628:
sharp. They are also made so that if a shard were to break off of one of the two ceramic components, they would be noticeable through x-rays during a check-up or inspection of the implant. With implants such as hip implants, the ball of the implant could be made of ceramic, and between the ceramic layer and where it attaches to the rest of the implant, there is usually a membrane to help hold the ceramic. The membrane can help prevent cracks, but if cracks should occur at two points which create a separate piece, the membrane can hold the shard in place so that it doesn't leave the implant and cause further injury. Because these cracks and separations can occur, the material of the membrane is a bio-compatible polymer that has a high fracture toughness and a high shear toughness.
204:
the hip joint from the front, with less large muscle dissection but due to the proximity of the femoral artery, corresponding vein, and main nerve bundle for the leg lying just medial to the acetabulum the surgeon must exercise caution and maintain suitable landmarks. The lateral approach dissects smaller muscles than the posterior approach, but has similar navigation concerns as the anterior approach. Surgeon experience tends to determine the surgeon's preference, meaning that the surgeon will only rarely deviate from what method they were initially trained to use.
616:
involving high pressures and temperatures. When compared with other ceramic materials such as cubic boron nitride, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide, PCD shows many better characteristics, including a high level of hardness and a relatively low coefficient of friction. For the application of artificial joints it will likely be combined with certain metals and metal alloys like cobalt, chrome, titanium, vanadium, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, hafnium, silicon, cobalt-chrome, tungsten, zirconium, etc. This means that people with
40:
333:
213:
169:, there are a few major approaches to access the shoulder joint. The first is the deltopectoral approach, which saves the deltoid, but requires the supraspinatus to be cut. The second is the transdeltoid approach, which provides a straight on approach at the glenoid. However, during this approach the deltoid is put at risk for potential damage. Both techniques are used, depending on the surgeon's preferences.
627:
there are two parts that are ceramic and they can be made of either the same ceramic or different ones. If they are made of the same ceramic, however, they have different weight ratios. These ceramic parts are configured so that should shards break off of the implant, the particles are benign and not
563:
is used extensively to help people recover function after joint replacement surgery. A graded exercise programme is needed initially, as the person's muscles take time to heal after the surgery; exercises for range of motion of the joints and ambulation should not be strenuous. Later when the muscles
203:
Hip replacement surgery can be performed from three main directions, each with advantages and disadvantages The classical approach is the posterior, and requires dissection of the gluteus maximus and other large muscles of the back of the thigh to access the acetabulum. The anterior approach accesses
1115:
Saltzman, C.L.; Mann, R.A.; Ahrens, J.E.; Amendola, A.; Anderson, R.B.; Berlet, G.C.; Brodky, J.W.; Chou, L.B.; Clanton, T.O.; Deland, J.T.; Deorio, J.K.; Horton, G.A.; Lee, T.H.; Mann, J.A.; Nunley, J.A.; Thordarson, D.B.; Walling, A.K.; Wapner, K.L.; Coughlin, M.J. (2009). "Prospective
Controlled
615:
Titanium carbide has proved to be possible to use combined with sintered polycrystalline diamond surface (PCD), a superhard ceramic which promises to provide an improved, strong, long-wearing material for artificial joints. PCD is formed from polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) through a process
537:
Before major surgery is performed, a complete pre-anaesthetic work-up is required. In elderly people this usually would include ECG, urine tests, hematology and blood tests. Cross match of blood is routine also, as a high percentage of people receive a blood transfusion. Pre-operative planning
296:
The operation typically involves substantial postoperative pain, and includes vigorous physical rehabilitation. The recovery period may be six weeks or longer and may involve the use of mobility aids (e.g. walking frames, canes, crutches) to enable the person's return to preoperative mobility.
636:
The prosthesis may need to be replaced due to complications such as infection or prosthetic fracture. Replacement may be done in one single surgical session. Alternatively, an initial surgery may be performed to remove previous prosthetic material, and the new prosthesis is then inserted in a
504:
joints such as the hip at a rate of 0.3mm per year. This may be a problem in itself since the bearing surfaces are often less than 10 mm thick and may deform as they get thinner. The wear may also cause problems, as inflammation can be caused by increased quantities of polyethylene wear
318:, i.e. fusion of the bones. The restoration of range of motion is the key feature in favor of ankle replacement with respect to arthrodesis. However, clinical evidence of the superiority of the former has only been demonstrated for particular isolated implant designs.
