1031:
with a 22 km (14 mi) long extension of the standard gauge railway, from
Erzurum to the village of Uzunahmetler. Despite the short length, this section would require the construction of a 60 m (200 ft) long viaduct, as well as a 1,800 m (5,900 ft) long tunnel. Once built however, the railway would reach the Pasinler plain, allowing for better transport of construction materials for the rest of the project. On 13 December 1939, the decision to begin construction was made and ₺2.5 million was budgeted. The entire conversion would be divided into two parts: from Erzurum to
836:. However problems soon arose with construction as the Belgian company faced financial issues of their own. In response to this, Turkish parliament voted to cancel the contract. Since the Turkish government took upon no risk with the agreement, they only ended up paying the company for the amount of track already built. Shortly after the agreement was canceled, another tender was awarded to a Turkish company, tasked with completing the railway to Sivas. Construction progressed without a problem and on 1 February 1930, the railway opened between Kayseri and
758:
40:
901:, 156 km (97 mi) further east of Divriği. The railway officially opened from Sivas to Erzincan on 10 December. That same month, construction of the right-of-way reached Erzurum and laying of track began shortly after. Despite the difficult terrain, construction of the railway progressed smoothly, prompting the Turkish government to request that the completion date be brought forward. The Turkish company building the railway accepted the request and the laying of track was greatly expedited. Tracks reached
1153:
552:, along with slightly shortening the route, reducing grades and allowing for higher speeds with fewer sharp curves. The length of the entire bypass is 47 km (29 mi) long, only 3 km (1.9 mi) shorter than the older route. Construction of the tunnel began on 15 November 1973 but faced massive delays and setbacks. Work sped up in 2003 and the tunnel was completed in 2006. Following some more delays for the construction of the track infrastructure, the tunnel and bypass were opened in 2012.
1121:, from Lalahan. By 2020, this was extended 75 km (47 mi) further east to Hanlı, from Karaözü. In 2021, the 352 km (219 mi) long section from Ankara to Kayseri was officially opened with a ceremony at Kayseri on 9 December and the first revenue electric trains began running on the line. Electrification of the railway west of Sivas was completed in 2023; this 9 km (5.6 mi) section was electrified to allow high-speed trains from the Ankara-Sivas high-speed railway to reach
1137:
509:) is a 23.3 km (14.5 mi) long double-track railway that runs around the northern outskirts of Kayseri. Built between 2009 and 2011, the bypass branches off of the main line east of Boğazköprü (about 12 km (7.5 mi) northwest of Kayseri station) and continues east, while the main line heads southeast into the city. Track geometry was constructed in anticipation for the addition of high-speed rail as the route has a top speed of 160 km/h (99 mph).
919:
1109:
Construction started in 2014 around
Kayseri and was built in two directions: west towards Ankara and east towards Sivas; simultaneously, electrification works also began in Ankara and progressed east. The first completed section was a 60 km (37 mi) stretch from Boğazköprü to Tuzhisar, via the Kayseri bypass line, completed in 2016. By 2017, electrification extended further west from Boğazkörü to
882:, called for the railway to run along a more southern route following the Kangal Stream. While this route was seen as more strategic, the terrain was also more difficult to navigate. In the end, the Ministry of Construction decided to build the route as proposed by Çakmak. Several international and Turkish companies bid for the tender, notable among them was
781:, however the Turkish military stressed that strategically, the railway would not be much use in connecting to population centers. As a result of these concerns, the route of the railway was altered and constructed south to reach Kayseri. The railway was opened to Kayseri on 29 May 1927, with a large ceremony attended by Prime Minister
828:, for $ 15 million, on 18 December 1926 for the construction of the line between Kayseri and Sivas. The agreement stated that construction of the railway would commence in March 1927 and would be completed in 1930. Alongside this extension, the agreement also included the construction of railway between Sivas and
1048:
within two years, opening on 1 October 1951. Conversion of the remaining railway from
Horasan to Kars began in 1954. The standard gauge railway reached Sarıkamış by 1957, but did not open until the entire line to Kars (and to the Soviet border) was complete. This took place first on 2 June 1961, with
909:
A total of 131 tunnels were built, with a total length of 26,885 m (88,205 ft). For their construction, the
Turkish government paid a total of ₺10.754 million. The cost of the railway from Sivas to Erzurum totaled to ₺50,521,846 and together with the 140 km (87 mi) long connecting
1030:
This became problematic as any goods, or potentially soldiers, would need to transfer trains twice; first at
Erzurum, and then at Sarıkamış. Plans to convert the entire line to standard gauge were first discussed in 1938, before the completion of the railway to Erzurum. Conversion would first begin
464:
commuter trains, while the two south tracks are shared among intercity, high-speed and freight trains. Following Kayaş, the railway remains quadruple-track for just over 9 km (5.6 mi); the two north tracks are for high-speed trains, while the two south tracks are for intercity and freight
521:
is a 44 km (27 mi) single-track railway line which allows freight trains to bypass Sivas. The railway reduces the distance between Hanlı and
Bostankaya by 53 km (33 mi), as well as reducing freight train traffic within Sivas. The connection was planned as early as 1984, but
1101:. Electric locomotives are able to better operate the grades through Turkey's mountainous terrain than diesel locomotives, making transport of ore more efficient. This electrification process began in 1988 and was completed in 1998. Locomotives used on this section were almost exclusively the
1108:
In the 2010s, the State
Railways began electrifying most of its main lines, including the Ankara–Kars railway. The electrification would stretch 815 km (506 mi) from Ankara to Çetinkaya, including the three bypasses, allowing for continuous electric operation from western Turkey.
