Federal Infantry, gave battle until only 44 of his men survived, who laid down their arms.
462:
537:, Nazario Benavidez defeated the Unitarian fighters who had survived Angaco, recovered the city of San Juan and captured General Acha, who would be executed shortly afterwards. General Lamadrid continued his slow advance towards the cities of San Juan and then Mendoza, which he held in turn. Persecuted first by Benavidez and then by General Angel Pacheco, he was finally defeated in the
509:
enemy artillery and infantry. The
Unitarian guns fired point blank at Díaz's troops, who closed in hand-to-hand combat with bayonets and sabers. Meanwhile, Acha moved up and down the infantry line, giving them support wherever they were weak. The Federal cavalry was defeated by the Unitarian cavalry and as a result the infantry had to retreat with heavy losses.
295:
with a vanguard unit of the army, aiming to avoid meeting
Benavidez and Aldao but to distract the Federal Army of the West from its invasion of La Rioja, to give time for Lamadrid to get the bulk of his army into shape and to receive reinforcements. Along the way 380 of Acha's 900 men deserted. Acha
520:
Acha moved along his line, haranguing his troops to raise their courage. He told them the enemy would kill any prisoners, so they should die fighting if need be. Aldao, overcome by despair, personally led the remnants of his infantry and advanced to the ditch, where his men threw themselves flat on
512:
The battle was stopped around two in the afternoon, after six hours of fighting. While waiting for a new federal onslaught, Acha ordered his infantry to take position within the ditch, using it as a trench. Aldao, furious at being unable to win despite great numerical superiority, quickly reformed
508:
Aldao then ordered his cavalry to attack the flanks, where the
Unitarian guns caused great destruction and forced it to retire for the second time. During the confusion of the cavalry attack, Aldao wanted to exploit the situation and ordered Francisco Díaz to advance at the trot towards the line of
504:
Aldao ordered the infantry to charge the center of the
Unitarian line, with cavalry flanking both sides. Acha's artillery, superior to the federal, destroyed the infantry. The bodies filled the ditch from side to side. The federal cavalry attacked the Unitarian line, but a quick movement of the two
471:
Aldao continued to advance, safe in the numerical superiority of his forces, and met with Benavídez, who had reassembled his troops. Acha, made confident by the partial success that his vanguard had achieved, had time to choose the most advantageous spot to wait for the enemy. Acha selected a place
516:
When the
Federal cavalry managed to join the battle it was defeated once again by the Unitarians, with Crisóstomo Álvarez at its head. Despite being wounded, he led his troops and pursued the federal cavalry, which retreated for the third time. Aldao ordered a new maneuver, with commander Rodríguez
492:
Benavidez and Aldao argued about who should command the Army of the West. Finally they agreed that Benavídez would command the vanguard and Aldao the main army. On 16 August 1841, at 8:00 on a cold day, Benavídez advanced with his cavalry in an fierce attack before main
Federalist army had reached
475:
The battle site was known as "North End" because it marked the end of the valley and the beginning of the desert. Today it is crossed by
Ontiveros and El Bosque streets near the boundary between the municipalities of Angaco and Albardón. There is a memorial monolith placed on the site in 1993, on
524:
With the infantry lost, the rest of the
Federal army fled to the interior of San Juan Province. It was about 17:00. Meanwhile, Benavídez went to the city of San Juan, where he gathered 400 men, pretending to have triumphed. When Acha advanced towards the city, Benavídez fled to La Rinconada. The
472:
where there was a large ditch more than 5 metres (16 ft) wide and 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in) deep, with bushy rows of
Carolinian poplars on both banks. He formed up his army behind the ditch, with the infantry and artillery in the center and the cavalry on either side.
284:(Chacho Peñaloza) reassembled his army in the plains, threatening San Juan, and harassing the border towns between the two provinces. Benavidez, leading troops from San Juan, and Aldao, with troops from Mendoza and San Luis, planned to meet and take the city of La Rioja.
