2859:
74:
2853:
69:
829:
730:, in which he extensively describes his observations of how people and animals display emotions on their faces and through sound. Darwin comments on amusement as an emotion of great joy during which a person is likely to laugh. He also notes that across all peoples humans can laugh until they are panting and tears roll down their cheeks. In the 1960s,
846:
oxygen intake. Proposed benefits include: Stress management, relaxation, improved mental functions, improved digestion, and pain relief. Some suggest that laughter activates similar brain wave frequencies as a meditative state. However, scientific studies of these benefits are limited and have methodological issues.
845:
therapy, or humor therapy, focuses on promoting laughter as a therapeutic tool. Usually implemented in a group, laughter therapy uses a variety of gag jokes like red noses and magic tricks to encourage laughter - fake or real. Laughter causes the body's muscles to relax which increases blood flow and
811:
Emotion regulation is the term for how people attempt to influence - increasing, decreasing, maintaining, or changing - how, when, and where they experience emotion. Through changing how they think about a target of amusement, like a humorous video clip, people are able to increase and decrease how
797:
As a positive, high arousal emotion, amusement falls in the same category as excitement and exhilaration. These emotions are highly valued in
American culture where positive feelings that high in energy are seen as ideal. In contrast, East Asian cultures value positive, low arousal emotions such as
698:
The evolutionary perspective proposes that amusement is a distinct emotion that evolved to enhance a species’ survival. Collective laughter helps define an ingroup, helping people recognize those similar to them and feel included. It also helps identify outgroup members and enhance the barrier
711:
suggests that when humans have a positive experience that increases their arousal, such as a faster heartbeat and increased sweat production, they cognitively seek out a label for that feeling. They will land on amusement if that experience resembles other amusement experiences they have had.
812:
much amusement they feel, express in smiles and laughs, and experience in their bodies (e.g. increased heart rate and respiration). Choosing to increase or prolong experiences of positive emotion is one way in which people can learn to cope when faced with challenges and develop resilience.
820:
As a positive emotion, amusement contributes to the development of resilience in both children and adults. Positive emotions help people build social resources that foster their ability to cope during hard times. Increases in resilience lead to higher
651:" emotion because humor occurs when one experiences a cognitive shift from one knowledge structure about a target to another, such as hearing the punchline of a joke. Emotions perceived overtime are focused on the daily dynamics of life as
2107:. Roger T. Dunn ... curator catalogue; research assistant, Richard Campbell. Brockton, Mass.: Brockton Art Center, Fuller Memorial; Bedford, Mass.: printed by W.E. Andrews Co., 1976. 44 obl. p., amply ill. Without ISBN
761:
Displays of amusement have been distinguished from related emotions like embarrassment and shame. More recent studies have confirmed that laughter is a distinct signal of amusement and is recognizable across cultures.
699:
between the two. Laughter can provide network support as encouragement, or it can inform ingroup members that they are losing majority favor and to adjust their behavior to reassimilate.
734:, an American psychologist, revived the study of emotional expression, proposing, like Darwin, that emotions were universally recognizable. His early work focused on six basic emotions:
655:
or blunt. The pleasant surprise that happens from learning this new information leads to a state of amusement which people often express through smiling, laughter or chuckling.
3340:
789:
The expression of amusement is usually accompanied by genuine laughter. The experience of laughter changes the breathing pattern and often causes all the muscles to relax.
1324:
Simon-Thomas, E. R.; Keltner, D. J.; Sauter, D.; Sinicropi-Yao, L. & Abramson, A. (2009). "The voice conveys specific emotions: evidence from vocal burst displays".
1776:"What good are positive emotions in crisis? A prospective study of resilience and emotions following the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11th, 2001"
880:
Shiota, M. N.; Keltner, D. & John, O. P. (2006). "Positive emotion dispositions differentially associated with Big Five personality and attachment style".
726:
1886:
1823:
1760:
1493:
1420:
1273:
1244:
1149:
964:
1890:
1497:
1676:
Tugade, M. M. & Fredrickson, B. L. (2007). "Regulation of positive emotions: Emotion regulation strategies that promote resilience".
658:
Current studies have not yet reached consensus on the exact purpose of amusement, though theories have been advanced in the fields of
2013:
682:, etc.) to be perceived as more or less 'amusing' than another similar element to a particular individual is not clearly understood.