492:
Due to the original right-of-way of the Ankara–Kars railway, three bypasses were built between the early 1990s and 2012. Two of these bypasses are to allow a more direct route for trains bypassing Sivas and
Kayseri, while the third is a more direct route through the Tecer Mountains.
742:, a railway east of Ankara became the primary focus of the government. On 23 March 1924, the construction of a railway from Ankara to Sivas was commissioned, making it the first railway line constructed by the republic. To build the line, the Turkish government created the
1096:
The next electrified section of the railway was a 65 km (40 mi) long stretch from Divriği to Çetinkaya. This was done as part of a 576 km (358 mi) long electrified freight corridor from the iron ore mines at Divriği, to the steel plant and ports near
1043:
On 2 August 1944, the conversion of the railway was once again discussed and ₺40 million was budgeted but construction was not able to move forward right away. After long delays, conversion was completed to
Uzunahmetler in 1949 and 67 km (42 mi) further to
667:
of 1917, the
Russian Army disintegrated, allowing the Ottomans to recapture lost territory as well as advance beyond the border at Sarıkamış. The Yeniköy-Erzurum section of the line was abandoned shortly after. Following the end of the war and the subsequent
469:
splits from the Ankara–Kars railway and the latter becomes a single-track railway. The next double-tracked section is the 23.3 km (14.5 mi) long Kayseri bypass, which branches off from the railway at Boğazköprü and rejoins the line just east of
1052:
With the conversion of the railway to standard gauge, the Turkish State Railways (TCDD) scrapped its seven broad-gauge steam locomotives used on the line. The narrow gauge locomotives were either scrapped, or transferred to Samsun to operate on the
1035:
and Horasan to Sarıkamış and Kars. Despite the tender being awarded for the first section to Uzunahmetler, construction did not commence due to a disagreement between the Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Finance. The outbreak of
905:
on 28 July 1939 and Erzurum on 6 September. The entire railway was finally opened on 20 October 1939. The Turkish company received great praise from the government, as it completed the agreed works 16 months ahead of schedule.
2257:
788:
A reorganization of Turkish railways also happened in 1927, as parliament sought to consolidate its nationalized railway companies. The Eastern Railway, operating the railway line from Doğukapı to Erzurum; the
406:, in the far east of Turkey. The majority of the railway is single-track, however multi-track sections are present within Ankara, Kayseri and Sivas. 652 km (405 mi) of the line is electrified with
1960:
859:
had affected Turkey negatively and construction did not commence until 1933. On 20 May 1933, parliament approved the construction of a railway from Sivas to Erzurum, along with a connecting railway from
2340:
2325:
452:
The railway consists of mostly single-track, but does have multiple track sections in Ankara, Kayseri and Sivas. In Ankara, the railway is quadruple-tracked for 17 km (11 mi) from
2065:
2335:
2234:
2029:
871:
Since the railway carried a strategic importance for Turkey, the potential route of the line was heavily debated between 1930 and 1933. The engineers wanted to construct the railway via
2330:
2219:
2172:
544:) is a 5,743 m (18,842 ft) long tunnel on the Tecer-Kangal bypass. Located roughly 45 km (28 mi) south of Sivas, the tunnel was built as a more direct pass between
2427:
2299:
2167:
2177:
2289:
2024:
1986:
1049:
the opening of the railway between Horasan and Sarıkamış, and then on 14 September 1961, with the opening of the remaining railway from Sarıkamış to Kars and the Soviet border.
2478:
2050:
2240:
2055:
769:
The narrow gauge railway to İzzettinköy was first converted to standard gauge and construction further east began on 10 October 1924. The railway was opened from Ankara to
425:
The route hosts many freight trains, especially between Ankara and Divriği, but also hosts many intercity and regional passenger trains. Among these trains are the popular
2471:
2294:
2045:
2140:
1541:
847:
The construction of railway beyond Sivas, to Erzurum, was also seen as a matter of national security. In a speech given on 30 September 1924 in Erzurum, President
805:; and the Railway Construction and Management Administration, which oversaw the construction of the railway between Ankara and Kayseri, all merged to form the
897:. The railway was opened to Tecer on 19 December 1935 and to Divriği on 20 November 1937. Construction was sped up and on 8 October 1938, the railway reached
1747:
1093:
series, began to replace the locomotive hauled trains as they could operate bi-directional and did not require turning the trains around at each terminus.
