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Artaxerxes (opera)

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had given the best air in the piece to Tenducci." In vain the poor Doctor strove to soothe her – she was ungovernable. He retired from the theatre – sat down, and having written the first words of "Let not rage thy bosom firing" composed an air to them in the same character as "Water parted," though it is inferior in other respects: This he presented to Miss Brent, who being struck with the application of the first line to her own violence of temper, told the Doctor "that she was appeased, and would sing to the utmost of her ability to serve him."
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their love for each other and their despair at Arbaces' banishment, Artabanes arrives carrying a bloody sword. His fury at Xerxes' treatment of his son and his desire for Arbaces to become King have led him to assassinate Xerxes. Artabanes confesses the murder to Arbaces and exchanges his bloody sword for that of Arbaces.
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In the Temple of the Sun Artaxerxes, surrounded by his nobles, swears to maintain the rights, laws, and customs of his subjects and is about to pledge this by drinking from a sacred cup, unaware that Artabanes has poisoned the drink. Before Artaxerxes can drink from the cup, news arrives that Rimenes
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The opera opens in a moonlit garden of Xerxes' palace. Mandane, the daughter of King Xerxes, and Arbaces, the son of the King's general Artabanes, are in love. Xerxes has opposed their marriage and banished Arbaces from the palace. Arbaces climbs the wall into the garden. As the young lovers express
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The mischief done was the greatest ever known on any occasion of the like kind: all the benches of the boxes and pit being entirely tore up, the glasses and chandeliers broken, and the linings of the boxes cut to pieces. The rashness of the rioters was so great, that they cut away the wooden pillars
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Artaxerxes, the King's younger son, arrives with his guards. Artabanes tells him of his father's death and accuses Artaxerxes's older brother Darius of the murder, "Who but he at dead of night could penetrate The palace? Who could approach the royal bed? Nay, more, his royal ambition..." Artaxerxes
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When Dr Arne first brought the Opera of Artaxeres to a rehearsal, Tenducci sung the Air "Water parted from the Sea" with such effect that Miss Brent for whom the part of Mandane was composed, flew to Dr Arne with some violence, and told him "he might get whom he pleas'd to take Mandane; because he
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In the King's palace, the execution of Darius is announced. However, Rimenes (also in love with Semira) has Arbaces led into the chamber in chains, announcing that the bloody sword used to kill Xerxes had been found in his possession. Arbaces is now condemned to death. However, Artaxerxes, who had
182:, proved very successful. The work was revived at the theatre the following year, although this second run was marred by a riot. On 24 February 1763 a mob protesting the abolition of half-price admissions stormed the theatre in the middle of the performance. According to a contemporary account in 276:. The production was directed by Martin Duncan and designed by Johan Engels using a new performing edition of the score by Ian Page with a reconstruction of the final chorus by Duncan Druce. The cast included Christopher Ainsley as Artaxerxes, Rebecca Bottone, Caitlin Hulcup and Elizabeth Watts. 486:
Artabanes is now faced with seeing his son die or confessing the truth. He confesses to all that he has poisoned the cup, intending to kill Artaxerxes and that he had also assassinated Xerxes. Artabanes is led off in chains. Artaxerxes, out of his love for Semira and his gratitude to Arbaces,
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and his men are at the palace gates. The danger is averted when Arbaces kills the traitor, confirming to Artaxerxes that his friend is innocent. Artaxerxes then offers the sacred cup to Arbaces instead so that he may pledge his innocence.
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in many of her American concerts, although one contemporary New York critic pronounced it "Nothing but a tie-wig-ish vocal exercise in triplets from beginning to end". Its popularity with singers continued into the 20th century. Both
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long been a friend of Arbaces, doubts his guilt. He releases Arbaces from prison and allows him to escape through a secret passage. Rimenes, encouraged by Artabanes, then goes off to lead a rebellion against Artaxerxes.
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or the final chorus. The original performing version of the score was lost in the fire that destroyed the Theatre Royal in 1808. After that date, performances of the work used a shortened version reconstructed by
320:. The more virtuosic role of Arbaces went through a considerable amount of casting instability in the 19th century. It was sometimes sung by sopranos, and at other times transposed for 1594: 1322: 593:
and Miss Huntley in a concert in Philadelphia in 1796 and published that same year as an arrangement for piano and voice by Filippo Trisobio with the title, "A Celebrated Duett in
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commands Artabanes to avenge his father's death by killing Darius. Later in the garden, Artaxerxes expresses his love to Semira, the daughter of Artabanes and sister of Arbaces.
