278:
217:
66:
349:) foraged together in mixed bands. Within each band different species seemed to specialise in where and how they searched out their insect prey. Some species concentrated on the trunk and branches of trees, some on slender boughs, others searched beneath the leaves. By acting together in this way they probably increased foraging efficiency as each species could catch others' escaped prey. They were also safer from attack by predators, as the group as a whole was more likely to spot approaching danger.
1260:
73:
269:. Around 100 kilometres (62 mi) of cave passages within the massif have been mapped. La Grotte d'Andrafiabe, one of the most accessible caves, comprises at least 8.035 kilometres (4.993 mi) of horizontal passages. Indeed, the Massif contains the longest cave systems in Madagascar, and probably in the whole of Africa.
50:
300:
During the 1986 expedition, Phil
Chapman and Jean-Elie Randriamasy collated a bird list for the reserve and recorded 65 species from 32 families representing nearly a third of all bird species that breed in Madagascar. They also noted one interesting aspect of behaviour. They reported that there was
296:
and in the scientific press. Discoveries included unexpected sub-fossil remains of large extinct lemurs and surviving but previously undescribed species of blind fish, shrimps and other invertebrates. Several expedition members contributed photos to an illustrated introductory guide to
Madagascar
232:
The plateau slopes gently to the east, but on the west it ends abruptly in the "Wall of
Ankarana", a sheer cliff that extends 25 kilometres (16 mi) north to south, and rises up to 280 metres (920 ft). To the south, the limestone mass breaks up into separate spires known as
264:
Beginning in the 1960s, expatriate
Frenchman Jean Duflos (who after marriage changed his name to Jean Radofilao) undertook a huge amount of exploration of the cave systems and subterranean rivers of the Massif, much of it on his own or with visiting
783:
Wilson, J.M.; et al. (1989). "Ecology and
Conservation of the Crowned Lemur at Ankarana, N. Madagascar with notes on Sanford's Lemur, Other Sympatrics and Subfossil Lemurs".
624:
Peyre, J-C.; Arthaud, G.; Radofilao, J.; et al. (1982). "Expédition Spéléologique, Madagascar 1982". Club Alpin
Francais / Federation Francaise de Spéléologie: 55pp.
339:
1084:
Jane M. Wilson (1982). "A review of world
Troglopedetini (Insecta, Collembola, Paronellidae), including an identification table and descriptions of new species".
970:
Wilson, Jane M.; Godfrey, L.R.; Simons, E.L.; Stewart, Paul D.; Vuillaume-Randriamanantena, M. (1995). "Past and
Present Lemur Fauna at Ankarana, N. Madagascar".
190:. With an average annual rainfall of about 2,000 millimetres (79 in), the underlying rocks have been eroded to produce caves and feed subterranean rivers—a
1212:
288:
Expeditions that first began cataloguing the animals and plants of the
Special Reserve created around the Ankarana Massif in the 1980s are described in Dr
821:
Fowler, S.V.; et al. (1989). "A survey and management proposals for a tropical deciduous forest reserve at
Ankarana in northern Madagascar".
948:
Godfrey, L.R.; Wilson, Jane M.; Simons, E.L.; Stewart, Paul D.; Vuillaume-Randriamanantena, M. (1996). "Ankarana: window to Madagascar's past".
244:. In places where the calcific upper layers have been completely eroded, the harder base rock has been etched into channels and ridges known in
1104:
116:
1649:
1669:
1205:
65:
1664:
240:. In the center of the plateau, seismic activity and eons of rainfall have eroded the limestone, forming deep gorges and ribbons of
1644:
1239:
1624:
881:
Simons, E.L.; et al. (1990). "Discovery of new giant subfossil lemurs in the Ankarana Mountains of Northern Madagascar".
1198:
1659:
1221:
1116:
1355:
1166:
731:
570:
536:
Rossi, G. (1974). "Morphologie et Evolution d'un karst en milieu tropical. L'Ankarana (Extreme Nord de Madagascar)".
1634:
1629:
1462:
1395:
1304:
508:
17:
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an unusual strategy used by many of the small insect-eating songbirds. Species such as the paradise flycatcher (
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39:
1492:
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1447:
1421:
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186:
created in 1956. It is a small, partially vegetated plateau composed of 150-million-year-old middle Jurassic
656:
Wilson, Jane, ed. (1987). "The Crocodile Caves of Ankarana : Expedition to Northern Madagascar, 1986".
1563:
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194:. The rugged relief and the dense vegetation have helped protect the region from human intrusion.
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1109:, a new genus and species of cave collembolan from Madagascar with notes on its ecology"
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boulders and basalt has also flowed deep into the canyons that dissect the Massif.
