33:
105:
121:
129:
295:. This summary of his career lists all the responsibilities he held, including some junior offices, while literary sources only record upper magistracies (censor, consul, and praetor); however it does not provide any date and the offices are not ordered chronologically. The eulogy tells that he was the
307:
twice. These junior magistracies were standard and found in the career of every Roman politician, but the number of times he held these positions is much more unusual. Endre
Ferenczy thought Caecus held them all before his censorship because of his family's decline, which forced him to repeat them to
188:
in 312 BC, which he held for five years. During Caecus's time in office, aside from his building projects, he introduced several controversial but poorly-understood constitutional reforms: he increased the voting power of the poor and landless in the legislative assemblies, and admitted lower-class
176:
He is the first Roman public figure whose life can be traced with some historical certainty. He also instigated controversial popular-minded reforms and is also credited with the authorship of a juristic treatise, a collection of moral essays, and several poems, making him one of Rome's earliest
240:, and an inept general. Owing to the wide divergence in the sources, modern scholars have had very different interpretations of Caecus' deeds: he has been described as a revolutionary, a reactionary, a would-be tyrant, or a great reformer, comparable to Athenian figures like
193:, though these measures were partially undone by the resentful nobility. In addition, Caecus was the first censor to draw up a formal list of senators. These reforms massively increased the prestige of the censorship, which had previously only been a minor magistracy. As
268:. The family were widely described in Roman sources as haughty aristocrats with arch-conservative views, though this stereotype was likely only created long after Caecus's death. Caecus's father was called Gaius Claudius Inregillensis, known only for being appointed
315:
It is nonetheless certain that Caecus was military tribune before his censorship, because it was a requirement for being elected consul, which he became immediately after his censorship. As military tribune, he certainly served during the
283:, who became consul in 264, four years after Caecus' elder son. Since Caecus' sons became consuls over a period of 28 years and long after his own time, he probably married at least twice, even though none of his wives is known.
312:, who notes that there is not enough evidence to know whether iterations of the military tribuneship and aedileship were really exceptional for this period, during which most careers are unknown.
236:, who was the earliest Roman historian and a member of the Fabian family, may have been the source for a significant amount of smear against Caecus, accusing him of being a corrupted, immoral
475:"), which is lost and the content is unknown. In addition Appius was one of the earliest known Roman prose and verse authors whose name is still known today. He was also concerned with
1417:"M. Humm, Appius Claudius Caecus. La République Accomplie (Befar 322). Rome: École Française de Rome, 2005. Pp. X + 779, 10 PLS, 14 illus, 2 tables. ISBN 978-2-72830-682-4. €112.00"
308:
build his popularity (especially as aedile, because this magistrate organised games), therefore explaining his early censorship. However, his thesis has been criticised, notably by
562:
class instead of the upper patrician class. Caecus's achievements, such as the building of the Appian Way and the Aqua Appia, are mentioned as being defiled by Clodia's actions.
417:("methods of legal practice"). This publication served as a guide for Roman Legal procedure. The publication also included a list of days that court was to be held on.
228:
His reforms did trigger some outrage, as he broke a number of established traditions. Appius embroiled himself in several bitter political feuds, especially with the
1955:
2285:
1990:
1653:
336:
beforehand which later became a prerequisite for the office. During his time as censor he sought support from the lower classes, by allowing sons of
151:
1687:
441:, declaring that Rome would never surrender. The speech is the source of the saying "every man is the architect of his own fortune" (
264:, one of the most important Roman families of the time, whose members had held executive offices of state since the beginning of the
1541:
1328:
998:
520:
1319:
1136:
465:, which was based upon a verse of Greek model. It was "the first Roman book of literary character". Appius also wrote treatise,
291:
The only information known about Caecus' early career before his censorship is from his eulogy, formerly displayed on the Roman
2270:
2265:
1337:
1301:
981:
532:
528:
2260:
2255:
1858:
658:
2290:
1436:
2236:
2204:
2155:
2310:
2091:
2033:
1978:
1934:
1477:
2300:
2231:
2212:
2199:
2168:
2160:
1803:
2222:
2177:
1868:
1645:
2305:
2295:
1829:
2061:
The crusade of
Frederick Barbarossa: The history of the expedition of the emperor Frederick and related texts
217:, whence the surname) from old age, he delivered a speech to the Senate successfully opposing peace with the
1872:
1798:
1850:
The Romans: From
Village to Empire: A History of Rome from Earliest Times to the End of the Western Empire
1460:
1988:
Vasaly, Ann (1987). "Personality and Power: Livy's
Depiction of the Appii Claudii in the First Pentad".
