1309:
72:
1421:), then, is a habit or trained faculty of choice, the characteristic of which lies in moderation or observance of the mean relatively to the persons concerned, as determined by reason, i.e., by the reason by which the prudent man would determine it."
332:) to anything: for example, the excellence of a chimney, the excellence of a bull for breeding, and the excellence of a man. The meaning of the word changes depending on what it describes since everything has its own excellence; the
246:
involves all of the abilities and potentialities available to humans. Though particularly associated with "manly" qualities, the
Homeric usage of the term was not necessarily gender-specific, as Homer applied the term to both the
1474:
which reads: "And what is well and what is badly—need we ask Lysias, or any other poet or orator, who ever wrote or will write either a political or any other work, in metre or out of metre, poet or prose writer, to teach us
1528:. She is a precocious teenager who also appears in the sequel. Arete's name and its meaning ("excellence") is a small but important plot point in the book—as well as a general theme of the series as a whole.
180:
that, in its most basic sense, refers to "excellence" of any kind—especially a person or thing's "full realization of potential or inherent function." The term may also refer to excellence in "
1432:: "Finally, brothers and sisters, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is just, whatever is pure, whatever is pleasing, whatever is commendable, if there is any excellence (
1546:
in his discussion of athletic training and the education of young boys. It was commonly believed that the mind, body, and soul each had to be developed for a man to live a life of
554:. Though associated with "manly" qualities, the Homeric usage of the term was not necessarily gender-specific, as Homer applied the term to major female figures as well as the
2161:
1295:
292:
is knowledge" are used interchangeably. In this sense, the highest human potential is knowledge, and all other human abilities derive from this central capacity. If
1338:("Exacters of Justice"). As with many minor Greek deities, there is little or no real mythical background to Arete, who is used at most as a personification of
1470:: "And what is good, Phaedrus, And what is not good—Need we ask anyone to tell us these things?" Pirsig's line plays off a line in the Platonic dialogue
2154:
596:
virtuosity "operate within the politics of reputation, whose normative poles are honor and shame." Dying in battle or securing a victory in the
1288:
2147:
1367:. At a crossroads, Arete appeared to Heracles as a young maiden and offered him glory and a life of struggle against evil; her counterpart
1831:
1769:
2579:
2056:
3568:
2080:
1452:
1281:
1789:
2626:
614:("honor"). So, not only is Achilles a brave and brilliant warrior but also, from the outset, he is destined to die in battle at
475:
has a common definition of excellence or fulfillment may be an overstatement simply because it was very difficult to pinpoint
1950:
457:
means boys would be educated towards things that are useful in life. However, there is no agreement about what constitutes
17:
2611:
1914:
519:, though it is not limited to this. For instance, the excellence of the gods generally included their power, but, in the
1898:
1666:
2479:
1314:
1558:. Athletics did not need to occupy one's life, but could be used to exercise the body into the right condition for
592:
is associated with the goodness and prowess of a warrior. Debra Hawhee points out that the norms and practices of
2921:
1940:
1719:
2564:
2125:
569:
states that "far-sounding Zeus takes away half the arete of a man, when the day of slavery takes hold of him."
1496:
162:
3573:
1723:
3428:
2946:
2734:
2028:
1715:
1598:
1429:
1357:
1308:
2662:
1660:
30:
This article is about the philosophical concept. For the thin ridge of rock formed by glaciers, see
3445:
3013:
2621:
2546:
2170:
1654:
680:
439:
1377:, 'badness') offered him wealth and pleasure. Heracles chose to follow the path of Arete.