191:
368:) and other mammal species. The following lemurs are also recorded from the area:
1598:
1588:
724:
Lemurs of the Lost World: exploring the forests and Crocodile Caves of Madagascar
436:
586:
Duflos, J. (1966). "Bilan des explorations biospeleologique pour l'annee 1965".
1568:
352:
The Ankarana Reserve is an important refuge for significant populations of the
179:
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1034:
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866:
849:
765:
748:
707:
690:
1613:
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1129:
1057:(Decopoda: Caridea: Atydae) of Madagascar with descriptions of new species".
605:
Duflos, J. (1968). "Bilan des explorations speleologique pour l'annee 1966".
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131:
118:
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MĂ©moires et Documents Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
749:"Ankarana - a rediscovered nature reserve in northern Madagascar"
417:
253:
197:
The southern entrance of the park is in Mahamasina (commune of
1220:
448:
236:
969:
947:
993:, a new species of blind cave goby from Madagascar".
623:
439:
of the following lemurs have been found at Ankarana:
816:
814:
213:. There are also some hotels found at the entrance.
778:
776:
557:
1161:. Aston Publications, Bourne End, UK. p. 96.
1103:José G. Palacios-Vargas & Jane Wilson (1990).
811:
1611:
773:
297:which features the Crocodile Caves of Ankarana.
72:
1049:Gurney, A.R. (1984). "Freshwater shrimp genera
1014:"Conservation and ecology of a new blind fish,
1083:
1206:
1156:
982:
691:"The Crocodile Caves of Ankarana, Madagascar"
995:Journal of Ichthyology & Aquatic Biology
531:
529:
284:photographed at the Ankarana Special Reserve
1042:
1213:
1199:
209:and 29 km (18 mi) north-east of
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585:
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27:Protected area in northern Madagascar
1018:from the Ankarana Caves, Madagascar"
914:, and the evolution of sloth lemurs"
747:Wilson, Jane M; et al. (1988).
613:. Université de Madagascar: 121–129.
594:. Université de Madagascar: 225–252.
553:
551:
42:IV (habitat/species management area)
1650:Protected areas established in 1956
1117:International Journal of Speleology
24:
1670:Important Bird Areas of Madagascar
908:Simons, E.L.; et al. (1992).
25:
1681:
1179:
548:
1665:Madagascar dry deciduous forests
1258:
509:Madagascar dry deciduous forests
151:182 km (70 sq mi)
71:
64:
48:
1645:Protected areas in Diana Region
1096:
1077:
1005:
901:
874:
841:
740:
726:. Impact, London. p. 216.
467:Mesopropithicus dolichobrachion
322:Phyllastrephus madagascariensis
205:some 108 km south-west of
1625:Special reserves of Madagascar
910:"A new giant subfossil lemur,
715:
682:
668:
649:
617:
598:
579:
430:Hapalemur griseus occidentalis
259:
13:
1:
519:
1564:Ankeniheny-Zahamena Corridor
895:10.1016/0047-2484(90)90072-J
835:10.1016/0006-3207(89)90072-4
563:Natural Wonders of the World
491:madagascariensis/grandidieri
422:Daubentonia madagascariensis
414:Propithicus diadema perrieri
252:. The area is littered with
80:Location of Ankarana Reserve
7:
1660:Madagascar subhumid forests
1222:National Parks and Reserves
1157:Bradt, Hilary, ed. (1988).
502:
426:western lesser bamboo lemur
328:Hypsipetes madagascariensis
10:
1686:
1059:Journal of Natural History
883:Journal of Human Evolution
227:
220:Ankarana Plateau, showing
1579:Mandena Conservation Zone
1541:
1430:
1404:
1267:
1256:
1232:
1186:Madagascar National Parks
1071:10.1080/00222938400770481
1035:10.1017/S0030605300021669
1016:Glossogobius ankaranensis
991:Glossogobius ankaranensis
867:10.1017/S0030605300022390
848:Stewart, Paul D. (1988).
766:10.1017/S0030605300027794
708:10.1017/S0030605300020470
374:Lepilemur septentrionalis
340:Lepopterus madagascarinus
168:Madagascar National Parks
163:
155:
147:
110:
99:
88:
59:
47:
37:
32:
1130:10.5038/1827-806X.19.1.6
1012:Wilson, Jane M. (1996).
989:Banister, K.E. (1994). "
689:Wilson, Jane M. (1987).
316:Phyllastrephus zosterops
294:Lemurs of the Lost World
272:
176:Ankarana Special Reserve
33:Ankarana Special Reserve
1635:Geography of Madagascar
1630:Mountains of Madagascar
823:Biological Conservation
493:, and the baboon lemur
370:northern sportive lemur
1533:Tampoketsa Analamaitso
1233:Strict Nature Reserves
1107:Troglobius coprophagus
637:Cite journal requires
386:fat-tailed dwarf lemur
285:
224:
1655:Geology of Madagascar
1594:Montagne des Français
1542:Other protected areas
1405:Marine National Parks
722:Wilson, Jane (2014).
