1305:
138:
1317:
908:
1444:
3995:
3703:
130:
764:
851:
776:
277:
1456:
22:
1343:
the two countries. However, in retaliation for the
Australian government's support of an inquiry into the origins of Covid-19, China imposed tariffs of over 200% on Australian wine in October 2020. These tariffs have been lifted as of April 2024 following an improvement in relations between the two countries.
755:. Shiraz can contribute full-bodied, fleshy flavours of black fruits and pepper. It adds colour, backbone and tannins and provides the sense of balance such blends require. Mourvèdre contributes elegance, structure and acidity to the blend, producing flavours of sweet plums, roasted game and hints of tobacco.
1338:
fluctuations, making
Australian wines appear much cheaper than French wines in the UK and hence perceived as being of poorer quality. While this situation may be somewhat mitigated by the continued rise in the Australian dollar during 2010, the stronger currency threatens to weaken Australian exports
1333:
New marketing strategies developed for the key UK market encouraged customers to explore premium
Australian brands while maintaining sales of the lower-margin high-volume brands, following research that indicated a celebratory dinner was more likely to be accompanied by an inferior French wine than a
841:
The majority of grapes are grown in warm climate regions, including the
Riverina, Murray Valley and Riverland wine regions, located in southern NSW, north western Victoria and South Australia. A 2019 report by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission examined grape production in these areas
216:
Early
Australian winemakers faced many difficulties, particularly due to the unfamiliar Australian climate. But because it is also warm, dry, and Mediterranean overall, making Australia ideal for wine production, they eventually achieved considerable success. "At the 1873 Vienna Exhibition the French
194:
in 1844, but there is no evidence that she placed an order as a result. The production and quality of
Australian wine was much improved by the arrival of free settlers from various parts of Europe, who used their skills and knowledge to establish some of Australia's premier wine regions. For example,
1342:
Australian wine accounts for a very large imported wine market share in South Asian countries and is the second largest imported wine in India with a market share of 16%. Australia was China's largest supplier of imported wine, a standing achieved in part by free-trade agreements established between
1329:
The
Australian Wine export market was worth 2.8 billion Australian dollars (A$ ) a year in June 2007, having grown at 9%pa. Of this about A$ 2 billion is accounted for by North America and the UK. 2007 statistics for the North American market show that Australian wine accounted for a 17%
1346:
Canada is the fourth-largest export market for
Australian wines with the major exporting provinces being British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec. With the restrictions on the sale of Australian wine being removed in British Columbia, Australian wine will be on more shelves in the province with lower
837:
wines) and the Berri
Estates winery in Glossop, SA. The ownership of wineries varies but their location has largely been the same since the introduction of stainless steel tanks in the 1990s, there was a major change in the wine industry in the 1980s when local winegrower cooperatives ceased
229:
and "its taste completed its trinity of perfection." One
Australian wine won a gold medal "first class" at the 1882 Bordeaux International Exhibition and another won a gold medal "against the world" at the 1889 Paris International Exhibition. That was all before the destructive effects on the
385:
management and other viticultural and in wine-making techniques, and they have a general attitude toward their work that sets them apart from producers in Europe. Australian wine-makers travel the wine world as highly skilled seasonal workers, relocating to the northern hemisphere during the
237:
Australia has rapidly become a world leader in both the quantity and quality of wines it produces. For example, Australian wine exports to the US rose from 578,000 cases in 1990 to 20,000,000 cases in 2004 and in 2000 it exported more wine than France to the UK for the first time in history.
337:
About 130 different grape varieties are used by commercial winemakers in Australia. Over recent years many winemakers have been rediscovering so-called "alternative varieties" other than those listed above. Many varieties from France, Italy and Spain, for example
891:
has developed a reputation for its Chardonnay and Pinot noir, which are well suited to the cooler Tasmanian climate. Queensland is also developing a wine industry with over 100 vineyards registered in the state. Some notable wines are produced in the high-altitude
241:
The industry has at times suffered from its own productivity. In the late 1980s, governments sponsored growers to pull out their vines when Australia was a net importer of wine. Low grape prices in 2005 and 2006 have led to calls for another sponsored vine pull.
48:
Wine is produced in every state, with more than 60 designated wine regions totalling approximately 160,000 hectares; however Australia's wine regions are mainly in the southern, cooler parts of the country, with vineyards located in
33:
industry is one of the world's largest exporters of wine, with approximately 800 million out of the 1.2 to 1.3 billion litres produced annually exported to overseas markets. The wine industry is a significant contributor to the
1316:
813:, who is well known for his love of Bordeaux wines, has written that Grange "has replaced Bordeaux's PĂ©trus as the world's most exotic and concentrated wine". Other red wines to garner international attention include
264:
In 2020, China placed taxes of more than 200% on Australian wines at a time when China was Australia's most lucrative market. As relations between the two countries improved the tariffs were removed in March 2024.
832:
Australia has almost 2000 wine producers, most of whom are small winery operations. The market is dominated by a small number of major wine companies. The largest wineries are the Casella winery in Yenda, NSW
750:
Grenache is the lightest of the three grapes, producing a pale red juice with soft berry scents and a bit of spiciness. As a blending component, it contributes alcohol, warmth and fruitiness without added
1304:
864:
The information included on wine labels is strictly regulated. One aspect of this is that the label must not make any false or misleading statements about the source of the grapes. Many names (called
381:
Australian winemaking results have been impressive and it has established benchmarks for a number of varietals, such as Chardonnay, Pinot noir and Shiraz. Moreover, Australians have innovated in
137:
1118:
791:. The great 1955 vintage was submitted to competitions beginning in 1962 and over the years has won more than 50 gold medals. The vintage of 1971 won first prize in Syrah/Shiraz at the
5099:
2506:
221:
of the wine was revealed, on the grounds that wines of that quality must clearly be French." Australian wines continued to win high honours in French competitions. A Victorian
183:
returned from France and Spain with a serious selection of grape varieties including most classic French grapes and a good selection of grapes for fortified wine production.
326:
varieties were introduced from Europe and South Africa in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Some varieties have been bred by Australian viticulturists, for example
179:
became the first person to export Australian wine, and was the first winemaker to win an overseas award. In 1830 vineyards were established in the Hunter Valley. In 1833
1062:
1027:
1706:
1484:
1736:
872:, zones (shown in the map), regions, and subregions. The largest volume of wine is produced from grapes grown in the warm climate Murray-Darling Basin zones of
2658:
2337:
5116:
1363:
worth $ 18 million. In an average year, alcohol production in Australia is estimated to produce between $ 3.3 and $ 5.5 billion in taxable income.
