48:
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299:, a series of economic policies designed to improve the shogunate's standing. By minting new and better quality currency, inflation was controlled. Calculating from trade records, Hakuseki deduced that fully 25% of gold and 75% of silver in Japan had been spent on trades with foreign countries. Concerned that Japan's national resources were at risk, he implemented a new trade policy, the
303:(海舶互市新例), to control payments to Chinese and Dutch merchants by demanding that instead of precious metals, products like silk, porcelain, and dried seafoods should be used for trading. However, the beneficial effects of this policy were limited as the trade of precious metals from
1052:
412:. Since there had been no revolution to change Japan's basic institutions, he argued that the shogun was subordinate to the emperor and that in showing good governance, moral fortitude and respect to the emperor a shogun proved that he held
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and thus to a line of imperial descent in order to show that Ieyasu's political supremacy had been fitting. To strengthen the shogun's power and maintain national prestige he proposed changing the title to koku-ō – nation-king.
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248:. While some of Hakuseki's policies were still carried out after Ienobu's death, after the 6th shogun, Tokugawa Ietsugu, died and
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Kazui, Tashiro; Videen, Susan
Downing (Summer 1982). "Foreign Relations during the Edo Period: Sakoku Reexamined".
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429:
Hakuseki's published writings encompass 237 works in 390 publications in 6 languages and 3,163 library holdings.
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and because he was hot tempered and his brow would crease looking like 火 or "fire", he was affectionately called
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167:. According to one story, at the age of three Hakuseki managed to copy a Confucian book written in
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895:"The Eclectic Development of Neo-Confucianism and Statecraft from the 18th to the 19th Century"
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Japanese historians and the national myths, 1600–1945: The Age of the Gods and
Emperor Jimmu.
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Political
Thought in Japanese Historical Writing: From Kojiki (712) to Tokushi Yoron (1712).
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and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by
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115:, academic, administrator, writer and politician in Japan during the middle of the
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Henderson, Dan Fenno (1970). "Chinese legal studies in early 18th century Japan".
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dynasty's ambassadors, in the face of opposition from the
Tsushima Confucianist
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The Hye Ch'o Diary: Memoirs of the
Pilgrimage to the Five Regions of India
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567:. A work describing the Occident, based on Hakuseki's conversations with
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and the domain's income declined. Hakuseki offered to leave, becoming a
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171:, character by character. Because he was born on the same year as the
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Secret
Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822.
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717:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. p.
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Secret
Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822
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496:("Short Account of the circulation of currency in this realm").
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Told Round a
Brushwood Fire: The Autobiography of Arai Hakuseki
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Told Round a
Brushwood Fire: The Autobiography of Arai Hakuseki
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Fookoua Siriak: traité sur l'origins des richesses au japon
244:
advisers to become the leading confucianist for Ienobu and
955:(2). Journal of Japanese Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2: 283–306.
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918:(1). The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 30, No. 1: 21–56.
160:
228:
In 1693, Hakuseki was called up to serve by the side of
81:
Neo-confucian scholar, academic, administrator, writer
882:
Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid
Laurier University Press.
609:(古史通). A work that detailed ancient history of Japan
1175:
Plays, Prefaces and Postscripts: Theatre of the Mind
416:. He also traced Tokugawa family roots back to the
225:, but he offered the position to a fellow samurai.
814:
635:"Arai Hakuseki | Japanese statesman | Britannica"
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836:Ackroyd, Joyce (Spring 1985). "Correspondence".
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295:, with strong support from Ienobu, he launched
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320:He also simplified rituals for welcoming the
163:and from a very early age displayed signs of
813:Arai Hakuseki Trans. Joyce Ackroyd (1982).
370:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1019:
1005:
187:, but after Masatoshi was assassinated by
1029:UNESCO Collection of Representative Works
909:
676:. Stanford University Press. p. 35.
390:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Japanese scholar and official (1657–1725)
331:
274:
263:), Hoonji temple but was later moved to
140:(白石) was his pen name. His father was a
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817:Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron
217:. He was offered a post by the largest
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1027:Works translated into English for the
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588:(藩翰譜). A list of daimyo's family tree
240:. He went on to displace the official
1168:The Cheapest Nights and Other Stories
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283:was imposed by Arai Hakuseki in 1715.
854:University of British Columbia Press
559:Record of things heard from the West
368:adding citations to reliable sources
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1422:18th-century Japanese philosophers
1387:17th-century Japanese philosophers
1382:Japanese writers of the Edo period
821:. University of Queensland Press.
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1290:The Bodhicaryavatara of Santideva
468:Collected views and strange words
424:
105:, March 24, 1657 – June 29, 1725)
1417:18th-century Japanese historians
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1031:(with original publication date)
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213:and studied under Confucianist
1045:Four Major Plays of Chikamatsu
798:. Princeton University Press.