507:"The Soldier, tir'd of war's alarms" (sung by Mandane in act 3) was a frequently performed recital piece for virtuoso sopranos, particularly in the 19th century. It was sung by 1051: 523:"Water parted from the sea" (sung by Arbaces in act 3) was a popular concert piece in the 18th and 19th centuries. There are also several allusions to it in 1106: 585:"Fair Aurora, pr'ythee stay" (sung by Arbaces and Mandane in act 1) was heard in the United States as early as 1769 in a concert at New York's 216:
had received well over 100 performances, including 48 in Dublin alone between 1765 and 1767. In the United States, the overture was played in
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condemns their father to eternal exile rather than death. The opera ends with the two pairs of lovers reunited and the jubilation of all.
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was composed when the castrato singers were at their height. The title role (Artaxerxes) and that of Arbaces were written for the Italian
1281: 1357: 1294: 264:, a BBC concert performance in 1979, and another concert performance in 2002 by the Classical Opera Company conducted by Ian Page at 1232:. Strong on Music: The New York Music Scene in the Days of George Templeton Strong. Vol. 2. University of Chicago Press. 1007:, 11–14 March 2008. Accessed 1 October 2009. Now published as Michael Burden, "Imaging Mandane: character, costume monument", 1579: 1384: 1350: 284: 208:
between the boxes, so if the inside of them had not been iron, they would have brought down the galleries upon their heads.
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in the 19th century. In the 1827 and 1828 performances in London, Artaxerxes was sung by the contraltos Eliza Paton and
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Notable modern revivals of the work include a 1962 performance in London's St. Pancras Town Hall as part of the
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This article is about an opera by Thomas Arne. For a later opera by Josef MysliveÄŤek on the same theme, see
958:. Filippo Trisobio was an Italian voice teacher and composer living in Philadelphia, where he died in 1798. 1004: 725: 184: 332:, Patrica Spence, in the 1995 Hyperion recording. The role was also sung by a mezzo-soprano in the 2009 1534: 265: 229: 1377: 1318: 1207: 730: 586: 237: 665:
in 2009 to celebrate Arne's 300th birthday was followed by release of a studio recording in 2010 by
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remained in the London repertoire for over 70 years with regular revivals including those at the
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who sang the role 1827. Considered too high for a modern counter-tenor, Arbaces was sung by a
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and again in that city in 1794 in a concert at the City Tavern. It was also sung by
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respectively. With the waning of the castrati, the title role was sung by women
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in 1835 as "a charming imitation of the simpler Italian style of that period".
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in 1767. The US premiere of the complete opera came on 31 January 1828 at the
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for "Fair Aurora, pr'ythee stay" (p. 1), published in Philadelphia in 1796
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Synopsis adapted from the 1827 acting copy of the libretto, published in
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A live recording of a 1979 BBC concert performance was once available on
537:(London, 1808), its beauty caused considerable friction between Arne and 524: 308: 142: 124: 58: 41: 574:'s orchestration for the aria "Soon arrives thy fatal hour" in his 1763 49: 1473: 1340: 1026: 350: 249: 128: 1249:"Theatrical riots and cultural politics in eighteenth-century London" 567: 268:. To mark Thomas Arne's 300th birthday, a fully staged production of 136: 81: 21: 615: 373: 364: 299: 191: 159: 132: 723:
A similar riot occurred the month before during a performance of