1960:
1379:
2716:
2016:
4997:
261:
was particularly badly hit, losing up to 30% of is vineyards. Some winemakers found innovative ways to get around the problem of tainted grapes.
2452:
1411:
1390:
5002:
2633:
5267:
2426:
171:
An attempt at wine making from these first vines failed, but with perseverance, other settlers managed to successfully cultivate vines for
41:
There is a $ 3.5 billion domestic market for Australian wines, with Australians consuming approximately 500 million litres annually.
2298:
4523:
2503:
876:, North Western Victoria and Big Rivers. In general, the higher-value premium wines are made from smaller and cooler-climate regions.
4770:
4037:
739:), and Washington (Columbia Valley); smaller production exists in Argentina and South Africa. A very similar blend is traditional to
2404:
2560:
3929:
394:
1839:
45:
are the second biggest per capita wine consumers in the world with 54 litres. Only 16.6% of wine sold domestically is imported.
5044:
4854:
4662:
4576:
2400:
2367:
1545:
253:
of 2019 to 2020, winemaking was adversely affected in production areas struck by fire or smoke, which affects flavour through
4940:
4780:
2588:
2154:
2120:
1665:
1395:
73:. The wine regions in each of these states produce different wine varieties and styles that take advantage of the particular
1523:
5056:
4596:
4591:
4586:
3751:
1934:
1123:
1279:
5443:
5387:
5282:
4788:
4622:
4536:
1912:
869:
859:
747:, Spain), still based on Garnacha (Grenache), but adding Mazuelo (Carignan), Syrah, and Merlot (same GS, different M's).
2523:
268:
In 2024, in part due to overproduction as well as falling consumption, Australian vignerons uprooted millions of vines.
121:. Wines are often labelled with the name of their grape variety, which must constitute at least 85 percent of the wine.
5450:
4581:
4561:
1690:
1385:
1714:
1492:
5495:
4992:
4893:
4793:
4713:
4647:
3013:
2849:
2228:
2178:
2053:
1875:
1786:
1747:
1626:
1611:
1586:
1416:
1355:
Australian wine research and production is supported by the government through partnerships with the publicly funded
4720:
4657:
4642:
4046:
2345:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1206:
5161:
4960:
4950:
4886:
4627:
4601:
2988:
1990:
1157:
3302:
5247:
5146:
4866:
4844:
4750:
4556:
4516:
3469:
2882:
2831:
2813:
2787:
2768:
5397:
5314:
5190:
5039:
5032:
4903:
4849:
4652:
4632:
4030:
3955:
976:
5382:
5176:
4913:
4876:
4755:
4745:
4617:
4397:
3960:
1184:
213:
In 1853, Australia had less than six hundred hectares of grapes, with only a portion used for winemaking.
5151:
5109:
5104:
5051:
4798:
4765:
4693:
4237:
2456:
1047:
996:
956:
768:
5490:
5217:
5121:
4975:
4930:
4834:
3880:
3847:
3676:
1434:
1195:
991:
986:
931:
258:
732:
246:
wines were introduced into Australia during the 1960s as a means to combat oversupply and poor sales.
5337:
5294:
5242:
5141:
4987:
4955:
4871:
4861:
4829:
4509:
3970:
3860:
780:
735:, though it is also found in South Australia, California (particularly Paso Robles, originating with
2750:
2243:
5500:
5485:
5252:
5237:
5084:
4920:
4881:
4708:
4023:
3965:
3744:
3686:
3615:
3507:
3108:
3091:
2264:
1400:
1373:
1152:
961:
941:
873:
801:
magazine in 1995, which later rated the 1998 vintage 99 points out of a possible 100. Wine critic
5402:
5277:
5257:
5232:
5212:
4965:
4935:
4760:
4637:
4566:
3855:
3228:
3064:
1136:
951:
285:
62:
2430:
386:
off-season at home. They are an important resource in the globalisation of wine and wine critic
5309:
5287:
5262:
5227:
5207:
5171:
5009:
4980:
4970:
4945:
4908:
4839:
4676:
4571:
3718:
3641:
3086:
2146:
2140:
1246:
901:
897:
888:
818:
250:
200:
883:
industry is responsible for most of the production of wine in Australia. In recent years, the
5372:
5304:
5202:
5156:
5019:
4925:
4812:
4698:
4327:
3656:
3425:
3069:
2892:
2837:
2797:
2306:
1082:
1037:
1032:
971:
966:
936:
923:
880:
810:
736:
203:
50:
2898:
2207:
5436:
5407:
5329:
5166:
5136:
5072:
5027:
4740:
4735:
4703:
4688:
4544:
3307:
3059:
2805:
2761:
Oz Clarke's Australian Wine Companion: An essential guide for all lovers of Australian wine
1090:
54:
35:
217:
judges, tasting blind, praised some wines from Victoria, but withdrew in protest when the
8:
5357:
5299:
5131:
5094:
4824:
3885:
3837:
3737:
2981:
2396:
1330:
share of the total value of US imported wine, behind France with 31% and Italy with 28%.
1067:
1052:
802:
3287:
5459:
5417:
5392:
5377:
5367:
5362:
5352:
5319:
5222:
5126:
4730:
4725:
4302:
4085:
3875:
3380:
2567:
2110:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1072:
834:
387:
297:
94:
2685:
2069:
226:
5347:
5089:
3829:
3776:
3360:
3098:
2906:
2878:
2845:
2827:
2809:
2783:
2764:
2697:
2689:
2224:
2174:
2150:
2116:
2049:
1904:
1871:
1831:
1782:
1737:"Per Capita Wine Consumption by Country – Ranked by Per Capita Consumption 2007–2010"
1686:
1661:
1607:
1582:
1576:
1260:
1057:
946:
175:, and Australian made wine was available for sale domestically by the 1820s. In 1822
149:
3297:
2672:
Newman, Saul J. (23 March 2019). "End government support for pro-alcohol research".
