Baltimore and Ohio Railroad

889: 1030: 1647: 1397:. Furthermore, the Pennsylvania Railroad and other investors sought permission to construct rail lines which threatened the B&O's monopolies on the Washington Branch (between Relay and Washington DC) and westward through Cumberland, Maryland. Raids and battles during the war also cost the B&O substantial losses, many never indemnified. Master of Transportation Prescott Smith kept a diary during the war years, describing incidents such as the June 1861 derailment of a 50 car coal train, which plunged into a ravine after a bridge was destroyed (the wreckage burned for months and melted the metal coal hoppers), as well as later ironclad trains (one only disabled by an artillery shell piercing the boiler). 2661: 1445:, a major B&O work center, having blown up the Harpers Ferry railroad bridge on June 14. Confederates confiscated dozens of locomotives and train cars and ripped up double track in order to ship rails for Confederate use in Virginia (14 locomotives and 83 rail cars were dismantled and sent south, and another 42 locomotives and 386 rail cars damaged or destroyed at Martinsburg, with the B&O water station and machine shops also destroyed and 102 miles (164 km) miles of telegraph wire removed by the time federal control was restored in March 1862). By the end of 1861, 23 B&O railroad bridges had been burned and 36.5 miles (58.7 km) of track were torn up or destroyed. 2075: 1156: 1157: 1433:'s mayor also wrote, threatening to cut the B&O's main line by destroying the long bridge over the Potomac River at Harpers Ferry, and Garrett also received anonymous threats. Thus he and others asked Secretary of War Cameron to protect the B&O as the national capitol's main westward link. Cameron instead warned Garrett that passage of any rebel troops over his line would be treason. The Secretary of War agreed to station troops to protect the North Central, the Pennsylvania Railroad, and even the PW&B, but flatly refused to help the B&O, his main competition. 980:(which remains one of the B&O's signature structures). This line was partially funded by the state of Maryland, and was operated separately until the 1870s, with Maryland receiving a 25 percent cut of gross passenger receipts. The B&O's charter also forbade further taxation of the railroad, and that no-tax provision was upheld in the 1840s after Baltimore City tried to tax it. This Washington Branch line was built in stone, much like the original mainline. By this time, however, strap rail was no longer used for new construction. Most of the stone bridges on the 1318:, was the first man killed; stationmaster Fontaine Beckham, who was also the town's mayor, was killed the next day. Raiders had cut the telegraph line, and stopped the 1:30 am Wheeling to Baltimore express, but after several hours the train was allowed to continue and at the first station with a working telegraph (Monocacy) the conductor sent a telegram to B&O headquarters. After confirming from the Martinsburg station (via Wheeling, because of the cut telegraph line) that the report was not a hoax, Garrett telegraphed President 3152: 750:. Thomas was elected as the first president and Brown the treasurer. The capital of the proposed company was fixed at five million dollars, but the B&O was initially capitalized in 1827 with a three million dollar issue of stock. Half of this stock was reserved for the Maryland state government and the municipal government of Baltimore, which invested $ 1,000,000 and $ 500,000, respectively, in the new company. Around twenty-two thousand people—a quarter of the city's population—bought the remaining private equity. 2721: 338: 1250: 759: 3190: 2653: 1992: 3034: 1461:. As winter began, coal prices soared in Washington, even though the B&O in September arranged for free coal transport from its Cumberland, Maryland, terminal down the C&O Canal (which reduced prices somewhat, although Confederates also damaged the C&O canal that winter). Furthermore, western farmers could not get their produce to markets because of the B&O shutdown, only partially alleviated by the summer 1861 Union army victories at the 1078: 789:), opened on May 24, 1830. A horse pulled the first cars 26 miles and back, since the B&O did not decide to use steam power for several years. Railroad men in South Carolina had earlier commissioned a steam locomotive from a New York foundry (which would reach 25 miles per hour and became the first passenger service by locomotive), while the B&O was still experimenting with horse power and sails. The B&O's first locomotive, 2556: 499: 36: 2344: 2087: 2271: 4109: 694:, faced economic stagnation unless it opened a route to the Western states. On February 27, 1827, twenty-five merchants and bankers studied the best means of restoring "that portion of the Western trade which has recently been diverted from it by the introduction of steam navigation." Their answer was to build a railroad: one of the first commercial lines in the world. 1476:, the PW&B President, wrote newspapers about the War Department's discrimination against his cooperating railroad line, which competed with Cameron's favored North Central and Pennsylvania Railroads. President Lincoln (familiar with railroad law since his days as an Illinois lawyer) in January 1862 replaced Cameron with Pennsylvania lawyer 1359:, who had received orders from the Secretary of War to retake Harpers Ferry and capture the insurgent abolitionists, which they quickly did. Garrett reported with evident relief the next day that aside from the cut telegraph line, which was quickly repaired, there had been no damage to any B&O track, equipment, or facilities. 4877: 2488:, the same year. Financial problems in both the VM and B&O forced a halt to construction and led to the B&O's loss of control of the VM. Following bankruptcy, and control by the Pennsylvania Railroad, by the time the line was completed in 1910 there was no longer any point to the river crossing. Thus, the renamed 2680:

was reworked, sections of the original right-of-way cut off by the straightening of curves and replacement of old, weight-restricted bridges with newer, heavier bridges. Most of Loree's work on the B&O physical plant remains evident today. Many iron and steel bridges on the railroad were replaced

701:

The railroad grew from a capital base of $ 3 million in 1827 (equivalent to $ 81 million in 2023) to a large enterprise generating $ 2.7 million of annual profit on its 380 miles (610 km) of track in 1854, with 19 million passenger miles. The railroad fed tens of millions of dollars of shipments

1041:

When construction began on the B&O in the 1820s, railroad engineering was in its infancy. Unsure exactly which materials would suffice, the B&O erred on the side of sturdiness and built many of its early structures of granite. Even the track bed to which iron strap rail was affixed consisted

1004:

The B&O also wanted access to Pittsburgh and coal fields in western Pennsylvania and Ohio. Although the directors of the Pennsylvania Railroad wanted a monopoly in their state, delays in laying track to Pittsburgh led the Pennsylvania legislature in 1846 to require construction to be completed

996:

connected to this line at Annapolis Junction in 1840. As an unwritten condition for the charter, it was understood that the state of Maryland would not charter any competing line between Baltimore and Washington, and no such charters were approved until well after the American Civil War, when the

697:

Their plans worked well, despite many political problems from canal backers and other railroads. For example, only the Pennsylvania Railroad was allowed to build in its namesake state, requiring the B&O to skirt around a corner of the state, even though the Pennsylvania Railroad didn't even

1448:

Since Jackson cut the B&O main line into Washington for more than six months, the North Central and Pennsylvania Railroads profited from overflow traffic, even as many B&O trains stood idle in Baltimore. Garrett tried to use his government contacts to secure the needed protection, from

2716:

tracks to Jersey City. Passengers rode CNJ ferries or B&O busses to Manhattan. Suffering from its weaker market position from Baltimore to New York, the B&O discontinued all passenger service north of Baltimore on April 26, 1958. One day later, the railroad had declared itself fully

678:

In New York, political support for the Erie Canal detracted from the prospect of building a railroad to replace it, whose full length did not open until 1844. Mountains in Pennsylvania made construction in the western part of the state expensive and technically challenging, and the

2284:

west out of Washington, which was completed in 1873 after years of erratic effort. Before this line was laid, rail traffic west of Washington had to travel first to Relay or Baltimore before joining the main line. The line cut a more or less straight line from Washington to

2289:, with many grades and large bridges. Upon the opening of this line, through passenger traffic was rerouted through Washington, and the Old Main Line from Point of Rocks to Relay was reduced to secondary status as far as passenger service was concerned. The Washington to 3033: 1654:

The second half of the Civil War was characterized by near-continuous raiding, which severely hampered the Union defense of Washington, D.C. Union forces and leaders often failed to properly secure the region, despite the B&O's vital importance to the Union cause.

1133:

between Washington, D.C., and Baltimore along the B&O's right-of-way. The B&O approved the project with the agreement that the railroad would have free use of the line upon its completion. An impressive demonstration occurred on May 1, 1844, when news of the

726:, which were at that time being tested in a comprehensive fashion as commercial ventures. Their investigation completed, they held an organizational meeting on February 12, 1827, including about twenty-five citizens, most of whom were Baltimore merchants or bankers. 675:, demonstrated speeds of 25 miles (40 km) per hour, dramatically decreasing the cost of transportation and announcing the coming end of the canal and turnpike (road) systems, many of which were never completed since they were or would soon be obsolete. 1488:

would take a "team of rivals" approach to railroad management and allow civilian operations to continue. In February 1862, Union forces recaptured Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry, and work crews continued replacing wrecked bridges and equipment, although

1819: 2320:

in southern Maryland, lawyers for the Pennsylvania RR picked up on a clause in the unfulfilled charter allowing branches up to 20 miles (32 km) long, from any point and in any direction. The projected route, passing through what is now

1684:, who commanded the department responsible for defense of the area. As preparations for the battle progressed, the B&O provided transport for federal troops and munitions, and on two occasions Garrett was contacted directly by President 1121:. Before the decade of the 1830s ended, the B&O built a 5.5-mile-long (8.9 km) alternate route that became known as the Mount Airy Loop. The planes were quickly abandoned and forgotten, though some artifacts survive to the present. 1343:(end of the line before the bridge was built), and troops continued across the bridge on foot. Soon Garrett's Master of Transportation William Prescott Smith left Baltimore City, together with Maryland Gen. Charles G. Egerton Jr. and the 3620:, embracing a general historical and descriptive view of the scenery, agricultural and mineral resources, and prominent features of the travelled route from Baltimore to Harper's Ferry, Cumberland, Wheeling, Cincinnati, and Louisville 3317:

Wooddy, William (1827). "Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Proceedings of sundry citizens of Baltimore, convented for the Purpose of Devising the most efficient Means of Improving the Intercourse between that City and the Western States".

1237:(Mount Clare in 1829) and was the first railroad to earn passenger revenues in December 1829, and publish a timetable on May 23, 1830. On Christmas Eve 1852, the B&O line was completed between Baltimore and the Ohio River near 1334:

about the insurrection in progress. The B&O made its rolling stock available to the military. At 3:20 pm a train left Washington Depot with 87 U.S. Marines and two howitzers, and a 3:45 p.m. train from nearer

1812: 2531:. The canal was operated by the B&O until 1924 when it was damaged in another flood. The canal's property was later transferred to the U.S. government in 1938 in consideration for obtaining a loan from the federal 928:

required substantial maintenance and was never completed through the Appalachians to the Ohio River watershed. Thus, while the B&O reached Wheeling in 1853, political compromises meant the B&O would only reach

2676:, was appointed president. Loree shared the Pennsy management's belief in infrastructure and the B&O at that time needed some of that. New classes of engines were built to haul longer, heavier trains faster. The 1277:. These conflicts became more intense in the 1850s after the completion of the C&O Canal, which brought additional competition to the B&O. In 1853, after being nominated by large shareholder and director 1117:, one on each side of the ridge, along which teams of horses, and perhaps steam-powered winches, would assist pulling the trains uphill. The planes, about a mile long on each side, quickly proved an operational 727: 1805: 1440:

began. Stonewall Jackson initially permitted B&O trains to operate during limited hours over the approximately 100 miles from Point of Rocks to Cumberland. On June 20, 1861, Jackson's Confederates seized

599:

until 1852, 24 years after the project started. Yet the Ohio River was from the beginning the destination the railroad was seeking to link with Baltimore, at the time a transportation center. By crossing the

1672:

This military strategy, or lack thereof, allowed Confederate commanders to contribute significantly to the length of the war, by conducting free-ranging military operations against the region and railroad.