853:
I consider a railway connection to this point , which will connect the east to other parts of our homeland, a vital necessity for the Turkish Republic.
1797:
1841:
1182:"Şarkı diğer vatan aksamına bağlayacak bir şimendifer hattının buraya kadar temdidini Türk Cumhuriyeti için hayati bir mesele addediyorum(...)"
1117:; and in Ankara extended east from Kayaş to Lalahan. In 2018 the railway through Kayseri was electrified and in 2019, electrification reached
1229:
1089:. TCDD soon ordered new EMU sets for its commuter lines in Ankara and Istanbul, the first of which arrived in 1979. These new EMUs, the
1081:
to Kayaş, via Ankara station. Alongside electrification, this section was also double-tracked. Originally, commuter trains consisted of
2518:
806:
411:
2464:
1152:
560:
The Ankara–Kars railway was built in stages, largely by two separate railway companies, first from the east and then from the west.
1040:
halted all plans as Turkey's budget was focused on maintaining a large standing army, should the war spillover into its borders.
378:. Stretching 1,446.1 km (898.6 mi) across, it is by far the longest railway line in the country. The railway begins in
2390:
1136:
2448:
2434:
2380:
1834:
1656:
1580:
1524:
1496:
1460:
1428:
1403:
840:, 84 km (52 mi) southwest of Sivas. A few months later the railway was completed to Sivas and officially opened on
824:
While construction was underway to Kayseri, the Turkish government signed an agreement with the Belgian construction company
440:
Built in stages between 1910 and 1939 by two different railway companies, the line originally consisted of three different
2224:
890:, on 12 June 1933. Signed on 29 June, this marked the first time a large railway tender was awarded to a Turkish company.
2385:
2097:
1908:
422:, and electrification of the remaining 344 km (214 mi) long gap from Hanlı to Çetinkaya is under construction.
17:
1916:
1125:. The electrification of the remaining 180 km (110 mi) of railway from Hanlı to Çetinkaya is still underway.
2102:
1902:
934:
1939 marked the completion year of the entire railway, but the entire route included three different railway gauges:
577:
2346:
1881:
676:
relinquished Russian control over the railway and the entire line, from Erzurum to the new Turkish/Soviet border at
2513:
2113:
1967:
1827:
407:
329:
2457:
1897:
672:, the current border was drawn, about 130 km (81 mi) east of the pre-war Russo-Turkish border. The 1921
1850:
466:
430:
2130:
1321:(Report). Turkish State Railways, Strategy Development Department Statistics and Analysis Office. pp. 40–41
1118:
659:, a distance of 173 km (107 mi). This was further extended by 50 km (31 mi) from Erzurum to
478:, where the Ankara-Sivas high-speed railway rejoins the line near Yapı and runs 9 km (5.6 mi) east to
1772:
1315:
719:. Weakened from the war with Russia in 1877–78, the Ottomans instead chose to build the railway to Baghdad via
711:
opened the railway to Ankara on 31 December 1892, with the concession to extend it further east as part of the
596:, which was 32 km (20 mi) east of the Russian/Turkish border. This was built in the standard Russian
844:
1930, with another large ceremony. The entire cost of construction from Kayseri ended up to be ₺41.2 million.
715:. However the Russian Empire threatened war with the Ottomans, should a railway line be built into north-east
677:
2262:
1778:(Report). Turkish State Railways, Strategy Development Department Statistics and Analysis Office. p. 38
1753:(Report). Turkish State Railways, Strategy Development Department Statistics and Analysis Office. p. 36
1728:(Report). Turkish State Railways, Strategy Development Department Statistics and Analysis Office. p. 35
1703:(Report). Turkish State Railways, Strategy Development Department Statistics and Analysis Office. p. 35
1678:(Report). Turkish State Railways, Strategy Development Department Statistics and Analysis Office. p. 23
1340:
1065:
The first electrified section of the Ankara–Kars railway was the 12 km (7.5 mi) long section from
1054:
730:
During the First World War, a 127 km (79 mi) narrow gauge railway was constructed from Ankara to
2309:
2014:
750:
65 million (approx. $ 33.3 million) for the construction of the railway from Ankara to Sivas and Sivas to
1955:
1945:
1876:
1871:
1722:
1697:
1672:
998:
From Sarıkamış to Kars (60 km (37 mi)), and further to the Turkish/Soviet border, consisted of
923:
735:
2107:
790:
158:
2304:
2019:
777:
on 20 November 1925. The original route of the railway was to reach Sivas, via a direct route through
2361:
2406:
2229:
2214:
2209:
2135:
1177:
684:
1070:
848:
762:
457:
162:
1366:
324:
94:
90:
833:
821:. This merger brought the entirety of the Ankara–Kars railway under the control of one company.