1553:
5464:
4898:
4444:
4357:
4322:
4176:
4121:
3620:
3547:
3410:
3312:
2681:
1460:
1310:
The monthly value of Australian alcoholic beverage exports since 1988 (A$ millions)
1169:
1128:
243:
176:
2596:
4480:
4342:
4307:
4206:
4181:
3975:
3796:
3713:
3499:
3327:
3262:
3205:
3168:
3048:
2826:
Adelaide: Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation in association with Winetitles .
2510:
2042:
1515:
1113:
907:
788:
720:. Blends where Shiraz is the main component are sometimes referred to instead as
309:
157:
118:
2397:"Register of Protected Names (includes textual descriptions of Australia's GIs)"
5342:
4490:
4470:
4460:
4392:
4372:
4287:
4242:
4191:
4156:
4111:
4090:
4070:
3865:
3814:
3768:
3625:
3597:
3572:
3493:
3482:
3477:
3375:
3342:
3158:
3136:
3103:
3079:
2974:
1421:
1360:
1238:
1012:
1004:
912:
884:
797:
382:
322:
191:
187:
161:
66:
58:
42:
3870:
378:
are becoming more common. Wines from many other varieties are being produced.
5479:
4485:
4465:
4423:
4413:
4347:
4317:
4272:
4247:
4227:
4222:
4166:
4151:
4131:
4116:
4095:
4080:
4075:
4065:
4060:
3994:
3895:
3804:
3702:
3610:
3605:
3282:
3074:
2693:
2530:
1443:
1335:
887:
industry has emerged as a producer of high quality wines. In particular, the
822:
792:
752:
740:
390:
notes that "the most powerful influence in wine today" comes from Australia.
371:
145:
2910:
728:
4475:
4418:
4382:
4377:
4362:
4352:
4312:
4297:
4252:
4232:
4201:
4146:
4141:
3681:
3272:
3210:
3200:
3153:
2701:
2618:
Worobiec, MaryAnn (March 2018). "Chinese Wine Titan Invests in Australia".
1513:
1287:
1265:
1042:
981:
896:
region in the state's extreme south, production is centred on the towns of
893:
806:
744:
343:
339:
289:
225:(also called Shiraz) competing in the 1878 Paris Exhibition was likened to
153:
129:
3430:
2192:
1634:
717:
5412:
5272:
4367:
4337:
4277:
4267:
4262:
4186:
4161:
4136:
4126:
3999:
3950:
3913:
3707:
3562:
3552:
3450:
3215:
3146:
3005:
2478:
1448:
1254:
1147:
850:
763:
351:
254:
207:
180:
165:
3332:
313:
4387:
4332:
4292:
4282:
4257:
4171:
3903:
3819:
3809:
3760:
3666:
3661:
3646:
3582:
3577:
3542:
3440:
3435:
3395:
3322:
3267:
3257:
3239:
3195:
3183:
3173:
3131:
2957:
2947:
1426:
1405:
1017:
868:) are protected. These are divided into "South Eastern Australia", the
775:
705:
347:
305:
293:
231:
218:
172:
110:
98:
82:
70:
3252:
2479:"Wine Trails - Wine Tasmania - Welcome to the world of Tasmanian wine"
2070:"Australian wine regions - Wine tasting & tours | Winetourism.com"
276:
4532:
4501:
4196:
3781:
3671:
3651:
3587:
3567:
3557:
3517:
3455:
3337:
3277:
3178:
3023:
2877:. Centre for International Economic Studies: University of Adelaide.
2756:
2338:"Langton's Australian Wine Classification IV - Appellation Australia"
1174:
1022:
210:
also helped in establishing Geelong wine region in Victoria in 1842.
86:
3527:
3522:
3512:
3405:
3385:
3352:
3317:
3163:
3126:
3038:
3033:
3018:
2659:"Here's cheers to Aussie winemakers after trade win against Canada"
1179:
829:
Run Rig and other high-end Penfolds wines such as St Henri shiraz.
826:
814:
795:
in Paris. The 1990 vintage was named 'Red Wine of the Year' by the
709:
375:
355:
334:. The most widely cultivated grape variety in Australia is Shiraz.
331:
317:
114:
106:
4015:
3247:
1707:"Australian wine: Production, sales and inventory report, 2018-19"
1485:"Australian wine: Production, sales and inventory report, 2018-19"
21:
3980:
3786:
3537:
3390:
3365:
3292:
3028:
2717:"Wine Australia and CSIRO sign $ 37 million investment agreement"
1479:
1477:
1077:
363:
196:
168:(1788). Wine produced from this was initially for household use.
78:
74:
3141:
2634:"China lifts steep Australian wine tariffs as relations improve"
2173:
Third Edition pp. 297–298, 333–334 Oxford University Press 2006
3945:
3908:
3532:
3420:
3415:
2942:
2875:
Trends and Cycles in the Australian Wine Industry, 1850 to 2000
1991:"China removes tariffs on Australian wine as relations improve"
1683:
Oz Clarke's New Wine Atlas: Wines and Wine Regions of the World
842:
and the myriad competition and consumer issues facing growers.
367:
359:
327:
301:
102:
1800:
1798:
1746:. The Wine Institute – Trade Data And Analysis. Archived from
1474:
3729:
3445:
3400:
3370:
2048:. Anness Publishing Limited 2002, 2005. pp. s.232, 233.
2017:"Australian farmers rip out millions of vines amid wine glut"
1356:
1322:
The quarterly value of wine imports since 2000 (A$ thousands)
713:
222:
90:
1926:
1514:
International Organization of Wine and Vine (24 June 2002).
2997:
2953:
2299:"Langton's Classification of Australian Wine IV - Articles"
1884:
1795:
2163:
206:
as a winemaking region. In smaller scale, winemakers from
2891:
Palmer, Margot. Australian Wine. An Export Success Story
2558:
Winemakers' Federation of Australia Strategy (May 2007),
1961:"Winemakers get creative to salvage smoke-tainted grapes"
141:
The consumer price index for wine in Australia since 1980
2332:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2324:
809:
of the Southern Hemisphere. The influential wine critic
2966:
704:
is a name commonly used for a red wine consisting of a
854:
Zones used for labelling the source of Australian wine
2321:
1432:
38:
through production, employment, export, and tourism.
1516:"Situation of the world viticultural sector in 2006"
2844:(rev. ed.). Prahran, Vic: Hardie Grant Books.
