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298:, who arrived in Xaragua with his troops to subdue Bohechío and conquer his territory. The purpose of the Spaniards in so doing was to acquire gold. With his power weakened, Bohechío, advised by Anacaona, decided to recognize the sovereignty of the Catholic Monarchs. Instead of fighting, he committed himself to pay the tribute levied by the Spaniards with products such as cotton, bread, corn, and fish.
1403:
275:
On
December 4, 1492, Christopher Columbus arrived in the kingdom of Marién at present-day Mole St Nicholas, Haiti. He was in search of a direct route to the Indies (India). Upon arrival, he was greeted by the Tainos, who were much smaller in stature compared to the Spaniards. Columbus was gifted with
272:, meaning 'gold, golden.' Anacaona's brother Bohechío was a local chieftain. He extended his rule in 1475 to include all territories west of Xaragua. Through consolidation of his influence and power, Bohechío married Anacaona to Caonabo, cacique of Maguana. Together they had one daughter, Higüemota.
373:
Additionally, fifty
Spaniards were killed; this is a high number of casualties considering that the Europeans deployed superior military technology. Finally, the Xaragua caciques were respected as some of the most intelligent on the island and it is unlikely that they could be lured into a hut if
369:
According to historian Troy S. Floyd, the accuracy of the accounts of this event remain uncertain for many reasons. For one, even though the separate accounts made it seem as though it was a perfectly segregated fight along racial lines, the two groups had coexisted and intermarried for six years
370:
prior. For another, it is unclear why the
Spaniards would lure the Taínos into a trap. However, there was a history of violence where the Taíno were kidnapped and enslaved to satisfy the needs of the Crown (many Taíno women were raped and those Taínos who resisted the Spaniards were murdered).
225:
in 1492, Ayiti or
Quisqueya to the Taínos (the Spaniards named it La Española, i.e., Hispaniola — now known as the Dominican Republic and Haiti) was divided into five kingdoms, i.e., Xaragua, Maguana, Higüey, Maguá, and Marién. Anacaona was born into a family of caciques. She was the sister of
357:
While the Taíno presented the reception as a gesture of welcome, the
Spanish saw it as being an elaborate distraction. Ovando's party was under the impression that Anacaona and the Taíno chiefs present at the reception were planning an insurrection. Ovando lured the chiefs into a
385:(1855), Nicolás Ovando renamed the place where Anacaona was murdered “The City of True Peace” (La Villa de la Vera Paz), "...in honor of his recent triumph". The arms assigned to the city were "...a rainbow and a cross, with a dove bearing the olive branch!".
236:, the governor of the island, visited Xaragua. He suspected an insurrection was brewing among the Taíno chiefs, including Anacaona, presently in the kingdom. Ovando gave the order for the caciques to be captured and burned. Anacaona was hanged.
366:. They were burned in the caney while other Taínos of lower rank were slaughtered outside. Anacaona was hanged. Or Anacaona was transferred to Santo Domingo in 1504, and three months later, she was tried and sentenced to death by hanging.
287:(a Spanish colony in the northwestern part of the island) and its people. He was shipped to Spain and died in a shipwreck during the journey. When Caonabo was captured, Anacaona returned to Xaragua and served as an advisor to Bohechío.
393:
Anacaona, as a poet and composer, is accordingly memorialized in contemporary art and literature across the
Caribbean region. A statue commemorating her legacy is in Léogâne, Haiti. The tallest building in the Caribbean,
530:
Shriver, Cameron (2017). "Native
American Almanac: More Than 5,000 Years of the Cultures and Histories of Indigenous People Yvonne Wakim Dennis, Arlene Hirschfelder, and Shannon Rothenberger Flynnby".
276:
gold, corn, and other items. In 1493, the
Spanish Crown established a colony whose sole purpose was to excavate for gold and other precious metals. With the establishment of the new colony
354:
In the fall of 1503, Governor Nicolás Ovando and his party of 300 traveled on foot to
Xaragua. They were received in a lavish ceremony by Anacaona, her nobles, and several Taíno chiefs.