612:). A combination of titanium and titanium carbide is a very hard ceramic material often used in components of arthroplasties due to the impressive degree of strength and toughness it presents, as well as its compatibility with medical imaging.
340:
Finger joint replacement is a relatively quick procedure of about 30 minutes, but requires several months of subsequent therapy. Post-operative therapy may consist of wearing a hand splint or performing exercises to improve function and pain.
556:
with walking aids when tolerated. Depending on the joint involved and the pre-op status of the person, the time of hospitalization varies from 1 day to 2 weeks, with the average being 4–7 days in most regions.
1316:
1247:
486:. As a result, the component moves inside the bone, causing pain. Fragments of wear debris may cause an inflammatory reaction with bone absorption which can cause loosening. This phenomenon is known as
541:
A few days' hospitalization is followed by several weeks of protected function, healing and rehabilitation. This may then be followed by several months of slow improvement in strength and endurance.
172:
The number of shoulder replacements carried out each year is increasing, but research looking into global records suggests that nine out of ten shoulder replacements last for at least a decade.
123:. Joint replacement is considered as a treatment when severe joint pain or dysfunction is not alleviated by less-invasive therapies. Joint replacement surgery is often indicated from various
1490:
1118:
658:
197:
generally only replaces the femoral head. Hip replacement is currently the most common orthopaedic operation, though patient satisfaction short- and long-term varies widely.
513:
There are many controversies. Much of the research effort of the orthopedic-community is directed to studying and improving joint replacement. The main controversies are
891:
Evans, Jonathan P; Evans, Jonathan T; Craig, Richard S; Mohammad, Hasan R; Sayers, Adrian; Blom, Ashley W; Whitehouse, Michael R; Rees, Jonathan L (September 2020).
893:"How long does a shoulder replacement last? A systematic review and meta-analysis of case series and national registry reports with more than 10 years of follow-up"
743:. The purpose of doing this surgery is to relieve pain, to restore range of motion and to improve walking ability, leading to the improvement of muscle strength.
1444:
Finkelstein, JA; Anderson, GI; Richards, RR; Waddell, JP (1991). "Polyethylene synovitis following canine total hip arthroplasty. Histomorphometric analysis".
1261:"Clinical and diagnostic challenges of metal implant allergy using the example of orthopaedic surgical implants: Part 15 of the Series Molecular Allergology"
1483:
851:
1435:
641:
may be used, which is a sturdy mass to provide some basic joint stability and mobility until a more permanent prosthesis is inserted. It can contain
950:"Assistive devices, hip precautions, environmental modifications and training to prevent dislocation and improve function after hip arthroplasty"
1476:
71:
67:
538:
requires accurate Xrays of the affected joint, implant design selecting and size-matching to the xray images (a process known as templating).
1005:
Verra, Wiebe C.; van den Boom, Lennard G. H.; Jacobs, Wilco; Clement, Darren J.; Wymenga, Ate A. B.; Nelissen, Rob G. H. H. (2013-10-11).
1062:
731:
In recent decades, the most successful and common form of arthroplasty is the surgical replacement of a joint or joint surface with a
1883:
1835:
2217:
948:
Smith, Toby O; Jepson, Paul; Beswick, Andrew; Sands, Gina; Drummond, Avril; Davis, Edward T; Sackley, Catherine M (2016-07-04).
1328:
Mazzucchelli, Luca; Rosso, Federica; Marmotti, Antongiulio; Bonasia, Davide
Edoardo; Bruzzone, Matteo; Rossi, Roberto (2015).
189:
can be performed as a total replacement or a hemi (half) replacement. A total hip replacement consists of replacing both the
285:(PMMA) cement. Alternative techniques exist that affix the implant without cement. These cement-less techniques may involve
261:. The ends of these bones are then accurately cut to shape using cutting guides oriented to the long axis of the bones. The
662:
1741:
762:
739:) with a prosthetic hip. This procedure involves replacing both the acetabulum (hip socket) and the head and neck of the
1892:
1736:
1007:"Retention versus sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament in total knee arthroplasty for treating osteoarthritis"
2007:
1174:
1795:
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17:
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52:
2222:
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Early mobilisation of the person is thought to be the key to reducing the chances of complications such as
254:
246:
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Loosening of the components: the bond between the bone and the components or the cement may break down or
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270:
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266:
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has become a treatment of choice for people requiring arthroplasty, replacing the conventional use of
1828:
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collateral ligaments are preserved. Metal components are then impacted onto the bone or fixed using
1850:
1641:
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or sensitivities to other metals are at risk for complications due to the chemicals in the device.