2824:
A history of the Australian wine industry 1949–1994
2293:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2041:
1713:. Wine Australia. 12 February 2020. Archived from
1491:. Wine Australia. 12 February 2020. Archived from
2445:
5477:
2867:Wine for Dummies: A Reference for the Rest of Us
1574:
1380:Australian and New Zealand Wine Industry Journal
919:Some well-known wine-producing regions include:
199:in the mid-1850s were important in establishing
2282:
1935:"How bushfires have hit Australia's winemakers"
1655:
1568:
1334:premium Australian wine. This is partly due to
860:List of wine-producing regions § Australia
133:Audrey Wilkinson vineyard in the Hunter Valley.
2903:The Wines Vineyards and Vignerons of Australia
2872:
2782:. Milsons Point, NSW: Random House Australia.
2375:Australian Competition and Consumer Commission
1890:
1804:
1391:Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology
727:This blend originated from those used in some
4517:
4031:
3745:
2982:
2502:The Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
1952:
1905:"Grape glut: call for subsidised vine pull"
1781:. Time Warner Book Group UK. p. s.12.
1575:Ed, McCarthy; Ewing-Mulligan, Mary (2006).
1412:Langton's Classification of Australian Wine
4524:
4510:
4038:
4024:
3752:
3738:
2989:
2975:
2581:
2208:Time to Try 'GSM' The CĂ´tes du RhĂ´ne Blend
1832:"The Wine Industry of Australia 1788 1979"
2926:Windows of the World Complete Wine Course
2777:
2763:. London: Websters/Time Warner Books UK.
1772:
1770:
1768:
1601:
2952:
2865:McCarthy, Ed, and Ewing-Mulligan, Mary.
2842:James Halliday's Wine Atlas of Australia
2836:
2796:
2617:
2248:
2138:
2134:
2132:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
1932:
1865:
1656:Johnson, Hugh; Robinson, Jancis (2007).
906:
849:
774:
762:
320:. The country has no native grapes, and
275:
136:
128:
89:. The major varieties are predominantly
20:
3930:Clarification and stabilization of wine
2368:"Wine Grape market study: Final Report"
2035:
2033:
767:Grapevines at Russet Ridge Winery near
395:List of Australian wine grape varieties
5478:
4531:
2873:Osmond, Robert; Anderson, Kym (1998).
2755:
2671:
2401:Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation
2213:
2039:
2014:
1984:
1982:
1902:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1765:
1680:
1595:
1350:
4505:
4019:
3733:
2970:
2951:
2897:
2129:
2087:
1967:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1958:
1829:
1776:
1546:"Australian Wine Industry Statistics"
845:
2561:"Wine Australia: Directions to 2025"
2504:Wine Export Approval Report Excerpts
2210:, Madeline Puckette, 4 December 2013
2108:
2030:
1933:Williams, David (16 February 2020).
1606:(4th ed.), Dorling Kindersley,
4045:
2869:. Foster City, CA: IDG Books, 1995.
2862:. Philadelphia: Running Pres, 2003.
2407:from the original on 19 August 2006
1988:
1979:
1913:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1870:. London: Allen Lane. p. 265.
1854:
1842:from the original on 28 August 2006
1526:from the original on 18 August 2010
13:
2453:"Western Australia's Wine Regions"
1660:(6th ed.). Mitchell Beazley.
1396:Australia's First Families of Wine
1386:Australian Wine Research Institute
987:Southern Eyre and Yorke Peninsulas
271:
14:
5512:
3014:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
2936:
2714:
1417:National Wine Centre of Australia
1294:
3993:
3701:
2455:. Wine Australia. Archived from
2429:. Wine Australia. Archived from
1454:
1442:
1315:
1303:
787:Australia's most famous wine is
2708:
2665:
2651:
2626:
2611:
2552:
2515:
2496:
2471:
2419:
2389:
2360:
2233:
2197:
2183:
2062:
2015:Hobson, Peter (11 March 2024).
2008:
1896:
1823:
1810:
1729:
1604:The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia
838:operations or were privatised.
3759:
2802:The Australian Wine Compendium
2778:Forrestal, Peter, ed. (1999).
2171:"The Oxford Companion to Wine"
2145:. Hardie Grant Books. p.
1989:Mao, Frances (28 March 2024).
1699:
1674:
1649:
1619:
1538:
1507:
1137:Western Australia wine regions
1:
3956:Glossary of viticulture terms
2686:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32412-7
2265:"news - Langton's Fine Wines"
1959:Adams, Prue (21 March 2020).
1903:Haxton, Nance (5 June 2006).
1820:, Hospitality Books, NSW 2002
1467:
758:
696:
3961:Glossary of winemaking terms
2780:Discover Australia: Wineries
2521:U.S. Department of Commerce
1891:Osmond & Anderson (1998)
1805:Osmond & Anderson (1998)
1091:New South Wales wine regions
924:South Australia wine regions
7:
2749:(London), 16 December 1999
2524:"U.S. Wine Industry – 2008"
2044:Cook's Encyclopedia of Wine
1866:Phillips, Roderick (2000).
1366:
805:has called Grange the only
783:in the Riverina wine region
566:
399:
10:
5517:
3881:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
2921:. NY: HarperCollins, 2000.
2738:
1685:(6th ed.). Harcourt.
1339:to the crucial US market.
857:
771:in the Wrattonbully region
259:Adelaide Hills wine region
124:
5430:
5328:
5198:
5189:
5080:
5071:
5018:
4894:Intelligence and security
4820:
4811:
4779:
4684:
4675:
4610:
4552:
4543:
4453:
4432:
4406:
4215:
4104:
4053:
3989:
3971:History of the wine press
3938:
3922:
3894:
3861:Sparkling wine production
3846:
3828:
3795:
3767:
3695:
3634:
3596:
3491:
3468:
3351:
3238:
3226:
3119:
3047:
3004:
2964:
2221:Vines, Grapes & Wines
2142:Australian Wine Companion
2112:Australian Wine Companion
1818:The Australian Wine Guide
1779:Australian Wine Companion
1401:Good Food & Wine Show
1164:South Western Australia:
25:The wine shelf at Saltbox
5496:Agriculture in Australia
3966:Wine tasting descriptors
3687:Wine tasting descriptors
3616:Phenolic content in wine
3508:Alternative wine closure
3092:Great French Wine Blight
2996:
2894:(Sydney), December 2007.
2822:Halliday, James (1994).