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Hoeg, Jerry (2015-09-02). "Manuel de Jesús Galván's
Enriquillo: A novel look at the environment of marriage in the first colony".
726:
Hoeg, Jerry (2015-09-02). "Manuel de Jesús Galván's Enriquillo: A novel look at the environment of marriage in the first colony".
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Samuel M. Wilson: Hispaniola - Caribbean Chiefdoms in the Age of Columbus. The University of Alabama Press, 1990.
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782:"CARTAS de Pedro de Córdoba y de la Comunidad Dominica, algunas refrendadas por los Franciscanos"
657:"Anacaona, la cacica aborigen que desafió a Cristóbal Colón y fue condenada a una trágica muerte"
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221:(chief), religious expert, poet and composer born in Xaragua. Before the arrival of
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1055:(54). El Centro de Estudios y Cooperación para América Latina (CECAL): 155–207.
792:(54). El Centro de Estudios y Cooperación para América Latina (CECAL): 155–207.
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Bohechío died before 1503 and Anacaona succeeded him and ruled as cacica.
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Songs (salsa) about Anacaona (Cheo Feliciano and the Fania All Stars):
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1406: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
682:"MUSEO ANACAONA - Taino Museum ~ the History of the Queen Anacaona"
517:"MUSEO ANACAONA - Taino Museum ~ the History of the Queen Anacaona"
971:. Knight, Franklin W., and Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. Oxford. 2016.
583:. Knight, Franklin W., and Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. Oxford. 2016.
363:
217:
200:
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Anacaona, Ayiti's Taino queen = Anacaona, la reine Taino d'Ayiti
930:. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. pp. 61–63.
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In 1493, Caonabo was arrested for ordering the destruction of
294:, brother of Christopher Columbus and founder of the city of
319:
969:
Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro-Latin American biography
580:
Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro-Latin American biography
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1088:
1019:
Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
728:
Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
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Anacaona: Golden Flower, Haiti, 1490 by Edwidge Danticat
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16th-century people from the Colony of Santo Domingo
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767:"Môle Saint-Nicolas | Haiti | Britannica"
343:Brevísima relación de la destrucción de las Indias
229:She succeeded Bohechío as cacica after his death.
1481:
1372:A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies
928:The Columbus Dynasty in the Caribbean, 1492-1526
879:
833:A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies
643:A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies
1505:15th-century indigenous people of the Americas
252:, in 1474 (?). Her name was derived from the
315:at the time of Christopher Columbus's arrival
1209:. Obina, Donnie,, Fiève, Michèle Jessica. .
1186:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1121:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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753:"Hispaniola | Genocide Studies Program"
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1422:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
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336:Massacre of the queen and her subjects, by
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258:
1237:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1190:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1125:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1093:(1st ed.). New York, NY: Scholastic.
999:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
611:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
244:Anacaona was born in Yaguana (present-day
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882:Bartolomé de las Casas : a biography
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76:Learn how and when to remove this message
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39:This article includes a list of general
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211:(1474?–1504), or Golden Flower, was a
1144:Lyrics.com Accessed 1 February 2020.
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441:"Anacaona", by Super Sonic de Larose
374:they were planning their own revolt.
1280:Anacaona - Super Sonic 747 de Larose
1205:Roumain, Maryse Noël (August 2012).
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438:"Anacaona", by Ansy and Yole Dérose
290:In 1498, Bohechío was confronted by
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1347:Henry Gardiner Adams, ed. (1857). "
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1510:16th-century North American people
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45:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1353:A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography
1254:Ansy & Yole Derose - Anakaona
1154:Danticat, Edwidge, 1969- (2005).
1089:Danticat, Edwidge, 1969- (2005).
715:
623:
523:
1401:
1029::10.1080/08263663.2015.1090709.
738::10.1080/08263663.2015.1090709.
701:. Scarecrow Press. p. 158.
426:Anacaona, la Reine Taino d'Ayiti
226:Bohechío, the ruler of Xaragua.