1066:
818:
731:
629:
and further extended the railway into captured territory. In 1916, under the orders of General
453:
148:
80:
489:
in Turkey, as 587 km (365 mi) of railway east of Divriği to Kars is not signalized.
1122:
782:
585:
479:
1289:
1596:
1259:
841:
669:
660:
8:
2441:
1086:
886:. Following the submission of bids, the tender was awarded to a Turkish company owned by
1204:
876:
703:
A railway from Ankara to Sivas, via Kayseri, was originally planned during the reign of
2182:
1622:
757:
739:
664:
346:
1057:, which became the last narrow gauge railway in Turkey until its abandonment in 1971.
531:
39:
1652:
1576:
1520:
1492:
1456:
1424:
1399:
938:
The majority of the route, from Ankara to Erzurum (1,149 km (714 mi)), was
746:, to oversee the construction of this and other future railways as well as investing
708:
429:, Southern Kurtalan Express and the Van Lake Express. The railway also parallels the
868:. The railway was to be completed in eight years and given a budget of ₺80 million.
593:
1260:"Doğukapı-Akyaka-Kars-Sarıkamış-Erzurum Eski Demiryolu Hattı ve Mimari Yapılanması"
856:
810:
688:
630:
537:
502:
367:
2060:
837:
522:
construction did not start until the early 1990s. The railway was opened in 1994.
1074:
712:
426:
969:
Between Erzurum and Sarıkamış (156 km (97 mi)), the line consisted of
887:
879:
1078:
962:
894:
673:
626:
573:
486:
383:
264:
1798:"Ankara-Kayseri konvansiyonel demir yolu 'elektrikli' olarak işletmeye açıldı"
2507:
1180:, Mustafa Kemal visited the city and delivered a speech, the original being:
1022:
875:, along a more geographically forgiving terrain. However the Chief of Staff,
704:
441:
1098:
461:
1114:
1037:
992:
872:
747:
1819:
798:
415:
1102:
1090:
1082:
622:
236:
1110:
770:
138:
865:
802:
419:
1230:"Hanlı-Çetinkaya elektrifikasyon tesisleri kurulumu yapım işi detayı"
1143:
883:
902:
893:
Construction began on 4 September 1933, the 14th anniversary of the
774:
434:
918:
898:
794:
716:
592:
to Kars in 1899. In 1910, the railway was further extended west to
581:
395:
354:
1651:. Ankara: Turkish State Railways General Directorate. p. 40.
1045:
1032:
927:
861:
656:
618:) broad gauge. The extension to Sarıkamış was completed in 1913.
471:
399:
387:
829:
778:
751:
589:
549:
379:
375:
120:
111:
107:
727:, abandoning plans for constructing a railway beyond Ankara.
724:
720:
545:
475:
391:
45:
569:
403:
351:
116:
1646:
913:
1519:. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi. pp. 171–172.
1491:. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi. pp. 113–118.
1455:. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi. pp. 103–105.
584:. In order to strengthen their grip on the region, the
1158:
The quadruple-track section of the railway in Ankara.
1073:, electrified in 1971. This was done as part of the
817:), which would become the direct predecessor to the
437:, which opened to revenue service on 26 April 2023.
410:
overhead wire in two separate areas: from Ankara to
1773:
Turkish State Railways Annual Statistics, 2016-2020
1748:
Turkish State Railways Annual Statistics, 2015-2019
1723:
Turkish State Railways Annual Statistics, 2014-2018
1698:
Turkish State Railways Annual Statistics, 2013-2017
1673:
Turkish State Railways Annual Statistics, 2012-2016
1316:
Turkish State Railways Annual Statistics, 2017-2021
580:in 1877, Kars became a Russian outpost town within
485:The Ankara–Kars railway has the longest stretch of
465:trains. Just east of the village of Gökçeyurt, the
1575:. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi. p. 198.
815:Devlet Demiryolları ve Limanları İdare-i Umumiyesi
744:Railway Construction and Management Administration
680:, came under the control of the Turkish military.
474:. The final double-tracked section begins west of
2505:
1398:. Istanbul: Iletisim Yayinlari. pp. 75–76.
1258:Yavuz, Mehmet; Tavukçu, Ali Yalçın (June 2012).
44:The Southern Kurtalan Express heading east near
1589:
1542:"Benefits of Railway Transportation in Erzurum"
910:railway from Malatya, totaled to ₺84,413,463.
1835:
1418:
698:
1359:
1257:
683:In 1925, the Turkish government created the
1849:
568:The oldest section of the railway began in
447:
1842:
1828:
1539:
1533:
1393:
807:State Railways and Seaports Administration
1640:
655:) narrow gauge railway from Sarıkamış to
1573:Cumhuriyet Dönemi Ulaştırma Politikaları
1570:
1546:Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Dergisi
1517:Cumhuriyet Dönemi Ulaştırma Politikaları
1514:
1489:Cumhuriyet Dönemi Ulaştırma Politikaları
1486:
1453:Cumhuriyet Dönemi Ulaştırma Politikaları
1450:
917:
756:
695:) to take over and operate the railway.
