431:
449:, were suspiciously both "ill", since he was the only one of three prosecutors with knowledge of the case he called and questioned the witnesses, and gave the prosecution's closing argument. The jury was unable to reach a verdict. At her retrial he was no longer "assistant" prosecutor. She was found guilty, but upon appeal, the appeals court, apparently seeking a way to avoid taking a position, dismissed the case on a technicality. At this point opposition to Crandall's school became violent: an attempt to set the building on fire, an attack at night breaking all the windows. For her students' safety she closed the school, and left the state. Since 2014 she has been Connecticut's state heroine.
473:. Let the niggers and their descendants be sent back to their fatherland and there improve themselves as much as they may, and civilize and Christianize the natives, if they can. ...You are violating the Constitution of our Republic, which settled forever the status of the black men in this land. They belong to Africa. Let them be sent back there, or kept as they are here. The sooner you Abolitionists abandon your project the better for our country, for the niggers, and yourselves.
445:", prohibiting the teaching of blacks not from Connecticut. Crandall was arrested and spent a night in the county jail, a fact that was publicized. While he was only assistant prosecutor of Crandall's first trial, upon which the state's attorney for the county and the court's next choice, state Lieutenant Governor
468:
Mr. May, we are not merely opposed to the establishment of that school in
Canterbury; we mean there shall not be such a school set up anywhere in our State. The colored people never can rise from their menial condition in our country; they ought not to be permitted to rise here. They are an inferior
521:
and served from March 4, 1835, until July 4, 1836, when he resigned to accept a federal judicial appointment. Another source says that he was defeated for reelection. During that time the abolitionist, and mentor of
Prudence Crandall, William Lloyd Garrison sent him a petition from 46 residents of
410:
to establish a "colored" college in New Haven. At the time, 1831, there was none, and blacks would only exceptionally be admitted to any college at all, approximately once every seven years. At a town meeting called by Judson the vote was 99% for rejection. While Judson did not and could not have
427:, his support vanished when she accepted a black student and refused pressures to expel her. Judson, Canterbury's most famous and influential citizen, was the organizer of the pressures. "No other person in Connecticut was more fiercely opposed to Crandall's school for black women."
566:
in 1840. Given his views on race and slavery, Judson surprised many observers by ruling in favor of the captured
Africans and ordering that they be freed and safely returned to their homes in Africa. The administration of President
1092:
375:
Judson was the leading enemy of
African Americans in the state of Connecticut. He believed that they were inferior to whites, and if not in use as slaves should be moved to Africa, "where they came from". He was an officer of the
275:'s school for African Americans in Connecticut and advocated for African Americans to be subjugated or sent to Africa. He also opposed the establishment of a college for African Americans in New Haven. As a judge in the
1102:
1067:
1127:
704:
818:
359:, which had for its object disunion between church and state. After a severe struggle the Tolerationists, aided by the Democrats, succeeded in setting aside the charter that was granted by
430:
1072:
549:
on July 4, 1836, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on March 17, 1853, due to his death in
Canterbury. He was interred in Hyde Cemetery in Canterbury.
1082:
1018:
538:
256:
34:
953:
This source gives
Ashford as his place of birth. It also puts Judson in the Connecticut legislature by 1816, but doesn't say anything about his length of service there.
977:
907:
853:
364:
57:
947:
709:
1117:
983:
510:
100:
876:
796:
1122:
635:"Sketches of the Alumni of Dartmouth College: From the First Graduation in 1771 to the Present Time, with a Brief History of the Institution"
485:. He did so because Reuben had recommended to Prudence that she abandon her plans to educate black girls in Connecticut. The prosecutor was
1107:
481:, Prudence's brother, a physician who was arrested in Washington, D.C., for (illegally) possessing abolitionist literature and was nearly
1097:
1057:
469:
race of beings, and never can or ought to be recognized as the equals of the whites. Africa is the place for them. I am in favor of
920:
615:
634:
960:
514:
90:
497:. After eight months in jail Reuben Crandall was found not guilty, but died shortly after of tuberculosis contracted in jail.
1077:
1062:
665:
340:
260:
527:
941:
810:
759:
457:
424:
343:
in 1816, and from 1822 to 1825. He was state's attorney for
Windham County from 1819 to 1833. He was a member of the
506:
206:
671:
652:. In Normen, Elizabeth J.; Harris, Katherine J.; Close, Stacey K.; Mitchell, Wm. Frank; White, Olivia (eds.).
