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datasets from the South
African Seismic Array in Kalahari (Carlson et al., 1996) and compared their results when using one and multiple frequencies to previous studies by Fouch et al. (2004), Priestley et al. (2006), and Silver et al. (2001). Youssof et al. (2015) models are similar in some ways, but they also have significant differences which include new results of cratonic boundaries, the keels' depth, and their structures.
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59:
Mohammad
Youssof and colleagues (Youssof et al., 2015) of Rice University and the University of Copenhagen conducted one of the studies that compared both the Born-Fréchet kernel theory and the infinitesimal geometrical ray theory when they used the same datasets to see the resolving power on real
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along the entire ray path of a body wave. This theory suggests that the area that influences the ray velocity is the surrounding material and not the infinitesimally small ray path. This surrounding material forms a tube enclosing the ray, but does not incorporate the ray path itself.
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Youssof, M.; Thybo, H.; Artemieva, I.M.; Levander, A. (June 2015). "Upper mantle structure beneath southern
African cratons from seismic finite-frequency P- and S-body wave tomography".
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Carlson, Richard W.; Grove, Timothy L.; De Wit, Maarten J.; Gurney, John J. (16 July 1996). "Program to study crust and mantle of the
Archean craton in southern Africa".
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56:" part of the name comes from the ring shape of the cross-section. The ray path is a hollow banana, or a banana-shaped doughnut.
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Schematic illustration of the first
Fresnel zone for one source-receiver pair. W indicates the width of the first Fresnel zone.
52:" because the tube of influence along the entire ray path from source to receiver is an arc resembling the fruit. The "
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Priestley, Keith; McKenzie, Dan; Debayle, Eric (April 2006). "The state of the upper mantle beneath southern Africa".
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Fouch, M. J. (June 2004). "Mantle seismic structure beneath the
Kaapvaal and Zimbabwe Cratons".
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The name was coined by
Princeton University postdoc Henk Marquering. This theory gets the name "
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van der Hilst, Robert D.; de Hoop, Maarten V. (December 2005).
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79:"Fréchet kernels for finite-frequency traveltimes-I. Theory"
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Dahlen, F. A.; Hung, S.-H.; Nolet, Guust (April 2000).
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120:"Banana-doughnut kernels and mantle tomography"
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229:Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union
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160:"The Banana-Doughnut Debate Explained"
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172:An image of the model can be found
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30:Born-Fréchet kernel theory
28:- also sometimes known as
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34:Finite-frequency theory
438:Seismology measurement
26:Banana Doughnut theory
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350:2001GeoRL..28.2493S
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