362:Sanford's brown lemur
346:Xenopirostris polleni
280:
219:
199:Tanambao Marivorahona
132:13.07278°S 48.91472°E
972:Primate Conservation
441:greater bamboo lemur
402:eastern woolly lemur
334:Nectarinia souimanga
307:), the common jery (
292:'s travel narrative
1584:Makira Natural Park
918:Folia Primatologica
785:Folia Primatologica
607:Revue de GĂ©ographie
588:Revue de GĂ©ographie
462:Babakotia radofilai
290:Jane Wilson-Howarth
164:Governing body
137:-13.07278; 48.91472
128: /
1640:Plateaus of Africa
1396:Zombitse-Vohibasia
850:"Ankarana damaged"
390:Cheirogalus medius
313:), the greenbuls (
304:Terpsiphone mutata
286:
225:
1607:
1606:
1549:Ambato Atsinanana
1280:Andasibe-Mantadia
931:10.1159/000156629
797:10.1159/000156379
676:"World Cave List"
471:Palaeopropithicus
394:fork-marked lemur
378:brown mouse lemur
358:Eulemur coronatus
337:) and the vagas (
203:Route nationale 6
173:
172:
100:Nearest city
16:(Redirected from
1677:
1620:IUCN Category IV
1574:Mahavavy-Kinkony
1488:Cap Sainte-Marie
1463:Anjanaharibe-Sud
1431:Special Reserves
1386:Tsimanampetsotsa
1356:Montagne d'Ambre
1262:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1192:
1191:
1173:
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1148:
1147:
1145:
1144:
1138:
1132:. Archived from
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1100:
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1040:
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410:Perrier's sifaka
382:Microcebus rufus
366:Eulemur sanfordi
331:), the sunbird (
310:Neomixis tenella
192:karst topography
159:20 February 1956
143:
142:
140:
139:
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54:Ankarana reserve
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18:Ankarana Reserve
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1684:
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1678:
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1675:
1674:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1603:
1599:Tsitongambarika
1589:Menabe Antimena
1537:
1426:
1422:Nosy Ve-Androka
1400:
1371:Nosy Ve-Androka
1263:
1254:
1228:
1219:
1182:
1177:
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1155:
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559:Reader's Digest
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398:Phaner furcifer
325:), the bulbul (
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1569:Loky-Manambato
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1443:Ambohijanahary
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1295:Ankarafantsika
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1139:on 2011-07-23
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93:Diana Region
1559:Analavelona
1518:Manongarivo
1503:Mangerivola
1458:Andranomena
1453:Analamerana
1290:Andringitra
1250:Tsaratanana
1065:: 567–590.
1001:(3): 25–28.
486:Megaladapis
457:sloth lemur
453:Indri indri
260:Exploration
207:Antsiranana
156:Established
135: /
111:Coordinates
104:Antsiranana
1614:Categories
1438:Ambatovaky
1381:Sahamalaza
1376:Ranomafana
1352:(proposed)
1285:Andohahela
1226:Madagascar
1159:Madagascar
1143:2011-07-24
950:Lemur News
544:: 279–298.
520:References
480:Pachylemur
437:subfossils
424:) and the
184:Madagascar
123:48°54′53″E
1508:Maningoza
1412:Nosy Hara
1335:Marolambo
1245:Betampona
912:Babakotia
242:flowstone
201:) on the
188:limestone
120:13°4′22″S
1473:Bemarivo
1468:Ankarana
1391:Zahamena
1361:Namoroka
1330:Marojejy
1305:Bemaraha
1240:Bemaraha
1051:Caridina
978:: 47–52.
956:: 16–17.
561:(1980).
503:See also
246:malagasy
211:Ambilobe
89:Location
1513:Manombo
1340:Masoala
1055:Parisia
805:2807091
455:), the
418:aye-aye
228:Geology
1498:Kasijy
1320:Lokobe
1165:
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475:ingens
254:basalt
250:tsingy
235:tower
222:tsingy
1350:Mikea
1310:Isalo
1137:(PDF)
1112:(PDF)
477:plus
449:indri
273:Fauna
237:karst
178:is a
1483:Bora
1163:ISBN
1053:and
1022:Oryx
854:Oryx
801:PMID
753:Oryx
728:ISBN
695:Oryx
643:help
567:ISBN
499:sp.
469:and
343:and
319:and
148:Area
1224:of
1126:doi
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