1087:
494:
482:
470:
377:
268:
562:
277:
244:
572:
518:
442:
300:
252:
1112:
751:
657:
419:
A similar incident soon followed in Judson's home town, Canterbury. Although he had earlier welcomed
868:
380:, which raised funds for the relocation of a few thousand African Americans to the land that became
355:
While in the
Connecticut House of Representatives, Judson was one of the most active members of the
936:
902:
848:
700:
493:, who hoped to use the trial to advance the cause of colonization; he was a founding member of the
478:
940:
925:
747:
620:
320:
196:
184:
403:
523:
453:
360:
296:
168:
452:
While this was going on, Judson explained his position to one of
Crandall's supporters, the
1052:
1047:
1029:
969:
546:
399:
124:
81:
8:
312:
932:
790:
696:
411:
created the antipathy, he placed himself at the head of it. The project was abandoned.
381:
344:
307:, the son of Elisabeth (Work) and Andrew Judson. Judson received limited schooling and
755:
661:
486:
446:
420:
328:
272:
568:
414:
356:
264:
218:
1093:
Jacksonian members of the United States House of
Representatives from Connecticut
1009:
542:
69:
782:
534:
407:
393:
323:, Connecticut, from 1809 to 1815, 1817 to 1819, and in 1834. He was Canterbury
1041:
461:
434:
1103:
United States federal judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law
682:
1068:
Judges of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut
822:
819:
Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, and Abolition
490:
304:
248:
96:
994:
737:
Prudence Crandall's legacy : the fight for equality in the 1830s,
649:
324:
283:
136:
1128:
Members of the United States House of Representatives who owned slaves
776:
437:'s pamphlet protesting Judson's unjust treatment of "Colored" families
387:
406:
was the unexpected uproar that followed the proposal by the minister
311:
in 1806. He was admitted to the bar and entered private practice in
915:
610:
308:
228:
316:
811:"Miss Prudence Crandall and the Canterbury School (excerpt from
415:
Led the opposition to Prudence Crandall's school for black girls
1019:
United States District Court for the District of Connecticut
539:
United States District Court for the District of Connecticut
441:
He got the Connecticut legislature to pass a law, called a "
257:
United States District Court for the District of Connecticut
35:
United States District Court for the District of Connecticut
900:
846:
1073:
United States federal judges appointed by Andrew Jackson
500:
370:
982:
477:
Judson did appear as a character witness on behalf of
319:, from 1806 to 1809. He continued private practice in
908:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
854:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
271:. A leading white supremacist, he led opposition to
1083:
Members of the Connecticut House of Representatives
388:
Proposed college for African Americans in New Haven
1039:
650:"Sarah Harris and the Prudence Crandall School"
813:Some recollections of our antislavery conflict
778:Some Recollections of Our Antislavery Conflict
984:Connecticut's at-large congressional district
734:
511:Connecticut's at-large congressional district
290:
978:U.S. House of Representatives
948:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
931:
710:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
695:
243:(November 29, 1784 – March 17, 1853) was a
795:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
730:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
334:
295:Judson was born on November 29, 1784, in
91:U.S. House of Representatives
921:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
616:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
429:
1118:African-American history of Connecticut
842:
840:
717:
641:
632:
367:, which remained in effect until 1965.
1040:
647:
606:
604:
602:
600:
598:
596:
594:
592:
590:
588:
515:United States House of Representatives
281:he ruled the enslaved captives aboard
47:July 4, 1836 – March 17, 1853
869:"The Amistad Affair: A Trial History"
654:African American Connecticut Explored
560:Judson presided over the famous case
501:U.S. representative and federal judge
371:White supremacist and colonizationist
114:March 4, 1835 – July 4, 1836
1123:19th-century Connecticut politicians
837:
689:
341:Connecticut House of Representatives
287:be released and returned to Africa.
261:Connecticut House of Representatives
1108:People from Canterbury, Connecticut
774:
585:
537:on June 28, 1836, to a seat on the
528:slavery in the District of Columbia
350:
13:
533:Judson was nominated by President
14:
1139:
1098:19th-century American legislators
1058:People from Eastford, Connecticut
425:Canterbury Female Boarding School
903:"Andrew T. Judson (id: J000279)"
849:"Andrew T. Judson (id: J000279)"
735:Williams, Jr., Donald E (2014).
575:which upheld Judson's decision.
571:appealed Judson's ruling to the
942:"Judson, Andrew Thompson"
879:from the original on 2016-05-03
674:from the original on 2021-03-08
633:Chapman, George Thomas (1867).
