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Bridgeport, and Newark in a traveling show organized by John Sloan. Reviews were mixed, but interest was high. ("Big
Sensation at the Art Museum, Visitors Join Throng Museum and Join Hot Discussion," one Ohio newspaper noted.) As art historian Judith Zilczer summarized the venture, "In taking their art directly to the American public, The Eight demonstrated that cultural provincialism in the United States was less pervasive than contemporary and subsequent accounts of the period had inferred." Sales and exhibition opportunities for these painters increased significantly in the ensuing years.
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407:– painted in a very different style, and the exhibition that brought "The Eight" to national attention took place in 1908, several years after the beginning of the Ashcan style. However, the attention accorded the group's well-publicized exhibition at the Macbeth Galleries in New York 1908 was such that Ashcan art gained wider exposure and greater sales and critical attention than it had known before.
162:, in some ways the spiritual father of this school, "wanted art to be akin to journalism... he wanted paint to be as real as mud, as the clods of horse-shit and snow, that froze on Broadway in the winter." He urged his younger friends and students to paint in the robust, unfettered, ungenteel spirit of his favorite poet,
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at a point at which the artists had already been working together for several years. They were amused by the reference and the name soon lost its negative connotations. The Ashcan School of artists had also been known as "The
Apostles of Ugliness". The term Ashcan School was originally applied in
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The Ashcan School was not an organized movement. The artists who worked in this style did not issue manifestos or even see themselves as a unified group with identical intentions or career goals. Some of the artists were politically minded, and others were apolitical. Their unity consisted of a
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and to broadcast the need for wider opportunities to display new art of a more diverse, adventurous quality than the
Academy generally permitted. When the exhibition closed in New York, where it attracted considerable attention, it toured Chicago, Toledo, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, Pittsburgh,
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208:. Several Ashcan School painters derived from the area of print publication at a time before photography replaced hand-drawn illustrations in newspapers. They were involved in journalistic pictorial reportage before concentrating their energies on painting.
381:, Henri and his circle began to appear tame to a younger generation. Their rebellion was over not long after it began. It was the fate of the Ashcan realists to be seen by many art lovers as too radical in 1910 and, by many more, as old-fashioned by 1920.
260:. (Despite his inclusion in the group by some critics, Hopper rejected their focus and never embraced the label; his depictions of city streets were painted in a different spirit, "with not a single incidental ashcan in sight.") Photographers like
166:, and to be unafraid of offending contemporary taste. He believed that working-class and middle-class urban settings would provide better material for modern painters than drawing rooms and salons. Having been to Paris and admired the works of
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and with a determination to create a type of art that engaged with life. He attempted to imbue several other artists with this passion. The school has even been referred to as "the revolutionary black gang", a reference to the artists' dark
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derision. The school is not so much known for innovations in technique but more for its subject matter. Common subjects were prostitutes and street urchins. The work of the Ashcan painters links them to such documentary photographers as
358:). It was their frequent, although not exclusive, focus upon poverty and the gritty realities of urban life that prompted some critics and curators to consider them too unsettling for mainstream audiences and collections.
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and academic realism, the two most respected and commercially successful styles in the US at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. In contrast to the highly polished work of artists like
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The Ashcan school is sometimes linked to the group known as "The Eight", though in fact only five members of that group (Henri, Sloan, Glackens, Luks, and Shinn) were Ashcan artists. The other three –
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in March 1916 by the cartoonist Art Young, alleging that there were too many "pictures of ashcans and girls hitching up their skirts on
Horatio Street." That particular reference was published in
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were also discussed as Ashcan artists. Like many art-historical terms, "Ashcan art" has sometimes been applied to so many different artists that its meaning has become diluted.
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once proclaimed "I can paint with a shoestring dipped in pitch and lard." In the mid-1890s Robert Henri returned to
Philadelphia from Paris very unimpressed by the work of the
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was finding its audience and the muckraking journalists were calling attention to slum conditions. The first known use of the term "ash can art" is credited to artist
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170:, Henri also urged his students to ‘’paint the everyday world in America just as it had been done in France.’’ By 1904, all of the artists relocated to New York.
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desire to tell certain truths about the city and modern life they felt had been ignored by the suffocating influence of the
Genteel Tradition in the visual arts.