2460:. The line projected west across the Potomac River was intended to cross the Potomac just north of the D.C. line, to continue southwest to a connection with the B&O-controlled Virginia Midland (VM) in 1386:. The B&O became crucial to the Federal government during the Civil War, being the main rail connection between Washington, D.C., and the northern states, especially west of the Appalachian mountains. 448:, which caused considerable damage to the system. After the Civil War, the B&O consolidated several feeder lines in Virginia and West Virginia, and expanded westward into Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. 2316:. The state of Maryland had stayed true to its implicit promise not to grant competing charters for the Baltimore/Washington line, but when a charter was granted in 1860 to build a line from Baltimore to 1045:

Though the granite soon proved too unforgiving and expensive for track, most of the B&O's monumental bridges have survived to this day, and many are still in active railroad use by CSX. Baltimore's

1005:

within 10 years, else competition would be allowed. The Pennsylvania Railroad finished its trans-Allegheny track with two years to spare, thus the B&O would only be able to extend its tracks up the

2672:

Following its emergence from bankruptcy, control of the B&O was acquired by the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1901, though the two kept separate corporate identities. A rising young PRR Vice President,

941:

which was completed in 1857. During the "Great Railway Celebrations of 1857", a large group of notables boarded the B&O in Baltimore, then transferred to steamboats that took them from Wheeling to

2448:

Before either connection was made, however, another branch was built around the west side of Washington. During the 1880s the B&O had organised a group of bankrupt railroads in Virginia into the

734:, with the task of building a railroad from the port of Baltimore west to a suitable point on the Ohio River. The railroad, formally incorporated April 24, was intended to provide a faster route for 2776:(CSX) in 1986. On April 30, 1987, the B&O's corporate existence ended when it was absorbed into the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway, which merged into CSX Transportation on August 31 of that year. 2293:

section of the Met Branch was double-tracked during 1886–1893. Rebuilding in the early 20th century and complete double-tracking of the branch by 1928 increased capacity; the "branches" became the

1413:

attempted to prevent Pennsylvania volunteers from proceeding from the North Central Railway's Bolton station to the B&O's Mount Clare station, and Maryland's governor Hicks and Baltimore Mayor

1700:

The right arm of the Federal Government in the aid he rendered the authorities in preventing the Confederates from seizing Washington and securing its retention as the Capital of the Loyal States.

1680:, B&O agents began reporting Confederate troop movements eleven days prior to the battle, and Garrett had their intelligence passed to authorities in the War Department and to Major General 1831: 1493:

raids continued. Even then train movements were sporadic and subject to frequent stoppages, derailments, capture and attack. Prominent raids on the B&O railroad during this period were:

2779:

In railroading's golden age, the B&O was one of several trunk lines uniting the northeast quadrant of the United States into a wide industrial zone. It was the southern border as the

2062:

from 1882. This was initially renamed the Cincinnati, Washington and Baltimore Railroad and then again to the Baltimore and Ohio Southwestern Railroad in 1889. The B&OSW absorbed the

1778: 146: 4059: 3980: 4373: 870:

later in 1852, and port facilities were built there. The B&O reached Wheeling, West Virginia (then part of Virginia) on January 1, 1853. That would remain the terminus through the

4134: 1733: 1113:, the company was uncertain if the engines' metal wheels would grip the metal rails sufficiently to pull a train up to the top of the ridge. The railroad decided to construct two 2262:

that was also met with an assault by the state militia; Pittsburgh then erupted into widespread rioting. The strike ended after federal troops and state militias restored order.

4176: 2527:

After a flood damaged the C&O Canal in 1877, the B&O acquired a majority interest in the canal mainly to keep its property and right of way from potential use by the

2394:, and ending at a ferry operation at Shepherd's Landing. The ferry operation continued until 1901 when the trackage rights agreement concluded as part of the construction of 4177:"Pennsylvania Railroad Company District Office Building · Built to Last: Enduring Landmark's of Baltimore Central Business District · Baltimore Heritage Digital Collections" 474:, and it operated prestigious passenger trains. It gained additional fame by lending its name as one of the four railroads in the original version of the popular board game 2501: 4620: 4606: 4594: 2449: 874:(apart from conflict-related outages principally between Cumberland and Martinsburg during the war) until a railroad bridge could be constructed across the Ohio River. 4837: 3711: 1437: 1480:, who had been serving as Cameron's legal advisor. Furthermore, on January 31, 1862, Congress passed the Railways and Telegraph Act of January 31, 1862, creating the 1436:

The B&O had to repair damaged line at its own expense, and often received late or no payment for services rendered to the federal government. In May, CSA Colonel

997:

Pennsylvania Railroad acquired a railroad on the Delmarva Peninsula, which had the power to build short branch lines, so it was able to connect to Washington through

1784: 1374:, the B&O possessed 236 locomotives, 128 passenger coaches, 3,451 rail cars and 513 miles (826 km) of rail road, all in states south of the 6288: 4795: 1791: 5813: 3227: 2146: 6460: 6128: 6338:

meet the revenue specifications for Class I status, but are not technically Class I railroads due to being passenger-only railroads with no freight component.

3659: 6490: 4767: 969: 702:

to and from Baltimore and its growing hinterland to the west, thus making the city the commercial and financial capital of the region south of Philadelphia.

2744:, although they continued to operate as separate railroads. In 1980 the Chessie System and Seaboard Coast Line Industries, a holding company that owned the 888: 5798: 2031:

Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad from 1871. This was the B&O entry into Pittsburgh, thwarting the denial of a Pennsylvania charter to the B&O.

1163: 877:

The narrow strip of available land along the Potomac River from Point of Rocks to Harpers Ferry caused years of legal battles between the B&O and the

6470: 5622: 4760: 1726: 616:, with the east coast rail and boat network, from Maryland northward. There was no rail link between Maryland and Virginia until the B&O opened the 4628: 3762: 3293: 1054:, was the B&O's first bridge, and is the oldest railway bridge in the Americas still carrying trains (and the third oldest in the world, after the 777:(the last living signer of the Declaration of Independence) performed the groundbreaking by laying the cornerstone. The initial tracks were built with 6475: 5422: 5187: 3558: 3774:

Daniel Carroll Toomey, The War Came by Train: the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad during the Civil War (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Museum 2013) p. 6

957:(which was named after a major B&O investor) on the Ohio River more than a decade after the American Civil War and the creation of the state of 6323: 5227: 5192: 1767: 6365: 6123: 4909: 4844: 4809: 4626:

Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road Station From Walnut Street Wharf Schuylkill River, June 29, 1889 by D.J. Kennedy, Historical Society of Pennsylvania

2305: 1418: 3383: 6480: 2325:, could have a "branch" constructed that would allow service into Washington. The Pennsylvania picked up the charter through the agency of the 815: 1650:

Advertisement for the Baltimore and Ohio in an 1864 Baltimore city directory, promoting its repairs and reopening at one point during the war.

6318: 6313: 6283: 6208: 5833: 5552: 4659: 4357: 3548:

Albro Martin, Railroads Triumphant: the Growth, Rejection & Rebirth of a Vital American Force (Oxford University Press 1992), pp. 17, 138

3203: 3080: 2477: 2164: 1429:

telling the B&O to pass no federal troops destined for any place in Virginia over the railroad, and threatening to confiscate the lines.

4416:

Wilkes, Kristen (Fall 2019). "All Aboard: The Influence of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad on Sectionalism and Statehood in West Virginia".

6450: 6273: 6058: 5823: 5457: 5437: 2573: 2137: 516: 57: 4131: 2620: 2224:, the B&O attempted to reduce its workers' wages. After a second reduction in wages was announced in the same year, workers began the 563: 104: 6465: 6430: 6098: 6093: 1070:, was the longest bridge in the United States upon its completion in 1835. It also remains in use. The B&O made extensive use of the 2592: 535: 76: 6375: 5963: 5943: 5898: 5848: 5753: 5612: 5322: 3956: 6263: 6203: 6003: 5768: 5692: 5567: 5472: 5462: 5252: 4184: 2784: 2174: 53: 1029: 6495: 6455: 6360: 6168: 6028: 5838: 5723: 5467: 5267: 5110: 4934: 4265: 4215: 2599: 2184: 827: 617: 542: 83: 4576: 4510: 3057:, in 1949. The original 1835 Viaduct, which carried Washington D.C.'s first rail connection to Baltimore, is still in use in 2023. 1393:, a major stockholder in the rival North Central Railroad, which received long haul freight destined for Baltimore from the rival 1285:

became president of the B&O, a position he would hold until his death in 1884. In the first year of his presidency, corporate

6440: 6218: 6038: 5778: 5632: 5242: 5157: 4303: 3100: 2701: 2254:

resulting in 11 deaths, the burning of parts of Camden station, and damage to several engines and cars. The next day workers in

1421:(PW&B) bridges destroyed to prevent further federal troop movements through (and riots in) the city. Soon B&O president 6243: 6188: 6118: 6013: 6008: 5933: 5868: 5828: 5728: 5487: 5432: 5277: 5262: 5257: 4603: 4591: 4455: 4093: 2736:

had taken over all of the remaining non-commuter routes of the B&O. The B&O already had a controlling interest in the

1484:

and allowing it to seize and operate any railroad or telegraph company's equipment, although Stanton and USMRR Superintendent

6485: 6425: 6385: 6293: 6088: 5883: 5878: 5788: 5637: 5592: 5512: 5477: 5162: 5115: 5095: 4367: 4328: 4160: 3840: 3779: 3705: 3512: 2606: 2364: 1747: 1469:, and vigorous army and company work crews which reduced the main-line gap to 25 miles between Harpers Ferry and Back Creek. 1307: 1298: 549: 168: 90: 3518: 2437:

to construct a bridge along the original plan of the B&O: Alexandria to Shepherd's Landing, Washington. Trains of empty

2239:

sent in state militia units to restore train service but the soldiers refused to fire on the strikers. The strike spread to

1362:

The government of Maryland published in a book the many telegrams sent by B&O employees and management during the raid.

6380: 6355: 6278: 6173: 6048: 5913: 5542: 5397: 5337: 5312: 5282: 5272: 5105: 3040: 2232:. Striking workers would not allow any of the trains, mainly freight trains, to roll until the third wage cut was revoked. 1975: 949:, which brought them to St. Louis, Missouri, three days after they had started their journey. The B&O would only reach 2504:, and the U.S. government. The line cut directly across various creeks, and includes what was said to be the longest wood 916:

valley. However, many Virginia politicians wanted the minerals, timber and produce of those areas to instead ship through

6445: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6395: 6390: 6198: 6043: 5983: 5958: 5938: 5748: 5607: 5537: 5517: 4902: 4030: 2360: 1659:

There is no interest suffering here except the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and I will not divide my forces to protect it.

1646: 1331: 1289:

were reduced from 65 percent of revenues to 46 percent, and the railroad began distributing profits to its shareholders.

2689:

for concrete). With the adoption of anti-trust legislation in 1906, the relation between the two companies was severed.

2588: 1797: 531: 72: 6400: 6193: 6018: 5968: 5858: 5743: 5672: 5085: 4475: 4406: 4238: 4103: 3765:, Civil War Railroads: A Pictorial Story of the War Between the States, 1861–1865, (Indiana University Press 1961) p. 8 3438: 3414: 2532: 1462: 1379: 1269:

and all construction to be funded from corporate revenues, while the directors elected by shareholders desired greater

1253:

Share of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail-Road Company, issued 26. July 1856; signed by Johns Hopkins as president pro. tem.

1220: 4056: 604:, a technical challenge, it would link the new and booming territories of what at the time was the West, particularly 6268: 6223: 5988: 5973: 5953: 5928: 5873: 5522: 5452: 5387: 5362: 5287: 5152: 4652: 3663: 2639: 2489: 2251: 1304: 683:, linking Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, did not open its full length until 1852, and there was no rail link west from 582: 402: 379: 123: 5652: 5051: 2520:. The line was almost completely abandoned in 1986 by CSX and is presently used in part as the right-of-way for the 1150:

sent his famous words, "What hath God wrought", from the B&O's Mount Clare station to the Capitol by telegraph.

6228: 6178: 6078: 5888: 5773: 5562: 3667: 2692:

The railroad's passenger numbers were at a disadvantage with the railroad's major competitor in the northeast, the

2180: 2152: 2059: 2022: 989: 881:, as both sought to exclude the other from its use. A compromise eventually allowed the two companies to share the 3155:

In 1952 the U.S. Post Office issued a postage stamp commemorating the 125th anniversary of the B & O Railroad.