563:
1253:
1251:
572:, when it was under the control of the
14:
2506:
1765:
1740:
1715:
1690:
1665:
1510:
1508:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1389:
1387:
1282:
761:Construction of a bridge crossing the
693:Havali-yi Şarkiye Demiryolları İdaresi
1823:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1423:. London: Penguin Group. p. 36.
1412:
1308:
914:Converting the line to Standard Gauge
734:and opened in August 1919. After the
460:. The two north tracks are for local
1248:
922:A narrow gauge locomotive, built by
1647:Melda Duman; Arif Şenderin (2022).
1615:
1564:
1505:
1469:
1384:
1341:"Tünelin sonu 39 yıl sonra göründü"
1197:
773:, on 17 April 1925, and further to
24:
1790:
1437:
1333:
1222:
1060:
663:by the end of the year. After the
525:
25:
2530:
2519:Standard gauge railways in Turkey
1290:"Kayseri Kuzey Demiryolu Projesi"
1142:The Eastern Express crossing the
1077:commuter rail line, running from
864:, which would join the line near
496:
333:(Ankara-Hanlı, Çetinkaya-Divriği)
1623:"44901 (Broad gauge locomotive)"
1151:
1135:
826:Societe Industrielle des Travaux
38:
1347:(in Turkish). 11 September 2012
1170:
512:
467:Ankara-Sivas high-speed railway
431:Ankara-Sivas high-speed railway
341:120 km (75 mi) (Max.)
223:1,446.1 km (898.6 mi)
13:
1:
1804:(in Turkish). 9 December 2021
1597:"Dünden Bugüne Doğu Ekspresi"
1264:Journal of Faculty of Letters
1190:
1085:electric locomotives pulling
926:and nicknamed "Amerikan", at
793:, operating the railway from
738:and the establishment of the
2465:Polatlı–Afyonkarahisar–İzmir
7:
1540:Temizgüney, Firdes (2015).
1128:
736:Turkish War of Independence
633:, the Russian Army built a
10:
2535:
1421:The Berlin-Baghdad Express
1113:and east from Tuzhisar to
791:Anatolian Baghdad Railways
699:Construction from the west
621:Following the outbreak of
555:
529:
2488:
2419:
2399:
2373:
2360:
2318:
2282:
2275:
2250:
2202:
2195:
2160:
2153:
2123:
2085:
2078:
2038:
2007:
2000:
1978:
1938:
1931:
1890:
1864:
1857:
588:completed a railway from
517:The Sivas bypass, or the
345:
337:
323:
271:
235:
227:
219:
214:
196:
182:20 October 1939
173:
168:
154:
144:
134:
129:
100:
86:
76:
68:
62:
58:
53:
37:
32:
2458:Istanbul–Edirne–Kapıkule
1367:"Transcaucasus Railways"
1163:
519:Hanlı-Bostankaya railway
448:Infrastructure and Route
374:) is a major railway in
2514:Railway lines in Turkey
2428:Bandırma–Bursa–Osmaneli
2258:Köprüağzı–Kahramanmaraş
2131:Hanlı–Bostankaya bypass
1851:Railway lines in Turkey
1178:1924 Erzurum earthquake
1055:Samsun-Çarşamba railway
2435:Mersin–Adana–Gaziantep
1882:Pehlivanköy–Svilengrad
1419:Sean McMeekin (2011).
931:
819:Turkish State Railways
814:
766:
692:
541:
506:
371:
149:Turkish State Railways
81:Turkish State Railways
2225:Toprakkale–İskenderun
921:
851:said the following: "
760:
625:, Russia invaded the
586:Transcaucasus Railway
564:Transcaucasus Railway
536:The Deliktaş Tunnel (
382:and travels east via
372:Ankara-Kars demiryolu
231:Single track (mostly)
63:Ankara-Kars demiryolu
2305:İzmir–Afyonkarahisar
2020:İzmir–Afyonkarahisar
1917:Feneryolu–Fenerbahçe
1649:Railway Civilization
834:Samsun-Kalın railway
670:Turkish-Armenian War
501:The Kayseri bypass (
2494:are not in service.
2136:Tecer–Kangal bypass
1961:Ulukışla–Boğazköprü
1601:kentvedemiryolu.com
1394:Tanli Bora (2012).
433:between Ankara and
364:Ankara–Kars railway
204:(Erzurum-Sarıkamış)
33:Ankara-Kars railway
18:Ankara-Kars railway
2496:Partially disused.