493:
the battlefield, and dashed against his enemies. After two hours of fighting, in which half of his men were killed, he had to retire. Aldao, aware of the situation, did nothing to help. One of the first to fall, with a bullet in the head, was Colonel
225:. This was the bloodiest of all battles of the Argentine civil wars. The Unitarians won a transitory victory, because soon after Federalists retook the city of San Juan and defeated, captured and killed Acha.
544:
Relations between Aldao and Benavidez were soured by the defeat. This was aggravated because Benavidez was named Chief of the Federal Army of the West soon after, and won military prestige despite the defeat.
304:
Before the fall of San Juan, Benavídez was supplied with 300 horses and 400 men. He returned towards the city at top speed. His force spent the night in a place called the paddocks of Daniel Marcó, in the
525:
Federal army lost over a thousand men, most of their baggage, and lost 157 infantry as prisoners. The Unitarians lost more than 170 men. Both sides left many of their officers in the battlefield.
309:, bordering Angaco. General Acha, knowing that Benavídez had returned with his column, left the city and went north to meet it with a small group of Unitarian reinforcements from San Juan.
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the two infantry battalions and ordered a new attack, without giving time for the cavalry, which was dispersed, to rearm. The infantry locked in bloody combat with heavy casualties.
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to attack with cavalry from the rear, but the Unitarians had been warned and shot at close range. Rodríguez was among those killed.
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Cazadores battalion (San Juan), Colonel José Manuel Espinosa, 350 men and Auxiliary Battalion of Mendoza, Major N. Barrera, 350 men
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and forced him to take flight. Brizuela, wounded in the back, was taken prisoner and died shortly after. The Unitarian General
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273:
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separated from the Confederation of Argentina and joined the Northern Coalition. This made the
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took the city of San Juan on August 13 without any combat, and in two days was reprovisioned.
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had managed to end the support that the French were supplying to the Unitarians, repulsed
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497:, head of the Cazadores battalion of San Juan. He was replaced in the field by Colonel
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On the morning of 15 August 1841 the Unitarian vanguard, the Brizuela Battalion led by
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217:, that gave an ephemeral advantage to the Unitarians. The federal leader was General
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48:
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Federal troops took La Rioja Province, but did not destroy the Unitarian army. In
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Aportes desde la historia a la revalorización del patrimonio cultural sanjuanino
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113:
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squadrons of Unitarian cavalry repulsed the attack and forced it back.
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Gnecco, María Julia; Sánchez Cano, Alicia N.; Frau, Silvana (2006).
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provinces launch a campaign against La Rioja. In 1841 the dictator
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The Unitarian victory was short-lived. A few days later at the
417:, 200 men, and Paz squadron, Colonel Francisco Álvarez, 140 men
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672:. Editorial Facultad de Filosofía, Humanidades y Artes.
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Archivo del Brigadier General José Nazario Benavidez
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541:, which ended Unitarian resistance for a decade.
280:, which was unprotected, and took it. Meanwhile,
424:, 477 men; Militia Regiment of San Juan, Colonel
257:. Rosas now began to take a grip in the contest.
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501:, who would twice become governor of San Juan.
420:2nd Auxiliary Regiment of the Andes, Colonel
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213:, about 23 kilometres (14 mi) NNE of
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676:
639:
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779:History of San Juan Province, Argentina
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197:(16 August 1841), was a battle in the
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731:Siri, Julio César (20 August 2008).
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722:Sarmiento, Domingo Faustino (2007).
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228:
13:
764:Battles of the Argentine Civil War
332:
14:
790:
619:Nazario Benavídez - Revisionistas
456:
90:
78:
679:"La Batalla Mas Cruenta (1841)"
476:the anniversary of the battle.
221:and the Unitarians were led by
677:Bataller, Juan Carlos (2012).
668:Arias, Héctor Domingo (2007).