2139:Halliday, James (2008).
1374:Agriculture in Australia
16:Wine making in Australia
3856:Malolactic fermentation
2919:A Short History of Wine
2905:. London: Paul Hamlyn.
2040:Walton, Stuart (2005).
1868:A short history of wine
1658:The World Atlas of Wine
1602:Stevenson, Tom (2005),
1063:Strathbogie Wine Region
779:McWilliams winery near
5288:Indigenous Australians
4789:States and territories
4238:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2745:The globe in a glass.
2223:Mitchell Beazley 1986
1830:Walsh, Gerald (1979).
916:
866:geographic indications
855:
784:
772:
281:
280:A vineyard in Tasmania
251:Black Summer bushfires
142:
134:
26:
4582:Territorial evolution
3657:Wine and food pairing
2928:. NY: Sterling, 2005.
2806:Angus & Robertson
2589:"Wine Industry India"
2509:21 April 2012 at the
2242:(16 December 1999 ).
1239:Tasmania wine regions
1083:Glenrowan wine region
1038:Heathcote wine region
1005:Victoria wine regions
910:
881:South Australian wine
853:
778:
766:
737:Tablas Creek Vineyard
568:White grapes planted
279:
140:
132:
24:
5028:Cabinet of Australia
5003:Government ministers
4771:World Heritage Sites
4577:European exploration
3308:Muscat of Alexandria
2860:Making Sense of Wine
2599:on 11 September 2015
2244:The globe in a glass
1048:Mornington Peninsula
729:Southern RhĂ´ne wines
152:were brought to the
5100:Gross state product
3886:Yeast in winemaking
3838:Carbonic maceration
2804:. North Ryde, NSW:
2483:Winetasmania.com.au
2348:on 27 December 2014
2074:www.winetourism.com
1681:Clarke, Oz (2002).
1351:Government spending
733:Châteauneuf-du-Pape
569:
446:Cabernet Sauvignon
402:
401:Red grapes planted
5418:Australian studies
5353:Australian English
5162:Telecommunications
4998:Government leaders
4941:Political ideology
3876:Traditional method
3677:Wine personalities
3381:Cabernet Sauvignon
2899:Simon, André Louis
2573:on 29 August 2007.
2303:Jancisrobinson.com
1777:Clark, Oz (2004).
1637:on 23 October 2010
1124:Southern Highlands
917:
915:in South Australia
856:
846:Major wine regions
785:
773:
567:
400:
298:Cabernet Sauvignon
282:
143:
135:
95:Cabernet Sauvignon
36:Australian economy
27:
5491:Australian drinks
5473:
5472:
5426:
5425:
5248:Human trafficking
5185:
5184:
5067:
5066:
4867:Foreign relations
4807:
4806:
4671:
4670:
4618:Asian Australians
4499:
4498:
4013:
4012:
4007:
4006:
3777:Late harvest wine
3727:
3726:
3464:
3463:
3361:Alicante Bouschet
3109:Judgment of Paris
2427:"South Australia"
2219:Robinson, Jancis
2169:J. Robinson (ed)
2156:978-1-74066-515-5
2122:978-1-74066-754-8
2115:(2010 ed.).
2109:Halliday, James.
1711:wineaustralia.com
1667:978-1-84533-414-7
1631:Wineaustralia.com
1556:on 21 August 2010
1489:wineaustralia.com
1261:Coal River Valley
977:Southern Fleurieu
692:
691:
565:
564:
201:South Australia's
150:Cape of Good Hope
63:Western Australia
43:Norfolk Islanders
5508:
5453:
5446:
5439:
5315:Waste management
5196:
5195:
5117:Household income
5078:
5077:
5040:Governor-General
4850:Electoral system
4818:
4817:
4682:
4681:
4550:
4549:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4503:
4502:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4017:
4016:
3998:
3997:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3731:
3730:
3706:
3705:
3621:Proteins in wine
3288:GrĂĽner Veltliner
3236:
3235:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2968:
2967:
2949:
2948:
2914:
2888:
2855:
2819:
2793:
2774:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2595:. Archived from
2585:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2572:
2566:. Archived from
2565:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2535:
2529:. Archived from
2528:
2519:
2513:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2377:. September 2019
2372:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2344:. Archived from
2334:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2305:. Archived from
2295:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2261:
2246:
2237:
2231:
2217:
2211:
2201:
2195:
2190:Wine Enthusiast,
2187:
2181:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2136:
2127:
2126:
2106:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2047:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1986:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1863:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1827:
1821:
1816:Hartley, Clive,
1814:
1808:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1774:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1753:on 19 March 2015
1752:
1741:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1717:on 11 April 2020
1703:
1697:
1696:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1633:. Archived from
1627:"Wine Australia"
1623:
1617:
1616:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1578:Wine For Dummies
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1552:. Archived from
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1495:on 11 April 2020
1481:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1447:
1446:
1438:
1319:
1307:
1170:Blackwood Valley
1129:Shoalhaven Coast
633:Sauvignon blanc
570:
403:
230:industry of the
177:Gregory Blaxland
162:Governor Phillip
5516:
5515:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5501:Wine by country
5486:Australian wine
5476:
5475:
5474:
5469:
5456:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5422:
5383:Public holidays
5324:
5268:Life expectancy
5181:
5063:
5014:
4803:
4775:
4761:Protected areas
4667:
4606:
4539:
4530:
4500:
4495:
4449:
4428:
4402:
4328:North Macedonia
4211:
4100:
4049:
4047:Wine by country
4044:
4014:
4009:
4008:
4003:
4000:Wine portal
3992:
3985:
3976:History of wine
3934:
3918:
3890:
3842:
3824:
3805:Deacidification
3791:
3763:
3758:
3728:
3723:
3708:Wine portal
3700:
3691:
3630:
3592:
3497:
3487:
3460:
3347:
3328:Sauvignon blanc
3263:Cayetana blanca
3231:
3229:grape varieties
3222:
3115:
3043:
3000:
2995:
2960:
2939:
2933:
2931:
2917:Phillips, Rod.
2885:
2852:
2838:Halliday, James
2816:
2798:Halliday, James
2790:
2771:
2741:
2736:
2735:
2725:
2723:
2713:
2709:
2680:(10177): 1200.