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was performed in October 2009 in the Linbury Theatre of London's
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had been published in 1762. However, it did not contain the
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Riot over the abolition of half price admission fees at the
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as early as 1765, while arias from the opera were heard in
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set to an English adaptation (probably by Arne himself) of
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Opera world premieres at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden
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Music in Art: International Journal for Music Iconography
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A Day in Eighteenth-Century London: Texts and Contexts
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For other operas on the same theme, see 1358:International Music Score Library Project 1310:Early Concert-Life in America (1731–1800) 1246: 1179:Musical History, Biography, and Criticism 734: 601:pieces in the opera, it was described by 1285:, 8th Edition). Accessed 1 October 2009. 1152:Hodgart, Matthew; Bauerle, Ruth (1997). 1049: 784: 494: 283: 190: 1303: 1172: 1130: 1104: 967: 943: 931: 919:(London, 1808), pp. 120–121, quoted in 811: 769: 1557: 1186: 1015: 996: 979: 920: 799: 637:(Mandane), Patricia Spence (Arbaces), 169: 1366: 1105:Dunnett, Roderic (11 December 2002). 708: 706: 1011:, 34: 1–2 (2009), pp.  107–136. 676:– Christopher Ainslie (Artaxerxes), 150:premiered on 2 February 1762 at the 1077:and the feminization of virtuosity" 1071:D'Arcy Wood, Gillan (Summer 2008). 1062:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia 713:University of North Texas Libraries 13: 1111:, St John's, Smith Square, London" 703: 14: 1611: 1334: 1542: 1519: 1518: 1198:, 1995. Accessed 1 October 2009. 1158:. University of Illinois Press. 856:, Volume 19, J. Cumberland, 1828 597:. Fair Aurora". Unlike the more 341:Roles, voice types, premier cast 1392: 949: 909: 892: 875: 859: 844: 367:' younger son; Arbaces' friend 199:, during a 1763 performance of 1326:(1763) – Thomas Augustine Arne 739: 717: 490: 1: 696: 609: 1580:Operas set in ancient Persia 900:Hodgart & Bauerle (1997) 758:Hodgart & Bauerle (1997) 440:Rimenes, Artabanes' captain 197:Theatre Royal, Covent Garden 180:Theatre Royal, Covent Garden 152:Theatre Royal, Covent Garden 7: 1247:McPherson, Heather (2002). 1016:Camner, James (July 1996). 1005:City University of New York 726:The Two Gentlemen of Verona 454: 162:after his assassination by 10: 1616: 1328:. Accessed 1 October 2009. 1299:. Accessed 1 October 2009. 1050:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005). 989: 692:(released 2010 as CKD 358) 416:Arbaces, son of Artabanes 401:, general of Xerxes' army 257:and John Addison in 1813. 123:in three acts composed by 15: 1516: 1484: 1409: 1400: 1319:University of North Texas 1313:. Breitkopf & Härtel. 1229:Reverberations, 1850–1856 1218:. Accessed 1 October 2009 946:, pp. 145, 168, 235. 883:Beverly Sills and Friends 570:bass was an influence on 178:(2 February 1762) at the 158:who succeeded his father 93:2 February 1762 88: 75: 67: 62:in the title role in 1827 47: 36: 31: 1347:, hyperion-records.co.uk 1204:Johns Hopkins University 1137:. Taylor & Francis. 956:Johns Hopkins University 423:Giusto Fernando Tenducci 304:Giusto Fernando Tenducci 279: 185:The Gentleman's Magazine 1590:English-language operas 1270:(subscription required) 1208:"A Celebrated Duett in 1131:Heighes, Simon (1995). 1100:(subscription required) 1045:(subscription required) 885:(Deutsche Grammophon); 870:Brodsky Lawrence (1995) 520:have recorded the aria. 266:St John's, Smith Square 1275:Norton Topics Online, 1224:Brodsky Lawrence, Vera 1073:"The castrato's tale: 772:, pp. 67–68, 172. 547: 503: 355:Cast at 1762 premiere 292: 244:(1836). The score for 210: 203: 18:Artaserse (MysliveÄŤek) 1575:Operas by Thomas Arne 1082:The Wordsworth Circle 542: 498: 302:, Nicolò Peretti and 287: 205: 194: 174:The opening night of 104:Covent Garden theatre 1507:A-Hunting We Will Go 1403:List of compositions 747:Norton Topics Online 645:(conductor). Label: 560:The Age Of Bel Canto 541:, the first Mandane. 