327:
156:
3355:
3093:
2879:
2784:
2502:
151:
39:
3028:
2472:
1739:
1393:
1318:
by
Carracci, 1596. Depicts Hercules deciding between Vice (right) and Virtue, or Arete (left)
597:
177:
3248:
1888:
1859:
1385:
1323:
1180:
950:
910:
349:
196:
120:
8:
3083:
3023:
2884:
2616:
2519:
2100:
1486:: "O father Zeus, give honor to this hymn for a victor at Olympia, and to his now famous
1458:
1235:
694:
511:
mainly describes heroes and nobles and their mobile dexterity, with special reference to
283:
3048:
2677:
2584:
2513:
2331:
2139:
2060:
1994:
1773:
1483:
1411:
1165:
1015:
970:
685:
425:
1657: – Learned ability to respond to the environment in a socially appropriate manner
3389:
3383:
3141:
3134:
3003:
2844:
2702:
2411:
2134:
1998:
1986:
1946:
1894:
1884:
1592:
1397:
1210:
1105:
1065:
1010:
915:
875:
512:
445:
Aristotle deliberated on the various goals of education: including practical skills,
192:
77:
35:
3312:
3149:
3043:
2896:
2596:
2569:
2559:
2465:
2076:
1978:
1522:
1425:
1100:
990:
930:
895:
860:
855:
845:
689:
555:
421:
248:
3578:
3510:
3223:
3157:
3078:
2507:
2391:
2106:
1604:
825:
668:
71:
3269:
2647:
1512:
1339:
840:
660:
417:
315:
211:
135:
110:
1552:. This led to the thought that athletics had to be present in order to obtain
3562:
3454:
3068:
3053:
3033:
2834:
2819:
2804:
2717:
2712:
2606:
2590:
2529:
1990:
1813:
1711:
1675:
1612:
1506:
1441:
1389:
632:
264:
3396:
3320:
3290:
3126:
3088:
3038:
3008:
2976:
2966:
2961:
2874:
2854:
2774:
2574:
2553:
2524:
1636:
1616:
1381:
795:
780:
628:
547:
225:
224:
is of the highest effectiveness; such a person uses all of their faculties—
1982:
1663: – Latin phrase regarding health ("a healthy mind in a healthy body")
1345:
The only surviving story involving Arete was told in the 5th century
1326:(goddess of concord, unanimity, and oneness of mind), and the daughter of
273:
is frequently associated with bravery, but more often with effectiveness.
3108:
2998:
2916:
2839:
2789:
2692:
1130:
353:
1585:
of ancient Greeks: the training of the boy to manhood. This training in
3421:
3230:
3198:
3063:
2988:
2956:
2936:
2809:
2799:
2759:
2739:
2697:
2401:
2301:
1482:
ode inscribed on the base of an
Olympian victor's statue for the boxer
1438:) and if there is anything worthy of praise, think about these things."
1333:
865:
559:
528:
411:
399:
252:
202:
63:
3469:
3215:
3213:
3206:
3204:
3181:
3058:
2891:
2869:
2859:
2814:
2794:
2764:
2754:
2729:
2652:
2601:
2371:
2261:
2181:
2052:
1855:
1765:
1645:
1596:
1586:
1578:
1572:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1537:
1502:
1487:
1463:
1445:
1433:
1416:
1331:
1327:
1225:
1215:
1135:
1070:
940:
850:
775:
730:
646:
640:
619:
607:
601:
587:
581:
551:
541:
531:
506:
476:
470:
464:
458:
452:
446:
433:
429:
409:
397:
391:
373:
367:
357:
339:
333:
319:
303:
293:
287:
277:
268:
241:
219:
144:
106:
3341:
396:
as applied to men had developed to include quieter virtues, such as
306:
called "contemplation", is the highest human ability and happiness.
3462:
3283:
3191:
3073:
2993:
2951:
2926:
2901:
2849:
2779:
2724:
2687:
2682:
2672:
2667:
2657:
2281:
2241:
2191:
2124:
Kerferd, G.B. (1967). "Arete/Agathon/Kakon". In
Edwards, P. (ed.).
2016:. Translated by Fagles, Robert. London: Penguin Classics Deluxe Ed.
1608:
1467:
1364:
1353:
1330:(goddess of justice). Arete and Homonoia were known jointly as the
1245:
1230:
1220:
1185:
1160:
1125:
1115:
1025:
1020:
1005:
985:
925:
890:
885:
835:
785:
699:
577:
537:
524:
379:
260:
256:
3541:
3403:
2135:
Areté: Activate Your Heroic
Potential by Brian Johnson | Goodreads
282:
is explicitly linked with human knowledge, where the expressions "
187:
The concept was also occasionally personified as a minor goddess,
31:
3517:
3503:
3436:
3369:
3334:
3262:
3018:
2941:
2911:
2864:
2824:
2749:
2707:
2321:
2201:
1580:
1515:
1350:
1255:
1200:
1150:
1120:
1095:
975:
945:
905:
880:
800:
760:
516:
501:
405:
302:. In this light, the theoretical study of human knowledge, which
237:
229:
173:
81:
3376:
3297:
609:
372:, the word which shows superlative ability and superiority, and
214:, this notion of excellence was bound up with the notion of the
3485:
3477:
3348:
3327:
3276:
3255:
3098:
2829:
2488:
2441:
2421:
2381:
2361:
2251:
2211:
1681:
1624:
1564:, just as the mind and soul would be exercised by other means.