2670:
2666:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2642:
2640:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2616:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2563:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2539:
2537:
2536:on 3 March 2016
2533:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2511:Wayback Machine
2501:
2497:
2487:
2485:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2462:
2460:
2459:on 13 July 2014
2451:
2450:
2446:
2436:
2434:
2433:on 9 April 2011
2425:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2380:
2378:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2351:
2349:
2336:
2335:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2297:
2296:
2283:
2273:
2271:
2269:Langtons.com.au
2263:
2262:
2249:
2238:
2234:
2218:
2214:
2202:
2198:
2188:
2184:
2168:
2164:
2157:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2107:
2088:
2078:
2076:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2056:
2038:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2013:
2009:
1999:
1997:
1987:
1980:
1970:
1968:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1941:
1931:
1927:
1917:
1915:
1901:
1897:
1889:
1885:
1878:
1864:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1828:
1824:
1815:
1811:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1775:
1766:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1720:
1718:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1693:
1679:
1675:
1668:
1654:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1600:
1596:
1589:
1581:. For Dummies.
1573:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1529:
1527:
1512:
1508:
1498:
1496:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1455:
1453:
1441:
1433:
1431:
1369:
1353:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1297:
1292:
1280:Queensland wine
1276:
1235:
1221:Frankland River
1192:
1162:
1142:Greater Perth:
1133:
1087:
1028:Goulburn Valley
1001:
997:Kangaroo Island
957:Langhorne Creek
862:
848:
819:Clarendon Hills
817:Hill of Grace,
789:Penfolds Grange
761:
699:
398:
310:Sauvignon blanc
286:grape varieties
274:
272:Grape varieties
227:Château Margaux
195:emigrants from
158:New South Wales
127:
119:Sauvignon blanc
55:New South Wales
51:South Australia
31:Australian wine
17:
12:
11:
5:
5514:
5504:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5462:
5455:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5432:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5334:
5332:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5199:
5193:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5177:Welfare system
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5152:Superannuation
5149:
5147:Stock exchange
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5113:
5112:
5110:Public housing
5105:Home ownership
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5081:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5061:
5060:
5059:
5052:Prime Minister
5049:
5048:
5047:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5024:
5022:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5012:
5010:Shadow Cabinet
5007:
5006:
5005:
5000:
4990:
4988:Public Service
4985:
4984:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4917:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4896:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4869:
4864:
4862:Federal budget
4859:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4785:
4783:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4717:
4716:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4694:Climate change
4691:
4685:
4679:
4673:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4623:Constitutional
4620:
4614:
4612:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4553:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4529:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4506:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4442:
4436:
4434:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4398:United Kingdom
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4258:Czech Republic
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4050:
4043:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4020:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4004:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3942:
3940:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3900:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3866:Sugars in wine
3863:
3858:
3852:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3834:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3815:Chaptalization
3812:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3773:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3757:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3734:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3642:Classification
3638:
3636:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3626:Sugars in wine
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3602:
3600:
3598:Wine chemistry
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3573:Wine dispenser
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
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2943:Wine Australia
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2937:External links
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2929:
2924:Zraly, Kevin.
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2858:Kramer, Matt.
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937:Barossa Valley
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1869:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1813:
1806:
1801:
1799:
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1788:0-316-72874-8
1784:
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1613:0-7566-1324-8
1609:
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1588:0-470-04579-5
1584:
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1410:
1408:(wine critic)
1407:
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1336:exchange rate
1331:
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1125:
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1120:
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1102:
1100:
1099:Hunter Valley
1097:
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839:
836:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:Robert Parker
808:
804:
800:
799:
794:
793:Wine Olympics
790:
782:
777:
770:
765:
756:
754:
748:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
723:
719:
716:(Syrah), and
715:
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694:
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664:
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621:
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595:
592:
591:
588:Area Ha (08)
587:
585:Area Ha (07)
584:
582:Area Ha (06)
581:
579:Area Ha (05)
578:
576:Area Ha (04)
575:
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571:
560:
557:
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551:
548:
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537:
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531:
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440:
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431:
428:
425:
424:
421:Area Ha (08)
420:
418:Area Ha (07)
417:
415:Area Ha (06)
414:
412:Area Ha (05)
411:
409:Area Ha (04)
408:
405:
404:
396:
391:
389:
384:
379:
377:
373:
372:Fiano (grape)
369:
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146:Vine cuttings
139:
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116:
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108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:differences,
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
44:
39:
37:
32:
23:
19:
5451:Bibliography
5338:Architecture
5295:Prostitution
5278:Demographics
5243:Homelessness
5142:Reserve Bank
4956:Conservatism
4904:Constitution
4872:Human rights
4830:Constitution
4781:Subdivisions
4562:Bibliography
4439:
4086:South Africa
3991:
3848:Fermentation
3699:
3682:Wine tasting
3303:Muscat blanc
3273:Chenin blanc
3070:Ancient Rome
2932:
2925:
2918:
2902:
2874:
2866:
2859:
2841:
2823:
2801:
2779:
2760:
2746:
2724:. Retrieved
2721:www.csiro.au
2720:
2710:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2653:
2641:. Retrieved
2637:
2628:
2619:
2613:
2601:. Retrieved
2597:the original
2592:
2583:
2568:the original
2554:
2538:. Retrieved
2531:the original
2517:
2498:
2486:. Retrieved
2482:
2473:
2461:. Retrieved
2457:the original
2447:
2435:. Retrieved
2431:the original
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2391:
2379:. Retrieved
2374:
2362:
2350:. Retrieved
2346:the original
2341:
2311:. Retrieved
2307:the original
2302:
2272:. Retrieved
2268:
2239:
2235:
2220:
2215:
2203:
2199:
2189:
2185:
2170:
2165:
2141:
2111:
2077:. Retrieved
2073:
2064:
2043:
2020:. Retrieved
2010:
1998:. Retrieved
1994:
1969:. Retrieved
1964:
1954:
1942:. Retrieved
1939:The Guardian
1938:
1928:
1916:. Retrieved
1908:
1898:
1893:, p. 1.
1886:
1867:
1844:. Retrieved
1835:
1825:
1817:
1812:
1807:, p. 4.