262:St. Pancras Festival 140:. The first English 866:Richard Grant White 653:The performance of 343: 170:Performance history 1034:on 2 November 2012 902:, p. 238 and 839:D'Arcy Wood (2008) 731:Drury Lane Theatre 504: 339: 293: 242:St James's Theatre 238:Drury Lane Theatre 204: 1530: 1529: 1500:Soft Flowing Avon 1458:Love in a Village 1291:Royal Opera House 1182:. John W. Parker. 917:Green Room Gossip 915:Gridiron Gabble, 827:Royal Opera House 659:Royal Opera House 535:Green Room Gossip 500:Piano–vocal score 452: 451: 419:soprano castrato 334:Royal Opera House 314:Elizabeth Vestris 291:as Mandane (1827) 274:Royal Opera House 112: 111: 55:Elizabeth Vestris 1607: 1547: 1546: 1538: 1522: 1521: 1493:Rule, Britannia! 1466:The Fairy Prince 1442:Thomas and Sally 1387: 1380: 1373: 1364: 1363: 1356:: Scores at the 1345:Italian libretto 1329: 1314: 1300: 1286: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1264: 1243: 1219: 1215: 1199: 1196:Hyperion Records 1183: 1169: 1148: 1127: 1125: 1123: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1094: 1067: 1065: 1060:2 February 1762" 1059: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1039: 1030:. 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'Fair Aurora 1200: 1184: 1170: 1164: 1149: 1143: 1128: 1102: 1068: 1047: 1013: 993: 991: 988: 985: 984: 972: 970:, p. 312. 968:Hogarth (1835) 960: 948: 944:Sonneck (1907) 936: 934:, p. 242. 932:Heighes (1995) 924: 908: 891: 874: 858: 843: 831: 816: 812:Dunnett (2002) 804: 789: 774: 770:Sonneck (1907) 762: 750: 738: 716: 701: 700: 698: 695: 694: 693: 686:Andrew Staples 682:Caitlin Hulcup 651: 650: 635:Catherine Bott 611: 608: 607: 606: 603:George Hogarth 583: 548: 530:Finnegans Wake 521: 492: 489: 468: 467: 463:Ancient Persia 456: 453: 450: 449: 444: 441: 437: 436: 433: 430: 426: 425: 420: 417: 413: 412: 407: 402: 395: 394: 389: 384: 380: 379: 376: 368: 357: 356: 353: 348: 289:Mary Ann Paton 281: 278: 171: 168: 110: 109: 102: 92: 90: 86: 85: 77: 73: 72: 69: 65: 64: 53: 45: 44: 34: 33: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1612: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1562: 1560: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1539: 1536: 1525: 1515: 1508: 1504: 1501: 1497: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1487: 1483: 1476: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1467: 1463: 1460: 1459: 1455: 1452: 1451: 1447: 1444: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1435: 1431: 1428: 1427: 1423: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1388: 1383: 1381: 1376: 1374: 1369: 1368: 1365: 1359: 1355: 1353: 1349: 1346: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1327: 1325: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1311: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1297: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1245: 1241: 1239:0-226-47010-5 1235: 1231: 1230: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1211: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1192: 1189:Liner Notes: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1165:0-252-06557-3 1161: 1157: 1156: 1150: 1146: 1144:0-8153-2357-3 1140: 1136: 1135: 1129: 1118: 1117: 1112: 1110: 1103: 1088: 1084: 1083: 1078: 1076: 1069: 1061: 1055: 1048: 1033: 1029: 1028: 1023: 1021: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 999: 995: 994: 981: 980:Camner (1996) 976: 969: 964: 957: 952: 945: 940: 933: 928: 922: 921:Burden (2008) 918: 912: 905: 901: 895: 888: 884: 878: 872:, p. 282 871: 867: 862: 855: 854: 847: 840: 835: 828: 823: 821: 813: 808: 801: 800:Holman (1995) 796: 794: 786: 781: 779: 771: 766: 760:, p. 22. 