1518:
1479:
1322:
Arete was occasionally personified as a goddess, the sister of
1250:
1240:
1195:
1190:
1175:
1170:
1140:
1090:
1075:
1055:
1050:
980:
960:
935:
830:
790:
740:
735:
725:
593:
181:
820:
463:, which leads to disagreement about how to train students for
3362:
3304:
3175:
2971:
2931:
2769:
2631:
2431:
2351:
2311:
2291:
2221:
2096:
1620:
1543:
1368:
1265:
1260:
1205:
1155:
1145:
1110:
1085:
1080:
1060:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1000:
995:
965:
955:
920:
870:
805:
765:
755:
750:
495:
490:
345:
215:
200:
1820:. Vol. I. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 5.
356:
was presumed, essentially by definition, to be exemplary of
3533:
3525:
2983:
2906:
2744:
2341:
2271:
1361:
900:
810:
770:
745:
615:
167:
2457:
1738:
3103:
233:
2169:
1977:(3). The Pennsylvania State University Press: 185–207.
1671:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1650:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1641:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
218:
or function: living up to one's potential. A person of
3310:
481:, much less the proper ways to go about obtaining it.
3147:
3124:
1456:, which includes an extensive discussion of Plato's
536:, which here is generally translated as prosperity.
325:
1832:"Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, Bekker page 1094a"
1521:work to achieve the ideal society as described in
344:of a horse. This way of thinking originates from
3560:
2012:Knox, Bernard (1996). "Introduction and notes".
1893:(3rd ed.). University of California Press.
1728:(9th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
424:that incorporated this new usage, it was in the
378:was constantly used in the plural to denote the
255:heroes as well as major female figures, such as
191:(not to be confused with the mythological Queen
3539:
3523:
2473:
2155:
1289:
298:is knowledge, the highest human knowledge is
1710:
3475:
3452:
3443:
3434:
2130:. New York: Macmillan & The Free Press.
2029:"The Memorabilia Recollections of Socrates"
1969:Hawhee, Debra (2002). "Agonism and Arete".
1511:in which a group of people gathered by the
1372:
2580:Four Cardinal Principles and Eight Virtues
2480:
2466:
2162:
2148:
1495:Arete is the name of a key protagonist in
1296:
1282:
70:
2082:Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance
2051:
2035:, translated by Dakyns, Macmillan and Co.
1453:Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance
1450:" as a synonym for "quality" in his book
1346:
438:found its fullest flowering. Aristotle's
387:
2026:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1684: – Masculine virtue in Ancient Rome
1307:
2627:Values in Action Inventory of Strengths
2123:
1648: – Narrative about a divine figure
442:is a paradigm example of his thinking.
14:
3561:
2075:
1968:
1938:
1883:
1812:
2461:
2143:
1964:
1962:
1868:
1854:
1764:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1595:, for which the Greeks developed the
1360:", it concerns the early life of the
618:with the utmost glory—a guarantor of
2171:Ancient Greek philosophical concepts
2011:
1818:Paideia; the Ideals of Greek Culture
1462:and the historical contrast between
1403:
659:For the Roman equivalent deity, see
366:The root of the word is the same as
2612:Teachings of the Seven Grandfathers
1939:Powell, Anton (11 September 2002).
420:). Though Plato tried to produce a
34:. For the mythological figure, see
24:
2117:
1959:
1695:
1678: – Normative ethical theories
1639: – Normative ethical theories
1603:; mental training, which included
654:
606:("good") and, hence, deserving of
386:By the 5th and 4th centuries
25:
3590:
2095:
546:, as another example, relates to
236:—to achieve real results. In the
3569:Concepts in ancient Greek ethics
451:, and theory. Educating towards
300:knowledge about knowledge itself
56:Goddess of excellence and virtue
2089:
2069:
2045:
2020:
2005:
1932:
1740:"Arete: definition and meaning"
1667:Pirsig's metaphysics of Quality
338:of a man is different from the
2565:Catalogue of Vices and Virtues
2127:The Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1907:
1848:
1824:
1806:
1782:
1758:
1732:
1415:, Book 2, chapter 6: "Virtue (
550:, for which she is praised by
348:, where it can be seen in the
210:In its earliest appearance in
13:
1:
1688:
1577:is a significant part of the
1380:This story was later used by
651:, the Greek word for "pray".