6435: 6258: 6238: 6213: 5808: 5763: 5758: 5392: 5372: 5202: 5127: 5100: 3693: 2167:

from 1927. This was originally part of the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton, and gave the B&O a connection to

2101: 2018: 1771: 1481: 1405:

On April 18, 1861, the day after Virginia seceded from the Union, Virginia militia seized the federal arsenal at

835: 739: 711: 17: 1339:, carried three Maryland militia companies under Col. Edward Shriver. These trains stopped before the bridge at 466:

The B&O is noted for its pioneering innovations in railroading. It was the first U.S. railroad to operate a

6163: 6158: 6023: 5948: 5903: 5662: 5642: 5597: 5417: 5407: 5382: 5367: 5327: 5317: 5182: 4895: 4830: 4718: 4703: 2796: 2713: 2577: 2497: 2326: 2203: 1922: 1865: 1097:, it had limited information about the capabilities of steam locomotives; at the time, the line had three, the 1013: 938: 520: 61: 4446: 2387: 6183: 6108: 5978: 5738: 5527: 5497: 5332: 5307: 5217: 5177: 5172: 5132: 4858: 2660: 2469: 2225: 2215: 2063: 1186: 1071: 1051: 985: 946: 882: 774: 763: 4625: 4567: 3285: 2074: 984:

did not last long, being washed out by the periodic flooding of the Patapsco River and replaced at first by

663:, on the Ohio River, when completed in 1837. It was the second paved road in the country. However, the 1831 6248: 5923: 5918: 5908: 5818: 5803: 5587: 5572: 5507: 5342: 5237: 5142: 5090: 5046: 5014: 4969: 4964: 4851: 4802: 4645: 3974: 2493: 2434: 2040: 1980: 1414: 1406: 831: 356: 289: 451:

At the end of 1970, the B&O operated 5,552 miles of road and 10,449 miles of track, not including the

6370: 5853: 5617: 5492: 5427: 5247: 5197: 4865: 3812: 3088: 2729: 2613: 2430: 2337: 2333: 1430: 664: 556: 452: 97: 2542:

over 3.75 mi (6.04 km) of line near Camden, initially using an overhead electric slot system.

2386:

Two other lines were built in attempts to reconnect to the south. The Alexandria Branch (now called the

2183:

from 1932. Part of the line was severed from the rest of the system by flooding, and became part of the

1227:

in 1815. The B&O was, however, the first company to operate a locomotive built in America, with the

1074:

design in the mid-19th century. Its durability and ease of assembly aided faster railroad construction.

795:, was made in America as a demonstrator and could pull passenger and freight cars at 18 miles per hour. 6233: 6143: 6113: 5893: 5682: 5577: 5357: 5302: 5167: 4494: 3207: 2509: 2407: 2375:

to design it. This belt line connected the main line to the Philadelphia Branch without the need for a

2229: 2195: 2113: 2079: 1939: 1870: 1442: 1383: 1238: 1135: 934: 867: 843: 441: 434: 172: 3614: 6033: 5863: 5667: 5647: 5502: 5447: 5352: 5347: 5137: 5009: 4954: 4822: 4689: 4550: 3375: 2783:

was the northern border. The Pennsylvania Railroad controlled the center, and smaller roads like the

2780: 2749: 2677: 2528: 2473: 2465: 2399: 2233: 1875: 1315: 1024: 981: 954: 950: 878: 410: 885:. The B&O also prevailed in a lawsuit against it by the Washington and Baltimore Turnpike Road. 6073: 6053: 5843: 5702: 5697: 5582: 5482: 5038: 5019: 5001: 4986: 4738: 3126: 3045: 2769: 2765: 2737: 2700:. The B&O had no tunnel rights, and its New York City market trains actually terminated at the 2395: 2286: 2279: 1531: 1498: 1409:, which was also an important work station on the B&O's main westward line. The following day, 1182: 819: 735: 719: 342: 4637: 2021:

and Winchester and Strasburg Railroad from 1867. This pair of lines connected with the B&O at

1892:

The Confederate leaders who led these operations and specifically targeted the railroad included:

900:, as well as the parts of western Virginia draining into the Ohio River valley and ultimately the 6103: 6083: 6068: 5627: 5292: 5232: 4958: 4732: 4683: 2705: 2566: 1473: 1466: 1166: 1129:

In 1843, Congress appropriated $ 30,000 for construction of an experimental 38-mile (61 km)

964:

Meanwhile, the State of Maryland granted the B&O a charter to build a line from Baltimore to

945:, where they boarded a railroad to Cincinnati, where after another celebration, they boarded the 905: 859: 855: 786: 656: 509: 430: 46: 4535: 3482:

Baltimore and Ohio v. Washington and Baltimore Turnpike Road, 100 Gill and Johnson MD 392 (1839)

6148: 5993: 5733: 5402: 5121: 4991: 4540: 4502: 3455:

Lynch, John A. "Justice Douglas, the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal, and Maryland Legal History".

3068: 2788: 2665: 2521: 2403: 2398:

saw the south end of the branch realigned to link to the PRR trackage in Anacostia, across the

2363:

in Delaware and Pennsylvania and built a parallel route, finished in 1886. The 10th president,

2290: 1855: 1850: 1693: 1410: 1262: 1261:, twelve were elected by shareholders, while eighteen were appointed either by Maryland or the 1228: 1206: 930: 847: 791: 767: 714:

was chartered a year earlier, in 1826, the B & O Railroad was the first to open in the US.

467: 3963:

U.S. National Park Service, Monocacy National Battlefield, Frederick, MD. Accessed 2005-11-14.

3504:

The Great Road: The Building of the Baltimore and Ohio, the Nation's First Railroad, 1828–1853

6153: 5793: 5657: 5602: 5532: 5377: 4711: 4079:

The Met: A History of the Metropolitan Branch of the B&O Railroad, Its Stations and Towns

3178:

under the honorary B&O scheme similar to that of the F40PH-2 1, F40PH-2 2 and F40PH-2 3.

3131: 3121: 2693: 2485: 2391: 2317: 2301: 2168: 2158: 2112:

from 1883 to 1911. It formed the main B&O line west from Pittsburgh. The line passed the

2044: 2004: 1860: 1719: 1394: 1202: 1143: 730:, passed February 28, 1827, and the Commonwealth of Virginia on March 8, 1827, chartered the 680: 672: 601: 426: 398: 4399:

Steam City: Railroads, Urban Space, and Corporate Capitalism in Nineteenth-Century Baltimore

3953: 3407:

Steam City: Railroads, Urban Space, and Corporate Capitalism in Nineteenth-Century Baltimore

1265:. Many had conflicting interests: the directors appointed by the state and city desired low 1257:

Partial government ownership caused some operational problems. Of the thirty members on its

6133: 5998: 5212: 4781: 4515: 3222: 3175: 2753: 2453: 2415: 2380: 2244: 2240: 2105: 2007:, which the B&O had leased starting in 1866. This provided a direct rail connection to 1964: 1933: 1904: 1880: 1740: 1375: 1340: 1219:

Contrary to legend, the B&O was not the first chartered railroad in the United States;

1118: 1106: 1094: 851: 839: 823: 803: 691: 648: 418: 414: 8: 5412: 4746: 3217: 3212: 3167: 2745: 2686: 2539: 2517: 2422: 2368: 2356: 2067: 1827: 1336: 1270: 1224: 993: 811: 4255: 4981: 4815: 4773: 4697: 4465: 4433: 4051: 3818: 3327: 3076: 2773: 2481: 2457: 2348: 2117: 1950: 1845: 1754: 1712: 1677: 1371: 1347:, which train also picked up the Marines on the federal troop train at the junction in 1258: 1198: 1190: 1147: 1082: 1047: 1006: 917: 871: 471: 460: 445: 387: 293: 4311: 2740:. In 1973 the three railroads were brought together under one corporate identity, the 2441:

were routed north and south over the structure, which was demolished after the end of

2011:, and the lease marked the beginning of a series of expansions to the west and north. 892:

Twelve and a half cent note issued by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company in 1841.

806:), where the railroad would cross a height of land and descend into the valley of the 5677: 4974: 4887: 4615: 4471: 4437: 4402: 4363: 4324: 4260: 4234: 4156: 4099: 3836: 3775: 3701: 3508: 3434: 3410: 3232: 3084: 3072: 2513: 2461: 2047:, it was converted to standard gauge and renamed the Baltimore & Ohio Short Line. 1929: 1897: 1519: 1512: 1505: 1422: 925: 921: 901: 897: 722:

were the pioneers of the railroad. In 1826, they investigated railway enterprises in

636: 4321:

Impossible Challenge II: Baltimore to Washington and Harpers Ferry from 1828 to 1994

2696:. That railroad had a tunnel into Manhattan, thus carrying passengers directly into 2340:

across the Potomac River into Virginia, the B&O's connection to southern lines.

1995:

Table of Cumberland Coal shipped over B&O Railroad and C&O Canal, 1842–1865

854:, on November 5, 1842, for some years the end of the line. The final section linked 6138: 6063: 5557: 4918: 4788: 4752: 4573: 4425: 4211: 3566: 3237: 3083:

rail junction in Baltimore now dominates the view over the right-field wall at the

2757: 2247: 2236: 1760: 1689: 1477: 1454: 1323: 1311: 1178: 1142:

for U.S. president was telegraphed from the party's convention in Baltimore to the

1059: 965: 782: 747: 715: 668: 259: 244: 4067:, vol. 3 pp. 733–742, Heritage Press: Hatboro, Pa., 1967 (reissue of 1879 edition) 3151: 2304:(PRR) outmaneuvered the B&O to acquire the B&O's northern connection, the 5687: 5547: 4632: 4610: 4598: 4580: 4138: 4063: 3960: 3814:

Correspondence relating to the Insurrection at Harper's Ferry, 17th October, 1859

3502: 3243: 3195: 3136: 3071:

as a separate entity from the corporation, it donated some of the former B&O

3054: 2761: 2709: 2682: 2673: 2322: 2259: 2127: 1918: 1688:

for further information. Though Union forces lost this battle, the delay allowed

1685: 1665: 1485: 1458: 1450: 1348: 1282: 1234: 1194: 1090: 1067: 998: 973: 640: 475: 456: 3113:, mostly the latter. The railroad had locomotives from the following companies: 2720: 2425:.) The Alexandria Branch trackage to Shepherd's Landing was heavily used during 2220:

As a result of poor national economic conditions in the mid-1870s following the

2053:

Columbus and Cincinnati Midland Railroad leased through the Central Ohio in 1890

2025:, and constituted the only significant B&O trackage in present-day Virginia. 1303:

The B&O played a major role, and got national attention, in the response to

459:

and its subsidiaries. After a series of mergers, the B&O became part of the

5783: 5718: 5442: 5222: 4022: 3473:

Baltimore and Ohio v. Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 4 Gill and Johnson MD 1 (1832)

3382:. Chronicles of America Series, Vol. 38. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 3050: 2741: 2505: 2336:.) At the same time, the PRR outmaneuvered the B&O and took control of the 2199: 2123: 2109: 2028:

Sandusky, Mansfield and Newark Railroad leased through the Central Ohio in 1869

2008: 2000: 1344: 1319: 1286: 1130: 1114: 1063: 977: 942: 807: 799: 383: 375: 368: 285: 188: 4583:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution.

2250:

attempted to put down the strike by sending the state militia from Baltimore,

6349: 5297: 3833:

The War Came by Train: the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad during the Civil War

2792: 2697: 2313: 2221: 1946: 1390: 1356: 1352: 1327: 1278: 1249: 1110: 1055: 958: 913: 909: 758: 660: 652: 644: 628: 348: 264: 229: 4286: 2070:, and finally the B&OSW disappeared into the rest of the system in 1900. 145: 6253: 4949: 4725: 4522: 3171: 2442: 2426: 2411: 2309: 1957: 1911: 1426: 785:. The first section, from Baltimore west to Ellicott's Mills (now known as 382:. It operated as B&O from 1830 until 1987, when it was merged into the 249: 4429: 437:, below rapids that made navigation difficult during parts of the year. 337: 3163:

into an honorary B&O scheme: CSX F40PH-2 1, F40PH-2 2 and F40PH-2 3.

2438: 2376: 1681: 1490: 305: 3431:

Passage to Union: How the Railroads Transformed American Life, 1829–1929

3331: 2652: 1991: 1197:

is seated at right. The original painting is now at the headquarters of

4545: 3588: 3539:

Baltimore and Ohio V. Mayor and City of Baltimore, 6 Gill Md 288 (1847)

3170:

unit #1827 entered service, being repaired and painted at CSX shops in

3106: 2580: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2372: 2255: 1139: 863: 826:, on the north shore of the Potomac, was the end of the line until the 743: 684: 624: 596: 523: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 422: 406: 239: 4560: 2003:, and Wheeling, West Virginia, in 1871, connecting the B&O to the 1696:

two days later. After the battle, Lincoln paid tribute to Garrett as:

1389:

However, its initial problem became Lincoln's first Secretary of War,

1310:, Virginia (since 1863, West Virginia), in October 1859. Black porter 3160: 2808: 2202:. It was always operated separately and was eventually bought by the 1077: 1033:

Scenes of the B&O Railroad. Decorative title page for Ele Bowen,

632: 394: 176: 2555: 498: 35: 5058: 5027: 4667: 3110: 2297:

mainline, though the Old Main Line was retained as a relief route.