601:
2147:
1839:"Psychological resilience and positive emotional granularity: Examining the benefits of positive emotions on coping and health"
1287:
Keltner, Dacher (1995). "Signs of appeasement: Evidence for the distinct displays of embarrassment, amusement, and shame".
3184:
3088:
1260:
What the face reveals: Basic and applied studies of spontaneous expression using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
3298:
3100:
115:
1369:
Laukka, P.; Elfenbein, H. A.; Söder, N.; Nordström, H.; Althoff, J.; Chui, W., ... & Thingujam, N. S. (2013).
3172:
758:. By the 1990s, Ekman had expanded this list to include several additional emotions, one of which was amusement.
1193:
Ekman, P., Sorenson, E. R., & Friesen, W. V. (1969). "Pan-cultural elements in facial displays of emotion".
3058:
3388:
3033:
708:
594:
3365:
2140:
2065:
Martin, R. A. (2001). "Humor, laughter, and physical health: Methodological issues and research findings".
1904:
Cohn, Michael A.; Fredrickson, Barbara L.; Brown, Stephanie L.; Mikels, Joseph A.; Conway, Anne M. (2009).
1130:
Keltner, D., Tracy, J. L., Sauter, D. A., Cordaro, D. C. & McNeil, G. (2016). "Expression of
Emotion".
628:
events or situations while the person or animal actively maintains the experience, and is associated with
3288:
2105:
American
Pastimes: , Brockton Art Center, Fuller Memorial, Brockton, Massachusetts, Jan. 27-Apr. 17, 1977
1129:
953:. Mahwah, NJ: Philippot, P. & Feldman, R. S. Eds. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc. pp. 127–155.
3318:
31:
3398:
3293:
3095:
110:
1836:
1773:
1596:
1338:
1301:
1083:"The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of interoception and categorization"
1042:
1028:
Barrett, L. F. (2006). "Solving the emotion paradox: Categorization and the experience of emotion".
894:
3251:
3216:
2257:
587:
3393:
3308:
3152:
2875:
2367:
2133:
120:
17:
1962:
948:
3236:
3179:
3043:
2973:
2825:
2564:
2160:
1629:"The up-and down-regulation of amusement: experiential, behavioral, and autonomic consequences"
1591:
1333:
1296:
1037:
951:
Positive emotion and the regulation of interpersonal relationships in The
Regulation of Emotion
889:
690:
Two different theoretical perspectives about emotion provide contrasting origins of amusement:
562:
99:
89:
3323:
2968:
2773:
2202:
1880:
1817:
1754:
1514:
1487:
1414:
1238:
1143:
527:
42:
2040:
1987:
1323:
3335:
3278:
3268:
3256:
3167:
3162:
3147:
3132:
3048:
2998:
2993:
2938:
2798:
2549:
1582:
Gross, James J. (1998). "The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review".
1447:
1202:
302:
127:
8:
3283:
3246:
3231:
3201:
3142:
3127:
3083:
3068:
2963:
2953:
2599:
1906:"Happiness Unpacked: Positive Emotions Increase Life Satisfaction by Building Resilience"
557:
292:
84:
1451:
1436:"Cross-cultural recognition of basic emotions through nonverbal emotional vocalizations"
1433:
1206:
1178:
Ekman, Paul (1989). "The argument and evidence about universals in facial expressions".
3241:
3221:
3206:
3196:
3137:
3117:
3078:
3073:
3038:
3023:
2983:
2943:
2815:
2554:
2544:
2192:
1938:
1905:
1863:
1838:
1800:
1775:
1737:
1712:
1693:
1653:
1628:
1609:
1564:
1470:
1435:
1397:
1371:"Cross-cultural decoding of positive and negative non-linguistic emotion vocalizations"
1370:
1267:
1226:
1107:
1082:
1063:
1010:
958:
907:
755:
552:
397:
94:
925:
3226:
3053:
3028:
3005:
2978:
2793:
2783:
2640:
2630:
2497:
2424:
2357:
2327:
2082:
1943:
1925:
1868:
1854:
1805:
1742:
1658:
1556:
1552:
1539:
Tsai, Jeanne L. (2007). "Ideal affect: Cultural causes and behavioral consequences".