195:), who, together with sister
3214:
3205:
3182:
2065:. Translated by Peters, F.H.
1597:
1587:
1579:
1573:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1538:
1532:
1488:
1446:
1434:
1417:
1332:
647:
641:
620:
608:
602:
588:
582:
542:
532:
527:asked the gods to grant the
507:
477:
471:
465:
459:
453:
447:
434:
410:
398:
392:
374:
368:
358:
340:
334:
320:
294:
288:
278:
269:
242:
220:
168:
145:
7:
3311:
3148:
3125:
2487:
1630:
27:Greek philosophical concept
10:
3595:
1744:Collins English Dictionary
1567:
1358:Hercules at the crossroads
658:
645:" is also associated with
576:, the way Homer describes
326:
309:
155:
29:
3495:
3413:
3240:
3167:
3117:
2640:
2538:
2495:
2177:
1945:. Routledge. p. 53.
1790:"Plato, Republic, Book 6"
1669: – Theory of reality
1661:Mens sana in corpore sano
1619:training, which included
1373:
259:, the wife of Greek hero
207:("Exacters of Justice").
131:
126:
116:
102:
97:
89:
69:
61:
54:
49:
1655:Maturity (psychological)
484:
1971:Philosophy and Rhetoric
1919:Perseus Digital Library
1890:Ancient Greek Athletics
1836:Perseus Digital Library
1794:Perseus Digital Library
1725:A Greek–English Lexicon
201:
3540:
3524:
3476:
3453:
3444:
3435:
1319:
384:
216:fulfillment of purpose
40:Arete (disambiguation)
38:. For other uses, see
3029:Righteous indignation
1983:10.1353/par.2003.0004
1501:, the second book of
1498:The Philosopher Kings
1424:In the Admonition of
1394:Clement of Alexandria
1311:
432:that the doctrine of
364:
352:. In particular, the
178:ancient Greek thought
2547:Bodhipakkhiyā dhammā
1386:Methodius of Olympus
440:Doctrine of the Mean
350:Allegory of the Cave
18:Arete (moral virtue)
3574:Hellenistic deities
2617:Theological virtues
2520:Positive psychology
1623:and what is called
284:virtue is knowledge
76:Statue of Arete in
3049:Self-transcendence
2641:Individual virtues
2585:Nine Noble Virtues
2514:Nicomachean Ethics
2062:Nicomachean Ethics
2057:"II. Moral Virtue"
1885:Miller, Stephen G.
1775:Nicomachean Ethics
1484:Diagoras of Rhodes
1412:Nicomachean Ethics
1320:
1315:Choice of Hercules
681:Primordial deities
426:Nicomachean Ethics
354:aristocratic class
276:In some contexts,
3556:
3555:
3552:
3551:
2703:Conscientiousness
2570:Epistemic virtues
2455:
2454:
2226:(first principle)
2077:Pirsig, Robert M.