552:
861:
803:
768:
626:
1:
976:Member of the
961:U.S. House of Representatives
578:
495:American Colonization Society
378:American Colonization Society
269:American Colonization Society
1078:19th-century American judges
1063:Toleration Party politicians
563:United States v. The Amistad
331:affair, on which see below.
278:United States v. The Amistad
253:United States district judge
245:United States representative
7:
743:Brown v. Board of Education
648:Tucker, Barbara M. (2014).
573:United States Supreme Court
530:. Judson made no response.
519:24th United States Congress
10:
1144:
894:
545:. He was confirmed by the
391:
291:Education and early career
1026:
1014:
1006:
1001:
991:
974:
966:
959:
752:Wesleyan University Press
658:Wesleyan University Press
263:. He was a member of the
234:
224:
212:
202:
190:
174:
151:
146:
142:
130:
118:
107:
87:
75:
63:
51:
40:
32:
28:
21:
951:. New York: D. Appleton.
901:United States Congress.
847:United States Congress.
713:. New York: D. Appleton.
505:Judson was elected as a
259:. He also served in the
926:Federal Judicial Center
924:, a publication of the
775:May, Samuel J. (1869).
748:Middletown, Connecticut
705:Judson, Andrew Thompson
621:Federal Judicial Center
619:, a publication of the
471:the Colonization scheme
339:He was a member of the
197:Canterbury, Connecticut
185:Canterbury, Connecticut
916:Andrew Thompson Judson
611:Andrew Thompson Judson
475:
438:
404:William Lloyd Garrison
398:What was labelled the
363:, and adopted the new
335:Connecticut politician
267:and an officer of the
241:Andrew Thompson Judson
156:Andrew Thompson Judson
524:Brooklyn, Connecticut
466:
454:Brooklyn, Connecticut
433:
361:Charles II of England
169:Eastford, Connecticut
1088:American prosecutors
1030:Charles A. Ingersoll
970:Ebenezer Jackson Jr.
815:by Samuel J. Morse)"
547:United States Senate
526:, urging him to end
489:, former partner of
400:New Haven Excitement
365:Constitution of 1818
125:Ebenezer Jackson Jr.
82:Charles A. Ingersoll
781:. Boston. pp.
507:Jacksonian Democrat
347:from 1830 to 1832.
327:at the time of the
207:Jacksonian Democrat
439:
345:Connecticut Senate
1113:Prudence Crandall
1036:
1035:
1027:Succeeded by
992:Succeeded by
667:978-0-8195-7398-8
541:vacated by Judge
487:Francis Scott Key
447:Ebenezer Stoddard
421:Prudence Crandall
329:Prudence Crandall
273:Prudence Crandall
238:
237:
166:November 29, 1784
1135:
1021:
1007:Preceded by
986:
967:Preceded by
957:
956:
952:
944:
912:
888:
887:
885:
884:
865:
859:
858:
844:
835:
834:
832:
830:
821:. Archived from
807:
801:
800:
794:
786:
772:
766:
765:
732:
715:
714:
703:, eds. (1892). "
693:
687:
686:
680:
679:
660:. p. 159↓.
645:
639:
638:
630:
624:
608:
569:Martin Van Buren
402:by abolitionist
357:Toleration Party
351:Toleration Party
265:Toleration Party
181:
165:
163:
147:Personal details
133:
121:
112:
93:
78:
66:
54:
45:
23:Andrew T. Judson
19:
18:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1023:
1016:
1012:
1010:William Bristol
997:
988:
980:
972:
939:, eds. (1892).