449:), and was still known in the time of Cicero In 279 BC, Appius went blind due to a curse, according to
2275:
1833:
549:
2189:
2185:
257:
181:
1811:
32:
2315:
968:
835:
516:
280:
218:
1469:
344:, and extending voting privileges to men in the rural tribes who did not own land. During the
2113:; Broughton, T. Robert S. (1949). "The Order of the Two Consuls' Names in the Yearly Lists".
1772:
1679:
1019:
524:
233:
184:
of illustrious lineage, Caecus first came to prominence with his election to the position of
124:
Memorial inscription of Appius
Claudius C. F. Caecus, "Appius Claudius Caecus, son of Gaius."
558:, where Caecus is incensed at Clodia for associating with Caelius, a member of the middle
8:
1290:
2068:
1944:
2130:
2052:
Valerius
Maximus, Facta et dicta memorabilia, Book 8 Text, Introduction, and Commentary
2007:
1848:
1741:
559:
345:
317:
1847:
Boatwright, Mary T.; Gargola, Daniel J.; Lenski, Noel; Talbert, Richard J. A. (2011).
2087:
2029:
1974:
1930:
1910:
Hafner, German (1970). "Römische und italische Porträts des 4. Jahrhunderts v. Chr".
1898:
1854:
1786:
1473:
438:
222:
2280:
2122:
2110:
1999:
1821:
1780:
1767:
1733:
1465:
1428:
591:
394:
296:
2081:
2023:
1968:
1883:
350:
38:
104:
1964:
1815:
500:
442:
430:
378:
309:
269:
265:
210:
166:
158:
113:
109:
87:
1432:
2249:
2019:
1902:
256:
Caecus, who was originally called Appius
Claudius Crassus, was born into the
1416:
609:
554:
426:
413:
Appius' major legal contribution came from him starting the publication of
341:
333:
329:
261:
194:
190:
185:
77:
72:
42:
1625:
1924:
484:
292:
241:
133:
1912:
Mitteilungen des
Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Römische Abteilung
2134:
1603:
1601:
544:
476:
402:
374:
229:
170:
162:
137:
2011:
1745:
373:
Appius is best known for two construction undertakings as censor: the
120:
1726:
Transactions and
Proceedings of the American Philological Association
390:
367:
237:
202:
128:
2126:
1598:
2003:
1737:
480:
363:
359:
337:
300:
245:
206:
141:
1724:
Hempl, George (1899). "The Origin of the Latin
Letters G and Z".
461:
Appius wrote several books over his life. He wrote a book called
198:
82:
2075:. Translated by Ridley, Thérèse. Johns Hopkins University Press.
2141:
Overview Appius Claudius Caecus (fl. 312–279), Oxford Reference
1949:
1571:
627:
539:
434:
355:
304:
1846:
1631:
433:
in 285 BC. Appius gave a famous speech in this period against
165:(Latin: Via Appia), the first major Roman road, and the first
273:
279:
His mother is not known, but he had a much younger brother,
1793:
1619:
450:
398:
386:
1588:
1586:
1498:
2025:
Clio's Cosmetics: Three Studies in Greco-Roman Literature
1884:"La carrière d'Appius Claudius Caecus jusqu'à la censure"
1522:
1547:
1510:
161:. He is best known for two major building projects: the
1583:
1956:
Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft
1559:
1396:
1372:
320:(326–304 BC), the main conflict in Italy at the time.
1991:
Transactions of the American Philological Association
1970:
A Commentary on Livy, Books VI–X, Volume III: Book IX
1486:
488:
1959:(in German). Vol. 3, part 2. columns 2681–2685.
1384:
201:(295 BC), Caecus led military campaigns against the
2083:
A Commentary on Livy, Books VI–X, Volume IV: Book X
552:. Cicero assumes the voice of Caecus in a scathing
429:twice; in 307 BC and 296 BC, he was also appointed
1877:. Vol. 1. American Philological Association.