1475:
1402:
1351:
1218:
1112:
1055:
1014:
822:
537:
452:
442:
382:
287:
252:
104:
52:
1697:
1568:
1230:
911:
3431:
3383:
3189:
3157:
2830:
2788:
2704:
2699:
2074:
1933:
1917:
1858:
1850:
1795:
1787:
1732:
1724:
1685:
1648:
1640:
1613:
1601:
1548:
1465:
1455:
1392:
1382:
1343:
1306:
1210:
1132:
In
Barrett, L. F., Lewis, M. & Haviland-Jones, J. M. Eds., Handbook of Emotions
1102:
1094:
1067:
1047:
1002:
899:
567:
542:
487:
482:
980:
The basic humor process: A cognitive-shift theory and the case against incongruity
3436:
3345:
3313:
3211:
3018:
3010:
2948:
2835:
2454:
648:
362:
2078:
1368:
1214:
1192:
1051:
3370:
3303:
3122:
2803:
2763:
2689:
2337:
1791:
1310:
1006:
721:
472:
267:
1689:
1605:
903:
3425:
3378:
3063:
2747:
2613:
2465:
2434:
2362:
2267:
1929:
1837:
Tugade, M. M., Fredrickson, B. L., & Feldman
Barrett, L. (2004). (2004).
1774:
Fredrickson, B. L., Tugade, M. M., Waugh, C. E., & Larkin, G. R. (2003).
1387:
625:
512:
342:
297:
262:
212:
1460:
3350:
3263:
3107:
2559:
2487:
2374:
2237:
2086:
1947:
1872:
1809:
1746:
1662:
1560:
1479:
1406:
1355:
1116:
1059:
652:
187:
1222:
1098:
2917:
2890:
2729:
2667:
2539:
2507:
2429:
2409:
2302:
1257:
949:
Shiota, M. N., Campos, B., Keltner, D., & Hertenstein, M. J. (2004).
644:. It is an emotion with positive valence and high physiological arousal.
392:
337:
237:
38:
2117:
1434:
Sauter, D. A., Eisner, F., Ekman, P. & Scott, S. K. (2010). (2010).
777:
Eyes: Crow's feet at the eyes indicating that the muscles have tightened
3355:
2714:
2584:
2394:
2287:
2282:
2182:
2177:
1728:
860:
731:
720:
The origin of the study of emotional expression is often attributed to
663:
659:
618:
497:
422:
312:
222:
152:
147:
993:
Coser, Rose Laub (1 April 2016). "Some Social
Functions of Laughter".
2905:
2880:
2867:
2810:
2756:
2650:
2625:
2594:
2502:
2459:
2439:
2389:
2384:
2322:
2317:
2292:
2232:
2197:
2187:
1921:
1644:
1347:
735:
667:
633:
629:
547:
517:
437:
417:
387:
367:
347:
247:
227:
182:
157:
1626:
37:"Amuse" redirects here. For the Japanese entertainment company, see
2900:
2895:
2885:
2820:
2657:
2579:
2569:
2534:
2521:
2404:
2347:
2297:
2277:
879:
842:
679:
641:
637:
462:
412:
402:
322:
277:
232:
2125:
670:. In addition, the precise mechanism that causes a given element (
3330:
2910:
2858:
2852:
2778:
2738:
2724:
2719:
2709:
2620:
2480:
2379:
2342:
2312:
2307:
2272:
2252:
2242:
2227:
2169:
2156:
855:
770:
An amused facial expression typically has these characteristics:
751:
743:
532:
507:
502:
492:
307:
272:
242:
217:
202:
192:
177:
73:
68:
60:
828:
3360:
2694:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2526:
2473:
2332:
2247:
1675:
621:
477:
372:
257:
197:
3341:
Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems
2842:
2768:
2662:
2635:
2514:
2449:
2444:
2414:
2352:
2222:
2217:
1710:
739:
675:
671:
572:
522:
467:
447:
357:
352:
327:
282:
172:
167:
2645:
2606:
2589:
2492:
2419:
2399:
2207:
747:
457:
432:
427:
377:
332:
317:
1903:
2574:
2262:
407:
207:
1627:
Giuliani, N. R.; McRae, K. & Gross, J. J. (2008).
715:
2005:
1258:Ekman, P., & Rosenberg, E. L. (Eds.). (1997).