2027:Xenophon (1897),
1952:978-1-134-69864-6
1921:. Book 13, line 1
1593:physical training
1542:was also used by
1404:Examples of usage
1398:Basil of Caesarea
1384:writers, such as
1306:
1305:
635:' translation of
580:is an example of
318:applied the term
166:
141:
140:
36:Arete (mythology)
16:(Redirected from
3586:
3545:
3529:
3481:
3458:
3449:
3440:
3316:
3219:
3210:
3187:
3153:
3130:
3115:
3114:
3044:Self-cultivation
2597:Prussian virtues
2560:Cardinal virtues
2482:
2475:
2468:
2459:
2458:
2447:
2437:
2427:
2417:
2407:
2397:
2387:
2377:
2367:
2357:
2347:
2337:
2327:
2317:
2307:
2297:
2287:
2277:
2267:
2257:
2247:
2237:
2227:
2217:
2207:
2197:
2187:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2140:
2131:
2111:
2110:
2107:Jowett, Benjamin
2105:. Translated by
2093:
2087:
2086:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1915:"Homer, Odyssey"
1911:
1905:
1904:
1881:
1866:
1865:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1708:
1672:
1651:
1642:
1602:
1590:
1584:
1576:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1541:
1508:Thessaly trilogy
1491:
1449:
1437:
1420:
1376:
1375:
1348:
1337:
1298:
1291:
1284:
709:Personifications
700:Chthonic deities
665:
664:
650:
644:
631:'s notes in the
623:
613:
605:
600:were considered
591:
585:
545:
535:
510:
480:
474:
468:
462:
456:
450:
437:
422:moral philosophy
415:
403:
395:
389:
377:
371:
361:
343:
337:
331:
330:
323:
297:
291:
281:
272:
245:
223:
206:
171:
161:
159:
148:
132:Roman equivalent
84:, 2nd century AD
74:
47:
46:
21:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3548:
3491:
3409:
3236:
3163:
3113:
2636:
2622:Three Treasures
2539:Virtue families
2534:
2508:Moral character
2491:
2486:
2456:
2451:
2445:
2435:
2425:
2415:
2405:
2395:
2385:
2375:
2365:
2355:
2345:
2335:
2325:
2315:
2305:
2295:
2285:
2275:
2265:
2255:
2245:
2235:
2225:
2215:
2205:
2195:
2185:
2173:
2168:
2120:
2118:Further reading
2115:
2114:
2094:
2090:
2074:
2070:
2050:
2046:
2038:
2036:
2025:
2021:
2010:
2006:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1942:The Greek World
1937:
1933:
1924:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1882:
1869:
1853:
1849:
1840:
1838:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1811:
1807:
1798:
1796:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1770:"X: Conclusion"
1763:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1737:
1733:
1718:, eds. (1940).
1709:
1696:
1691:
1670:
1649:
1640:
1633:
1570:
1535:
1430:Philippians 4:8
1409:In Aristotle's
1406:
1302:
1273:
1270:
719:
718:
704:
671:
663:
657:
655:Personification
487:
312:
85:
78:Celsus' Library
57:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3592:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3537:
3530:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3482:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3450:
3441:
3432:
3425:
3417:
3415:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3380:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3244:
3242:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3211:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3179:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3154:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2648:Accountability
2644:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2550:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2485:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2462:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2439:
2429:
2419:
2409:
2399:
2389:
2379:
2369:
2359:
2349:
2339:
2329:
2319:
2309:
2299:
2289:
2279:
2269:
2259:
2249:
2239:
2229:
2219:
2209:
2199:
2189:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2088:
2068:
2044:
2019:
2004:
1958:
1951:
1931:
1906:
1900:978-0300115291
1899:
1867:
1847:
1823:
1814:Jaeger, Werner
1805:
1781:
1757:
1731:
1712:Liddell, H. G.
1693:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1643:
1632:
1629:
1613:basic sciences
1569:
1566:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1513:time-traveling
1493:
1476:
1439:
1422:
1405:
1402:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
722:
716:
715:
714:
711:
710:
706:
705:
703:
702:
697:
692:
683:
677:
674:
673:
656:
653:
486:
483:
469:. To say that
418:self-restraint
316:ancient Greeks
311:
308:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
104:
100:
99:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
75:
67:
66:
62:Member of The
59:
58:
55:
52:
51:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3591:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3544:
3543:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3069:Sportsmanship
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3034:Righteousness
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2947:Nonattachment
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2607:Seven virtues
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2554:Brahmavihārās
2551:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2530:Virtue ethics
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2496:About virtues
2494:
2490:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2471:
2469:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2306:(flourishing)