1778:
1755:. Retrieved
1748:the original
1743:
1731:
1719:. Retrieved
1715:the original
1710:
1701:
1682:
1676:
1657:
1651:
1639:. Retrieved
1635:the original
1630:
1621:
1603:
1597:
1577:
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1554:the original
1549:
1540:
1528:. Retrieved
1519:
1509:
1497:. Retrieved
1493:the original
1488:
1378:
1354:
1345:
1341:
1332:
1328:
1288:Granite Belt
1266:Pipers River
1247:Tamar Valley
1226:Mount Barker
1163:
1141:
1068:Yarra Valley
982:Wrattonbully
962:McLaren Vale
942:Clare Valley
918:
894:Granite Belt
889:Tamar Valley
878:
874:Lower Murray
865:
863:
840:
831:
807:First Growth
803:Hugh Johnson
796:
786:
749:
731:, including
726:
721:
701:
700:
693:
673:Other White
380:
344:Pinot grigio
340:Petit Verdot
336:
321:
283:
267:
263:
248:
240:
236:
215:
212:
190:was sent to
185:
170:
154:penal colony
144:
47:
40:
30:
28:
18:
5413:Anglosphere
5253:Immigration
5218:Citizenship
5085:Agriculture
4971:Nationalism
4914:Enforcement
4887:Transgender
4721:Earthquakes
4709:Environment
4643:Immigration
4572:Archaeology
4445:New Zealand
4388:Switzerland
4333:Netherlands
4182:Philippines
3951:Wine bottle
3923:Other steps
3914:Wine cellar
3871:SĂĽssreserve
3563:Wine cellar
3553:Wine bottle
3494:accessories
3492:Packaging,
3451:Tempranillo
3080:Noah's wine
3060:Phoenicians
3006:Viticulture
2540:11 December
2463:25 November
2411:5 September
1995:Yahoo! News
1846:8 September
1530:6 September
1255:Huon Valley
1158:Swan Valley
1148:Perth Hills
1119:New England
1073:King Valley
952:Eden Valley
870:state names
835:Yellow Tail
593:Chardonnay
486:Pinot noir
388:Matt Kramer
352:Tempranillo
255:smoke taint
249:During the
208:Switzerland
181:James Busby
166:First Fleet
5480:Categories
5403:Television
5373:Literature
5258:Irreligion
5238:Healthcare
5233:Euthanasia
5213:Censorship
5020:Government
4966:Liberalism
4936:Parliament
4648:Indigenous
4638:Federation
4628:Diplomatic
4602:Since 1945
4567:Prehistory
4358:San Marino
4323:Montenegro
4308:Luxembourg
4162:Kazakhstan
4122:Azerbaijan
3830:Maceration
3820:Wine press
3810:Destemming
3761:Winemaking
3667:Wine fraud
3662:Wine fault
3647:Oenophilia
3583:Wine label
3578:Wine glass
3543:Port tongs
3441:Sangiovese
3436:Pinot noir
3396:Douce noir
3323:Rkatsiteli
3268:Chardonnay
3258:Catarratto
3232:by acreage
3206:Biodynamic
3169:Aromatized
2958:winemaking
2884:0863964494
2832:1875130160
2815:0207151377
2789:0091837898
2770:0316728748
2757:Clarke, Oz
2674:The Lancet
2638:Al Jazeera
2603:10 January
2204:Wine Folly
2079:31 October
1641:22 October
1560:22 October
1468:References
1427:Winemaking
1406:Huon Hooke
1273:North West
1270:East Coast
1231:Porongurup
1058:Rutherglen
1018:Beechworth
947:Coonawarra
902:Ballandean
898:Stanthorpe
858:See also:
825:Dead Arm,
823:D'Arenberg
821:Astralis,
769:Naracoorte
759:Production
697:GSM blends
546:Other Red
526:Mourvedre
348:Sangiovese
306:Chardonnay
294:Pinot noir
234:epidemic.
232:phylloxera
219:provenance
173:winemaking
111:Pinot noir
99:Chardonnay
87:soil types
83:topography
71:Queensland
5310:Squatting
5263:Languages
5228:Education
5208:Aged care
5172:Transport
4981:Socialism
4961:Far-right
4951:Christian
4946:Anarchism
4909:Judiciary
4845:Donations
4840:Elections
4751:Mountains
4699:Continent
4677:Geography
4597:1901–1945
4592:1851–1900
4587:1788–1850
4533:Australia
4461:Argentina
4440:Australia
4177:Palestine
3782:Noble rot
3672:Winemaker
3652:Sommelier
3588:Wine rack
3568:Wine cork
3558:Wine cave
3548:Screw cap
3518:Corkscrew
3483:New World
3478:Old World
3456:Zinfandel
3431:Mourvèdre
3338:Trebbiano
3278:Colombard
3179:Noble rot
3159:Fortified
3137:Sparkling
3104:New World
2694:0140-6736
2488:5 October
2352:5 October
2313:5 October
2274:5 October
1918:27 August
1836:Wine Talk
1744:Table 7.1
1461:Australia
1347:tariffs.
1257:/ Channel
1189:Pemberton
1175:Geographe
1033:Grampians
1023:Gippsland
972:Riverland
967:Padthaway
745:Catalonia
718:Mourvèdre
653:Riesling
613:SĂ©millon
506:Grenache
244:Cleanskin
148:from the
77:such as:
5460:Category
5305:Religion
5203:Abortion
5157:Taxation
4926:Monarchy
4921:Military
4877:Intersex
4813:Politics
4794:Capitals
4658:Monarchy
4653:Military
4633:Economic
4611:By topic
4557:Timeline
4537:articles
4481:Paraguay
4373:Slovenia
4368:Slovakia
4343:Portugal
4243:Bulgaria
4197:Thailand
4112:Abkhazia
4091:Tanzania
4071:Ethiopia
3797:Pressing
3719:Glossary
3635:Industry
3528:Jug wine
3523:Decanter
3513:Box wine
3411:Isabella
3406:Grenache
3386:Carignan
3333:SĂ©millon
3318:Riesling
3313:Palomino
3056:Ancient
3039:Vineyard
3034:Veraison
3019:Oenology
2911:52512515
2901:(1966).
2840:(2008).
2800:(1985).
2759:(2004).
2726:23 March
2702:30910297
2507:Archived
2405:Archived
2403:. 2003.