2420:Under construction
2341:Tavşanlı–Tunçbilek
2220:Fevzipașa–Kurtalan
2173:Fevzipașa–Kurtalan
2066:Çobanisa–Kemalpaşa
1909:Mandıra–Kırklareli
1627:trainsofturkey.com
1371:trainsofturkey.com
1209:trainsofturkey.com
932:
767:
740:Republic of Turkey
665:Russian Revolution
2501:
2500:
2415:
2414:
2367:
2366:(High-speed rail)
2356:
2355:
2336:Kütahya–Seyitömer
2300:Balıkesir–Alayunt
2271:
2270:
2191:
2190:
2168:Malatya–Çetinkaya
2149:
2148:
2074:
2073:
1996:
1995:
1987:Sincan–Kazan Soda
1927:
1926:
1658:978-605-7886-00-2
1582:978-975-16-2635-6
1571:Erdal As (2013).
1526:978-975-16-2635-6
1515:Erdal As (2013).
1498:978-975-16-2635-6
1487:Erdal As (2013).
1462:978-975-16-2635-6
1451:Erdal As (2013).
1430:978-0-141-04765-2
1405:978-975-05-1064-9
1396:Tren Bir Hayattir
1087:passenger coaches
709:Anatolian Railway
578:Russo-Turkish war
576:. Won during the
360:
359:
210:
205:
192:
180:
27:Railway in Turkey
16:(Redirected from
2526:
2449:Nurdağı–Başpınar
2442:Fevzipașa bypass
2371:
2370:
2365:
2331:Bozanönü–Isparta
2280:
2279:
2200:
2199:
2158:
2157:
2083:
2082:
2005:
2004:
1936:
1935:
1903:Muratlı–Tekirdağ
1898:Arifye–Adapazarı
1862:
1861:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1821:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1777:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1752:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1727:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1702:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1677:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1512:
1503:
1502:
1484:
1467:
1466:
1448:
1435:
1434:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1391:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1320:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1255:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1201:
1184:
1174:
1155:
1139:
1025:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1001:
990:
988:
987:
983:
980:
972:
965:
959:
957:
956:
952:
949:
941:
857:Great Depression
855:". However, the
763:Kızılırmak River
654:
650:
648:
647:
643:
640:
631:Nikolai Yudenich
617:
613:
611:
610:
606:
603:
507:Kayseri varyantı
318:
316:
315:
311:
308:
300:
295:
293:
292:
288:
285:
277:
267:
261:
259:
258:
254:
251:
243:
228:Number of tracks
209:(Sarıkamış-Kars)
208:
203:
190:
189:
187:
178:
163:Körfez Ulaştırma
159:TCDD Taşımacılık
95:Eastern Anatolia
91:Central Anatolia
64:
42:
30:
29:
21:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2495:
2484:
2411:
2395:
2381:Ankara–Istanbul
2364:
2352:
2326:Gümüşgün–Burdur
2314:
2290:Eskişehir–Konya
2267:
2246:
2241:Aleppo–Nusaybin
2187:
2145:
2119:
2114:Samsun–Çarşamba
2070:
2056:Goncalı–Denizli
2034:
2025:Manisa–Bandırma
1992:
1974:
1968:Ereğli–Armutçuk
1956:Irmak–Zonguldak
1946:Istanbul–Ankara
1923:
1886:
1877:Istanbul–Pythio
1872:Istanbul–Ankara
1853:
1848:
1818:
1817:
1807:
1805:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1659:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1569:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1485:
1470:
1463:
1449:
1438:
1431:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1392:
1385:
1375:
1373:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1350:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1256:
1249:
1239:
1237:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1159:
1156:
1147:
1140:
1131:
1075:Ankara suburban
1063:
1061:Electrification
1021:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1004:4 ft
1003:
999:
985:
981:
978:
976:
975:2 ft
974:
970:
961:
954:
950:
947:
945:
944:4 ft
943:
939:
916:
713:Baghdad Railway
701:
685:Eastern Railway
652:
645:
641:
638:
636:
635:2 ft
634:
615:
608:
604:
601:
599:
598:4 ft
597:
566:
558:
542:Deliktaş Tüneli
534:
532:Deliktaş Tunnel
528:
526:Deliktaş Tunnel
515:
499:
450:
427:Eastern Express
408:25 kV AC, 15 Hz
338:Operating speed
332:
325:Electrification
313:
309:
306:
304:
303:2 ft
302:
298:
297:
290:
286:
283:
281:
280:4 ft
279:
275:
263:
256:
252:
249:
247:
246:4 ft
245:
241:
206:
198:
185:
183:
181:
179:(First section)
161:
125:
93:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2532:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2499:
2498:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2479:Yerköy–Kayseri
2475:
2472:Sivas–Erzincan
2468:
2461:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2445:
2431:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2377:
2375:
2368:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2295:Afyon–Karakuyu
2292:
2286:
2284:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2263:Şenyurt–Mardin
2260:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2235:Narlı–Karkamış
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2178:Yolçatı–Tatvan
2175:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2061:Menemen–Aliağa
2058:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2030:Torbalı–Ödemiş
2027:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1912:
1905:
1900:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1866:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1824:
1816:
1815:
1789:
1764:
1739:
1714:
1689:
1664:
1657:
1639:
1614:
1588:
1581:
1563:
1532:
1525:
1504:
1497:
1468:
1461:
1436:
1429:
1411:
1404:
1383:
1358:
1332:
1307:
1294:kayseri.gov.tr
1281:
1247:
1221:
1205:"TCDD History"
1195:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1176:Following the
1168:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1150:
1148:
1141:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1067:Ankara station
1062:
1059:
1028:
1027:
996:
967:
963:standard gauge
915:
912:
895:Sivas Congress
797:to Ankara and
700:
697:
674:Treaty of Kars
627:Ottoman Empire
574:Russian Empire
565:
562:
557:
554:
530:Main article:
527:
524:
514:
511:
498:
497:Kayseri bypass
495:
487:dark territory
454:Ankara station
449:
446:
358:
357:
349:
343:
342:
339:
335:
334:
327:
321:
320:
273:
269:
268:
265:standard gauge
239:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
221:
217:
216:
212:
211:
200:
199:standard gauge
194:
193:
191:(Last section)
175:
171:
170:
166:
165:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
127:
126:
124:
123:
114:
104:
102:
98:
97:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
43:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2531:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2493:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2407:Konya–Karaman
2405:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2391:Polatlı–Konya
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2348:
2347:Sütlaç–Çivril
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2310:İzmir–Eğirdir
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2051:Ortaklar–Söke
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2015:İzmir–Eğirdir
2013:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1774:
1768:
1749:
1743:
1724:
1718:
1699:
1693:
1674:
1668:
1660:
1654:
1650:
1643:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1602:
1598:
1592:
1584:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1536:
1528:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1509:
1500:
1494:
1490:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1464:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1432:
1426:
1422:
1415:
1407:
1401:
1397:
1390:
1388:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1317:
1311:
1295:
1291:
1285:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1254:
1252:
1235:
1234:fmkray.com.tr
1231:
1225:
1210:
1206:
1200:
1196:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1169:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1126:
1124:
1123:Sivas station
1120:
1116:
1112:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1058:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1024:
1023:Russian gauge
1000:1,520 mm
997:
994:
968:
964:
940:1,435 mm
937:
936:
935:
929:
925:
920:
911:
907:
904:
900:
896:
891:
889:
885:
884:Julius Berger
881:
878:
874:
869:
867:
863:
858:
854:
850:
849:Mustafa Kemal
845:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
822:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
764:
759:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
705:Abdulhamid II
696:
694:
690:
686:
681:
679:
675:
671:
666:
662:
658:
632:
628:
624:
619:
616:1,520 mm
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
561:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
533:
523:
520:
510:
508:
504:
494:
490:
488:
483:
481:
480:Sivas station
477:
473:
468:
463:
459:
455:
445:
443:
438:
436:
432:
428:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
356:
353:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
331:
328:
326:
322:
276:1,520 mm
274:
270:
266:
242:1,435 mm
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
201:
197:Converted to
195:
176:
172:
167:
164:
160:
157:
153:
150:
147:
143:
140:
137:
133:
128:
122:
118:
115:
113:
109:
106:
105:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
79:
75:
71:
67:
61:
57:
52:
47:
41:
36:
31:
19:
2491:
2490:Railways in
2477:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2426:
2400:Higher-speed
2386:Ankara–Sivas
2345:
2239:
2230:Adana–Aleppo
2215:Konya–Yenice
2210:Adana–Mersin
2112:
2108:Samsun–Kalın
2098:Kars–Tbilisi
2092:
1985:
1966:
1965:
1950:
1915:
1914:
1907:
1806:. Retrieved
1801:
1792:
1780:. Retrieved
1767:
1755:. Retrieved
1742:
1730:. Retrieved
1717:
1705:. Retrieved
1692:
1680:. Retrieved
1667:
1648:
1642:
1630:. Retrieved
1626:
1617:
1605:. Retrieved
1603:(in Turkish)
1600:
1591:
1572:
1566:
1554:. Retrieved
1549:
1545:
1535:
1516:
1488:
1452:
1420:
1414:
1395:
1374:. Retrieved
1370:
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1344:
1335:
1323:. Retrieved
1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1296:(in Turkish)
1293:
1284:
1272:. Retrieved
1270:(1): 293–312
1267:
1263:
1238:. Retrieved
1236:(in Turkish)
1233:
1224:
1212:. Retrieved
1208:
1199:
1181:
1172:
1107:
1095:
1064:
1051:
1042:
1038:World War II
1029:
993:narrow gauge
933:
908:
892:
880:Fevzi Çakmak
870:
852:
846:
825:
823:
787:
768:
743:
729:
702:
682:
620:
567:
559:
535:
518:
516:
513:Sivas bypass
500:
491:
484:
451:
439:
424:
363:
361:
330:25 kV, 15 Hz
2141:Samsun–Azot
2093:Ankara–Kars
1951:Ankara–Kars
971:750 mm
783:İsmet İnönü
732:İzzettinköy
653:750 mm
623:World War I
299:750 mm
237:Track gauge
220:Line length
155:Operator(s)
59:Native name
2508:Categories
2374:High-speed
2362:District 8
2276:District 7
2196:District 6
2183:Van–Sufian
2154:District 5
2079:District 4
2046:Çatal–Tire
2001:District 3
1932:District 2
1858:District 1
1191:References
1099:İskenderun
462:Başkentray
347:Signalling
186:1939-10-20
139:Heavy rail
2103:Kars–Baku
1802:aa.com.tr
1345:aa.com.tr
1144:Euphrates
842:30 August
832:, on the
799:Eskişehir
594:Sarıkamış
416:Çetinkaya
414:and from
384:Kırıkkale
272:Old gauge
215:Technical
72:Operating
1552:(1): 269
1146:in 1976.