1709:Boak, Arthur E. R.; Sinnigen, William G. (1965).
2247:
1458:Briscoe, John (2016). "Appius Claudius Caecus".
276:had found a religious fault in his appointment.
157:312–279 BC) was a statesman and writer from the
2286:Latin writers known only from secondary sources
2109:
1926:Appius Claudius Caecus: La RĂ©publique accomplie
565:
385:), the first major Roman road, running between
348:, he advocated the founding of Roman colonies (
272:in 337 BC and immediately resigning after the
16:Roman statesman and writer (fl. c. 312–279 BC)
1891:Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
1708:
420:
1948:
499:"Every man is the artifex of his destiny" (
466:
323:
31:
1867:
1853:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
1702:
1646:"Appius Claudius Caecus and the Letter Z"
1553:
487:, allegedly ending the use of the letter
1881:
1592:
1402:
548:as a stern and disapproving ancestor to
127:
119:
103:
2115:Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome
2079:
2073:Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families
2049:
2018:
1963:
1607:
1577:
1565:
1528:
1492:
1470:10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.1616
1457:
1414:
362:to serve as fortifications against the
108:Appius Claudius Caecus is led into the
2248:
2067:
1987:
1943:
1909:
1806:by Rev. Canon Roberts on Wikisource),
1713:(5th ed.). Macmillan. p. 95.
1516:
1504:
1378:
408:
209:. Later in life, having become blind (
112:by his sons. 19th century painting by
2100:
1874:The Magistrates of the Roman Republic
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581:
425:During this time period he served as
332:from 312 BC to 308 BC, He was not a
2058:
1922:
1390:
251:
37:Possible bust of Caecus, now in the
1690:from the original on 8 January 2023
1439:from the original on 8 January 2023
13:
2043:
1761:
1668:
538:Appius Claudius Caecus is used in
483:, and instituted reforms in Latin
456:
14:
2327:
2103:Oxford Essential Quotations, 2012
1929:. Rome: École Française de Rome.
1840:
1826:Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium
1643:
494:
2232:Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus
2200:Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus
2161:Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus
1656:from the original on 1 July 2019
505:Homo faber suae quisque fortunae
2223:Lucius Volumnius Flamma Violens
2178:Lucius Volumnius Flamma Violens
1756:
1717:
1637:
1613:
1534:
286:
140:. Via Appia within the ancient
2028:. Leicester University Press.
1451:
1408:
510:
1:
2271:3rd-century BC Roman praetors
2266:3rd-century BC Roman generals
1610:, pp. 352, 353 (note 2).
1365:
328:Appius Claudius Caecus was a
154:
2261:3rd-century BC Roman consuls
2256:4th-century BC Roman consuls
566:Family tree of Appius Caecus
393:to the south; and the first
7:
2086:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1973:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1711:History of Rome to A.D. 565
1461:Oxford Classical Dictionary
447:quisque faber suae fortunae
232:(a powerful Roman family).
10:
2332:
2291:Old Latin-language writers
2228:
2210:
2196:
2182:
2166:
2152:
2147:
1433:10.1017/S0075435800001787
1283:
1281:
1275:
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421:Later career (307–280 BC)
94:
68:
60:
50:
30:
23:
2311:Ancient Roman patricians
2190:Publius Cornelius Arvina
2186:Quintus Marcius Tremulus
1882:Ferenczy, Endre (1965).
1680:"Appius Claudius Caecus"
1421:Journal of Roman Studies
1415:Bispham, Edward (2008).
521:Publius Claudius Pulcher
2301:Ancient Roman dictators
1869:Broughton, T. Robert S.
1684:Encyclopædia Britannica
1580:, p. 357 (note 2).
324:Censorship (312–308 BC)
55:Appius Claudius Crassus
2080:Oakley, S.P. (2005b).
2050:Briscoe, John (2019).
1632:Boatwright et al. 2011
529:Tiberius Claudius Nero
517:Appius Claudius Russus
504:
473:Concerning Usurpations
467:
446:
382:
281:Appius Claudius Caudex
214:
148:Appius Claudius Caecus
144:
125:
117:
25:Appius Claudius Caecus
2306:Ancient Roman jurists
2296:Ancient Roman censors
1923:Humm, Michel (2005).