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327:
78:
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the best or most appropriate bearing surface - metal/polyethylene, metal-metal, ceramic-ceramic;
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The stress of the operation may result in medical problems of varying incidence and severity.
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2000:
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separate surgery at a later time. In such cases, especially when complicated by infection, a
358:
44:
1907:
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have healed, the aim of exercise expands to include strengthening and recovery of function.
2212:
2099:
1818:
1538:
523:
166:
160:
132:
1080:
Leopold SS (April 2009). "Minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis".
8:
2077:
1970:
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1702:
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735:. For example, a hip joint that is affected by osteoarthritis may be replaced entirely (
200:
It is unclear whether the use of assistive equipment would help in post-operative care.
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Monaghan, Matthew, David Miller. (2013). US Patent No. 0282134A1. Warsaw, IN: US
736:
728:. Osteotomy to restore or modify joint congruity is also a form of arthroplasty.
459:
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234:
186:
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143:
84:
39:
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1963:
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Trial of STAR Total Ankle
Replacement Versus Ankle Fusion: Initial Results".
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Massy-Westropp, Nicola; Johnston, Renea V; Hill, Catherine L (2008-01-23).
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involves exposure of the front of the knee, with detachment of part of the
112:
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1938:
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Some ceramic materials commonly used in joint replacement are alumina (Al
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124:
1246:
Pope, Bill et al. (2011) International Patent No. 127321A. Orem, UT: US
917:
863:
94:
2157:
1958:
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1330:"The use of spacers (static and mobile) in infection knee arthroplasty"
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Patient
Information from the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons
212:
1443:
2119:
2016:
553:
242:
238:
1327:
552:. Modern practice is to mobilize people as soon as possible and
245:
is displaced to one side of the joint, allowing exposure of the
708:
tissue to fill in the gap. Other forms of arthroplasty include
693:
689:
1004:
146:. About 773,000 Americans had a hip or knee replaced in 2009.
1751:
1425:
1192:"Post-operative therapy for metacarpophalangeal arthroplasty"
794:
740:
258:
250:
116:
1518:
1500:
812:"Primary shoulder reverse arthroplasty: Surgical technique"
705:
685:
653:
Stephen S. Hudack, a surgeon based in New York City, began
1985:
1189:
1114:
1498:
1438:
Uncementeed Custom
Femoral Components In Hip Arthroplasty
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in which the joint surface and bone were removed leaving
1063:"Total Knee Replacement Surgery for Chronic Pain Relief"
947:
890:
816:
Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research
676:
Two previously popular forms of arthroplasty were: (1)
657:
with artificial joints in 1939. By 1948, he was at the
852:"Most shoulder replacements last longer than a decade"
805:
803:
138:
Joint replacement has become more common, mostly with
1321:
789:
800:
791:Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease online
520:cemented vs uncemented fixation of the components;
2199:
1164:
604:), titanium nitride (TiN), silicon nitride (Si
2001:
1484:
500:surfaces: polyethylene is thought to wear in
1334:Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
1108:
1011:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
2008:
1994:
1491:
1477:
1079:
344:
38:
1884:Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
1383:
1381:
1361:
1292:
1223:
1038:
981:
916:
827:
631:
115:, in which an arthritic or dysfunctional
1836:Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction
1073:
809:
391:
331:
211:
1196:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
954:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
785:
783:
119:surface is replaced with an orthopedic
14:
2200:
1378:
1258:
1989:
1472:
27:Orthopedic surgery to replace a joint
1397:. April 12, 1948. pp. 127–130.
780:
663:Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center
445:
1742:Autologous chondrocyte implantation
1436:P. Benum; A. Aamodt; and K. Haugan
763:Autologous chondrocyte implantation
680:, with interposition of some other
24:
1893:Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
1737:Knee cartilage replacement therapy
476:
427:
397:Mal-positioning of the components
25:
2234:
1419:
726:silicone replacement arthroplasty
1431:Patient Information from the FDA
645:to help treating any infection.