1274: 613: 352: 254: 234: 224: 209: 204: 180: 1692:

to successfully repel the Confederate attack on Washington at the

1146:

in Washington. On May 24, 1844, the line was officially opened as

5207: 2804: 1999:

A steel and stone bridge was built across the Ohio River between

972:

was opened in 1835. This line joined to the original mainline at

953:(at the confluence of the Kanawha and Elk Rivers) and ultimately 834:(until 1863, Virginia). The connection at Harpers Ferry with the 778: 723: 609: 214: 3737:. Vol. 2. Lewis Historical Publishing Co. pp. 458–461. 3660:"December 24, 1852: B&O Railroad completed near Moundsville" 2343: 2140:. This switching line was always operated as a separate company. 413:. Building west from the port of Baltimore, the B&O reached 4943: 4130:

National Railway Historical Society, Washington, D.C. Chapter.

4057:

History of Maryland From the Earliest Period to the Present Day

3380:

The Railroad Builders, A Chronicle of the Welding of the States

2800: 2733: 2732:

took financial control of the B&O in 1963. On May 1, 1971,

444:

sympathizers, proved crucial to the North's success during the

2136:

Chicago Terminal Transfer Company, reorganized in 1910 as the

3559:"Four North East Heritage Sites Telling the Story of England" 3079:, to the museum, while selling the rest of the property. The 2708:. From Philadelphia to Jersey City the B&O traveled over 2329:

and in 1872 service between Baltimore and Washington began. (

2270: 2086: 1971:

Bases of operation involved in raiding the B&O Railroad:

4511:"Artists' Excursion over the Baltimore & Ohio Rail Road" 4081:. Germantown, MD: Germantown Historical Society. p. 10. 3694:"Evergreen House and the Garrett Family: A Railroad Fortune" 3409:. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. pp. 20–21. 3338: 2681:

with stone (Pennsy preferred stone to the preference of the

2379:

across the Patapsco River, but the cost of constructing the

647:, provided a road link for animal-powered transport between 4460:

Has much on the railroad's history, not just Harpers Ferry.

3696:. In Fee, Elizabeth; Shopes, Linda; Zeidman, Linda (eds.). 2492:

came to serve a wide range of customers in Maryland and in

1378:, as Garrett had noted before the war began. Although many 1266: 605: 219: 2799:. The corners of this map are Baltimore in the southeast, 2772:

was completely absorbed into the B&O. SBD was renamed

2308:, in the early 1880s, cutting off the B&O's access to 2177:

in 1932. This gave the B&O a line into New York state.

4876: 4555: 4014: 3700:. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. pp. 11–27. 4586: 1438:

Jackson's operations against the B&O Railroad (1861)

3627: 3314:

An 1827 report shows the motivations of early boosters:

753: 154:

All rail lines operated by the B&O and subsidiaries

4917: 4231:

North American Railroads: The Illustrated Encyclopedia

3972: 2143:

Salisbury Railroad near Pittsburgh, operated from 1912

822:

on April 2, 1832; and Sandy Hook on December 1, 1834.

627:

provided an animal-powered water facility, connecting

401:. It would compete with several existing and proposed 3935: 2198:

was purchased by the B&O in 1931 and renamed the

1292: 397:

who wanted to do business with settlers crossing the

4340:

Gray Ghost: The Life of Colonel John Singleton Mosby

3616:

Rambles in the path of the steam-horse. An off-hand

3185: 4546:

B&O Railroad Photo Tours in and around Maryland

3639: 1193:is seated at center left (with telegraph tape) and 64:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4487:The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in the Civil War 4448:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Harpers Ferry Station 2724:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad system map, circa 1961 762:Cornerstone of the B&O, laid July 4, 1828, by 4616:List and Family Trees of North American Railroads 4604:Virginia (and West Virginia) Railroads as of 1850 4551:B&O Railroad page on the Baltimore Collective 3973:Daddow, Samuel Harries; Bannon, Benjamin (1866). 3954:"John W. Garrett, President, B & O Railroad." 2133:Cleveland, Lorain and Wheeling Railroad from 1909 810:and Potomac rivers. Further extensions opened to 393:The railroad was founded to serve merchants from 6347: 4132:"Timeline of Washington, D.C. Railroad History." 3835:(Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Museum 2013) p. 61 3746: 3744: 3247:, a preserved coach that was operated by B&O 2209: 937:on the Ohio River through a connection with the 728:Chapter 123 of the 1826 Session Laws of Maryland 643:, later the beginning of the federally-financed 4362:. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press. 4294: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3267: 3265: 2371:, which opened in 1895, and recruited engineer 2306:Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad 2050:West Virginia and Pittsburgh Railroad from 1890 1419:Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad 1244: 1171:The Founders of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 4499:The Story of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad 3698:The Baltimore Book: New Views of Local History 3081:Baltimore & Ohio Warehouse at Camden Yards 2014:Other railroads included in the B&O were: 6461:Former Class I railroads in the United States 4903: 4653: 3784: 3741: 3284:Rasmussen, Frederick N. (February 28, 2002). 3204:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Martinsburg Shops 2484:. The branch was started in 1892 and reached 2478:Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad 2165:Cincinnati, Indianapolis and Western Railroad 2126:from 1895. This was the B&O's entry into 1813: 1177:beginning with its founding in 1827 to 1880. 842:, opened in 1837, then the line northwest to 635:. It took ten days to travel downstream from 6491:Standard gauge railways in the United States 4346: 3589:"Bassaleg Viaduct, Rumney Railway, Bassaleg" 3507:. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press. 3350: 3262: 2795:in the center surviving largely through the 2664:Replacement of retaining wall of B&O in 2476:), and if possible to a connection with the 2138:Baltimore and Ohio Chicago Terminal Railroad 2066:in 1893, giving the B&O a connection to 4150: 4002:Mundy, Floyd W., ed. (1922). "17th issue". 3687: 3685: 2278:In 1866 the B&O began constructing the 1833:and operations against the B&O Railroad 1089:As the B&O built the main line west to 802:to a point near Parr's Ridge (now known as 6471:Railroads in the Chicago metropolitan area 4910: 4896: 4660: 4646: 4536:Articles about B&O arrival in Wheeling 4493: 4359:History of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 4095:History of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 1820: 1806: 1425:received letters from Virginia's Governor 1233:in 1829. It built the first passenger and 4076: 3283: 3105:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad had numerous 2640:Learn how and when to remove this message 2383:drove the B&O to bankruptcy in 1896. 2175:Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh Railway 1173:(1891), represents the B&O's history 828:B & O Railroad Potomac River Crossing 773:Construction began on July 4, 1828, when 583:Learn how and when to remove this message 124:Learn how and when to remove this message 6476:Railway companies disestablished in 1987 4561:The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Timeline 4347:Sagle, Lawrence; Staufer, Alvin (1964). 4216:United States Department of the Interior 3805: 3682: 3326:(56). Boston: Frederick T. Gray: 62–73. 3150: 2719: 2712:tracks to Bound Brook and there joining 2659: 2651: 2342: 2269: 2265: 2185:Wellsville, Addison and Galeton Railroad 2147:Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad 2085: 2073: 1990: 1645: 1530:B&O Locomotives Captured During the 1248: 1076: 1058:, Darlington, UK, of 1824–1825, and the 1028: 1009:valley to the soft coal fields in 1871. 887: 757: 336: 52:Relevant discussion may be found on the 4587:The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Network 4467:The History of The Baltimore & Ohio 4318: 4228: 4112:from the original on September 17, 2020 4010:. James H. Oliphant & Company: 224. 3983:from the original on September 17, 2020 3714:from the original on September 17, 2020 3450: 3448: 3446: 3101:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad locomotives 2702:Central Railroad of New Jersey Terminal 2355:In response, the B&O chartered the 2191:(This list omits certain short lines.) 2034:Somerset and Cambria Railroad from 1879 1124: 896:The B&O wanted links to Virginia's 862:on June 22, 1852. It first reached the 742:than to the hugely successful but slow 14: 6366:American companies established in 1827 6348: 4463: 4456:Harpers Ferry National Historical Park 4415: 4355: 4337: 4287:Baltimore & Ohio Locomotive Roster 4124: 4091: 3941: 3790: 3750: 3657: 3645: 3633: 3404: 3361: 3344: 3316: 3296:from the original on February 27, 2019 3271: 3075:in Baltimore, including the Mt. Clare 2768:(SBD) in 1983, the same year that the 2124:Cleveland, Terminal and Valley Railway 2098:Pittsburgh Junction Railroad from 1902 1035:Rambles in the Path of the Steam-Horse 698:operate in that area of Pennsylvania. 169:B&O Railroad Headquarters Building 6481:Railway companies established in 1827 4891: 4641: 4574:John W. Garrett Collection, 1850–1880 4268:from the original on December 4, 2008 4253: 4001: 3735:Baltimore: Its History and Its People 3612: 3500: 3494: 3373: 2815:Revenue Freight Ton-Miles (Millions) 2367:, spearheaded the development of the 1986: 1801: 1365: 976:, crossing the Patapsco River on the 4556:Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Museum 4208:Establishing Trails on Rights-of-Way 4029:. West Virginia Humanities Council. 3732: 3726: 3443: 3094: 2578:adding citations to reliable sources 2549: 2056:Monongahela River Railroad from 1900 1508:, January 1 through January 24, 1862 1382:, Garrett and Hopkins supported the 1018: 754:Early construction and legal battles 732:Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road Company 521:adding citations to reliable sources 492: 386:; its lines are today controlled by 380:oldest railroad in the United States 62:adding citations to reliable sources 29: 6451:Defunct Washington, D.C., railroads 4570:shows motivations of early boosters 4541:B&O Railroad Historical Society 4444: 4256:"Perryville and Havre de Grace, Md" 3979:. Pottsville, PA: Benjamin Bannan. 3691: 3521:from the original on April 30, 2016 3286:"Riding the B&O; for 175 years" 2923:Revenue Passenger-Miles (Millions) 2545: 2390:) was built in 1874, starting from 2361:Baltimore and Philadelphia Railroad 1779:B&O Raid on Duffield Station II 1518:Various raids of Brigadier General 1380:Marylanders had Southern sympathies 1189:, and others are gathered at left. 879:Chesapeake and Ohio (C&O) Canal 24: 6466:Predecessors of CSX Transportation 6431:Defunct New York (state) railroads 4454:. HAER WV–86. Archeology Program, 4390: 4205: 4153:The History of Railways in Britain 4033:from the original on June 29, 2017 4004:Mundy's Earning Power of Railroads 2533:Reconstruction Finance Corporation 2468:, to distinguish it from what was 1463:Battle of Philippi (West Virginia) 1308:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry 1299:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry 1293:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry 25: 6507: 6376:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad lines 4529: 3664:West Virginia Public Broadcasting 3658:Powell, Bob (December 24, 2014). 3457:University of Baltimore Law Forum 3454: 3386:from the original on June 4, 2011 3146: 2764:. SCL Industries was renamed the 2347:B&O headquarters building on 2104:from 1902. This was originally a 798:Developers decided to follow the 4875: 4621:B&O Whistles, Whistle museum 4376:from the original on May 9, 2021 4319:Harwood, Herbert H. Jr. (1994). 4181:collection.baltimoreheritage.org 4020: 3376:"Crossing the Appalachian Range" 3188: 3032: 2554: 2181:Buffalo and Susquehanna Railroad 2153:Morgantown and Kingwood Railroad 2060:Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad 1907:and many units under his command 1900:and many units under his command 1734:B&O Raid on Duffield Station 1411:Confederate rioters in Baltimore 1155: 990:Annapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad 912:crossed the Ohio River) and the 692:port city of Baltimore, Maryland 687:to Ohio for several more years. 497: 440:The railroad, whose owners were 144: 34: 27:Rail system in the United States 6496:Transportation in Gary, Indiana 6456:Defunct West Virginia railroads 6361:1827 establishments in Maryland 4401:. University of Chicago Press. 4342:. University Press of Kentucky. 4323:. Baltimore: Barnard, Roberts. 4304:"CSX Transportation Timetables" 4280: 4247: 4222: 4199: 4169: 4144: 4085: 4070: 4045: 3995: 3966: 3947: 3926: 3917: 3908: 3899: 3890: 3881: 3872: 3863: 3854: 3845: 3825: 3796: 3768: 3756: 3651: 3606: 3581: 3551: 3542: 3533: 3485: 3476: 3467: 2656:B&O stock certificate, 1903 2565:needs additional citations for 2538:In 1895 the B&O introduced 2429:when traffic congestion on the 2102:Pittsburgh and Western Railroad 2019:Winchester and Potomac Railroad 1715:, April 24 through May 22, 1863 1482:United States Military Railroad 1330:, and Maryland Militia General 1105:When planning the extension to 920:and reach the Atlantic through 836:Winchester and Potomac Railroad 712:Albany and Schenectady Railroad 595:The railroad did not reach the 508:needs additional citations for 45:needs additional citations for 6441:Defunct Pennsylvania railroads 3423: 3398: 3367: 3308: 3277: 2797:Interstate Commerce Commission 2714:Central Railroad of New Jersey 2498:Potomac Electric Power Company 2327:Baltimore and Potomac Railroad 2204:Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad 1923:62nd Virginia Mounted Infantry 1417:ordered 3 North Central and 2 1214: 1014:Baltimore Terminal Subdivision 939:Northwestern Virginia Railroad 341:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's 13: 1: 4592:Maryland Railroads as of 1850 4233:. Voyager Press. p. 73. 3623:. Philadelphia: Wm. Bromwell. 3251: 3159:In 2021, CSX repainted three 2589:"Baltimore and Ohio Railroad" 2226:Great Railroad Strike of 1877 2216:Great Railroad Strike of 1877 2210:Great Railroad Strike of 1877 2095:Ohio River Railroad from 1901 2064:Ohio and Mississippi Railroad 2023:Harper's Ferry, West Virginia 1914:and his "Black Horse" cavalry 1896:Lieutenant General Thomas J. 1187:Charles Carroll of Carrollton 1062:, Newport, UK, of 1826). The 1052:Charles Carroll of Carrollton 947:Ohio and Mississippi Railroad 775:Charles Carroll of Carrollton 764:Charles Carroll of Carrollton 532:"Baltimore and Ohio Railroad" 290:Chesapeake & Ohio Railway 73:"Baltimore and Ohio Railroad" 6486:Railway lines opened in 1830 6426:Defunct New Jersey railroads 6386:Companies based in Baltimore 4489:. Stan Clark Military Books. 4484: 4295:Cited and general references 4254:Volin, Rudy (July 6, 2006). 4077:Soderberg, Susan C. (1998). 3463:(Spring 2005): 104, 112–125. 3256: 2435:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 2206:after receivership in 1942. 2043:acquired 1883. Originally a 2041:Pittsburgh Southern Railroad 1981:Harpers Ferry, West Virginia 1641: 1400: 1245:Conflicts in the early years 832:Harpers Ferry, West Virginia 357:Harpers Ferry, West Virginia 7: 6381:Chesapeake and Ohio Railway 6356:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 4866:West Virginia Night Express 4671:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 4519:. June 1859. pp. 1–19. 4396: 4151:Ferneyhough, Frank (1975). 4141:Accessed February 27, 2011. 4098:. Purdue University Press. 3869:Toomey pp. 41, 61–62, 83–84 3618:olla podrida [stew] 3181: 3089:Oriole Park at Camden Yards 3016: 3005: 2994: 2971: 2948: 2908: 2897: 2886: 2863: 2840: 2730:Chesapeake and Ohio Railway 1963:Captain John H. McNeill's " 1223:obtained a charter for the 705: 453:Staten Island Rapid Transit 365:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 139:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 10: 6512: 6446:Defunct Virginia railroads 6421:Defunct Missouri railroads 6416:Defunct Michigan railroads 6411:Defunct Maryland railroads 6406:Defunct Kentucky railroads 6396:Defunct Illinois railroads 6391:Defunct Delaware railroads 4831:Washington–Chicago Express 4719:Washington–Chicago Express 4027:West Virginia Encyclopedia 3959:February 24, 2008, at the 3208:National Historic Landmark 3098: 2750:Louisville & Nashville 2502:Washington Milling Company 2408:Southwest Washington, D.C. 2230:Martinsburg, West Virginia 2213: 2196:Chicago and Alton Railroad 2120:, northwest of Pittsburgh. 