1165:The Expressions of the Emotions in Man and Animals
727:The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
3423:
2736:
1713:"Short-term resilience processes in the family"
1440:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2611:
2119:Questionable Amusements and Worthy Substitutes
1080:
1027:
2141:
2064:
2011:
780:Mouth: Open, jaw dropped with relaxed muscles
595:
2915:
2754:
2745:
2512:
1963:"The Growing Popularity of Laughter Therapy"
1885:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1822:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1780:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
1759:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1492:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1419:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1289:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
1272:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1243:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1148:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
977:
963:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3414:indicate emotion names in foreign languages
2478:
2014:"Stress relief from laughter? It's no joke"
1087:Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
2148:
2134:
1889:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1496:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
792:
602:
588:
1937:
1862:
1799:
1736:
1652:
1595:
1469:
1459:
1396:
1386:
1337:
1300:
1106:
1041:
893:
2041:"Laughter Therapy is the New Meditation"
1030:Personality and Social Psychology Review
827:
2103:Brockton Art Center (Brockton, Mass.).
1286:
14:
3424:
1711:Bai, S., & Repetti, R. L. (2015).
1162:
702:
2129:
2038:
1581:
1541:Perspectives on Psychological Science
1509:
1507:
1177:
1167:(3 ed.). London: Harper Collins.
992:
806:
724:. In 1872, Darwin published his book
1538:
798:contentment, calm and peacefulness.
765:
2155:
1992:Cancer Treatment Centers of America
1960:
1180:Handbook of Social Psychophysiology
836:
832:People engaging in laughter therapy
41:For the Swedish music company, see
24:
2097:
1504:
982:. New York, NY: Mouton de Gruyter.
882:The Journal of Positive Psychology
25:
3448:
2111:
774:Head: Thrown back with jaw lifted
716:Emotional expression of amusement
27:Positive emotion related to humor
2857:
2851:
1855:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00294.x
1553:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00043.x
801:
72:
67:
2058:
2032:
1980:
1954:
1897:
1830:
1767:
1704:
1669:
1620:
1575:
1532:
1427:
1362:
1317:
1280:
1262:. Oxford University Press, USA.
1251:
1186:
1171:
841:Rapidly growing in popularity,
693:
1156:
1123:
1074:
1021:
986:
971:
942:
918:
873:
784:
13:
1:
1515:"Emotional Intelligence Quiz"
866:
815:
709:theory of constructed emotion
3366:Social emotional development
1678:Journal of Happiness Studies
1584:Review of General Psychology
647:Amusement is considered an "
7:
2612:
2079:10.1037/0033-2909.127.4.504
1519:Greater Good Science Center
1215:10.1126/science.164.3875.86
1052:10.1207/s15327957pspr1001_2
849:
685:
10:
3453:
1792:10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.365
1311:10.1037/0022-3514.68.3.441
1007:10.1177/001872675901200205
36:
32:Amusement (disambiguation)
29:
3409:
2928:
2866:
2849:
2168:
1690:10.1007/s10902-006-9015-4
1606:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271
1163:Darwin, Charles (1998) .
904:10.1080/17439760500510833
3299:in virtual communication
1388:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00353
825:and general happiness.
1461:10.1073/pnas.0908239106
1375:Frontiers in Psychology
1081:Barrett, L. F. (2017).
793:Cultural considerations
2916:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2513:
2479:
2067:Psychological Bulletin
2039:Eckelkamp, Stephanie.
1843:Journal of Personality
833:
100:Emotional intelligence
978:Latta, R. L. (1999).
831:
43:Amuse (music company)
3336:Group affective tone
303:Emotional Detachment
30:For other uses, see
3389:constructed emotion
3059:functional accounts
2012:Mayo Clinic Staff.
1452:2010PNAS..107.2408S
1207:1969Sci...164...86E
1099:10.1093/scan/nsw154
703:Constructed emotion
3289:in decision-making
2530:(sense of purpose)
2018:www.mayoclinic.org
1988:"Laughter Therapy"
1729:10.1111/fare.12101
834:
807:Emotion regulation
3419:
3418:
3006:Appeal to emotion
2784:Social connection
823:life satisfaction
766:Facial expression
612:
611:
538:Social connection
16:(Redirected from
3444:
3394:discrete emotion
3294:in the workplace
3190:Empathy quotient
2921:
2861:
2855:
2760:
2751:
2742:
2617:
2518:
2484:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2127:
2126:
2091:
2090:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1922:10.1037/a0015952
1901:
1895:
1894:
1884:
1876:
1866:
1849:(6): 1161–1190.