1773:Bibliotheca Historica
1686:. 22 February 2024 .
527:(consul in 240), and
525:Gaius Claudius Centho
131:
123:
107:
2059:Loud, G. A. (2010).
531:(grandfather of the
2063:. Farnham: Ashgate.
1950:"Claudius 91"
1832:by Samuel Speed on
1830:English translation
1812:English translation
1804:English translation
1650:Encyclopædia Romana
1531:, pp. 104–115.
1519:, pp. 203–205.
664:dict. 362, cos. 349
574:
515:His four sons were
409:Legal contributions
2237:Publius Decius Mus
2205:Publius Decius Mus
2156:Publius Decius Mus
2148:Political offices
1023:cos 240, cens. 225
570:
346:Second Samnite War
318:Second Samnite War
197:(296 BC) and then
177:literary figures.
145:
126:
118:
39:Chiaramonti Museum
2276:Blind politicians
2244:
2243:
2229:Succeeded by
2183:Succeeded by
2111:Taylor, Lily Ross
2069:MĂĽnzer, Friedrich
1945:MĂĽnzer, Friedrich
1860:978-0-19-973057-5
1787:Fasti Triumphales
1393:, pp. 36–37.
1381:, pp. 59–66.
1363:
1362:
633:
632:
624:
623:
606:
605:
588:
587:
523:(consul in 249),
519:(consul in 268),
468:De Usurpationibus
439:Pyrrhus of Epirus
299:three times, the
252:Family background
102:
101:
2323:
2197:Preceded by
2153:Preceded by
2145:
2144:
2138:
2106:
2097:
2076:
2064:
2055:
2039:
2015:
1984:
1960:
1952:
1940:
1919:
1906:
1888:
1878:
1864:
1822:Valerius Maximus
1781:Fasti Capitolini
1768:Diodorus Siculus
1750:
1749:
1721:
1715:
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1449:
1448:
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1444:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
729:C. Inregillensis
635:
634:
615:
614:
597:
596:
579:
578:
575:
569:
470:
340:to serve in the
297:military tribune
189:citizens to the
156:
153:
35:
21:
20:
2331:
2330:
2326:
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2192:
2188:
2174:
2172:
2164:
2159:
2127:10.2307/4238618
2094:
2046:
2044:Further reading
2036:
1981:
1937:
1886:
1861:
1843:
1818:on Livius.org).
1799:Ab Urbe Condita
1764:
1762:Ancient sources
1759:
1754:
1753:
1722:
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1707:
1703:
1693:
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1304:
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1293:
1158:
1139:
1024:
1022:
1001:
971:
838:
827:
825:
823:
730:
663:
660:
568:
513:
497:
459:
457:Literary output
423:
411:
326:
289:
254:
86:
81:
76:
56:
46:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2184:
2181:
2165:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2107:
2101:Ratcliffe, S.
2098:
2092:
2077:
2065:
2056:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2034:
2016:
2004:10.2307/283967
1985:
1979:
1961:
1941:
1935:
1920:
1907:
1879:
1865:
1859:
1842:
1841:Modern sources
1839:
1838:
1837:
1819:
1816:Jona Lendering
1791:
1777:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1738:10.2307/282560
1716:
1701:
1667:
1644:Grout, James.
1636:
1624:
1612:
1597:
1595:, p. 381.
1582:
1570:
1568:, p. 357.
1558:
1556:, p. 139.
1554:Broughton 1951
1546:
1533:
1521:
1509:
1497:
1495:, p. 366.
1485:
1478:
1450:
1407:
1405:, p. 379.