1129:Pictures
1111:Şefaatli
1105:series.
1018: in
989: in
958: in
930:in 1956.
899:Erzincan
888:Nuri Bey
877:Marshall
838:Şarkışla
795:Istanbul
771:Yahşihan
717:Anatolia
678:Doğukapı
649: in
612: in
582:Anatolia
402:, until
396:Erzincan
317: in
294: in
260: in
54:Overview
2492:italics
1119:Balışıh
1115:Karaözü
1046:Horasan
1033:Horasan
1013:⁄
984:⁄
953:⁄
928:Horasan
866:Divriği
862:Malatya
811:Turkish
803:Pozantı
689:Turkish
661:Yeniköy
657:Erzurum
644:⁄
607:⁄
556:History
538:Turkish
503:Turkish
472:Kayseri
420:Divriği
400:Erzurum
388:Kayseri
368:Turkish
312:⁄
289:⁄
255:⁄
184: (
169:History
130:Service
101:Termini
2319:Branch
2251:Branch
2124:Branch
2039:Branch
1979:Branch
1891:Branch
1808:21 May
1782:24 May
1757:24 May
1732:24 May
1707:24 May
1682:24 May
1655:
1632:21 May
1607:21 May
1579:
1556:21 May
1523:
1495:
1459:
1427:
1402:
1376:12 May
1351:21 May
1325:24 May
1300:16 May
1274:13 May
1240:12 May
1214:21 May
1103:E43000
1091:E14000
1083:E40000
1079:Sincan
903:Aşkale
830:Turhal
779:Yozgat
775:Yerköy
752:Samsun
707:. The
590:Gyumri
550:Kangal
442:gauges
435:Yerköy
380:Ankara
376:Turkey
174:Opened
145:System
121:Turkey
112:Turkey
108:Ankara
87:Locale
69:Status
1776:(PDF)
1751:(PDF)
1726:(PDF)
1701:(PDF)
1676:(PDF)
1319:(PDF)
1164:Notes
1071:Kayaş
725:Adana
721:Konya
546:Tecer
476:Sivas
458:Kayaş
412:Hanlı
392:Sivas
207:1961
202:1957
177:1913
77:Owner
46:Irmak
2283:Main
2203:Main
2161:Main
2086:Main
2008:Main
1939:Main
1865:Main
1810:2023
1784:2023
1759:2023
1734:2023
1709:2023
1684:2023
1653:ISBN
1634:2023
1609:2023
1577:ISBN
1558:2023
1521:ISBN
1493:ISBN
1457:ISBN
1425:ISBN
1400:ISBN
1378:2023
1353:2023
1327:2023
1302:2023
1276:2023
1242:2023
1216:2023
924:Alco
873:Zara
723:and
570:Kars
548:and
404:Kars
398:and
362:The
352:ETCS
135:Type
117:Kars
1069:to
801:to
456:to
418:to
2510::
1800:.
1625:.
1599:.
1550:53
1548:.
1544:.
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1471:^
1439:^
1386:^
1369:.
1343:.
1292:.
1268:29
1266:.
1262:.
1250:^
1232:.
1207:.
1020:)
1015:32
1011:27
1006:11
991:)
960:)
813::
785:.
754:.
691::
609:32
605:27
600:11
540::
505::
482:.
444:.
394:,
390:,
386:,
370::
355:L0
291:32
287:27
282:11
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119:,
110:,
1843:e
1836:t
1829:v
1812:.
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1008:+
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995:.
986:2
982:1
979:+
977:5
973:(
966:.
955:2
951:1
948:+
946:8
942:(
809:(
765:.
748:₺
687:(
651:(
646:2
642:1
639:+
637:5
614:(
602:+
366:(
319:)
314:2
310:1
307:+
305:5
301:(
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284:+
278:(
257:2
253:1
250:+
248:8
244:(
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48:.
20:)
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