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296:, Ashcan works were generally darker in tone and more roughly painted. Many captured the harsher moments of modern life, portraying street kids (e.g., Henri's
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124:, was also a part of the Ashcan School. She was friends with many of its better-known members, including Sloan with whom she co-founded the
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Many of the most famous Ashcan works were painted in the first decade of the century at the same time in which the realist fiction of
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in 1916. The term by that time was applied to a large number of painters beyond the original "Philadelphia Five," including
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The
Macbeth Galleries exhibition was held to protest the restrictive exhibition policies of the powerful, conservative
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221:. The group was subject to attacks in the press and one of their earliest exhibitions, in 1908 at New York's
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during the late 19th-early 20th century that produced works portraying scenes of daily life in
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116:; others met in the newspaper offices of Philadelphia where they worked as illustrators.
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653:. Bellows was a close associate of the Ashcan school and had studied under Robert Henri.
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61:, gift of Helen Farr Sloan, 1970. John Sloan was a leading member of the Ashcan School.
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Documenting the Gilded Age: New York City
Exhibitions at the Turn of the 20th Century
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672:, 1888, (photo), considered the most crime-ridden, dangerous part of New York City.
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Ashcan School artists and friends at John French Sloan's
Philadelphia Studio, 1898
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William
Glackens and the Ashcan School: The Emergence of Realism in American Art.
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reference to other "schools of art". (For examples of other "schools of art" see
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189:.) Its origin is in a complaint found in a radical socialist publication called
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of 1913 and the opening of more galleries in the 1910s promoting the work of
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108:(1876–1953). Some of them met studying together under the renowned realist
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spelled the end of the Ashcan school's provocative reputation. With the
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Revolutionaries of Realism: The Letters of John Sloan and Robert Henri.
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project. Exhibition catalogs, checklists, and photoarchive material.
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Art in the modern era: A guide to styles, schools, & movements
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1988:
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374:
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Women of the Far Right: The Mothers' Movement and World War II
2333:
4185:
2987:
920:"The Aschcan School, The Eight, and the New York Art World"
1087:"The Ashcan School, The Eight, and the New York Art World"
963:"Ashcan Views of New Yorkers, Warts, High Spirits and All"
4176:
Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
1216:
Perlman, Bennard (ed.), introduction by Mrs. John Sloan.
1136:
American Painting from the Armory Show to the Depression.
271:
The artists of the Ashcan School rebelled against both
384:
4347:
1183:
American Visions: The Epic Story of Art in America.
883:
BBC-TV series (ep.5 - "The Wave From The Atlantic")
985:
4383:
832:. First Art Museum. 13 July 2007. Archived from
432:Ashcan School artists, c. 1896, left to right,
131:The movement, which took some inspiration from
846:
1265:
1220:Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.
917:
840:
85:, often in the city's poorer neighborhoods.
1199:Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.
960:
88:The artists working in this style included
1272:
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1062:(New York: Henry Holt, 1997), pp. 218–219
1011:
1009:
1007:
956:
954:
352:), and wrestlers on the mat (e.g., Luks'
144:
1073:Silent Theater: The Art of Edward Hopper
338:), boisterous theaters (e.g., Glackens'
148:
29:
1190:Modern American Painting and Sculpture.
256:, Eugene Higgins, Carl Springchorn and
122:Philadelphia School of Design for Women
14:
4384:
3953:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art
1047:Modern American Painting and Sculpture
1004:
979:
951:
4402:Cultural history of the United States
1973:Art of the late 16th century in Milan
1253:
1117:Judith Zilczer, "The Eight on Tour,"
1084:
328:), crowded tenements (e.g., Bellows'
114:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
1245:University of Michigan Museum of Art
945:"The Ashcan School, an introduction"
460:The Farmer and His Son at Harvesting
334:), washing hung out to dry (Shinn's
326:Sixth Avenue Elevated After Midnight
346:), bloodied boxers (e.g., Bellows'
316:), indecorous animals (e.g., Luks'
24:
3308:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
2159:Neoclassical architecture in Milan
1197:The Eight and American Modernisms.
942:
43:, 1890, oil on window shade, 14 ×
25:
4418:
3382:American Figurative Expressionism
1718:International Gothic art in Italy
1235:New York Art Resources Consortium
1224:
1154:George Bellows and Urban America.
1089:. The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
1075:(London/New York: Phaidon, 2007).
1022:, Abrams, 2002. (U.S. edition of
988:The Encyclopedia of New York City
4369:
4357:
4332:
4331:
2891:Neue Künstlervereinigung München
776:
751:
727:
702:
677:
658:
635:
629:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
611:
587:
563:
538:
515:
493:
467:
448:
425:
3813:Tunisian collaborative painting
3286:International Typographic Style
1121:16, no. 3 (Summer 1984), p. 38.
1111:
1102:
1093:
1078:
1065:
1052:
1036:
990:. Yale University. p. 60.