897:
892:
891:
882:
880:
867:
866:
862:
845:
838:
828:
826:
809:
808:
804:
788:
787:
773:
769:
762:
733:
718:
694:
690:
677:
675:
668:
646:
642:
631:
627:
609:
586:
581:
558:
543:William Bristol
503:
479:Reuben Crandall
417:
396:
390:
373:
353:
337:
293:
214:
213:Other political
203:Political party
195:
183:
179:
167:
161:
159:
158:
157:
131:
119:
113:
108:
94:
89:
76:
70:William Bristol
64:
52:
46:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1141:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1025:
1013:
1008:
1004:
1003:
1002:Legal offices
999:
998:
993:
990:
973:
968:
964:
963:
955:
954:
929:
913:
896:
893:
890:
889:
860:
836:
802:
767:
760:
716:
688:
666:
640:
625:
583:
582:
580:
577:
557:
551:
535:Andrew Jackson
502:
499:
416:
413:
408:Simeon Jocelyn
394:Simeon Jocelyn
392:Main article:
389:
386:
372:
369:
352:
349:
336:
333:
301:Windham County
292:
289:
236:
235:
232:
231:
226:
222:
221:
216:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
192:
188:
187:
182:(aged 68)
178:March 17, 1853
176:
172:
171:
155:
153:
149:
148:
144:
143:
140:
139:
134:
128:
127:
122:
116:
115:
105:
104:
88:Member of the
85:
84:
79:
73:
72:
67:
61:
60:
58:Andrew Jackson
55:
49:
48:
38:
37:
30:
29:
26:
25:
22:
16:American judge
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1140:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1031:
1022:
1020:
1017:Judge of the
1011:
1005:
1000:
996:
987:
985:
979:
971:
965:
962:
958:
950:
949:
943:
938:
934:
933:Wilson, J. G.
930:
927:
923:
922:
917:
914:
910:
909:
904:
899:
898:
878:
874:
873:law2.umkc.edu
870:
864:
856:
855:
850:
843:
841:
825:on 2012-10-31
824:
820:
816:
814:
806:
798:
792:
784:
780:
779:
771:
763:
761:9780819574701
757:
753:
749:
745:
742:
738:
731:
729:
727:
725:
723:
721:
712:
711:
706:
702:
698:
697:Wilson, J. G.
692:
684:
673:
669:
663:
659:
655:
651:
644:
636:
629:
622:
618:
617:
612:
607:
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
593:
591:
589:
584:
576:
574:
570:
565:
564:
555:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
529:
525:
520:
516:
512:
508:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
474:
472:
465:
463:
462:Samuel J. May
459:
455:
450:
448:
444:
436:
435:Samuel J. May
432:
428:
426:
422:
412:
409:
405:
401:
395:
385:
383:
379:
368:
366:
362:
358:
348:
346:
342:
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
288:
286:
285:
280:
279:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
233:
230:
227:
223:
220:
217:
211:
208:
205:
201:
198:
194:Hyde Cemetery
193:
191:Resting place
189:
186:
177:
173:
170:
154:
150:
145:
141:
138:
135:
129:
126:
123:
117:
111:
106:
102:
98:
92:
86:
83:
80:
74:
71:
68:
62:
59:
56:
50:
44:
39:
36:
33:Judge of the
31:
27:
20:
1015:
975:
946:
919:
906:
881:. Retrieved
872:
863:
852:
829:February 19,
827:. Retrieved
823:the original
812:
805:
777:
770:
744:
740:
736:
708:
691:
683:Project MUSE
681:– via
676:. Retrieved
653:
643:
628:
614:
561:
559:
553:
532:
504:
476:
467:
458:abolitionist
451:
440:
418:
397:
374:
354:
338:
294:
282:
276:
240:
239:
215:affiliations
180:(1853-03-17)
132:Succeeded by
109:
77:Succeeded by
53:Appointed by
42:
1053:1853 deaths
1048:1784 births
491:Roger Taney
305:Connecticut
249:Connecticut
120:Preceded by
97:Connecticut
65:Preceded by
1042:Categories
1024:1836–1853
995:Orrin Holt
989:1835–1836
883:2016-06-23
739:Dred Scott
678:2020-03-03
579:References
325:town clerk
321:Canterbury
313:Montpelier
284:La Amistad
219:Toleration
162:1784-11-29
137:Orrin Holt
937:Fiske, J.
791:cite book
701:Fiske, J.
460:minister
443:Black Law
225:Education
110:In office
43:In office
877:Archived
672:Archived
309:read law
297:Eastford
229:read law
103:district
101:at-large
918:at the
895:Sources
613:at the
554:Amistad
517:of the
513:to the
483:lynched
382:Liberia
317:Vermont
255:of the
981:from
758:
741:, and
664:
251:and a
509:from
247:from
95:from
831:2012
797:link
785:–48.
756:ISBN
662:ISBN
556:case
175:Died
152:Born
707:".
423:'s
99:'s
1044::
945:.
935:;
905:.
875:.
871:.
851:.
839:^
817:.
793:}}
789:{{
783:47
754:.
750::
746:.
719:^
699:;
670:.
656:.
587:^
464::
456:,
384:.
315:,
303:,
299:,
928:.
911:.
886:.
857:.
833:.
799:)
764:.
685:.
637:.
623:.
164:)
160:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.