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1:
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674:A History of Japan, 1334–1615
617:(折りたく柴の記). A diary and memoir
1407:People from Chiba Prefecture
1377:Advisors to Tokugawa shoguns
1088:Complete Works of Chuang Tzu
893:Daehwan, Noh (Winter 2003).
507:by Julius Klaproth). Paris.
406:to both the emperor and the
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89:Japanese history, literature
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949:Journal of Japanese Studies
878:Brownlee, John S. (1991).
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848:Brownlee, John S. (1997)
569:Giovanni Battista Sidotti
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494:Honchō hōka tsūyō jiryaku
486:Brief history of currency
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128:. His personal name was
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38:
1242:The Courtesan of Lucknow
912:Journal of Asian Studies
753:Arai, Hakuseki 1657–1725
658:Screech, Timon. (2006).
621:
311:was uncontrolled by the
195:was forced to move from
711:Totman, Conrad (1993).
672:Sansom, George (1961).
183:. He was a retainer of
1392:Japanese Confucianists
284:
790:Arai Hakuseki Trans.
402:Hakuseki applied the
332:Constitutional policy
301:Kaihaku Goshi Shinrei
278:
232:as a "brain" for the
173:Great Fire of Meireki
159:Hakuseki was born in
1302:The Year of the Hare
1230:Wild Bapu of Garambi
533:Lessons from History
438:adding missing items
364:improve this section
1351:Politics portal
1320:Index Translationum
838:Monumenta Nipponica
742:WorldCat Identities
614:Oritaku Shiba-no-ki
499:_________. (1828).
267:, Kotokuji temple.
1206:War with the Newts
714:Early Modern Japan
639:www.britannica.com
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250:Tokugawa Yoshimune
234:Tokugawa shogunate
119:, who advised the
113:scholar-bureaucrat
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1091:(4th century BCE)
978:, Timon. (2006).
905:on June 14, 2011.
728:978-0-520-20356-3
700:Mark Metzler p.15
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279:An export ban of
255:He was buried in
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246:Tokugawa Ietsugu
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924:10.2307/2942722
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644:December 11,
642:. Retrieved
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600:1977 – 新編藩翰譜
591:1936 – 新井白石集
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448:1709 – 本朝軍器考
434:dynamic list
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414:divine right
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362:Please help
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261:Taitō, Tokyo
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1402:1725 deaths
1397:1657 births
1178:(1926-1974)
1048:(1703-1720)
852:Vancouver:
662:, pp.65–66.
603:1981 – 新令句解
576:1760 – 同文通考
545:Seiyō Kibun
509:(in French)
454:Sairan Igen
380:August 2023
236:and shogun
223:Kaga Domain
1366:Categories
1297:) (c. 700)
1266:Dolly City
1223:Indonesian
784:References
683:0804705259
594:1964 – 戴恩記
573:1729 – 蝦夷志
432:This is a
293:Abe Seikyo
221:, that of
193:Hotta clan
117:Edo period
78:Occupation
1259:Malayalam
940:159910239
844:: 97–106.
579:1805 – 東雅
511:(1712). '
351:does not
205:Fukushima
179:(火の子) or
155:Biography
151:(新井 正済).
134:Kimiyoshi
1372:Hatamoto
1339:Category
1295:Sanskrit
1273:) (1992)
1261:) (1956)
1254:Chemmeen
1249:) (1899)
1225:) (1949)
1213:) (1936)
1037:Japanese
982:London:
794:(1980).
745:Archived
607:Koshitsu
585:Hankanfu
305:Tsushima
203:then to
201:Yamagata
177:Hi no Ko
147:samurai
138:Hakuseki
21:In this
1283:Yiddish
1235:Marathi
1199:Persian
1134:Spanish
1107:Bengali
1080:Chinese
1061:Botchan
976:Screech
932:2942722
864:Tokyo:
582:1894 –
542:1715 –
516:1712 –
477:1711 –
451:1709 –
372:removed
357:sources
309:Satsuma
257:Asakusa
242:Hayashi
86:Subject
27:surname
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1271:Hebrew
1218:Atheis
1160:Arabic
1152:(1949)
1126:(1946)
1123:Jagari
1118:(1929)
1072:(1952)
1064:(1906)
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165:genius
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136:(君美).
122:shōgun
107:was a
25:, the
1211:Czech
1099:(728)
965:JSTOR
936:S2CID
928:JSTOR
622:Notes
552:西洋記聞,
526:読史余論,
461:采覧異言,
440:with
210:rōnin
169:Kanji
130:Kinmi
102:新井 白石
1247:Urdu
988:ISBN
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678:ISBN
646:2021
355:any
353:cite
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289:Rōjū
68:Died
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366:by
219:han
199:to
161:Edo
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