3566:The Caribbean Artists Movement
1206:. New York: Henry Holt, 1997.
1049:(New York: Dell, 1959), 28–40.
936:
911:
886:
871:
847:Glen Jeansonne (9 June 1997).
822:
792:Whitney Museum of American Art
721:Whitney Museum of American Art
363:modernism in the United States
304:), prostitutes (e.g., Sloan's
179:Category:Italian art movements
173:The name "Ashcan school" is a
126:Society of Independent Artists
13:
1:
1922:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
1204:John Sloan: Painter and Rebel
1147:John Sloan: A Painter's Life.
1085:Yount, Sylvia (26 May 2015).
1060:John Sloan: Painter and Rebel
1024:Styles, Schools and Movements
391:Robert Henri § The Eight
4037:Modern European ink painting
3409:Bay Area Figurative Movement
1172:Robert Henri and His Circle.
550:Italo-American Celebration,
7:
3698:Artificial intelligence art
1241:Collection: "Ashcan School"
918:Sylvia Yount (2015-05-26).
855:University of Chicago Press
798:
312:), alcoholics (e.g., Luks'
10:
4423:
3611:Post-painterly abstraction
3434:Situationist International
2808:Pennsylvania Impressionism
1195:Kennedy, Elizabeth (ed.).
1140:Princeton University Press
1128:
1099:Loughery, p. 127, 134–140.
986:Kennet T. Jackson (1995).
961:Ken Johnson (2007-12-28).
924:Metropolitan Museum of Art
830:"Ashcan School Exhibition"
557:Boston Museum of Fine Arts
418:
412:National Academy of Design
388:
324:), subways (e.g., Shinn's
4327:
4131:
3896:
3706:
3486:
3278:
3262:
3194:California Scene Painting
3073:California Scene Painting
3029:Figurative Constructivism
2941:
2746:
2525:
2514:
2344:
2281:
2174:
2090:
2080:Poussinists and Rubenists
1981:
1785:
1518:
1318:
1309:
1296:
647:Both Members of This Club
581:Detroit Institute of Arts
527:Cross Streets of New York
385:Connection to "The Eight"
349:Both Members of This Club
340:Hammerstein's Roof Garden
4292:Prehistoric European art
3941:Contemporary African art
3424:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai
3352:Generación de la Ruptura
2979:Universal Constructivism
2771:California Impressionism
2726:American Barbizon school
1176:Cornell University Press
815:
745:National Gallery, London
4119:Walking Artists Network
3456:Letterist International
3296:Washington Color School
2210:Arts in the Philippines
1149:New York: Dutton, 1955.
693:The Phillips Collection
651:National Gallery of Art
627:, 1913, oil on canvas.
603:, 1917, oil on canvas,
531:Corcoran Gallery of Art
483:National Gallery of Art
4397:American art movements
4230:Illuminated manuscript
3878:The Designers Republic
3828:Neue Slowenische Kunst
3751:Pattern and Decoration
3651:Institutional critique
3291:Abstract expressionism
2271:Latin American Baroque
2227:Colonial Asian Baroque
1185:New York: Knopf, 1997.
1170:Homer, William Innes.
1167:New York: Crown, 1957.
605:Saint Louis Art Museum
456:Thomas Pollock Anshutz
273:American Impressionism
154:
145:Origin and development
62:
3868:Artist-run initiative
3843:Young British Artists
3808:New European Painting
3744:Moscow Conceptualists
3666:Feminist art movement
3444:Ukrainian underground
3419:Gutai Art Association
2818:Ten American Painters
2322:Western influence in
1299:List of art movements
1192:New York: Dell, 1959.
1158:Yale University Press
1119:American Art Journal,
894:"Art From the Alleys"
810:Realism (visual arts)
282:William Merritt Chase
152:
120:, who studied at the
33:
27:American art movement
3678:Saqqakhaneh movement
3571:Chicano art movement
3439:Soviet Nonconformist
3245:Boston Expressionism
3228:Abstraction-Création
3046:Arbeitsrat für Kunst
3039:Cologne Progressives
2759:Art Nouveau in Milan
2562:Anglo-Japanese style
2538:National romanticism
1968:Fontainebleau School
1878:Northern Renaissance
1713:International Gothic
760:Pennsylvania Station
290:Thomas Wilmer Dewing
248:, Glenn O. Coleman,
4213:Hierarchy of genres
3778:Saint Soleil School
3714:Post-conceptual art
3683:The Stars Art Group
3561:Black Arts Movement
3524:Neo-Dada Organizers
3325:Lyrical abstraction
3058:Australian tonalism
2731:California Tonalism
2403:Hudson River School
2206:Colonial Asian art
1946:English Renaissance
1895:Ghent–Bruges school
1883:Early Netherlandish
1795:Italian Renaissance
1708:Gothic art in Milan
1152:Doezema, Marianne.