759: 754: 748: 742: 736: 732: 728: 727: 720: 714: 709: 707: 702: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 672: 671: 670: 668: 664: 663:Covent Garden 660: 656: 648: 644: 640: 639:Ian Partridge 636: 632: 628: 625: 624: 623: 621: 617: 604: 600: 596: 592: 591:Raynor Taylor 588: 584: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 564:muted violins 561: 557: 553: 552:Marilyn Horne 549: 546: 540: 536: 532: 531: 526: 522: 519: 518:Beverly Sills 515: 510: 506: 505: 501: 497: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 466: 464: 459: 458: 448: 445: 442: 439: 438: 434: 431: 428: 427: 424: 421: 418: 415: 414: 411: 408: 406: 403: 400: 397: 396: 393: 390: 388: 385: 382: 381: 377: 375: 372: 369: 366: 362: 359: 358: 354: 352: 349: 346: 345: 337: 335: 331: 330:mezzo-soprano 327: 323: 319: 318:counter-tenor 315: 311: 310: 305: 301: 297: 290: 286: 277: 275: 271: 267: 263: 258: 256: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 222:New York City 219: 215: 209: 202: 198: 193: 189: 187: 186: 181: 177: 167: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 144: 139: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 117: 105: 91: 87: 84: 83: 79:Metastasio's 78: 74: 71:probably Arne 70: 66: 61: 60: 56: 51: 46: 43: 39: 35: 30: 27: 23: 19: 1472: 1464: 1456: 1449: 1448: 1440: 1432: 1424: 1416: 1351: 1343:'s original 1323: 1309: 1295: 1280: 1261:. 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Retrieved 1032:the original 1025: 1019: 1008: 975: 963: 951: 939: 927: 916: 911: 903: 894: 886: 882: 877: 861: 852: 846: 834: 807: 765: 753: 741: 724: 719: 690:Linn Records 673: 667:Linn Records 654: 652: 630: 626: 613: 598: 594: 579: 572:Philip Hayes 559: 543: 534: 528: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 460: 435:Miss Thomas 307: 295: 294: 269: 259: 255:Henry Bishop 245: 233: 226:Park Theatre 218:Philadelphia 213: 211: 206: 200: 183: 175: 173: 156:Artaxerxes I 147: 141: 135: 115: 114: 113: 80: 57: 26: 1600:Music riots 1585:Opera seria 1565:1762 operas 1485:Other works 1394:Thomas Arne 1321:Libraries, 684:(Arbaces), 680:(Mandane), 643:Roy Goodman 525:James Joyce 491:Noted arias 326:John Braham 309:en travesti 250:recitatives 232:as Semira. 143:opera seria 125:Thomas Arne 59:en travesti 42:Thomas Arne 1559:Categories 1474:The Cooper 1450:Artaxerxes 1352:Artaxerxes 1341:Metastasio 1324:Artaxerxes 1296:Artaxerxes 1210:Artaxerxes 1191:Artaxerxes 1109:Artaxerxes 1075:Artaxerxes 1054:Artaxerxes 1027:Opera News 1020:Artaxerxes 868:quoted in 745:quoted in 697:References 674:Artaxerxes 655:Artaxerxes 627:Artaxerxes 610:Recordings 595:Artaxerxes 580:Telemachus 410:John Beard 361:Artaxerxes 351:Voice type 296:Artaxerxes 270:Artaxerxes 246:Artaxerxes 234:Artaxerxes 214:Artaxerxes 201:Artaxerxes 176:Artaxerxes 148:Artaxerxes 129:Metastasio 116:Artaxerxes 97:1762-02-02 68:Librettist 32:Artaxerxes 1263:1 October 1122:1 October 1093:1 October 1038:1 October 906:for more. 568:pizzicato 465:c. 465 BC 461:Setting: 399:Artabanes 336:revival. 212:By 1790, 164:Artabanus 137:Artaserse 82:Artaserse 22:Artaserse 1524:Category 1509:" (1777) 1502:" (1769) 1495:" (1740) 1307:(1907). 1226:(1995). 1176:(1835). 455:Synopsis 432:soprano 374:castrato 324:such as 300:castrati 160:Xerxes I 133:libretto 131:'s 1729 106:, London 89:Premiere 76:Based on 1018:"Arne: 990:Sources 889:(Decca) 729:at the 657:at the 599:bravura 387:soprano 95: ( 1570:Operas 1535:Portal 1477:(1772) 1469:(1771) 1461:(1762) 1453:(1762) 1445:(1760) 1437:(1754) 1429:(1740) 1426:Alfred 1421:(1738) 1410:Operas 1354:(Arne) 1236:  1162:  1141:  1058:  904:passim 576:masque 566:and a 443:tenor 365:Xerxes 322:tenors 119:is an 1549:Opera 1434:Eliza 1418:Comus 556:Decca 405:tenor 347:Role 280:Roles 121:opera 38:Opera 1265:2009 1234:ISBN 1160:ISBN 1139:ISBN 1124:2009 1095:2009 1040:2009 881:See 516:and 371:alto 558:'s 527:'s 40:by 1561:: 1293:, 1257:43 1255:. 1251:. 1194:, 1113:. 1087:38 1085:. 1079:. 1024:. 819:^ 792:^ 777:^ 705:^ 669:. 661:, 622:. 616:LP 578:, 363:, 188:: 166:. 146:, 1537:: 1505:" 1498:" 1491:" 1386:e 1379:t 1372:v 1267:. 1242:. 1216:" 1214:' 1168:. 1147:. 1126:. 1107:" 1097:. 1066:. 1056:, 1052:" 1042:. 1022:" 982:. 841:. 829:. 814:. 802:. 787:. 629:( 582:. 99:) 24:.

Index

Artaserse (MysliveÄŤek)
Artaserse
Opera
Thomas Arne

Elizabeth Vestris
en travesti
Artaserse
Covent Garden theatre
opera
Thomas Arne
Metastasio
libretto
Artaserse
opera seria
Theatre Royal, Covent Garden
Artaxerxes I
Xerxes I
Artabanus
Theatre Royal, Covent Garden
The Gentleman's Magazine

Theatre Royal, Covent Garden
Philadelphia
New York City
Park Theatre
Elizabeth Austin
Drury Lane Theatre
St James's Theatre
recitatives

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