1834:
1828:
1827:
1821:
1813:
1803:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1758:
1750:
1740:
1717:Family Relations
1708:
1702:
1701:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1656:
1645:10.1037/a0013236
1624:
1618:
1617:
1599:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1511:
1502:
1501:
1491:
1483:
1473:
1463:
1446:(6): 2408–2412.
1431:
1425:
1424:
1418:
1410:
1400:
1390:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1348:10.1037/a0017810
1341:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1304:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1263:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1242:
1234:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1147:
1139:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1110:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1045:
1025:
1019:
1018:
990:
984:
983:
975:
969:
968:
962:
954:
946:
940:
939:
938:
937:
922:
916:
915:
897:
877:
837:Laughter therapy
617:is the state of
604:
597:
590:
76:
71:
48:
47:
21:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3405:
3346:Jealousy in art
3089:in conversation
3011:Amygdala hijack
2924:
2862:
2856:
2847:
2836:sense of wonder
2164:
2154:
2114:
2100:
2098:Further reading
2095:
2094:
2063:
2059:
2049:
2047:
2037:
2033:
2023:
2021:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1971:
1969:
1961:Burbank, Luke.
1959:
1955:
1902:
1898:
1878:
1877:
1835:
1831:
1815:
1814:
1772:
1768:
1752:
1751:
1709:
1705:
1674:
1670:
1625:
1621:
1597:10.1.1.476.7042
1580:
1576:
1537:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1513:
1512:
1505:
1485:
1484:
1432:
1428:
1412:
1411:
1367:
1363:
1339:10.1.1.421.2565
1322:
1318:
1302:10.1.1.420.9278
1285:
1281:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1236:
1235:
1201:(3875): 86–88.
1191:
1187:
1176:
1172:
1161:
1157:
1141:
1140:
1128:
1124:
1079:
1075:
1043:10.1.1.577.4057
1026:
1022:
995:Human Relations
991:
987:
976:
972:
956:
955:
947:
943:
935:
933:
924:
923:
919:
895:10.1.1.421.1730
878:
874:
869:
852:
839:
818:
809:
804:
795:
787:
768:
718:
705:
696:
688:
649:epistemological
608:
579:
578:
577:
142:
141:
132:
111:Self-regulation
109:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3450:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3417:
3416:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3399:somatic marker
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3373:
3371:Stoic passions
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3319:social sharing
3316:
3311:
3309:self-conscious
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3252:thought method
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3217:lateralization
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3044:classification
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3013:
3008:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2996:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2872:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2764:Sentimentality
2761:
2752:
2743:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2660:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2609:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2600:at first sight
2597:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2524:
2519:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2338:Disappointment
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2153:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2113:
2112:External links
2110:
2109:
2108:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2073:(4): 504–519.
2057:
2031:
2004:
1979:
1953:
1916:(3): 361–368.
1896:
1829:
1786:(2): 365–376.
1766:
1723:(1): 108–119.
1703:
1684:(3): 311–333.
1668:
1639:(5): 714–719.
1619:
1590:(3): 271–299.
1574:
1547:(3): 242–259.
1531:
1503:
1426:
1361:
1332:(6): 838–846.
1316:
1295:(3): 441–454.
1279:
1250:
1185:
1170:
1155:
1122:
1073:
1020:
1001:(2): 171–182.