710:Maurice Prendergast
405:Maurice Prendergast
278:John Singer Sargent
214:late Impressionists
59:Delaware Art Museum
4255:Landscape painting
3863:New Leipzig School
3803:Neo-conceptual art
3551:Art & Language
3546:Capitalist realism
3468:Florida Highwaymen
3404:Hard-edge painting
3218:Streamline Moderne
3179:Harlem Renaissance
3022:Novecento Italiano
2850:Deutscher Werkbund
2677:Post-Impressionism
2239:Latin American art
2043:Guild of Romanists
1905:German Renaissance
1900:Northern Mannerism
1145:Brooks, Van Wyck.
967:The New York Times
155:
69:, also called the
63:
4345:
4344:
4127:
4126:
3983:Corporate Memphis
3936:Classical Realism
3906:Amazonian pop art
3798:Appropriation art
3766:Neo-expressionism
3636:Environmental art
3541:Nouvelle tendance
3258:
3257:
3206:Socialist realism
3063:Dresden Secession
2682:Neo-Impressionism
2645:Decadent movement
2616:Heidelberg School
2510:
2509:
2408:American luminism
2393:Düsseldorf School
2388:Shoreham Ancients
2378:Nazarene movement
2368:Danish Golden Age
2249:Indochristian art
1927:Antwerp Mannerism
1816:Pittura infamante
1810:Florentine School
1805:Proto-Renaissance
1108:Loughery, p. 135.
864:978-0-226-39589-0
788:New York Interior
571:John French Sloan
552:Washington Square
533:, Washington, DC.
442:John French Sloan
344:London Hippodrome
185:and for instance
118:Theresa Bernstein
104:(1871–1951), and
75:artistic movement
35:John French Sloan
16:(Redirected from
4414:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4362:
4361:
4353:
4335:
4334:
4319:Western painting
4265:Modern sculpture
4223:History painting
3926:Art intervention
3719:Installation art
3536:Nouveau réalisme
3276:
3275:
3250:Leningrad School
3142:Mexican muralism
3115:Grosvenor School
2855:American Realism
2838:Der Blaue Reiter
2796:Berlin Secession
2791:Vienna Secession
2786:Munich Secession
2704:Pont-Aven School
2523:
2522:
2373:Troubadour style
2351:(c. 1770 – 1862)
2318:Qing handicrafts
2284:Western elements
2215:Letras y figuras
2188:African-American
2183:African diaspora
2154:Directoire style
2065:Heptanese school
2048:Dutch Golden Age
2033:Stroganov School
2026:Lutheran Baroque
2021:Louis XIII style
1994:Baroque in Milan
1856:Bolognese School
1851:High Renaissance
1834:Forlivese School
1829:Ferrarese School
1552:Migration Period
1316:
1315:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1251:
1250:
1202:Loughery, John.
1181:Hughes, Robert.
1122:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1082:
1076:
1069:
1063:
1056:
1050:
1040:
1034:
1013:
1002:
1001:
983:
977:
976:
974:
973:
958:
949:
948:
943:Khalid, Farisa.
940:
934:
933:
931:
930:
915:
909:
908:
906:
904:
890:
884:
880:American Visions
875:
869:
868:
844:
838:
837:
836:on 26 July 2020.
826:
805:American realism
780:
755:
740:Men of the Docks
731:
706:
685:Arthur B. Davies
681:
662:
639:
615:
591:
567:
546:William Glackens
542:
519:
497:
479:Snow in New York
471:
452:
429:
397:Arthur B. Davies
322:Woman with Goose
318:Feeding the Pigs
234:Theodore Dreiser
98:William Glackens
56:
55:
51:
48:
21:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4382:
4381:
4380:
4370:
4368:
4356:
4348:
4346:
4341:
4323:
4240:Interactive art
4123:
4097:SoFlo Superflat
4022:Kitsch movement
3946:Africanfuturism
3898:
3892:
3771:Transavantgarde
3702:
3656:Light and Space
3641:Performance art
3621:Psychedelic art
3504:Nueva Presencia
3494:Otra Figuración
3482:
3414:Les Plasticiens
3399:New York School
3377:Action painting
3362:Metcalf Chateau
3271:
3266:
3254:
3174:Cercle et Carré
3110:New Objectivity
3017:Return to order
2959:School of Paris
2937:
2781:School of Paris
2742:
2628:Arts and Crafts
2533:Neo-romanticism
2518:
2506:
2502:Etching revival
2454:Barbizon school
2398:Pre-Raphaelites
2350:
2347:
2340:
2283:
2277:
2170:
2144:Louis XVI style
2086:
2075:Louis XIV style
2038:Animal painting
1999:Flemish Baroque
1977:
1888:World landscape
1839:Venetian School
1781:
1768:Majorcan school
1735:Novgorod School
1725:Lucchese School
1697:Opus Anglicanum
1689:Norman-Sicilian
1633:Italo-Byzantine
1533:Early Christian
1514:
1498:Pompeian Styles
1311:
1305:
1292:
1278:
1227:
1163:Glackens, Ira.