349:
1317:http://worldwide.espacenet.com/
1309:
1252:
1240:
1183:
1154:
2218:Orthopedic surgical procedures
2063:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
1248:http://worldwide.espacenet.com
1208:10.1002/14651858.cd003522.pub2
1119:Foot & Ankle International
1055:
1023:10.1002/14651858.CD004803.pub3
998:
966:10.1002/14651858.cd010815.pub2
941:
884:
844:
13:
1:
1454:10.1016/s0883-5403(08)80062-9
1389:"Joints of Steel and Plastic"
1265:Allergo Journal International
909:10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30226-5
773:
678:interpositional arthroplasty'
1259:Thomas, Peter (2014-01-01).
665:) and with funding from the
659:New York Orthopedic Hospital
567:
532:
436:, either Superficial or Deep
273:may also be removed but the
7:
2015:
1446:The Journal of Arthroplasty
810:Nerot, C.; Ohl, X. (2014).
746:
271:posterior cruciate ligament
193:and the femoral head while
154:
10:
2239:
1725:Articular cartilage repair
829:10.1016/j.otsr.2013.06.011
795:http://www.niams.nih.gov/#
758:Joint replacement registry
710:resection(al) arthroplasty
648:
325:
304:
267:anterior cruciate ligament
219:
179:
158:
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1806:
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1508:
1346:10.1007/s12178-015-9293-8
1277:10.1007/s40629-014-0023-3
336:Finger joint replacement.
321:
91:
77:
61:
51:
37:
32:
1851:Finger joint replacement
1642:Distraction osteogenesis
1165:Leslie Galliker (2014).
714:resurfacing arthroplasty
667:Office of Naval Research
423:Damage to blood vessels.
403:Instability/dislocation;
328:Finger joint replacement
300:
897:The Lancet Rheumatology
702:excisional arthroplasty
700:surfaces apart and (2)
460:Loss of range of motion
407:Loss of range of motion
385:Urinary Tract Infection
345:Risks and complications
207:
149:
2175:Therapeutic irrigation
2038:Cardiothoracic surgery
1632:Femoral head ostectomy
1600:Vertebral augmentation
737:total hip arthroplasty
632:Prosthesis replacement
546:venous thromboembolism
494:Polyethylene synovitis
369:Venous Thromboembolism
337:
283:polymethylmethacrylate
217:
175:
2148:Incision and drainage
1829:Weaver–Dunn procedure
1730:Microfracture surgery
1499:Procedures involving
1132:10.3113/FAI.2009.0579
1094:10.1056/NEJMct0806027
768:Microfracture surgery
588:), hydroxyapatite (Ca
417:of the adjacent bone;
392:Intra-operative risks
335:
215:
45:Hip joint replacement
2100:Reproductive surgery
1819:Shoulder replacement
1781:Intervertebral discs
1539:Orthognathic surgery
167:shoulder replacement
161:Shoulder replacement
133:rheumatoid arthritis
2223:Orthopedic implants
2208:Implants (medicine)
1971:Arthroscopic lavage
1703:Tension band wiring
864:10.3310/alert_46075
2141:General procedures
2110:Transplant surgery
2068:Orthopedic surgery
2043:Colorectal surgery
1913:Triple arthrodesis
1908:Broström procedure
1846:Brunelli procedure
1647:Ilizarov apparatus
1595:Vertebral fixation
1511:Orthopedic surgery
1448:. 6 Suppl: S91–6.
1167:Joint Replacements
524:Minimally invasive
338:
218:
109:orthopedic surgery
107:is a procedure of
2195:
2194:
2187:Joint replacement
2180:Antiseptic lavage
2168:Balloon tamponade
2105:Surgical oncology
2090:Pediatric surgery
2084:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1949:Joint replacement
1903:Ankle replacement
1711:
1710:
1698:External fixation
1693:Internal fixation
1544:Chin augmentation
793:. Retrieved from
718:mold arthroplasty
625:knee replacements
505:particles in the
446:Medium-term risks
312:Ankle replacement
307:Ankle replacement
269:are removed; the
231:quadriceps muscle
216:Knee replacement.
105:Joint replacement
102:
101:
33:Joint replacement
16:(Redirected from
2230:
2132:Vascular surgery
2082:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1889:Knee replacement
1814:Shoulder surgery
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1069:. 15 March 2024.