2381:11 April
2022:11 March
2000:28 March
1971:15 April
1965:ABC News
1944:15 April
1840:Archived
1721:11 April
1524:Archived
1499:11 April
1367:See also
1180:Manjimup
1114:Riverina
1053:Pyrenees
827:Torbreck
815:Henschke
781:Griffith
710:Grenache
376:Viognier
356:Nebbiolo
332:Tarrango
318:Riesling
314:SĂ©millon
115:Riesling
107:Semillon
79:climatic
67:Tasmania
59:Victoria
5437:Outline
5408:Theatre
5398:Symbols
5363:Cuisine
5330:Culture
5191:Society
5167:Tourism
5137:Poverty
5073:Economy
4855:Parties
4756:Regions
4746:Islands
4741:Geology
4736:Forests
4704:Deserts
4689:Climate
4663:Railway
4545:History
4491:Uruguay
4466:Bolivia
4433:Oceania
4393:Ukraine
4348:Romania
4318:Moldova
4293:Ireland
4288:Hungary
4278:Germany
4273:Georgia
4263:Denmark
4248:Croatia
4233:Belgium
4228:Austria
4223:Albania
4207:Vietnam
4167:Lebanon
4117:Armenia
4096:Tunisia
4081:Namibia
4076:Morocco
4061:Algeria
3981:Terroir
3939:Related
3787:Vintage
3769:Harvest
3714:Outline
3538:Muselet
3500:storage
3391:Cinsaut
3366:Barbera
3293:Macabeo
3253:Aligoté
3211:Organic
3201:Natural
3154:Dessert
3099:Georgia
3049:History
3029:Terroir
3024:Species
2739:Sources
2715:CSIRO.
2643:5 April
2437:24 June
1435:Portals
1216:Denmark
1078:Bendigo
753:tannins
741:Priorat
688:23,109
685:24,303
682:17,683
679:23,365
676:23,925
608:31,564
605:32,151
602:31,219
599:30,507
596:28,008
561:10,902
558:11,309
552:10,797
549:11,235
481:10,764
478:10,790
475:10,593
472:10,816
469:10,804
466:Merlot
461:27,553
458:27,909
455:28,103
452:28,621
449:29,313
441:43,977
438:43,417
435:41,115
432:40,508
429:39,182
426:Shiraz
364:Barbera
197:Prussia
164:on the
125:History
75:Terroir
5465:Portal
5358:Cinema
5300:Racism
5273:People
5132:Mining
5095:Energy
5090:Dollar
4835:Courts
4825:Asylum
4799:Cities
4766:Rivers
4714:issues
4535:
4471:Brazil
4419:Mexico
4414:Canada
4383:Sweden
4363:Serbia
4353:Russia
4338:Poland
4283:Greece
4268:France
4253:Cyprus
4216:Europe
4202:Turkey
4192:Taiwan
4157:Jordan
4147:Israel
4127:Bhutan
4054:Africa
3946:Winery
3909:Solera
3533:Kvevri
3421:Merlot
3416:Malbec
3216:Kosher
3192:Other
3147:Orange
3120:Styles
3087:France
2909:
2881:
2848:
2830:
2812:
2786:
2767:
2700:
2692:
2575:
2546:
2227:
2177:
2153:
2119:
2052:
1874:
1785:
1757:22 May
1689:
1664:
1610:
1585:
1207:Albany
1109:Orange
1104:Mudgee
714:Shiraz
668:4,400
665:4,432
662:4,400
659:4,326
656:4,255
648:6,404
645:5,545
642:4,661
639:4,152
636:3,425
628:6,716
625:6,752
622:6,236
619:6,282
616:6,278
573:Grape
555:7,002
529:1,040
521:2,011
518:2,011
515:2,025
512:2,097
509:2,292
501:4,490
498:4,393
495:4,254
492:4,231
489:4,424
406:Grape
383:canopy
368:Arneis
360:Malbec
328:Cienna
316:, and
302:Merlot
290:Shiraz
284:Major
257:. The
117:, and
103:Merlot
91:Shiraz
5444:Index
5393:Sport
5388:Radio
5378:Music
5368:Dance
5320:Women
5223:Crime
5127:Media
4993:Women
4731:Fauna
4726:Flora
4476:Chile
4378:Spain
4313:Malta
4298:Italy
4187:Syria
4172:Nepal
4152:Japan
4137:India
4132:China
4066:Egypt
3896:Aging
3446:Syrah
3401:Gamay
3371:Bobal
3283:Glera
3248:Airén
3240:White
3196:Table
3184:Straw
3174:Fruit
3132:White
3075:China
2954:Wines
2622:: 16.
2571:(PDF)
2564:(PDF)
2534:(PDF)
2527:(PDF)
2371:(PDF)
2193:G-S-M
1751:(PDF)
1740:(PDF)
1357:CSIRO
1043:Henty
706:blend
393:(See
223:Syrah
5348:Arts
5057:list
5045:list
5033:list
4882:LGBT
4486:Peru
4142:Iran
4105:Asia
3498:and
3227:Top
3142:Rosé
2998:Wine
2956:and
2907:OCLC
2879:ISBN
2846:ISBN
2828:ISBN
2810:ISBN
2784:ISBN
2765:ISBN
2728:2019
2698:PMID
2690:ISSN
2645:2024
2605:2011
2542:2008
2490:2018
2465:2010
2439:2011
2413:2006
2383:2020
2354:2018
2315:2018
2276:2018
2225:ISBN
2175:ISBN
2151:ISBN
2117:ISBN
2081:2022
2050:ISBN
2024:2024
2002:2024
1973:2020
1946:2020
1920:2006
1872:ISBN
1848:2006
1838:. .
1783:ISBN
1759:2012
1723:2020
1687:ISBN
1662:ISBN
1643:2010
1608:ISBN
1583:ISBN
1562:2010
1532:2010
1501:2020
1449:Wine
1359:and
1153:Peel
911:The
900:and
879:The
743:(in
541:785
538:794
535:875
532:963
374:and
330:and
288:are
85:and
69:and
29:The
5343:Art
4899:Law
3904:Oak
3353:Red
3164:Ice
3127:Red
2682:doi
2678:393
722:SGM
708:of
702:GSM
160:by
156:of
5482::
2808:.
2719:.
2696:.
2688:.
2676:.
2636:.
2591:.
2481:.
2399:.
2373:.
2340:.
2323:^
2301:.
2284:^
2267:.
2250:^
2206:,
2149:.
2147:45
2131:^
2089:^
2072:.
2032:^
1993:.
1981:^
1963:.
1937:.
1911:.
1909:PM
1907:.
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