1134:Brown, Milton.
1131:
1126:
1125:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1083:
1079:
1071:Wells, Walter,
1070:
1066:
1058:John Loughery,
1057:
1053:
1041:
1037:
1014:
1005:
998:
984:
980:
971:
969:
959:
952:
947:. Khan Academy.
941:
937:
928:
926:
916:
912:
902:
900:
892:
891:
887:
877:Robert Hughes,
876:
872:
865:
845:
841:
828:
827:
823:
818:
801:
794:
781:
772:
770:Brooklyn Museum
756:
747:
732:
723:
707:
698:
696:Washington, DC.
691:oil on canvas,
689:Elysian Fields,
682:
673:
663:
654:
640:
631:
616:
607:
592:
583:
568:
559:
543:
534:
520:
511:
509:Brooklyn Museum
498:
489:
472:
463:
453:
444:
430:
421:
393:
387:
314:The Old Duchess
302:Paddy Flannagan
223:Macbeth Gallery
187:School of Paris
183:Lucchese School
175:tongue-in-cheek
147:
138:Leaves of Grass
53:
49:
46:
44:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4420:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4379:
4378:
4366:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4270:Late modernism
4267:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4218:Genre painting
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4168:
4166:Ballets Russes
4163:
4158:
4153:
4152:
4151:
4149:Asemic writing
4141:
4139:History of art
4135:
4133:
4132:Related topics
4129:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4067:Relational art
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3990:Hypermodernism
3987:
3986:
3985:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3902:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3736:
3731:
3729:Postminimalism
3726:
3721:
3716:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3606:Generative art
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3576:Conceptual art
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3490:
3488:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3473:Cybernetic art
3470:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3461:Ultra-Lettrist
3458:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3335:Arte Informale
3332:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3288:
3282:
3280:
3273:
3272:(1945–present)
3260:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3220:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3201:Heroic realism
3198:
3197:
3196:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3135:Latin American
3132:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3105:Group of Seven
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3075:
3070:
3068:Social realism
3065:
3060:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3051:November Group
3043:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3014:
3009:
3008:
3007:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2974:Latin American
2969:Constructivism
2966:
2964:Crystal Cubism
2961:
2956:
2951:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2893:
2888:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2674:
2669:
2667:Volcano School
2664:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2529:
2527:
2520:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2456:
2446:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2429:
2424:
2422:Norwich School
2419:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2363:Fairy painting
2354:
2352:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2287:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2254:Chilote School
2246:
2244:Casta painting
2236:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2220:Tipos del País
2217:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2190:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2108:Louis XV style
2105:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2001:
1996:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1919:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1910:Cologne School
1902:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1807:
1791:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1770:
1765:
1763:Italian school
1754:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1745:Sienese School
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1700:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1664:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1655:Pre-Romanesque
1652:
1647:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1591:
1586:
1584:Donor portrait
1581:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1524:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1493:Julio-Claudian
1490:
1485:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1442:Greco-Buddhist
1434:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1382:Protogeometric
1379:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1324:
1322:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1277:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1238:
1226:
1225:External links
1223:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1168:
1161:
1150:
1143:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1077:
1064:
1051:
1035:
1032:978-0810941724
1003:
996:
978:
950:
935:
910:
885:
870:
863:
839:
820:
819:
817:
814:
813:
812:
807:
800:
797:
796:
795:
782:
775:
773:
768:, c. 1907–08,
766:George Bellows
757:
750:
748:
735:George Bellows
733:
726:
724:
708:
701:
699:
683:
676:
674:
670:Bandit's Roost
664:
657:
655:
643:George Bellows
641:
634:
632:
624:Cliff Dwellers
619:George Bellows
617:
610:
608:
600:Houston Street
593:
586:
584:
576:McSorley's Bar
569:
562:
560:
544:
537:
535:
521:
514:
512:
499:
492:
490:
487:Washington, DC
473:
466:
464:
454:
447:
445:
431:
424:
420:
417:
386:
383:
379:Expressionists
361:The advent of
331:Cliff Dwellers
246:George Bellows
146:
143:
110:Thomas Anshutz
71:Ash Can School
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4419:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4392:Ashcan School
4390:
4389:
4387:
4377:
4376:United States
4367:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4354:
4351:
4338:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4320:
4317:
4315:
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4308:
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4280:
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4228:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4203:Fantastic art
4201:
4199:
4196:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4171:Christian art
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4145:
4142:
4140:
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4115:
4112:
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4107:
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4095:
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4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4072:Skeuomorphism
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4032:Massurrealism
4030:
4028:
4027:Lightpainting
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4011:
4010:Post-Internet
4008:
4007:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3980:
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3956:
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3939:
3937:
3934:
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3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3895:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3883:Grunge design
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3838:Retrofuturism
3836:
3834:
3833:Scratch video
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3818:Memphis Group
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3793:Telematic art
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3783:Guerrilla art
3781:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3734:Endurance art
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
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3500:
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3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3394:New media art
3392:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3372:Nanyang Style
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3303:Visionary art
3301:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3270:
3265:
3261:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3169:Scuola Romana
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3095:Anthropophagy
3093:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3078:Functionalism
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3047:
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3032:
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3027:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2998:Neoplasticism
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
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2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2901:Cubo-Futurism
2899:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2861:
2860:Ashcan School
2858:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2828:Expressionism
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2813:Mir iskusstva
2811:
2809:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2797:
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2641:
2638:
2634:
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2630:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2599:Boston School
2597:
2595:
2594:Hoosier Group
2592:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2584:Impressionism
2582:
2580:
2579:Peredvizhniki
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2569:Beuron School
2567:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2536:
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2528:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2483:Munich School
2481:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
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2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2282:Art borrowing
2280:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2233:
2232:Company style
2230:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2199:
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2173:
2167:
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2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2132:Neoclassicism
2130:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
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2073:
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2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1958:Cretan School
1956:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1915:Danube school
1913:
1911:
1908:
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1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
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1517:
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1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1392:Orientalizing
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1377:Sub-Mycenaean