2080:Martinsburg, West Virginia 2037:Buffalo Railroad from 1880 1940:William E. "Grumble" Jones 1589:Tyson 4-4-0 "Dutch Wagon" 1296: 1239:Moundsville, West Virginia 1022: 1011: 483: 405:and canals, including the 6401:Defunct Indiana railroads 6332: 6306: 5711: 5078: 5071: 5037: 5000: 4933: 4926: 4873: 4678: 4501:. Two volumes. New York: 4338:Ramage, James A. (1999). 3433:(Ivan R. Dee 1998) p. 27 3320:The North American Review 3067:When CSX established the 3062: 3017: 3006: 2995: 2972: 2949: 2909: 2898: 2887: 2864: 2841: 2529:Western Maryland Railroad 2474:City of Fairfax, Virginia 2450:Virginia Midland Railroad 2400:Anacostia Railroad Bridge 2274:B&O route map of 1891 1841: 1316:monument in Harpers Ferry 1072:Bollman iron truss bridge 1025:Old Main Line Subdivision 665:DeWitt Clinton locomotive 411:Chesapeake and Ohio Canal 304: 299: 281: 273: 197: 187: 164: 159: 152: 143: 4838:Washington Night Express 4485:Summers, Festus (1939). 4464:Jacobs, Timothy (1989). 4356:Stover, John F. (1987). 4092:Stover, John F. (1995). 3501:Dilts, James D. (1996). 3127:Baldwin Locomotive Works 2770:Western Maryland Railway 2766:Seaboard System Railroad 2738:Western Maryland Railway 2452:. The VM track ran from 2396:Washington Union Station 2334:Pope's Creek Subdivision 2287:Point of Rocks, Maryland 1942:and the "Laurel Brigade" 1532:Great Train Raid of 1861 1501:, May 22 – June 23, 1861 1499:Great Train Raid of 1861 1328:the Governor of Virginia 830:opened in 1836, linking 639:, to New York City. The 433:, in 1853; and in 1857, 4733:Cleveland Night Express 4445:Lee, Andrew S. (2003). 4229:Solomon, Brian (2012). 4023:"Coal and Coke Railway" 3831:Daniel Carroll Toomey, 3692:Fee, Elizabeth (1991). 3347:, pp. 17 & 75. 3069:B&O Railroad Museum 2082:, during strike in 1877 2078:Blockade of engines at 1792:B&O Derailment Raid 1457:and Treasury Secretary 1207:B&O Railroad Museum 1167:Francis Blackwell Mayer 838:, running southwest to 818:) on December 1, 1831; 768:B&O Railroad Museum 766:, now displayed at the 488: 472:historic infrastructure 463:(CSX) network in 1980. 6436:Defunct Ohio railroads 4796:New York Night Express 4631:June 24, 2017, at the 4579:June 11, 2007, at the 4397:Schley, David (2020). 4137:June 21, 2011, at the 4062:July 23, 2016, at the 3563:historicengland.org.uk 3405:Schley, David (2020). 3156: 2807:in the northwest, and 2725: 2669: 2657: 2522:Capital Crescent Trail 2512:; and a short tunnel, 2404:Virginia Avenue Tunnel 2352: 2275: 2234:West Virginia Governor 2091: 2083: 1996: 1925:(1st Partisan Rangers) 1708: 1694:Battle of Fort Stevens 1670: 1651: 1583:Lady Davis (CSA name) 1511:Operations during the 1351:. All awaited Lt.Col. 1263:Baltimore City Council 1254: 1205:. A replica is at the 1086: 1038: 893: 858:on July 21, 1851, and 770: 623:Starting in 1825, the 360: 4712:Chicago Night Express 4609:May 20, 2022, at the 4597:May 20, 2022, at the 4430:10.1353/wvh.2019.0023 4418:West Virginia History 3154: 3132:Lima Locomotive Works 3122:Electro-Motive Diesel 2723: 2694:Pennsylvania Railroad 2666:Hazelwood, Pittsburgh 2663: 2655: 2508:on the railroad over 2486:Chevy Chase, Maryland 2392:Hyattsville, Maryland 2346: 2302:Pennsylvania Railroad 2273: 2266:New lines in Maryland 2169:Springfield, Illinois 2159:Coal and Coke Railway 2089: 2077: 2045:narrow gauge railroad 2005:Central Ohio Railroad 1994: 1960:'s "Gilmor's Raiders" 1785:Gilmor's B&O Raid 1720:Catoctin Station Raid 1698: 1657: 1649: 1472:Finally at year end, 1395:Pennsylvania Railroad 1370:At the outset of the 1314:, to whom there is a 1252: 1203:Jacksonville, Florida 1080: 1032: 986:Bollman Truss bridges 891: 814:(including the short 761: 681:Pennsylvania Railroad 673:Schenectady, New York 602:Appalachian Mountains 435:Parkersburg, Virginia 427:Moundsville, Virginia 399:Appalachian Mountains 340: 4782:Metropolitan Special 4668:Named trains of the 3733:Hall, C. C. (1912). 3374:Moody, John (1919). 2574:improve this article 2540:electric locomotives 2423:RF&P Subdivision 2416:Alexandria, Virginia 2388:Alexandria Extension 2381:Howard Street Tunnel 2359:in Maryland and the 2349:North Charles Street 1976:Winchester, Virginia 1934:8th Virginia Cavalry 1905:Jubal Anderson Early 1345:Second Light Brigade 1341:Sandy Hook, Maryland 1125:First telegraph line 1107:Sandy Hook, Maryland 1095:Mount Airy, Maryland 1050:, named in honor of 852:Cumberland, Maryland 840:Winchester, Virginia 824:Sandy Hook, Maryland 781:stringers topped by 649:Cumberland, Maryland 618:Harpers Ferry bridge 517:improve this article 415:Sandy Hook, Maryland 58:improve this article 4768:Great Lakes Limited 4747:Daylight Speedliner 4503:G. P. Putnam's Sons 4351:. Alvin F. Staufer. 4155:. Reading: Osprey. 3976:Coal, Iron, and Oil 3613:Bowen, Ele (1855). 3228:Mount Royal Station 3218:Aeolus Railroad Car 3213:Baltimore Belt Line 2924: 2816: 2746:Seaboard Coast Line 2687:Lackawanna Railroad 2518:Washington Aqueduct 2470:Fairfax Court House 2369:Baltimore Belt Line 2357:Philadelphia Branch 2281:Metropolitan Branch 2106:narrow gauge system 2068:St. Louis, Missouri 1903:Lieutenant General 1898:"Stonewall" Jackson 1856:Heaton's Crossroads 1774:on October 14, 1864 1535: 1515:, September 8, 1862 1337:Frederick, Maryland 1332:George Hume Steuart 1225:New Jersey Railroad 968:, in 1831, and the 738:goods to reach the 140: 6371:1820s in Baltimore 4698:Blue Ridge Limited 4495:Hungerford, Edward 4470:. Crescent Books. 4187:on August 16, 2022 3932:Toomey pp. 108–109 3923:Toomey pp. 63, 181 3896:Toomey pp. 108–110 3819:Senate of Maryland 3491:Gordon pp. 106–107 3157: 2991:(incl in B&O) 2922: 2883:(incl in B&O) 2814: 2811:in the southwest. 2803:in the northeast, 2774:CSX Transportation 2726: 2670: 2658: 2458:Danville, Virginia 2353: 2276: 2118:Mars, Pennsylvania 2114:Mars Train Station 2092: 2084: 1997: 1987:Westward by merger 1938:Brigadier General 1928:Brigadier General 1917:Brigadier General 1910:Brigadier General 1755:Battle of Monocacy 1748:Second Calico Raid 1713:Jones-Imboden Raid 1678:Battle of Monocacy 1652: 1611:Hayes Camel 0-8-0 1528: 1449:Maryland Delegate 1366:American Civil War 1259:board of directors 1255: 1199:CSX Transportation 1191:Samuel F. B. Morse 1148:Samuel F. B. Morse 1087: 1083:Carrollton Viaduct 1048:Carrollton Viaduct 1039: 1007:Youghiogheny River 894: 872:American Civil War 850:in June 1842; and 771: 667:, running between 657:Wheeling, Virginia 461:CSX Transportation 446:American Civil War 431:Wheeling, Virginia 388:CSX Transportation 361: 294:CSX Transportation 274:Dates of operation 138: 6343: 6342: 6302: 6301: 5067: 5066: 4919:Class I railroads 4885: 4884: 4761:Fort Pitt Limited 4521:Illustrations by 4516:Harper's Magazine 4369:978-0-911198-81-2 4330:978-0-934118-22-4 4314:on July 18, 2004. 4162:978-0-85045-060-6 4052:Scharf, J. Thomas 3841:978-1-886248-01-4 3780:978-1-886248-01-4 3707:978-0-87722-823-3 3636:, pp. 59–60. 3514:978-0-8047-2629-0 3429:Sarah H. Gordon, 3290:The Baltimore Sun 3233:Mount Clare Shops 3095:Locomotive roster 3085:Baltimore Orioles 3073:Mount Clare Shops 3028: 3027: 2988:(incl in B&O) 2985:(incl in B&O) 2982:(incl in B&O) 2920: 2919: 2880:(incl in B&O) 2877:(incl in B&O) 2874:(incl in B&O) 2760:, agreed to form 2650: 2649: 2642: 2624: 2514:Dalecarlia Tunnel 2490:Georgetown Branch 2245:Maryland Governor 1965:McNeill's Rangers 1930:Albert G. Jenkins 1889: 1888: 1866:Rutherford's Farm 1727:First Calico Raid 1637: 1636: 1513:Maryland Campaign 1506:Romney Expedition 1423:John Work Garrett 1138:'s nomination of 1019:Early engineering 970:Washington Branch 926:James River Canal 902:Mississippi River 898:Shenandoah Valley 690:The fast-growing 659:, in present-day 637:Buffalo, New York 593: 592: 585: 567: 378:railroad and the 335: 334: 134: 133: 126: 108: 16:(Redirected from 6503: 5623:SOO/MStP&SSM 5468:NKP/ NYC&StL 5423:MILW/CMStP&P 5076: 5075: 4931: 4930: 4921:of North America 4912: 4905: 4898: 4889: 4888: 4879: 4789:National Limited 4672: 4662: 4655: 4648: 4639: 4638: 4520: 4506: 4490: 4481: 4459: 4453: 4441: 4412: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4352: 4343: 4334: 4315: 4310:. Archived from 4301:Mileposts from: 4289: 4284: 4278: 4277: 4275: 4273: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4226: 4220: 4219: 4212:Washington, D.C. 4203: 4197: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4183:. Archived from 4173: 4167: 4166: 4148: 4142: 4128: 4122: 4121: 4119: 4117: 4089: 4083: 4082: 4074: 4068: 4049: 4043: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4018: 4012: 4011: 3999: 3993: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3970: 3964: 3951: 3945: 3939: 3933: 3930: 3924: 3921: 3915: 3914:Toomey pp. 62–63 3912: 3906: 3905:Toomey pp. 82–84 3903: 3897: 3894: 3888: 3885: 3879: 3878:Toomey pp. 82–83 3876: 3870: 3867: 3861: 3860:Toomey pp. 18–23 3858: 3852: 3851:Abdill pp. 26–27 3849: 3843: 3829: 3823: 3822: 3809: 3803: 3800: 3794: 3788: 3782: 3772: 3766: 3763:George B. Abdill 3760: 3754: 3748: 3739: 3738: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3689: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3670:on July 31, 2015 3666:. Archived from 3655: 3649: 3643: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3624: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3585: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3574: 3567:Historic England 3555: 3549: 3546: 3540: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3498: 3492: 3489: 3483: 3480: 3474: 3471: 3465: 3464: 3452: 3441: 3427: 3421: 3420: 3402: 3396: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3371: 3365: 3359: 3348: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3312: 3306: 3305: 3303: 3301: 3281: 3275: 3269: 3238:Charles T. Hinde 3198: 3193: 3192: 3191: 3087:' current home, 3036: 2925: 2921: 2817: 2813: 2781:New York Central 2758:Georgia Railroad 2710:Reading Railroad 2645: 2638: 2634: 2631: 2625: 2623: 2582: 2558: 2550: 2546:The 20th century 2365:Charles F. Mayer 2248:John Lee Carroll 2237:Henry M. Mathews 2090:1876 B&O map 1836: 1834: 1822: 1815: 1808: 1799: 1798: 1706: 1690:Ulysses S. Grant 1668: 1536: 1527: 1478:Edwin M. Stanton 1474:Samuel M. Felton 1455:George McClellan 1376:Mason–Dixon line 1324:Secretary of War 1312:Hayward Shepherd 1179:Philip E. Thomas 1159: 1144:Capitol Building 1060:Bassaleg Viaduct 966:Washington, D.C. 816:Frederick Branch 783:strap iron rails 748:upstate New York 716:Philip E. Thomas 588: 581: 577: 574: 568: 566: 525: 501: 493: 468:steam locomotive 457:Reading Railroad 374:) was the first 330: 326: 324: 323: 319: 316: 260:Washington, D.C. 148: 141: 137: 129: 122: 118: 115: 109: 107: 66: 38: 30: 21: 18:B&O Railroad 6511: 6510: 6506: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6501: 6500: 6346: 6345: 6344: 6339: 6328: 6298: 5707: 5063: 5033: 4996: 4922: 4916: 4886: 4881: 4880: 4871: 4705:Capitol Limited 4684:Abraham Lincoln 4674: 4670: 4666: 4633:Wayback Machine 4611:Wayback Machine 4599:Wayback Machine 4581:Wayback Machine 4532: 4509: 4478: 4451: 4409: 4393: 4391:Further reading 4388: 4379: 4377: 4370: 4331: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4285: 4281: 4271: 4269: 4252: 4248: 4241: 4227: 4223: 4204: 4200: 4190: 4188: 4175: 4174: 4170: 4163: 4149: 4145: 4139:Wayback Machine 4129: 4125: 4115: 4113: 4106: 4090: 4086: 4075: 4071: 4064:Wayback Machine 4050: 4046: 4036: 4034: 4019: 4015: 4000: 3996: 3986: 3984: 3971: 3967: 3961:Wayback Machine 3952: 3948: 3940: 3936: 3931: 3927: 3922: 3918: 3913: 3909: 3904: 3900: 3895: 3891: 3886: 3882: 3877: 3873: 3868: 3864: 3859: 3855: 3850: 3846: 3830: 3826: 3811: 3810: 3806: 3801: 3797: 3789: 3785: 3773: 3769: 3761: 3757: 3749: 3742: 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3708: 3690: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3656: 3652: 3644: 3640: 3632: 3628: 3611: 3607: 3597: 3595: 3587: 3586: 3582: 3572: 3570: 3557: 3556: 3552: 3547: 3543: 3538: 3534: 3524: 3522: 3515: 3499: 3495: 3490: 3486: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3468: 3453: 3444: 3428: 3424: 3417: 3403: 3399: 3389: 3387: 3372: 3368: 3360: 3351: 3343: 3339: 3315: 3313: 3309: 3299: 3297: 3282: 3278: 3270: 3263: 3259: 3254: 3196:Railways portal 3194: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3149: 3137:Fairbanks-Morse 3103: 3097: 3065: 3060: 3059: 3058: 3055:Relay, Maryland 3042: 3037: 2762:CSX Corporation 2674:Leonor F. Loree 2646: 2635: 2629: 2626: 2583: 2581: 2571: 2559: 2548: 2472:and is now the 2466:Fairfax Station 2323:Bowie, Maryland 2300:Meanwhile, the 2268: 2260:sympathy strike 2252:riots broke out 2218: 2212: 2128:Cleveland, Ohio 2110:standard gauged 1989: 1951:Mosby's Rangers 1919:John D. Imboden 1890: 1885: 1837: 1832: 1830: 1828: 1826: 1787:, February 1865 1772:Mosby's