2304:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2246:(tranquility)
2244:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2188:
2186:(indifferent)
2184:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2165:
2160:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2072:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2034:
2030:
2023:
2015:
2008:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1963:
1954:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1935:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1902:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1819:
1815:
1809:
1795:
1791:
1785:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1746:. 5 July 2023
1745:
1741:
1735:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1694:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1676:Virtue ethics
1674:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1600:
1594:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1575:
1565:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1527:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1448:
1443:
1442:Robert Pirsig
1440:
1436:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1390:Justin Martyr
1387:
1383:
1378:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1325:
1317:
1316:
1310:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
721:
720:
713:
712:
708:
707:
701:
698:
696:
695:Water deities
693:
691:
687:
684:
682:
679:
678:
676:
675:
670:
669:Greek deities
667:
666:
662:
652:
649:
643:
638:
634:
633:Robert Fagles
630:
627:According to
625:
622:
617:
612:
611:
604:
599:
598:Olympic Games
595:
590:
584:
579:
575:
570:
568:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
544:
539:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
509:
504:
503:
498:
497:
492:
482:
479:
473:
467:
461:
455:
449:
443:
441:
436:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
413:
407:
402:
401:
394:
383:
381:
376:
370:
363:
360:
355:
351:
347:
342:
336:
329:
322:
317:
307:
305:
301:
296:
290:
285:
280:
274:
271:
266:
265:Homeric poems
262:
258:
254:
250:
244:
239:
235:
231:
227:
222:
217:
213:
208:
205:
204:
199:, formed the
198:
194:
190:
185:
183:
179:
175:
170:
164:
158:
153:
152:Ancient Greek
149:
147:
137:
134:
130:
125:
122:
119:
115:
112:
108:
105:
101:
96:
92:
88:
83:
79:
73:
68:
65:
60:
53:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3532:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3484:
3468:
3461:
3427:
3420:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3382:
3375:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3333:
3326:
3319:
3303:
3296:
3291:Brahmacharya
3289:
3282:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3229:
3222:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3174:
3156:
3140:
3133:
3089:Tranquillity
3039:Self-control
3009:Renunciation
2967:Philanthropy
2962:Perspicacity
2922:Magnificence
2875:Intelligence
2855:Impartiality
2775:Faithfulness
2663:Authenticity
2589:
2575:Five virtues
2552:
2545:
2525:Trait theory
2512:
2442:
2432:
2422:
2412:
2406:(temperance)
2402:
2392:
2382:
2372:
2362:
2352:
2342:
2332:
2322:
2312:
2302:
2292:
2282:
2272:
2262:
2252:
2242:
2236:(excellence)
2232:
2231:
2222:
2212:
2202:
2192:
2182:
2126:
2101:
2091:
2081:
2071:
2061:
2047:
2037:, retrieved
2032:
2022:
2013:
2007:
1974:
1970:
1941:
1934:
1923:. Retrieved
1918:
1909:
1889:
1860:
1850:
1839:. Retrieved
1835:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1797:. Retrieved
1793:
1784:
1774:
1760:
1748:. Retrieved
1743:
1734:
1724:
1637:Aretaic turn
1571:
1536:
1524:
1507:
1497:
1472:The Phaedrus
1471:
1457:
1451:
1410:
1379:
1356:. Known as "
1344:
1321:
1312:
815:
796:Androktasiai
781:Amphillogiai
636:
629:Bernard Knox
626:
573:
571:
566:
564:
548:co-operation
520:
500:
494:
488:
444:
385:
365:
313:
299:
275:
209:
188:
186:
182:moral virtue
143:
142:
44:
3109:Workmanship
2999:Punctuality
2917:Magnanimity
2840:Hospitality
2790:Forgiveness
2735:Discernment
2693:Cleanliness
2356:(substance)
2346:(intellect)
2326:(imitation)
2296:(character)
2286:(knowledge)
2014:The Odyssey
1492:in boxing."
1131:Peitharchia
637:The Odyssey
127:Equivalents
3563:Categories
3422:Auctoritas
3270:Aparigraha
3249:Adhiṭṭhāna
3231:Sophrosyne
3199:Eutrapelia
3084:Temperance
3064:Solidarity
3054:Simplicity
3014:Resilience
2989:Politeness
2957:Patriotism
2937:Moderation
2810:Good faith
2800:Generosity
2760:Equanimity
2740:Discipline
2698:Compassion
2403:Sophrosyne
2376:(prudence)
2303:Eudaimonia
2266:(division)
2206:(infinite)
2039:2021-06-11
1925:2021-11-30
1841:2021-11-30
1799:2021-11-30
1689:References
1334:Praxidikai
866:Ekecheiria
529:Phaeacians
412:sophrosyne
400:dikaiosyne
203:Praxidikai
64:Praxidicae
3470:Humanitas
3216:Phronesis
3207:Philotimo
3059:Sincerity
3024:Reverence
2892:Judgement
2880:Emotional
2870:Integrity
2860:Innocence
2815:Gratitude
2795:Frugality
2785:Foresight
2765:Etiquette
2755:Endurance
2730:Diligence
2653:Alertness
2602:Scout Law
2503:Endowment
2373:Phronesis
2366:(passion)
2276:(opinion)
2263:Diairesis
2216:(problem)
2183:Adiaphora
2053:Aristotle
1999:143802236
1991:1527-2079
1856:Aristotle
1766:Aristotle
1716:Scott, R.