253:and resolved the situation in
184:Over 1,000 dead, 157 prisoners
51:, San Juan Province, Argentina
1:
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479:
287:In August, Unitarian General
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528:
7:
724:El General Fray Félix Aldao
398:Freedom battalion, Colonel
10:
795:
274:Gregorio Aráoz de Lamadrid
264:the Governor of San Juan,
733:"Cruel batalla de Angaco"
539:Battle of Rodeo del Medio
413:Brizuela legion, Colonel
374:Chief of staff commander
328:Development of the battle
291:marched from La Rioja to
268:, beat La Rioja governor
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119:
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31:
23:
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350:Federal Army of the West
300:Meeting of the vanguards
85:Federal Army of the West
535:Battle of La Chacarilla
314:Juan Crisóstomo Álvarez
276:marched on the city of
499:Francisco Domingo Díaz
489:
468:
422:Juan Antonio Benavídez
282:Ángel Vicente Peñaloza
103:Commanders and leaders
487:
464:
251:Buenos Aires Province
187:170 dead, 144 wounded
179:Casualties and losses
495:José Manuel Espinoza
243:Juan Manuel de Rosas
199:Argentine Civil Wars
26:Argentine Civil Wars
711:"Nazario Benavídez"
589:Angaco - Granaderos
307:Albardón Department
215:San Juan, Argentina
142:1.127-1.477 cavalry
774:August 1841 events
490:
469:
439:4 pieces, 120 men
415:Crisóstomo Álvarez
356:Commander in chief
322:Sierra de Villicum
769:Conflicts in 1841
683:San Juan al Mundo
488:Nazario Benavídez
454:
453:
389:Nazario Benavídez
266:Nazario Benavídez
235:La Rioja Province
229:Setting the scene
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159:(c. 500-600 men)
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49:Angaco Department
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726:. RED Ediciones.
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685:. Archived from
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466:José Félix Aldao
436:2 pieces, 39 men
380:Atanasio Marques
365:José Félix Aldao
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219:José Félix Aldao
195:Battle of Angaco
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109:José Félix Aldao
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19:Battle of Angaco
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400:Lorenzo Álvarez
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333:Order of battle
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737:Diario de Cuyo
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661:Granaderos.com
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457:Unitarian plan
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426:José M. Oyuela
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384:Server Pizarro
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270:Tomás Brizuela
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39:16 August 1841
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715:Revisionistas
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689:on 2013-01-04
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640:Bataller 2012
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145:120 artillery
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129:: 1.947-2.297
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740:. Retrieved
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691:. Retrieved
687:the original
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553:
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543:
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507:
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491:
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360:Mariano Acha
311:
303:
289:Mariano Acha
286:
259:
247:Juan Lavalle
233:In May 1840
232:
223:Mariano Acha
194:
192:
169:39 artillery
163:250 infantry
154:
153:
139:700 infantry
126:
125:
114:Mariano Acha
72:Belligerents
742:16 December
318:Pie de Palo
166:340 cavalry
135:2.200 men)
758:Categories
693:2012-11-13
549:References
480:The battle
450:1.947 men
428:, 350 men
371:Assistants
346:(Vanguard)
344:Unitarians
255:Montevideo
209:forces at
207:Federalist
97:Unitarians
604:Siri 2008
554:Citations
529:Aftermath
433:Artillery
402:, 250 men
376:Igarzábal
262:Sañogasta
203:Unitarian
172:2 cannons
148:4 cannons
61:Unitarian
657:"Angaco"
395:Infantry
293:San Juan
278:La Rioja
201:between
120:Strength
44:Location
24:Part of
649:Sources
447:629 men
410:Cavalry
63:victory
211:Angaco
57:Result
444:Total
157:: 629
155:Total
127:Total
744:2011
320:and
239:Cuyo
205:and
193:The
36:Date
340:Arm
249:in
760::
735:.
713:.
681:.
659:.
626:^
611:^
596:^
561:^
382:,
378:,
324:.
133:c.
746:.
717:.
705:.
696:.
663:.
642:.
621:.
606:.
591:.
131:(
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