985:
970:
941:
917:
871:
870:
868:
865:
864:
863:
858:
851:
848:
838:
835:
817:
814:
808:
805:
803:
800:
794:
791:
786:
783:
782:
781:
778:
775:
767:
764:
722:Charles Darwin
717:
714:
704:
701:
695:
692:
687:
684:
610:
609:
607:
606:
599:
592:
584:
581:
580:
576:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
268:Disappointment
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
230:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
144:
143:
139:
138:
137:
134:
133:
131:
130:
125:
124:
123:
118:
107:
102:
97:
92:
90:Classification
87:
81:
78:
77:
64:
63:
57:
56:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3449:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3413:
3408:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3153:dysregulation
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3106:
3102:
3101:interpersonal
3099:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2954:in psychology
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2939:consciousness
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2860:
2854:
2844:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2748:Schadenfreude
2744:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:Mono no aware
2610:
2608:
2605:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2466:Joie de vivre
2463:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2435:Gratification
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2363:Embarrassment
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2268:Belongingness
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2151:
2146:
2144:
2139:
2137:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2122:by J. M. Judy
2121:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2061:
2046:
2042:
2035:
2020:. Mayo Clinic
2019:
2015:
2008:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1968:
1964:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1900:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1833:
1825:
1819:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1770:
1762:
1756:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1672:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1578:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1535:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1430:
1422:
1416:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1365:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1320:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1275:
1269:
1261:
1254:
1246:
1240:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1189:
1181:
1174:
1166:
1159:
1151:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1077:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1024:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
989:
981:
974:
966:
960:
952:
945:
931:
927:
921:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
891:
887:
883:
876:
872:
862:
859:
857:
854:
853:
847:
844:
830:
826:
824:
813:
802:Clinical uses
799:
790:
779:
776:
773:
772:
771:
763:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
728:
723:
713:
710:
700:
691:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
656:
654:
650:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
620:
616:
605:
600:
598:
593:
591:
586:
585:
583:
582:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
513:Schadenfreude
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
343:Gratification
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
298:Embarrassment
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
263:Determination
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
213:Belongingness
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
145:
136:
135:
129:
126:
122:
121:Dysregulation
119:
117:
116:Interpersonal
114:
113:
112:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
82:
80:
79:
75:
70:
66:
65:
62:
59:
58:
54:
50:
49:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3411:
3351:Meta-emotion
3264:Emotionality
3237:responsivity
3185:and bullying
3180:intelligence
2990:Affectivity
2974:neuroscience
2944:in education
2527:
2488:Homesickness
2464:
2390:Enthrallment
2375:Emotion work
2238:Anticipation
2212:
2118:
2104:
2070:
2066:
2060:
2048:. Retrieved
2044:
2034:
2022:. Retrieved
2017:
2007:
1995:. Retrieved
1991:
1982:
1970:. Retrieved
1966:
1956:
1913:
1909:
1899:
1881:cite journal
1846:
1842:
1832:
1818:cite journal
1783:
1779:
1769:
1755:cite journal
1720:
1716:
1706:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1636:
1632:
1622:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1544:
1540:
1534:
1522:. Retrieved
1518:
1488:cite journal
1443:
1439:
1429:
1415:cite journal
1378:
1374:
1364:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1292:
1288:
1282:
1259:
1253:
1239:cite journal
1198:
1194:
1188:
1179:
1173:
1164:
1158:
1144:cite journal
1135:
1131:
1125:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1036:(1): 20–46.
1033:
1029:
1023:
998:
994:
988:
979:
973:
950:
944:
934:, retrieved
932:, 2024-04-20
929:
920:
888:(2): 61–71.
885:
881:
875:
840:
819:
810:
796:
788:
769:
760:
725:
719:
706:
697:
694:Evolutionary
689:
657:
646:
626:entertaining
619:experiencing
614:
613:
188:Anticipation
162:
3279:and culture
3084:recognition
3069:homeostatic
2969:forecasting
2918:Weltschmerz
2891:Misanthropy
2668:grandiosity
2550:Inspiration
2540:Infatuation
2508:Humiliation
2430:Frustration
2303:Contentment
2050:24 November
1997:24 November
1972:24 November
1524:23 November
1093:(1): 1–23.
785:Vocal burst
393:Humiliation
338:Frustration
238:Contentment
39:Amuse, Inc.
3426:Categories
3356:Pathognomy
3257:well-being
3173:and gender
3168:expression
3163:exhaustion
3148:detachment
3133:competence
3114:Emotional
3096:regulation
3079:perception
3074:in animals
3024:and memory
2960:Affective
2868:Worldviews
2730:melancholy
2715:Resentment
2585:Loneliness
2560:Irritation
2545:Insecurity
2535:Indulgence
2410:Excitement
2395:Enthusiasm
2328:Depression
2288:Confidence
2283:Compassion
2258:Attraction
2183:Admiration
2178:Acceptance
2024:5 February
1182:: 143–164.
1138:: 467–482.