1646:Aretology
1617:spiritual
1599:gymnasion
1591:included
1533:Athletics
1503:Jo Walton
1480:Pindarian
1464:Dialectic
1382:Christian
1328:Praxidike
1226:Prophasis
1216:Praxidice
1181:Phthisisi
1136:Phaethusa
1071:Mnemosyne
941:Hedylogos
851:Dyssebeia
776:Amechania
731:Adephagia
690:Olympians
552:Agamemnon
523:(13.42),
430:Aristotle
304:Aristotle
263:. In the
163:romanized
107:Praxidice
98:Genealogy
3463:Gravitas
3446:Dignitas
3192:Ataraxia
3074:Sympathy
3004:Religion
2994:Prudence
2952:Patience
2927:Meekness
2902:Kindness
2850:Humility
2845:Humanity
2780:Fidelity
2725:Courtesy
2688:Chivalry
2683:Chastity
2673:Charisma
2668:Calmness
2658:Altruism
2446:(temper)
2396:(wisdom)
2386:(nature)
2316:(reason)
2283:Episteme
2243:Ataraxia
2193:Aletheia
2102:Phaedrus
2079:(1974).
2055:(1906).
1887:(2004).
1861:Politics
1816:(1945).
1631:See also
1609:rhetoric
1525:Republic
1523:Plato's
1468:Rhetoric
1459:Phaedrus
1365:Heracles
1354:Prodicus
1324:Homonoia
1246:Thanatos
1231:Ptocheia
1221:Proioxis
1186:Phthonus
1161:Philotes
1126:Palioxis
1116:Olethros
1026:Lampetia
1021:Kydoimos
1006:Koalemos
986:Hysminai
951:Homonoia
926:Harmonia
911:Eupraxia
891:Epiphron
886:Epidotes
856:Dysnomia
836:Charites
786:Anaideia
594:Athenian
578:Achilles
562:heroes.
538:Penelope
525:Odysseus
513:strength
380:nobility
261:Odysseus
257:Penelope
226:strength
197:Homonoia
121:Homonoia
117:Siblings
3518:Sadaqah
3504:Ganbaru
3437:Decorum
3429:Caritas
3384:Śraddhā
3370:Shaucha
3335:Kshanti
3263:Akrodha
3118:Chinese
3019:Respect
2942:Modesty
2912:Loyalty
2897:Justice
2865:Insight
2825:Honesty
2820:Heroism
2750:Empathy
2708:Courage
2678:Charity
2591:Pāramīs
2489:Virtues
2426:(craft)
2323:Mimesis
2256:(order)
2203:Apeiron
2196:(truth)
2033:Book II
1864:. VIII.
1720:"ἀρετή"
1605:oratory
1581:paideia
1568:Paideia
1516:goddess
1351:sophist
1349:by the
1256:Thrasos
1236:Soteria
1201:Polemos
1151:Penthus
1121:Oneiroi
1096:Nemesis
946:Homados
906:Eunomia
881:Epiales
801:Angelia
761:Alastor
648:araomai
603:agathos
572:In the
567:Odyssey
521:Odyssey
517:courage
502:Odyssey
406:justice
375:aristos
369:aristos
310:History
286:" and "
240:world,
238:Homeric
230:bravery
174:concept
172:) is a
165::
103:Parents
82:Ephesus
3579:Virtue
3486:Virtus
3478:Pietas
3397:Upekṣā
3390:Saddhā
3356:Prajñā
3349:Muditā
3328:Kshama
3321:Karuṇā
3284:Asteya
3277:Ārjava
3256:Ahimsa
3241:Indian
3224:Sophia
3099:Wisdom
2977:Filial
2885:Social
2830:Honour
2443:Thumos
2436:(goal)
2423:Techne
2416:(sage)
2413:sophós
2393:Sophia
2383:Physis
2363:Pathos
2336:(unit)
2253:Cosmos
2213:Aporia
1997:
1989:
1949:
1897:
1750:5 July
1682:Virtus
1625:virtue
1615:; and
1611:, and
1519:Athena
1475:this?"