Rangers 1763:, July 11, 1864 1729:, June 19, 1863 1722:, June 17, 1863 1707: 1705:Abraham Lincoln 1704: 1686:Abraham Lincoln 1669: 1666:Philip Sheridan 1663: 1644: 1486:Daniel McCallum 1459:Salmon P. Chase 1451:Reverdy Johnson 1415:George W. Brown 1403: 1368: 1349:Relay, Maryland 1301: 1295: 1287:operating costs 1283:John W. Garrett 1247: 1235:freight station 1217: 1212: 1211: 1210: 1195:John W. Garrett 1175:(left to right) 1165: 1160: 1127: 1115:inclined planes 1099:York, Atlantic, 1085: 1068:Relay, Maryland 1027: 1021: 1016: 999:Bowie, Maryland 974:Relay, Maryland 924:, although the 756: 708: 641:Cumberland Road 589: 578: 572: 569: 526: 524: 514: 502: 491: 486: 328: 321: 317: 314: 312: 311:4 ft 310: 277:1830–1987 269: 155: 130: 119: 113: 110: 67: 65: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6509: 6499: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6341: 6340: 6333: 6330: 6329: 6327: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6310: 6308: 6304: 6303: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5956: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5715: 5713: 5709: 5708: 5706: 5705: 5700: 5695: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5082: 5080: 5073: 5069: 5068: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5061: 5056: 5055: 5054: 5043: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5031: 5024: 5023: 5022: 5012: 5006: 5004: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4994: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4978: 4977: 4972: 4962: 4952: 4947: 4939: 4937: 4928: 4924: 4923: 4915: 4914: 4907: 4900: 4892: 4883: 4882: 4874: 4872: 4870: 4869: 4862: 4859:West Virginian 4855: 4848: 4841: 4834: 4827: 4820: 4813: 4806: 4799: 4792: 4785: 4778: 4771: 4764: 4757: 4750: 4743: 4736: 4729: 4722: 4715: 4708: 4701: 4694: 4687: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4665: 4664: 4657: 4650: 4642: 4636: 4635: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4601: 4589: 4584: 4571: 4565: 4564: 4563: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 4531: 4530:External links 4528: 4527: 4526: 4507: 4491: 4482: 4477:978-0517676035 4476: 4461: 4442: 4413: 4408:978-0226720258 4407: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4386: 4368: 4353: 4344: 4335: 4329: 4316: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4290: 4279: 4246: 4240:978-1627885577 4239: 4221: 4198: 4168: 4161: 4143: 4123: 4105:978-1557530660 4104: 4084: 4069: 4044: 4021:Rice, Daniel. 4013: 3994: 3965: 3946: 3944:, p. 206. 3934: 3925: 3916: 3907: 3898: 3889: 3880: 3871: 3862: 3853: 3844: 3824: 3804: 3802:Toomey pp. 8–9 3795: 3783: 3767: 3755: 3740: 3725: 3706: 3681: 3650: 3638: 3626: 3605: 3580: 3569:. June 6, 2018 3550: 3541: 3532: 3513: 3493: 3484: 3475: 3466: 3442: 3439:978-1566632188 3422: 3416:978-0226720258 3415: 3397: 3366: 3349: 3337: 3307: 3276: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3249: 3248: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3223:Camden Station 3220: 3215: 3210: 3200: 3199: 3183: 3180: 3148: 3147:Heritage units 3145: 3144: 3143: 3142: 3141: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3129: 3124: 3099:Main article: 3096: 3093: 3064: 3061: 3051:Thomas Viaduct 3039: 3038: 3031: 3030: 3029: 3026: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3015: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3004: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2993: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2970: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2947: 2946: 2943: 2940: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2928: 2918: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2907: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2896: 2895: 2892: 2889: 2885: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2862: 2861: 2858: 2855: 2852: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2839: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2742:Chessie System 2648: 2647: 2562: 2560: 2553: 2547: 2544: 2496:, such as the 2267: 2264: 2228:on July 14 in 2211: 2208: 2200:Alton Railroad 2189: 2188: 2178: 2172: 2162: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2141: 2134: 2131: 2121: 2099: 2096: 2072: 2071: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2009:Columbus, Ohio 2001:Bellaire, Ohio 1988: 1985: 1984: 1983: 1978: 1969: 1968: 1961: 1954: 1943: 1936: 1926: 1915: 1908: 1901: 1887: 1886: 1884: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1825: 1824: 1817: 1810: 1802: 1796: 1795: 1788: 1782: 1781:, January 1865 1775: 1768:Greenback Raid 1764: 1758: 1757:, July 9, 1864 1751: 1750:, July 3, 1864 1744: 1737: 1736:, January 1864 1730: 1723: 1716: 1702: 1661: 1643: 1640: 1639: 1638: 1635: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1624: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1613: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1591: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1580: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1547: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1524: 1523: 1516: 1509: 1502: 1402: 1399: 1367: 1364: 1320:James Buchanan 1297:Main article: 1294: 1291: 1246: 1243: 1216: 1213: 1162: 1161: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1131:telegraph line 1126: 1123: 1081: 1064:Thomas Viaduct 1042:of the stone. 1020: 1017: 978:Thomas Viaduct 943:Marietta, Ohio 933:to connect to 820:Point of Rocks 800:Patapsco River 755: 752: 707: 704: 631:with Ohio via 591: 590: 505: 503: 496: 490: 487: 485: 482: 455:(SIRT) or the 384:Chessie System 376:common carrier 369:reporting mark 333: 332: 308: 302: 301: 297: 296: 286:Chessie System 283: 279: 278: 275: 271: 270: 268: 267: 262: 257: 252: 247: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 207: 201: 199: 195: 194: 191: 189:Reporting mark 185: 184: 173:Charles Street 166: 162: 161: 157: 156: 153: 150: 149: 132: 131: 56:. Please help 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6508: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6337: 6334:Railroads in 6331: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6311: 6309: 6305: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5710: 5704: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5123: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5083: 5081: 5077: 5074: 5070: 5060: 5057: 5053: 5050: 5049: 5048: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5040: 5036: 5030: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5007: 5005: 5003: 4999: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4967: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4945: 4941: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4935:United States 4932: 4929: 4925: 4920: 4913: 4908: 4906: 4901: 4899: 4894: 4893: 4890: 4878: 4868: 4867: 4863: 4861: 4860: 4856: 4854: 4853: 4852:Washingtonian 4849: 4847: 4846: 4845:Washington 80 4842: 4840: 4839: 4835: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4826: 4825: 4821: 4819: 4818: 4814: 4812: 4811: 4810:Pittsburgh 79 4807: 4805: 4804: 4803:Night Express 4800: 4798: 4797: 4793: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4777: 4776: 4772: 4770: 4769: 4765: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4756: 4755: 4751: 4749: 4748: 4744: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4735: 4734: 4730: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4721: 4720: 4716: 4714: 4713: 4709: 4707: 4706: 4702: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4693: 4692: 4688: 4686: 4685: 4681: 4680: 4677: 4673: 4663: 4658: 4656: 4651: 4649: 4644: 4643: 4640: 4634: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4608: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4596: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4582: 4578: 4575: 4572: 4569: 4566: 4562: 4559: 4558: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4533: 4524: 4518: 4517: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4492: 4488: 4483: 4479: 4473: 4469: 4468: 4462: 4457: 4450: 4449: 4443: 4439: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4414: 4410: 4404: 4400: 4395: 4394: 4375: 4371: 4365: 4361: 4360: 4354: 4350: 4349:B&O Power 4345: 4341: 4336: 4332: 4326: 4322: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4300: 4299: 4288: 4283: 4267: 4263: 4262: 4257: 4250: 4242: 4236: 4232: 4225: 4218:. p. 49. 4217: 4213: 4209: 4202: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4172: 4164: 4158: 4154: 4147: 4140: 4136: 4133: 4127: 4116:September 17, 4111: 4107: 4101: 4097: 4096: 4088: 4080: 4073: 4066: 4065: 4061: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4017: 4009: 4005: 3998: 3987:September 17, 3982: 3978: 3977: 3969: 3962: 3958: 3955: 3950: 3943: 3942:Ramage (1999) 3938: 3929: 3920: 3911: 3902: 3893: 3884: 3875: 3866: 3857: 3848: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3828: 3820: 3817:. Annapolis: 3816: 3815: 3808: 3799: 3793:, p. 45. 3792: 3791:Jacobs (1989) 3787: 3781: 3777: 3771: 3764: 3759: 3753:, p. 42. 3752: 3751:Jacobs (1989) 3747: 3745: 3736: 3729: 3718:September 17, 3713: 3709: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3688: 3686: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3654: 3647: 3646:Stover (1987) 3642: 3635: 3634:Stover (1987) 3630: 3622: 3621: 3617: 3609: 3594: 3590: 3584: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3554: 3545: 3536: 3520: 3516: 3510: 3506: 3505: 3497: 3488: 3479: 3470: 3462: 3458: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3426: 3418: 3412: 3408: 3401: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3370: 3364:, p. 12. 3363: 3362:Jacobs (1989) 3358: 3356: 3354: 3346: 3345:Stover (1987) 3341: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3311: 3300:September 17, 3295: 3291: 3287: 3280: 3274:, p. 13. 3273: 3272:Jacobs (1989) 3268: 3266: 3261: 3246: 3245: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3205: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3186: 3179: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3166:In May 2023, 3164: 3162: 3153: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3119: 3118: 3117: 3116: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3108: 3102: 3092: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3047: 3041: 3035: 3023: 3020: 3012: 3009: 3001: 2998: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2952: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2926: 2915: 2912: 2904: 2901: 2893: 2890: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2836: 2833: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2818: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2789:Lehigh Valley 2786: 2782: 2777: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2722: 2718: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2698:New York City 2695: 2690: 2688: 2684: 2679: 2678:Old Main Line 2675: 2667: 2662: 2654: 2644: 2641: 2633: 2622: 2619: 2615: 2612: 2608: 2605: 2601: 2598: 2594: 2591: – 2590: 2586: 2585:Find sources: 2579: 2575: 2569: 2568: 2563:This section 2561: 2557: 2552: 2551: 2543: 2541: 2536: 2534: 2530: 2525: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2446: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2384: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2350: 2345: 2341: 2339: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2298: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2282: 2272: 2263: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2222:Panic of 1873 2217: 2207: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2192: 2186: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2088: 2081: 2076: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2020: 2017: 2016: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1993: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1973: 1972: 1966: 1962: 1959: 1955: 1952: 1948: 1947:John S. Mosby 1944: 1941: 1937: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1913: 1909: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1895: 1894: 1893: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1843: 1840: 1835: 1823: 1818: 1816: 1811: 1809: 1804: 1803: 1800: 1793: 1789: 1786: 1783: 1780: 1776: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1761:Gilmor's Raid 1759: 1756: 1752: 1749: 1745: 1743:, May 5, 1864 1742: 1738: 1735: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1721: 1717: 1714: 1710: 1709: 1701: 1697: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1674: 1667: 1660: 1656: 1648: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1614: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1603: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1556:Norris 4-2-0 1555: 1552: 1549: 1548: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1534: 1533: 1526: 1525: 1521: 1520:A. G. Jenkins 1517: 1514: 1510: 1507: 1503: 1500: 1496: 1495: 1494: 1492: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1468: 1467:Rich Mountain 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1446: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1407:Harpers Ferry 