936:2024-04-25
867:References
861:Recreation
816:Resilience
732:Paul Ekman
664:psychiatry
660:psychology
498:Resentment
423:Loneliness
313:Enthusiasm
253:Depression
223:Confidence
153:Admiration
148:Acceptance
95:In animals
3384:appraisal
3324:sociology
3275:Emotions
3247:symbiosis
3232:reasoning
3202:isolation
3143:contagion
3128:blackmail
3054:expressed
3049:evolution
3039:and sleep
3029:and music
2964:computing
2911:Reclusion
2906:Pessimism
2881:Defeatism
2811:Suffering
2757:Sehnsucht
2700:Rejection
2651:self-pity
2626:Nostalgia
2595:limerence
2565:Isolation
2503:Hostility
2460:Happiness
2440:Gratitude
2385:Emptiness
2368:vicarious
2318:Curiosity
2293:Confusion
2233:Annoyance
2213:Amusement
2203:Agitation
2198:Affection
2193:Aesthetic
2188:Adoration
1930:1528-3542
1592:CiteSeerX
1334:CiteSeerX
1297:CiteSeerX
1268:cite book
1038:CiteSeerX
1015:145101812
959:cite book
930:Knowledge
926:"Emotion"
890:CiteSeerX
736:happiness
668:sociology
634:happiness
630:enjoyment
615:Amusement
558:Suspicion
548:Suffering
518:Self-pity
483:Rejection
438:Nostalgia
418:Limerence
388:Hostility
368:Happiness
348:Gratitude
293:Elevation
248:Curiosity
228:Confusion
183:Annoyance
163:Amusement
158:Affection
3242:security
3222:literacy
3207:lability
3197:intimacy
3138:conflict
3118:aperture
3015:Emotion
2999:negative
2994:positive
2984:spectrum
2949:measures
2901:Optimism
2896:Nihilism
2886:Fatalism
2876:Cynicism
2821:Sympathy
2816:Surprise
2658:Pleasure
2580:Kindness
2570:Jealousy
2555:Interest
2522:Hysteria
2405:Euphoria
2348:Distrust
2298:Contempt
2278:Calmness
2170:Emotions
2157:Emotions
2087:11439709
2045:Time.com
1948:19485613
1873:15509280
1810:12585810
1747:26246651
1698:51834346
1663:18837622
1569:17562200
1561:26151968
1480:20133790
1407:23914178
1356:20001126
1231:16462814
1117:27798257
1060:16430327
912:11280410
850:See also
843:laughter
756:surprise
686:Theories
680:behavior
642:pleasure
638:laughter
622:humorous
553:Surprise
463:Pleasure
413:Kindness
403:Jealousy
398:Interest
323:Euphoria
278:Distrust
233:Contempt
140:Emotions
61:Emotions
53:a series
51:Part of
3432:Emotion
3412:Italics
3375:Theory
3331:Feeling
3284:history
3269:bounded
3227:prosody
3034:and sex
3019:and art
2979:science
2935:Affect
2929:Related
2804:chronic
2779:Shyness
2739:Saudade
2725:Sadness
2720:Revenge
2710:Remorse
2641:Passion
2631:Outrage
2621:Neglect
2481:Hiraeth
2380:Empathy
2358:Ecstasy
2343:Disgust
2313:Cruelty
2308:Courage
2273:Boredom
2253:Arousal
2243:Anxiety
2228:Anguish
1967:NPR.org
1939:3126102
1910:Emotion
1864:1201429
1801:2755263
1738:4523303
1654:4138973
1633:Emotion
1614:6236938
1471:2823868
1448:Bibcode
1398:3728469
1381:: 353.