30:
1476:anacaona the golden flower book
1327:from the original on 2021-12-15
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383:The Spanish Conquest in America
950:. Real Academia de la Historia
947:Diccionario biográfico español
855:. Real Academia de la Historia
852:Diccionario biográfico español
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698:Historical Dictionary of Haiti
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16:Female cacique from Hispaniola
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1520:Women Native American leaders
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831:Las Casas, Bartolome (1552).
641:Las Casas, Bartolome (1552).
493:Women Native American leaders
444:"Anacaona", by Eddy Francois
413:
398:, is named after her, in the
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7:
1515:16th-century women monarchs
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340:, published in 1598 in the
10:
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428:by Maryse N. Roumain, PhD.
419:The Royal Diaries series,
410:, popularizes her story.
18:
1530:Resistance to colonialism
1320:Cheo Feliciano - Anacaona
1141:Anacaona: Cheo Feliciano.
884:. Cambridge. p. 34.
695:Hall, Michael R. (2012).
313:(chiefdoms) of Hispaniola
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1425:. New York: D. Appleton.
1300:Anacaona - Eddy François
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447:"Anacaona", composed by
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264:, meaning 'flower', and
1378:Peter Martyr d'Anghiera
1156:Anacaona, Golden Flower
1091:Anacaona, Golden Flower
1043:Medina, P.M.A. (2017).
780:Medina, P.M.A. (2017).
473:Chiefdoms of Hispaniola
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60:more precise citations.
1535:History of Puerto Rico
1368:Bartolomé de las Casas
532:Great Plains Quarterly
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544:10.1353/gpq.2017.0044
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240:Early life and family
926:Floyd, Troy (1973).
459:"Anacaona", sung by
389:Legacy and influence
292:Bartholomew Columbus
223:Christopher Columbus
19:For other uses, see
183:Cause of death
1470:2014-02-28 at the
400:Dominican Republic
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133:Bohechío (cacique)
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978:978-0-19-993580-2
891:978-1-139-51846-8
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66:January 2018
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1495:1504 deaths
1396:Attribution
402:. The song
346:written by
136: [
129:Predecessor
58:introducing
1484:Categories
1361:Q115669776
1341:References
1331:2019-12-15
1265:2019-12-15
1074:October 7,
1033:0826-3663.
954:2024-04-26
942:"Anacaona"
859:2024-04-26
847:"Behechio"
811:October 7,
742:0826-3663.
667:2023-11-30
478:Enriquillo
455:Irka Mateo
414:Literature
311:cacicazgos
285:La Navidad
177:Hispaniola
41:references
1417:Fiske, J.
1233:cite book
1225:853575206
1182:cite book
1117:cite book
1061:1137-2354
1049:Guaraguao
995:cite book
987:952785428
900:796803875
798:1137-2354
786:Guaraguao
607:cite book
599:952785428
560:164720748
552:2333-5092
308:The five
232:In 1503,
155:Yaguana,
1468:Archived
1465:Anacaona
1459:Anacaona
1357:Wikidata
1349:Anacoana
1325:archived
1305:archived
1285:archived
1259:archived
1174:55671862
1109:55671862
1069:44871987
806:44871987
467:See also
404:Anacaona
364:caciques
323:Anacaona
209:Anacaona
102:Anacaona
91:Anacaona
1410::
381:' book
250:Jaragua
218:cacique
201:Caonabo
187:Hanging
157:Jaragua
115:Xaragua
54:improve
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256:words
197:Spouse
124:?–1503
110:Cacica
43:, but
1065:JSTOR
802:JSTOR
556:S2CID
504:Notes
433:Music
360:caney
268:caona
254:Taíno
213:Taíno
140:]
121:Reign
1444:help
1385:ISBN
1239:link
1221:OCLC
1211:ISBN
1192:link
1188:link
1170:OCLC
1160:ISBN
1127:link
1123:link
1105:OCLC
1095:ISBN
1076:2021
1057:ISSN
1031:ISSN
1005:link
1001:link
983:OCLC
973:ISBN
896:OCLC
886:ISBN
813:2021
794:ISSN
740:ISSN
703:ISBN
617:link
613:link
595:OCLC
585:ISBN
548:ISSN
168:Died
153:1474
150:Born
1351:".
1027:doi
736:doi
540:doi
260:ana
113:of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