1395:
1383:
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1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
979:
977:
975:
973:
965:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
926:
924:
922:
920:
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
907:
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
864:
862:
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
850:
848:
845:
843:
842:
840:
833:
831:
829:
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
804:
802:
800:
797:
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
783:
782:
780:
778:
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
746:
743:
741:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
709:
706:
704:
703:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
676:
674:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
631:
630:
625:
622:
620:
619:
612:
607:
604:
602:
601:
594:
589:
586:
584:
583:
567:
564:
512:
509:
496:
495:Notable quotes
493:
458:
455:
437:, an envoy of
422:
419:
415:legis actiones
410:
407:
325:
322:
310:Stephen Oakley
303:one time, and
288:
285:
253:
250:
159:Roman Republic
114:Cesare Maccari
110:Curia Hostilia
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
70:
66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
54:
52:
48:
47:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2328:
2317:
2316:Blind lawyers
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2238:
2233:
2226:
2224:
2216:
2214:
2206:
2201:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2179:
2171:
2170:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2146:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2093:0-19-927256-5
2089:
2085:
2084:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2054:. De Gruyter.
2053:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2035:0-8476-6206-3
2031:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2020:Wiseman, T.P.
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1980:0-19-927143-7
1976:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1936:2-7283-0682-6
1932:
1928:
1927:
1921:
1917:
1914:(in German).
1913:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1720:
1712:
1705:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1674:
1672:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1628:
1621:
1616:
1609:
1604:
1602:
1594:
1593:Ferenczy 1965
1589:
1587:
1579:
1574:
1567:
1562:
1555:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1530:
1525:
1518:
1513:
1506:
1501:
1494:
1489:
1481:
1479:9780199381135
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1454:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1404:
1403:Ferenczy 1965
1399:
1392:
1387:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1360:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1303:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1279:
1277:
1269:
1267:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1164:
1162:
1138:
1110:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1047:
1037:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1021:
1000:
983:
970:
966:
963:
943:
941:
923:
921:
911:
909:
908:
903:
873:
871:
853:
851:
846:
844:
837:
826:cos. 307, 296
822:
798:
795:
785:
784:
779:
769:
744:
742:
707:
705:
677:
675:
662:
661:Inregillensis
636:
629:
626:
621:
616:
613:
611:
608:
603:
598:
595:
593:
590:
585:
580:
577:
576:
573:
563:
561:
557:
556:
551:
547:
546:
541:
536:
534:
533:consul of 202
530:
526:
522:
518:
508:
506:
502:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
469:
464:
454:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
418:
416:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
354:) throughout
353:
352:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
321:
319:
313:
311:
306:
305:curule aedile
302:
298:
294:
284:
282:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
249:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:Fabius Pictor
231:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
187:
183:
178:
174:
172:
169:in Rome, the
168:
164:
160:
149:
143:
139:
135:
130:
122:
115:
111:
106:
97:
93:
89:
84:
80:(307, 296 BC)
79:
74:
71:
67:
63:
59:
53:
49:
44:
40:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2220:
2213:Roman consul
2211:
2175:
2169:Roman consul
2167:
2118:
2114:
2102:
2082:
2072:
2060:
2051:
2024:
1995:
1989:
1969:
1965:Oakley, S.P.
1954:
1925:
1915:
1911:
1894:
1890:
1873:
1849:
1825:
1807:
1797:
1785:
1779:
1771:
1757:Bibliography
1729:
1725:
1719:
1710:
1704:
1692:. Retrieved
1683:
1658:. Retrieved
1649:
1639:
1627:
1615:
1608:Oakley 2005a
1578:Oakley 2005a
1573:
1566:Oakley 2005a
1561:
1549:
1536:
1529:Wiseman 1979
1524:
1512:
1507:, col. 2681.
1500:
1493:Oakley 2005a
1488:
1459:
1453:
1441:. Retrieved
1424:
1420:
1410:
1398:
1386:
1374:
820:
571:
555:prosopopoeia
553:
543:
537:
514:
498:
472:
462:
460:
424:
414:
412:
372:
349:
330:Roman censor
327:
314:
290:
287:Early career
278:
260:clan of the
255:
227:
191:Roman Senate
179:
175:
147:
146:
75:(312–307 BC)
18:
1998:: 203–226.
1897:: 379–404.
1660:7 September
1517:Vasaly 1987
1505:MĂĽnzer 1899
1443:20 November
1427:: 188–189.