1067:gadgehospital.in
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1017:(10): CD004803.
1002:
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920:
903:(9): e539–e548.
888:
882:
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842:
841:
831:
822:(1): S181–S190.
807:
798:
787:
722:cup arthroplasty
669:, was replacing
580:), zirconia (ZrO
456:Persistent pain;
287:osseointegration
227:Knee replacement
222:Knee replacement
195:hemiarthroplasty
144:hip replacements
95:edit on Wikidata
87:
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29:
21:
18:Artificial joint
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2095:Plastic surgery
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1874:Hip replacement
1869:Hip resurfacing
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960:(7): CD010815.
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187:Hip replacement
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125:joint diseases
111:known also as
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2073:Hand surgery
2058:Neurosurgery
1953:
1948:
1934:Arthroplasty
1898:Ankle fusion
1841:Hand surgery
1796:Arthroplasty
1791:Annuloplasty
1590:Foraminotomy
1575:Laminoplasty
1560:Coccygectomy
1445:
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1406:. Retrieved
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359:Heart Attack
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293:prostheses.
291:porous metal
289:, including
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127:, including
113:arthroplasty
104:
103:
2213:Prosthetics
2048:Eye surgery
1944:Arthroscopy
1939:Synovectomy
1769:Arthrodesis
1585:Facetectomy
1570:Laminectomy
673:in humans.
643:antibiotics
452:Dislocation
440:Dislocation
400:Shortening;
316:arthrodesis
257:end of the
249:end of the
237:) from the
2202:Categories
2158:Intubation
1959:Arthrogram
1929:Arthrotomy
1786:Discectomy
1580:Corpectomy
1565:Laminotomy
1503:and joints
1408:2011-03-19
877:2022-07-06
774:References
733:prosthesis
671:hip joints
488:osteolysis
378:Increased
263:cartilages
191:acetabulum
121:prosthesis
53:ICD-10-PCS
2163:Tamponade
2153:Endoscopy
2125:Andrology
1717:Cartilage
1688:Reduction
1678:Osteotomy
1668:Ostectomy
1403:0024-3019
1354:1935-973X
1285:2197-0378
1216:1465-1858
1031:1469-493X
974:1465-1858
935:225252643
872:242994004
568:Materials
550:Pneumonia
533:Technique
470:infection
468:Indolent
465:Weakness;
434:Infection
380:confusion
374:Pneumonia
1954:imaging:
1372:26395472
1303:26120529
1234:18254021
1169:. ABDO.
1140:19589303
1102:19387017
1049:24114343
992:27374001
927:38273618
838:24461235
747:See also
696:to keep
554:ambulate
526:surgery.
415:Fracture
265:and the
255:proximal
253:and the
155:Shoulder
63:ICD-9-CM
2120:Urology
2017:Surgery
1922:General
1661:General
1462:1774577
1363:4630232
1294:4479460
1225:8715905
1161:Page 50
1040:6599815
983:6458012
649:History
484:fatigue
279:fibular
243:patella
239:patella
85:D019643
57:0?R?0JZ
1752:Joints
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724:, and
694:tendon
690:muscle
682:tissue
639:spacer
364:Stroke
322:Finger
275:tibial
247:distal
241:. The
1761:Spine
1553:Spine
1519:Bones
1501:bones
1144:S2CID
931:S2CID
868:S2CID
741:femur
684:like
387:(UTI)
301:Ankle
259:tibia
251:femur
117:joint
93:[
1527:Face
1458:PMID
1399:ISSN
1394:Life
1368:PMID
1350:ISSN
1299:PMID
1281:ISSN
1230:PMID
1212:ISSN
1200:2009
1171:ISBN
1163:in:
1136:PMID
1098:PMID
1045:PMID
1027:ISSN
1015:2013
988:PMID
970:ISSN
958:2016
923:PMID
834:PMID
706:scar
686:skin
600:(OH)
548:and
277:and
208:Knee
165:For
150:Uses
142:and
140:knee
131:and
79:MeSH
72:81.8
68:81.5
2083:ENT
1862:Leg
1807:Arm
1625:Leg
1609:Arm
1450:doi
1358:PMC
1342:doi
1289:PMC
1273:doi
1220:PMC
1204:doi
1128:doi
1090:doi
1086:360
1035:PMC
1019:doi
978:PMC
962:doi
913:hdl
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