1375:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1291:art movements
1290:
1286:
1282:
1275:
1270:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1212:0-8050-5221-6
1209:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1188:Hunter, Sam.
1187:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1132:
1120:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1068:
1061:
1055:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1008:
999:
997:0 300 05536 6
993:
989:
982:
968:
964:
957:
955:
946:
939:
925:
921:
914:
899:
895:
889:
882:
881:
874:
866:
860:
857:. p. 4.
856:
852:
851:
843:
835:
831:
825:
821:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
793:
789:
785:
784:Edward Hopper
779:
774:
771:
767:
763:
761:
754:
749:
746:
742:
741:
736:
730:
725:
722:
718:
716:
711:
705:
700:
697:
694:
690:
686:
680:
675:
671:
667:
661:
656:
652:
648:
644:
638:
633:
630:
626:
625:
620:
614:
609:
606:
602:
601:
596:
590:
585:
582:
578:
577:
572:
566:
561:
558:
554:
553:
547:
541:
536:
532:
528:
524:
523:Everett Shinn
518:
513:
510:
506:
502:
496:
491:
488:
484:
480:
476:
470:
465:
461:
457:
451:
446:
443:
439:
435:
434:Everett Shinn
428:
423:
422:
416:
413:
408:
406:
402:
401:Ernest Lawson
398:
392:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
359:
357:
356:
355:The Wrestlers
351:
350:
345:
341:
337:
336:The Laundress
333:
332:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
306:The Haymarket
303:
300:and Bellows'
299:
295:
294:Abbott Thayer
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
258:Edward Hopper
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:Stephen Crane
226:
224:
220:
215:
211:
207:
206:Lewis W. Hine
203:
198:
194:
193:
188:
184:
180:
176:
171:
169:
168:Édouard Manet
165:
161:
151:
142:
140:
139:
135:'s epic poem
134:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
106:Everett Shinn
103:
100:(1870–1938),
99:
96:(1867–1933),
95:
92:(1865–1929),
91:
86:
84:
80:
79:United States
76:
72:
68:
67:Ashcan School
60:
42:
41:
40:Self-portrait
36:
32:
19:
18:Ashcan school
4313:Trompe-l'œil
4311:
4282:Outsider art
4235:Illustration
4191:Lutheran art
4181:Catholic art
4144:Abstract art
4114:Unilalianism
4077:Software art
4052:Neosymbolism
4042:Neo-futurism
4005:Internet art
3995:Hyperrealism
3848:Superfiction
3631:Photorealism
3499:Afrofuturism
3264:Contemporary
3240:Dimensionism
3223:Concrete art
3156:
3152:Precisionism
3002:
2949:Sosaku-hanga
2923:Productivism
2913:Metaphysical
2883:
2872:Proto-Cubism
2859:
2776:Secessionism
2738:Costumbrismo
2623:Aestheticism
2574:Hague School
2554:
2478:Academic art
2459:Costumbrismo
2427:Empire style
2264:Quito School
2259:Cusco School
2175:Colonial art
2136:
2124:Fête galante
2122:
2091:18th century
2053:Delft School
2004:Caravaggisti
1982:17th century
1867:
1824:Quattrocento
1814:
1772:
1695:
1598:
1528:Late antique
1412:Severe style
1402:Black-figure
1289:Contemporary
1217:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1171:
1164:
1153:
1146:
1135:
1118:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1080:
1072:
1067:
1059:
1054:
1046:
1038:
1023:
1015:
987:
981:
970:. Retrieved
966:
938:
927:. Retrieved
913:
901:. Retrieved
897:
888:
878:
873:
849:
842:
834:the original
824:
787:
758:
738:
715:Central Park
713:
688:
669:
646:
622:
598:
574:
549:
526:
505:Street Scene
504:
478:
475:Robert Henri
459:
438:Robert Henri
409:
394:
360:
353:
347:
343:
342:and Shinn's
339:
335:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
270:
254:Gifford Beal
250:Jerome Myers
238:Frank Norris
227:
196:
190:
172:
164:Walt Whitman
160:Robert Henri
156:
136:
133:Walt Whitman
130:
90:Robert Henri
87:
70:
66:
64:
38:
4198:Digital art
4161:Avant-garde
4102:Superstroke
3978:Flat design
3973:Fictive art
3968:Excessivism
3916:Art for art
3911:Altermodern
3853:Taring Padi
3788:Lowbrow art
3756:Pliontanism
3693:Yoru no Kai
3646:Process art
3586:Systems art
3556:Arte Povera
3478:Antipodeans
3387:in New York
3357:Jikken Kōbō
3320:Color field
3189:Regionalism
3158:Aeropittura
3147:Neo-Fauvism
3120:Neues Sehen
3090:Kinetic art
2954:Suprematism
2928:Synchromism
2845:Noucentisme
2766:Primitivism
2754:Art Nouveau
2709:Cloisonnism
2699:Pointillism
2694:Divisionism
2672:Incoherents
2633:Art pottery
2519:(1863–1944)
2469:Macchiaioli
2444:Biedermeier
2432:Historicism
2417:Orientalism
2358:Romanticism
2329:Akita ranga
2181:Art of the
2166:Picturesque
2118:Chinoiserie
2113:Frederician
1951:Tudor court
1846:Cinquecento
1787:Renaissance
1774:Mappa mundi
1758:cartography
1650:Carolingian
1645:Merovingian
1628:Palaeologan
1600:Repoblación
1557:Anglo-Saxon
1488:Gallo-Roman
1427:Hellenistic
1422:Kerch style
1360:Minyan ware
1156:New Haven:
1138:Princeton:
1020:Amy Dempsey
790:, c. 1921,
595:George Luks
501:George Luks
367:Armory Show
210:George Luks
94:George Luks
4407:Modern art
4386:Categories
4245:Jewish art
4057:Passionism
4017:iPhone art
3963:Cyborg art
3958:Crypto art
3931:Brandalism
3823:Cyberdelic
3688:Tropicália
3661:Street art
3616:Intermedia
3596:Minimalism
3315:Spatialism
3269:Postmodern
3125:Surrealism
2993:Shin-hanga
2833:Die Brücke
2801:Sonderbund
2714:Synthetism
2437:Revivalism
2346:Transition
2303:Manichaean
2149:Adam style
2070:Classicism
2009:in Utrecht
1937:Still life
1667:Romanesque
1623:Macedonian
1618:Iconoclast
1577:Visigothic
1483:Republican
1437:Indo-Greek
1407:Red-figure
1043:Sam Hunter
972:2024-04-05
929:2024-04-05
762:Excavation
717:, New York
666:Jacob Riis
389:See also:
310:Three A.M.