1398: 1396: 1392: 1391:Simon Cameron 1387: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1357:J.E.B. Stuart 1354: 1353:Robert E. Lee 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1306: 1300: 1290: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1279:Johns Hopkins 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1251: 1242: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1231: 1226: 1222: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1158: 1151: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1132: 1122: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1111:Harpers Ferry 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1084: 1079: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1056:Skerne Bridge 1053: 1049: 1043: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1015: 1010: 1008: 1002: 1000: 995: 991: 987: 983: 982:Old Main Line 979: 975: 971: 967: 962: 960: 959:West Virginia 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 927: 923: 919: 915: 914:Kanawha River 911: 910:National Road 907: 903: 899: 890: 886: 884: 880: 875: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 849: 846:in May 1842; 845: 841: 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 796: 794: 793: 788: 787:Ellicott City 784: 780: 776: 769: 765: 760: 751: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 710:Although the 703: 699: 695: 693: 688: 686: 682: 676: 674: 670: 666: 662: 661:West Virginia 658: 654: 653:Potomac River 650: 646: 645:National Road 642: 638: 634: 630: 629:New York City 626: 621: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 598: 587: 584: 576: 573:November 2023 565: 562: 558: 555: 551: 548: 544: 541: 537: 534: – 533: 529: 528:Find sources: 522: 518: 512: 511: 506:This section 504: 500: 495: 494: 481: 479: 478: 473: 469: 464: 462: 458: 454: 449: 447: 443: 438: 436: 432: 428: 424: 421:in 1842; the 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 400: 396: 391: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 370: 366: 358: 354: 350: 349:Potomac River 347:crossing the 346: 345: 339: 329:1,435 mm 309: 307: 303: 298: 295: 291: 287: 284: 280: 276: 272: 266: 265:West Virginia 263: 261: 258: 256: 253: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 230:Massachusetts 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 202: 200: 196: 192: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 167: 163: 158: 151: 147: 142: 136: 128: 125: 117: 114:November 2023 106: 103: 99: 96: 92: 89: 85: 82: 78: 75: – 74: 70: 69:Find sources: 63: 59: 55: 49: 48: 43:This article 41: 37: 32: 31: 19: 6335: 6324:1977–present 5147: 5120: 5079:1956–present 5026: 4942: 4864: 4857: 4850: 4843: 4836: 4829: 4823: 4816: 4808: 4801: 4794: 4787: 4780: 4774: 4766: 4759: 4753: 4745: 4739: 4731: 4726:Cincinnatian 4724: 4717: 4710: 4704: 4696: 4690: 4682: 4669: 4523:Porte Crayon 4514: 4498: 4486: 4466: 4447: 4424:(2): 47–71. 4421: 4417: 4398: 4378:. Retrieved 4358: 4348: 4339: 4320: 4312:the original 4307: 4282: 4270:. Retrieved 4259: 4249: 4230: 4224: 4207: 4201: 4191:December 24, 4189:. Retrieved 4185:the original 4180: 4171: 4152: 4146: 4126: 4114:. Retrieved 4094: 4087: 4078: 4072: 4055: 4047: 4035:. Retrieved 4026: 4016: 4007: 4003: 3997: 3985:. Retrieved 3975: 3968: 3949: 3937: 3928: 3919: 3910: 3901: 3892: 3887:Abdill p. 26 3883: 3874: 3865: 3856: 3847: 3832: 3827: 3813: 3807: 3798: 3786: 3770: 3758: 3734: 3728: 3716:. Retrieved 3697: 3672:. Retrieved 3668:the original 3653: 3648:, p. 2. 3641: 3629: 3619: 3615: 3608: 3596:. Retrieved 3592: 3583: 3571:. Retrieved 3562: 3553: 3544: 3535: 3523:. Retrieved 3503: 3496: 3487: 3478: 3469: 3460: 3456: 3430: 3425: 3406: 3400: 3388:. Retrieved 3379: 3369: 3340: 3323: 3319: 3310: 3298:. Retrieved 3289: 3279: 3242: 3165: 3158: 3104: 3066: 3044: 2778: 2727: 2717:dieselized. 2691: 2671: 2636: 2627: 2617: 2610: 2603: 2596: 2584: 2572:Please help 2567:verification 2564: 2537: 2526: 2516:, under the 2447: 2443:World War II 2439:freight cars 2427:World War II 2419: 2412:Potomac Yard 2385: 2354: 2351:in Baltimore 2330: 2318:Pope's Creek 2310:Philadelphia 2299: 2294: 2291:Gaithersburg 2280: 2277: 2219: 2193: 2190: 2013: 1998: 1970: 1958:Harry Gilmor 1912:Turner Ashby 1891: 1876:Folck's Mill 1871:Kernstown II 1851:Fort Stevens 1829:Early's Raid 1794:, March 1865 1741:McNeill Raid 1699: 1675: 1671: 1658: 1653: 1622:Camel 0-8-0 1600:Camel 0-8-0 1578:Camel 0-8-0 1567:Mason 4-4-0 1529: 1522:, Fall, 1862 1471: 1447: 1435: 1431:Charles Town 1427:John Letcher 1404: 1388: 1369: 1361: 1305:abolitionist 1302: 1256: 1229: 1221:John Stevens 1218: 1183:George Brown 1174: 1170: 1128: 1102: 1098: 1091:Parr's Ridge 1088: 1044: 1040: 1034: 1003: 963: 895: 883:right of way 876: 797: 790: 772: 731: 720:George Brown 709: 700: 696: 689: 677: 622: 594: 579: 570: 560: 553: 546: 539: 527: 515:Please help 510:verification 507: 476: 465: 450: 439: 392: 371: 364: 362: 343: 250:Pennsylvania 165:Headquarters 135: 120: 111: 101: 94: 87: 80: 68: 47:verification 44: 6129:PCC&STL 6014:KCM&OTX 5799:CCC&STL 4568:1827 report 4380:October 15, 4206:Lennon, J. 3525:October 15, 3107:locomotives 2754:Clinchfield 2706:Jersey City 2433:caused the 2431:Long Bridge 2402:, into the 2338:Long Bridge 2243:, and when 1861:Cool Spring 1682:Lew Wallace 1676:Before the 1539:Engine Name 1491:bushwhacker 1453:to General 1443:Martinsburg 1215:Innovations 1109:, and then 935:Parkersburg 908:(where the 868:Moundsville 844:Martinsburg 470:, it built 429:, in 1852; 417:, in 1834; 306:Track gauge 6350:Categories 6244:TSTL&W 6209:SLIM&S 5869:CP&STL 5458:NC&STL 5228:CSPM&O 5188:CNO&TP 5153:CAR&NW 4824:Shenandoah 4817:Royal Blue 4775:Marylander 4691:Ambassador 3252:References 3161:EMD F40PHs 3077:roundhouse 2791:, and the 2785:Lackawanna 2756:, and the 2600:newspapers 2510:Rock Creek 2494:Georgetown 2454:Alexandria 2406:, through 2373:Samuel Rea 2256:Pittsburgh 2241:Cumberland 2214:See also: 2108:which was 1881:Moorefield 1140:Henry Clay 1136:Whig Party 1119:bottleneck 1023:See also: 1012:See also: 955:Huntington 951:Charleston 904:, such as 864:Ohio River 804:Mount Airy 744:Erie Canal 740:East Coast 736:Midwestern 685:Pittsburgh 625:Erie Canal 597:Ohio River 543:newspapers 423:Ohio River 419:Cumberland 240:New Jersey 171:, 2 North 84:newspapers 6319:1930–1976 6314:1910–1929 6204:SLB&M 6199:SJ&GI 6189:SFP&P 6179:SB&NY 6174:SA&AP 6094:NYP&N 6089:NOT&M 6079:NJ&NY 6029:LS&MS 6019:LA&SL 6009:KCM&O 5984:HE&WT 5964:GH&SA 5959:GC&SF 5954:FW&RG 5929:EP&SW 5919:DNW&P 5899:DGH&M 5884:CR&NW 5879:CRI&G 5849:CM&PS 5779:BSL&W 5744:A&STL 5593:SD&AE 5513:NYO&W 5478:NO&NE 5473:NYS&W 5453:M&STL 5278:D&TSL 5268:DSS&A 5263:D&RGW 5258:DM&IR 5116:AT&SF 4740:Columbian 4438:211316549 4272:March 10, 3598:March 24, 3573:March 23, 3257:Citations 3168:GE ES44AH 3111:cab units 3046:Columbian 2809:St. Louis 2377:car ferry 2258:staged a 2161:from 1916 2155:from 1920 2149:from 1912 1642:1863–1865 1401:1861–1862 1372:Civil War 1275:dividends 1230:Tom Thumb 1103:Franklin. 994:Annapolis 812:Frederick 792:Tom Thumb 651:, on the 633:Lake Erie 620:in 1839. 403:turnpikes 395:Baltimore 344:Columbian 300:Technical 282:Successor 183:1906–1987 177:Baltimore 54:talk page 6307:Timeline 6294:Y&MV 6274:W&LE 6269:WJ&S 6264:VS&P 6239:T&OC 6229:T&FS 6224:T&BV 6194:S&IE 6184:SD&A 6169:PS&N 6164:P&SF 6124:PB&W 6109:OR&L 6049:M&NA 6039:MD&V 6024:LE&W 5989:H&TC 5979:G&SI 5974:GR&I 5969:GM&N 5949:FS&W 5944:FJ&G 5939:F&CC 5934:E&TH 5924:D&SL 5914:DM&N 5904:D&IR 5839:CL&N 5834:CI&W 5829:CI&S 5814:CH&D 5789:CA&C 5769:BR&P 5754:BC&A 5749:BA&P 5729:AB&C 5724:AB&A 5712:pre-1956 5673:TP&W 5663:T&NO 5638:SP&S 5563:QA&P 5553:RF&P 5543:P&WV 5523:P&LE 5438:MN&S 5398:LS&I 5393:L&NE 5373:L&HR 5363:KO&G 5338:GS&F 5328:GM&O 5318:GB&W 5308:FW&D 5288:EJ&E 5283:DW&P 5273:DT&I 5253:DL&W 5243:C&WC 5193:C&NW 5178:C&IM 5163:C&EI 5158:CB&Q 5133:B&AR 5128:A&WP 5111:AT&N 5096:AC&Y 4754:Diplomat 4629:Archived 4607:Archived 4595:Archived 4577:Archived 4497:(1928). 4374:Archived 4308:Trainweb 4266:Archived 4135:Archived 4110:Archived 4060:Archived 4037:June 18, 4031:Archived 3981:Archived 3957:Archived 3712:Archived 3519:Archived 3390:April 6, 3384:Archived 3332:25102651 3294:Archived 3182:See also 3172:Waycross 2939:CI&W 2936:BR&P 2831:CI&W 2828:BR&P 2630:May 2018 2482:Quantico 2314:New York 2295:de facto 2187:in 1955. 1945:Colonel 1932:and the 1921:and the 1846:Monocacy 1703:— 1664:General 1662:— 1630:No. 201 1619:No. 199 1608:No. 198 1597:No. 193 1586:No. 188 1575:No. 187 1542:Eng. No. 1355:and Lt. 1101:and the 918:Richmond 906:Wheeling 860:Fairmont 856:Piedmont 808:Monocacy 706:Charters 614:Kentucky 477:Monopoly 353:Maryland 325: in 255:Virginia 245:New York 235:Missouri 225:Maryland 210:Illinois 205:Delaware 181:Maryland 160:Overview 6336:italics 6249:U&D 6234:T&N 6159:P&S 6144:P&E 6054:M&O 6044:M&I 5909:D&M 5819:C&I 5809:C&G 5804:C&E 5794:C&C 5784:C&A 5774:B&S 5759:B&G 5739:A&D 5668:T&P 5573:S&A 5568:RI/CRIP 5528:P&N 5493:N&W 5388:L&N 5383:L&M 5368:L&A 5323:G&F 5238:C&W 5218:C&S 5198:C&O 5148:B&O 5138:B&M 4927:Current 3821:. 1860. 3674:May 19, 3593:Coflein 2942:D&U 2930:B&O 2834:D&U 2822:B&O 2805:Chicago 2683:Reading 2614:scholar 2506:trestle 2462:Fairfax 1564:No. 34 1553:No. 17 1271:profits 1093:, near 931:Grafton 922:Norfolk 848:Hancock 779:granite 746:across 724:England 610:Indiana 557:scholar 484:History 359:in 1949 320:⁄ 215:Indiana 98:scholar 5613:SLSFTX 5072:Former 5039:Mexico 5002:Canada 4474: 4436: 4405: 4366: 4327: 4261:Trains 4237: 4159: 4102: 3839: 3778: 3704: 3511: 3437: 3413: 3330: 3244:La Paz 3063:Legacy 2801:Boston 2752:, the 2748:, the 2734:Amtrak 2668:, 1906 2616: 2609: 2602: 2595: 2587: 2500:, the 1956:Major 1322:, the 1037:, 1855 988:. The 669:Albany 612:, and 559: 552: 545: 538: 530: 198:Locale 100: 93: 86: 79: 71: 6219:SSWTX 6214:SOUMS 4452:(PDF) 4434:S2CID 3328:JSTOR 3018:1970 3007:1960 2996:1944 2973:1933 2965:0.004 2950:1925 2913:28594 2910:1970 2902:24840 2899:1960 2891:34802 2888:1944 2868:12111 2865:1933 2845:19459 2842:1925 2621:JSTOR 2607:books 2464:(now 2410:, to 1770:, by 1545:Type 1384:Union 1267:fares 564:JSTOR 550:books 442:Union 351:from 105:JSTOR 91:books 6259:VAND 6254:UTAH 6154:PRDG 6119:OWRN 6099:OCAA 6074:NCRY 5999:ICRY 5894:CVRR 5874:CPVT 5864:CNOR 5859:CNNE 5824:CINN 5608:SLSF 5603:SIRT 5538:PRSL 5508:NYCN 5298:ERIE 5203:CPME 5106:ASAB 5052:KCSM 5047:CPKC 5015:CPKC 4965:CPKC 4950:BNSF 4944:AMTK 4472:ISBN 4403:ISBN 4382:2020 4364:ISBN 4325:ISBN 4274:2009 4235:ISBN 4193:2021 4157:ISBN 4118:2020 4100:ISBN 4039:2017 3989:2020 3837:ISBN 3776:ISBN 3720:2020 3702:ISBN 3676:2018 3600:2022 3575:2022 3527:2020 3509:ISBN 3435:ISBN 3411:ISBN 3392:2006 3302:2020 3206:, a 3109:and 3043:The 2999:2758 2968:0.1 2945:ICV 2933:SIRT 2851:1585 2837:ICV 2825:SIRT 2793:Erie 2728:The 2685:and 2593:news 2312:and 2194:The 1949:'s " 1790:The 1777:The 1766:The 1753:The 1746:The 1739:The 1732:The 1725:The 1718:The 1711:The 1504:The 1497:The 1465:and 1273:and 718:and 671:and 655:and 606:Ohio 536:news 489:Ohio 409:and 407:Erie 390:. 363:The 220:Ohio 77:news 6284:WSN 6279:WPT 6134:PCO 6114:OSL 6064:MTR 6059:MSC 6004:IGN 5889:CRP 5854:CNE 5764:BRI 5688:WAB 5678:VGN 5653:TFM 5643:SSW 5628:SOU 5588:SCL 5583:SBD 5578:SAL 5558:RUT 5548:RDG 5533:PRR 5503:NYC 5498:NWP 5443:MON 5433:MKT 5428:MIS 5413:MGA 5408:MEC 5358:ITC 5353:ICG 5343:GTW 5303:FEC 5213:CRR 5183:CNJ 5173:CGW 5122:AUT 5101:AGS 5091:ACL 5059:FXE 5028:VIA 4982:CSX 4975:SOO 4970:KCS 4959:GTC 4426:doi 3049:on 3013:37 3010:533 3002:81 2976:435 2953:878 2905:15 2860:15 2854:376 2704:in 2576:by 2480:in 2456:to 2420:See 2418:. ( 2414:in 2331:See 2116:in 1201:in 1066:at 992:to 866:at 519:by 425:at 355:to 60:by 6352:: 6289:WV 6149:PM 6139:PE 6104:OE 6084:NN 6069:MV 6034:MC 5994:HV 5844:CM 5734:AC 5703:WP 5698:WM 5693:WC 5683:WA 5658:TM 5648:TC 5633:SP 5618:SN 5598:SI 5518:PC 5488:NS 5483:NP 5463:NH 5448:MP 5418:MI 5403:LV 5378:LI 5348:IC 5333:GN 5313:GA 5293:EL 5248:DH 5233:CV 5223:CS 5208:CR 5168:CG 5143:BN 5086:AA 5020:CP 5010:CN 4992:UP 4987:NS 4955:CN 4513:. 4432:. 4422:13 4420:. 4372:. 4306:. 4264:. 4258:. 4214:: 4210:. 4179:. 4108:. 4054:, 4025:. 4008:17 4006:. 3743:^ 3710:. 3684:^ 3662:. 3591:. 3565:. 3561:. 3517:. 3461:35 3459:. 3445:^ 3378:. 3352:^ 3324:25 3322:. 3292:. 3288:. 3264:^ 3176:GA 3174:, 3091:. 3053:, 3024:? 3021:64 2979:52 2962:14 2959:47 2956:67 2916:? 2894:9 2787:, 2535:. 2524:. 2445:. 1633:? 1627:? 1616:? 1605:? 1594:? 1572:? 1561:? 1550:? 1326:, 1281:, 1241:. 1185:, 1181:, 1169:. 1001:. 961:. 608:, 480:. 372:BO 193:BO 179:, 175:, 5719:A 4961:) 4957:( 4911:e 4904:t 4897:v 4661:e 4654:t 4647:v 4525:. 4505:. 4480:. 4458:. 4440:. 4428:: 4411:. 4384:. 4333:. 4276:. 4243:. 4195:. 4165:. 4120:. 4041:. 3991:. 3722:. 3678:. 3602:. 3577:. 3529:. 3419:. 3394:. 3334:. 3304:. 2871:6 2857:3 2848:6 2643:) 2637:( 2632:) 2628:( 2618:· 2611:· 2604:· 2597:· 2570:. 2171:. 2130:. 1967:" 1953:" 1821:e 1814:t 1807:v 1209:. 586:) 580:( 575:) 571:( 561:· 554:· 547:· 540:· 513:. 367:( 331:) 327:( 322:2 318:1 315:+ 313:8 292:/ 288:/ 127:) 121:( 116:) 112:( 102:· 95:· 88:· 81:· 50:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad

Index