1444:uses "
1396:, and
1340:virtue
1251:Themis
1241:Telete
1196:Plutus
1191:Pistis
1176:Phonoi
1171:Phrike
1166:Phobos
1141:Peitho
1091:Neikea
1076:Moirai
1056:Maniae
1051:Machai
1016:Kratos
981:Hypnos
976:Hygeia
971:Hybris
961:Horkos
936:Hedone
861:Eirene
841:Deimos
831:Caerus
791:Ananke
741:Aergia
736:Adikia
726:Achlys
686:Titans
672:series
661:Virtus
560:Trojan
408:) and
253:Trojan
232:, and
136:Virtus
93:Female
90:Gender
3542:Virtù
3496:Other
3455:Fides
3414:Latin
3404:Vīrya
3363:Satya
3342:Mettā
3305:Dhṛti
3184:Arete
3176:Agape
3168:Greek
3094:Trust
3079:Taste
2972:Piety
2932:Mercy
2805:Glory
2770:Faith
2718:Moral
2713:Civil
2632:Yamas
2433:Telos
2353:Ousia
2333:Monad
2313:Logos
2293:Ethos
2233:Arete
2223:Arche
2097:Plato
1995:S2CID
1621:music
1588:arete
1574:Arete
1561:arete
1555:arete
1549:arete
1544:Plato
1539:Arete
1489:arete
1478:In a
1447:arete
1435:arete
1418:arete
1374:κακία
1369:Kakia
1266:Zelus
1261:Tyche
1211:Porus
1206:Ponos
1156:Pheme
1146:Penia
1111:Oizys
1106:Nomos
1086:Moros
1081:Momus
1066:Metis
1061:Methe
1046:Lyssa
1041:Litae
1036:Limos
1031:Lethe
1011:Koros
1001:Keres
996:Kakia
966:Horme
956:Horae
921:Geras
916:Gelos
876:Elpis
871:Eleos
816:Arete
806:Apate
766:Algos
756:Alala
751:Aidos
642:arete
621:arete
589:Arete
583:arete
574:Iliad
556:Greek
543:arete
533:arete
508:arete
496:Iliad
491:Homer
485:Homer
478:arete
472:arete
466:arete
460:arete
454:arete
448:arete
435:arete
393:arete
359:arete
346:Plato
341:arete
335:arete
328:ἀρετή
321:arete
295:arete
289:arete
279:arete
270:arete
249:Greek
243:arete
221:arete
212:Greek
193:Arete
189:Arete
169:aretḗ
157:ἀρετή
146:Arete
111:Soter
50:Arete
32:Arête
3534:Sisu
3526:Seny
3511:Giri
3377:Sevā
3298:Dāna
3135:Jing
2984:Pity
2907:Love
2835:Hope
2745:Duty
2343:Nous
2273:Doxa
1987:ISSN
1947:ISBN
1895:ISBN
1752:2023
1466:and
1426:Paul
1362:hero
1313:The
1101:Nike
991:Ioke
931:Hebe
901:Eros
896:Eris
846:Dike
811:Arae
771:Alke
746:Agon
717:List
688:and
616:Troy
610:timê
565:The
558:and
515:and
499:and
314:The
251:and
109:and
3313:Hrī
3150:Ren
3104:Wit
1979:doi
1505:'s
1428:in
1347:BCE
826:Bia
821:Atë
639:, "
540:'s
493:'s
489:In
428:of
388:BCE
234:wit
184:."
176:in
80:in
3565::
3158:Yi
3142:Li
3127:De
2099:.
2059:.
2031:,
1993:.
1985:.
1975:35
1973:.
1961:^
1917:.
1870:^
1858:.
1834:.
1792:.
1772:.
1768:.
1742:.
1722:.
1714:;
1697:^
1627:.
1607:,
1400:.
1392:,
1388:,
1342:.
624:.
586:.
505:,
390:,
267:,
228:,
160:,
154::
3387:/
2481:e
2474:t
2467:v
2163:e
2156:t
2149:v
2109:.
2085:.
2001:.
1981::
1955:.
1928:.
1903:.
1844:.
1802:.
1778:.
1754:.
1371:(
1297:e
1290:t
1283:v
416:(
404:(
382:.
362::
324:(
150:(
42:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