1379:Hafner 1970
1320:Ap. Pulcher
1137:Ap. Pulcher
828:dict. c.285
659:Ap. Crassus
511:Descendants
485:orthography
242:Cleisthenes
90:(c. 285 BC)
61:Nationality
2250:Categories
1694:6 December
1366:References
1348:Ap. Centho
1338:C. Pulcher
1329:P. Pulcher
999:P. Pulcher
969:Ap. Russus
836:Ap. Caudex
821:Ap. Caecus
560:equestrian
545:Pro Caelio
477:literature
463:Sententiae
403:Aqua Appia
391:Beneventum
375:Appian Way
171:Aqua Appia
163:Appian Way
134:Roman road
132:The first
2163: III
2071:(1999) .
1967:(2005a).
1903:0044-5975
1808:Periochae
1732:: 24–41.
1391:Humm 2005
1355:C. Centho
1343:cens. 169
1296:cens. 204
1157:C. Centho
1025:dict. 213
1020:C. Centho
824:cens. 312
731:dict. 337
383:Via Appia
368:Etruscans
258:patrician
238:demagogue
203:Etruscans
182:patrician
138:Via Appia
2121:: 3–14.
2022:(1979).
1947:(1899).
1918:: 59–66.
1871:(1951).
1688:Archived
1654:Archived
1622:, ix.29.
1542:viii. 15
1437:Archived
1357:leg. 155
1341:cos. 177
1332:cos. 184
1323:cos. 185
1310:Ap. Nero
1305:cos. 202
1302:Ti. Nero
1294:cos. 207
1159:leg. 200
1140:cos. 212
1112:Ti. Nero
982:Ti. Nero
972:cos. 268
839:cos. 264
592:Dictator
481:rhetoric
431:Dictator
395:aqueduct
364:Samnites
360:Campania
338:freedmen
301:quaestor
270:dictator
266:Republic
246:Pericles
207:Samnites
167:aqueduct
142:Minturno
95:Children
88:Dictator
85:(295 BC)
2281:Claudii
2135:4238618
1350:pr. 175
1312:pr. 195
1291:C. Nero
1121:P. Nero
1002:cos 249
351:colonia
262:Claudii
223:Pyrrhus
219:Epirote
199:praetor
83:Praetor
43:Vatican
41:in the
2218:296 BC
2173:307 BC
2133:
2090:
2032:
2012:283967
2010:
1977:
1933:
1901:
1857:
1746:282560
1744:
1540:Livy,
1476:
628:Consul
610:Censor
600:Yellow
582:Orange
572:Legend
550:Clodia
540:Cicero
435:Cineas
427:consul
401:, the
356:Latium
342:Senate
334:consul
274:augurs
215:caecus
195:consul
186:censor
136:, the
78:Consul
73:Censor
69:Office
2221:with
2176:with
2131:JSTOR
2008:JSTOR
1887:(PDF)
1742:JSTOR
618:Green
501:Latin
443:Latin
379:Latin
293:Forum
230:Fabii
221:king
211:Latin
64:Roman
2088:ISBN
2030:ISBN
1975:ISBN
1931:ISBN
1899:ISSN
1855:ISBN
1834:EEBO
1794:Livy
1696:2015
1662:2005
1620:Livy
1474:ISBN
1445:2021
479:and
451:Livy
399:Rome
389:and
387:Rome
366:and
358:and
244:and
205:and
51:Born
2215:II
2207:III
2123:doi
2000:doi
1996:117
1814:by
1734:doi
1466:doi
1429:doi
542:'s
535:).
397:in
152:fl.
2252::
2239:IV
2225:II
2202:IV
2158:II
2129:.
2119:19
2117:.
2006:.
1994:.
1953:.
1916:77
1895:13
1893:.
1889:.
1836:).
1824:,
1796:,
1784:,
1770:,
1740:.
1730:30
1728:.
1682:.
1677:*
1670:^
1652:.
1648:.
1600:^
1585:^
1472:.
1464:.
1435:.
1425:98
1423:.
1419:.
507:)
503::
491:.
471:("
453:.
445::
405:.
381::
370:.
248:.
225:.
213::
180:A
173:.
155:c.
2234:V
2137:.
2125::
2105:.
2096:.
2038:.
2014:.
2002::
1983:.
1939:.
1905:.
1863:.
1828:(
1810:(
1802:(
1790:.
1776:.
1748:.
1736::
1698:.
1664:.
1634:.
1544:.
1482:.
1468::
1447:.
1431::
489:Z
377:(
150:(
116:.
98:9
45:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