298:Willie Gee
286:Kenyon Cox
266:Lewis Hine
262:Jacob Riis
202:Jacob Riis
197:The Masses
192:The Masses
102:John Sloan
4307:Shock art
4297:Queer art
4277:Naïve art
4260:Modernism
4092:Superflat
4082:Sound art
4062:Post-YBAs
4047:Neomodern
3888:Verdadism
3858:Superflat
3707:1970–1999
3671:in the US
3591:Video art
3514:Happening
3487:1960–1969
3279:1945–1959
2942:1915–1944
2933:Vorticism
2885:A Nyolcak
2747:1900–1914
2719:Les Nabis
2650:Symbolism
2606:Amsterdam
2556:Japonisme
2526:1863–1899
2488:in Greece
2348:to modern
2193:Caribbean
2138:Goût grec
2060:Capriccio
2014:Tenebrism
1963:Turquerie
1861:Mannerism
1756:Medieval
1613:Byzantine
1594:Mozarabic
1545:Ethiopian
1449:Neo-Attic
1432:"Baroque"
1417:Classical
1387:Geometric
1365:Mycenaean
1312:(Western)
1310:Premodern
1281:Premodern
1243:from the
898:The Attic
242:Art Young
73:, was an
4337:Category
4287:Portrait
4208:Folk art
4156:Anti-art
4087:Stuckism
4000:Idea art
3921:Art game
3873:Artivism
3761:Punk art
3739:Sots Art
3724:Artscene
3581:Land art
3519:Neo-Dada
3451:Lettrism
3345:Nuagisme
3330:Tachisme
3211:Nazi art
3004:De Stijl
2918:Rayonism
2908:Art Deco
2896:Futurism
2687:Luminism
2655:Romanian
2640:Tonalism
2611:Canadian
2589:American
2495:Neo-Grec
2103:Rocaille
1932:Romanism
1866:Counter-
1800:Trecento
1740:Duecento
1730:Crusades
1662:Ottonian
1640:Frankish
1520:Medieval
1503:Trajanic
1463:Scythian
1458:Etruscan
1350:Cycladic
1328:Thracian
1174:Ithaca:
903:19 March
799:See also
743:, 1912,
719:, 1901,
649:, 1909,
579:, 1912,
555:, 1912,
529:, 1899,
507:, 1905,
481:, 1902,
83:New York
57:inches,
4364:Society
4350:Portals
4302:Realism
3899:present
3626:Nut Art
3429:Pop art
3367:Mono-ha
3235:The Ten
3184:Kapists
3130:Iranian
3083:Bauhaus
2877:Orphism
2823:Fauvism
2660:Russian
2550:Nihonga
2464:Verismo
2449:Realism
2383:Purismo
2296:Moorish
2291:Islamic
2198:Haitian
1989:Baroque
1868:Maniera
1752:Mudéjar
1677:Spanish
1589:Pictish
1572:Lombard
1567:Insular
1508:Severan
1473:Gaulish
1468:Iberian
1397:Archaic
1340:Nuragic
1320:Ancient
1303:periods
1178:, 1969.
1160:, 1992.
1142:, 1955.
1129:Sources
419:Gallery
371:Cubists
219:palette
112:at the
77:in the
52:⁄
4250:Kitsch
4109:Toyism
3601:Fluxus
3531:Op art
3100:Mingei
3034:Stupid
3012:Purism
2867:Cubism
2516:Modern
2308:Mughal
2098:Rococo
1703:Gothic
1684:Norman
1608:Viking
1562:Hunnic
1540:Coptic
1355:Minoan
1345:Aegean
1333:Dacian
1285:Modern
1210:
1030:
994:
861:
403:, and
377:, and
375:Fauves
292:, and
236:, and
3897:2000–
3340:COBRA
2334:Uki-e
2324:Japan
2313:Qajar
1672:Mosan
1478:Roman
1372:Greek
816:Notes
181:e.g.
4186:Icon
3509:ZERO
3267:and
3164:Asso
2988:Dada
2545:Yōga
1287:and
1208:ISBN
1028:ISBN
992:ISBN
905:2019
859:ISBN
320:and
308:and
264:and
204:and
65:The
764:by
4388::
1283:,
1233:A
1045:,
1026:)
1018:,
1006:^
965:.
953:^
922:.
896:.
853:.
786:,
737:,
712:,
687:,
668:,
645:,
621:,
597:,
573:,
548:,
525:,
503:,
485:,
477:,
458:,
440:,
436:,
399:,
373:,
288:,
284:,
280:,
252:,
232:,
128:.
45:11
37:,
4352::
1301:/
1273:e
1266:t
1259:v
1000:.
975:.
932:.
907:.
867:.
54:8
50:7
47:+
20:)
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