1326:Emotion
1223:5773719
1203:Bibcode
1195:Science
1108:5390700
1068:7750265
856:Leisure
752:disgust
744:sadness
653:augment
533:Shyness
508:Saudade
503:Sadness
493:Remorse
453:Passion
443:Outrage
308:Empathy
288:Ecstasy
273:Disgust
243:Courage
218:Boredom
203:Arousal
193:Anxiety
178:Anguish
128:Valence
18:Amusing
3437:Humour
3379:affect
3361:Pathos
3314:social
3158:eating
2831:Wonder
2799:Stress
2789:Sorrow
2705:Relief
2695:Regret
2683:vanity
2678:insult
2673:hubris
2528:Ikigai
2498:Horror
2474:Hatred
2333:Desire
2323:Defeat
2248:Apathy
2085:
1946:
1936:
1928:
1871:
1861:
1808:
1798:
1745:
1735:
1696:
1661:
1651:
1612:
1594:
1567:
1559:
1478:
1468:
1405:
1395:
1354:
1336:
1299:
1229:
1221:
1115:
1105:
1066:
1058:
1040:
1013:
910:
892:
754:, and
666:, and
568:Wonder
543:Sorrow
488:Relief
478:Regret
383:Horror
373:Hatred
258:Desire
198:Apathy
85:Affect
3304:moral
3212:labor
3064:group
2843:Worry
2826:Trust
2794:Spite
2774:Shock
2769:Shame
2663:Pride
2636:Panic
2515:Hygge
2455:Guilt
2450:Grief
2445:Greed
2415:Faith
2353:Doubt
2223:Angst
2218:Anger
2208:Agony
1694:S2CID
1610:S2CID
1565:S2CID
1227:S2CID
1064:S2CID
1011:S2CID
908:S2CID
740:anger
676:sound
672:image
573:Worry
563:Trust
528:Shock
523:Shame
468:Pride
448:Panic
363:Guilt
358:Grief
353:Greed
328:Faith
283:Doubt
173:Angst
168:Anger
3123:bias
3108:work
2690:Rage
2646:Pity
2607:Lust
2590:Love
2493:Hope
2425:Flow
2420:Fear
2400:Envy
2161:list
2083:PMID
2052:2017
2026:2018
1999:2017
1974:2017
1944:PMID
1926:ISSN
1891:link
1887:link
1869:PMID
1824:link
1806:PMID
1761:link
1743:PMID
1659:PMID
1557:PMID
1526:2017
1498:link
1494:link
1476:PMID
1421:link
1403:PMID
1352:PMID
1274:link
1245:link
1219:PMID
1150:link
1113:PMID
1056:PMID
965:link
748:fear
707:The
640:and
624:and
473:Rage
458:Pity
433:Lust
428:Love
378:Hope
333:Fear
318:Envy
105:Mood
2575:Joy
2263:Awe
2075:doi
2071:127
1934:PMC
1918:doi
1859:PMC
1851:doi
1796:PMC
1788:doi
1733:PMC
1725:doi
1686:doi
1649:PMC
1641:doi
1602:doi
1549:doi
1466:PMC
1456:doi
1444:107
1393:PMC
1383:doi
1344:doi
1307:doi
1211:doi
1199:164
1136:4th
1103:PMC
1095:doi
1048:doi
1003:doi
900:doi
408:Joy
208:Awe
3428::
2081:.
2069:.
2043:.
2016:.
1990:.
1965:.
1942:.
1932:.
1924:.
1912:.
1908:.
1883:}}
1879:{{
1867:.
1857:.
1847:72
1845:.
1841:.
1820:}}
1816:{{
1804:.
1794:.
1784:84
1782:.
1778:.
1757:}}
1753:{{
1741:.
1731:.
1721:64
1719:.
1715:.
1692:.
1680:.
1657:.
1647:.
1635:.
1631:.
1608:.
1600:.
1586:.
1563:.
1555:.
1543:.
1517:.
1506:^
1490:}}
1486:{{
1474:.
1464:.
1454:.
1442:.
1438:.
1417:}}
1413:{{
1401:.
1391:.
1377:.
1373:.
1350:.
1342:.
1328:.
1305:.
1293:68
1291:.
1270:}}
1266:{{
1241:}}
1237:{{
1225:.
1217:.
1209:.
1197:.
1146:}}
1142:{{
1134:.
1111:.
1101:.
1091:12
1089:.
1085:.
1062:.
1054:.
1046:.
1034:10
1032:.
1009:.
999:12
997:.
961:}}
957:{{
928:,
906:.
898:.
884:.
750:,
746:,
742:,
738:,
678:,
674:,
662:,
636:,
632:,
55:on
2163:)
2159:(
2149:e
2142:t
2135:v
2089:.
2077::
2054:.
2028:.
2001:.
1976:.
1950:.
1920::
1914:9
1893:)
1875:.
1853::
1826:)
1812:.
1790::
1763:)
1749:.
1727::
1700:.
1688::
1682:8
1665:.
1643::
1637:8
1616:.
1604::
1588:2
1571:.
1551::
1545:2
1528:.
1500:)
1482:.
1458::
1450::
1423:)
1409:.
1385::
1379:4
1358:.
1346::
1330:9
1313:.
1309::
1276:)
1247:)
1233:.
1213::
1205::
1152:)
1119:.
1097::
1070:.
1050::
1017:.
1005::
967:)
914:.
902::
886:1
603:e
596:t
589:v
45:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
